CN110683658A - Efficient biological denitrification process for sewage treatment - Google Patents
Efficient biological denitrification process for sewage treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110683658A CN110683658A CN201910990818.5A CN201910990818A CN110683658A CN 110683658 A CN110683658 A CN 110683658A CN 201910990818 A CN201910990818 A CN 201910990818A CN 110683658 A CN110683658 A CN 110683658A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment. The process consists of a high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body for sewage treatment, a sedimentation tank, a constant temperature system, a water inlet system, an aeration system and a dosing system; the high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body consists of a constant-temperature water bath layer, an outer cylinder, a cylindrical fluid director, an inner cavity, a triangular fluid director, fluidized fillers and fixed fiber fillers; the ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet water is 40-80 mg/L during operation of the process, and the hydraulic retention time is 2-12 h; the process adopts an air pump for continuous aeration, and the aeration rate is 0-6 m3Air/m3The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the device main body is 0-2 mg/L, the temperature is 25-40 ℃, and the pH is 7-8.5. The zeolite and the activated carbon fiber are adopted to adsorb ammonia nitrogen, optimize the ecological structure of the flora and promote enrichment of functional flora; the inventionThe internal circulation is realized by adopting bottom aeration, and the medicine is added when the operation performance is reduced, so that the device has the advantages of stable long-term operation, simple and compact structure, convenient operation, good deamination effect, energy conservation, high efficiency, environmental friendliness and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment.
Technical Field
Not only is water resource seriously short in China, but also water quality pollution is increasingly serious. Ammonia nitrogen is one of the main target removers in water treatment, and anammox is currently the most economical biological denitrification technique known.
The anaerobic ammonia oxidation refers to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria using NO under the anaerobic or anoxic condition2 -Oxidation of NH for electron acceptors4 +Generating N2And a small amount of NO3 -The biological process of (1). Compared with the traditional process, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment technology shortens the denitrification way, has the advantages of saving energy, reducing the output of excess sludge, saving investment cost and operating cost, and has the characteristic of sustainability. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology has wide market prospect in the aspect of treating the wastewater with low carbon-nitrogen ratio and high ammonia nitrogen concentration.
The mainstream partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation refers to the application of a partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process in a mainstream rather than a sidestream stage of a sewage plant. Compared with the traditional biological denitrification (nitrification-denitrification), PN/A has unique technical advantages: firstly, the aeration energy consumption is only 55-60% of that of the traditional process; secondly, the process has less carbon source requirement; thirdly, the process can reduce the consumption of 45 percent of alkalinity; fourthly, the sludge yield of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process is far lower than that of the traditional denitrification process, so that the treatment and disposal cost of the excess sludge is obviously reduced. However, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment of low-concentration nitrogen-containing wastewater still has some problems: such as strict requirements on operating conditions, insufficient biomass of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, difficult inhibition of NOB, unstable long-term operating performance and the like.
The biological filler has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, large specific surface area, high porosity and the like, and abundant inner surfaces of the biological filler provide attached surfaces and inner spaces for microorganisms, so that the bearable organic load of the reactor is improved. The biological filler with ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity is added into the low ammonia nitrogen wastewater, so that the impact strength of the reactor can be improved, the biological filler has ammonia nitrogen adsorption balance performance, and the appropriate free ammonia concentration can be maintained, so that the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria is selectively inhibited, the stable nitrosation of the low ammonia nitrogen wastewater is realized, and the stable water inlet condition is provided for the subsequently connected anaerobic ammonia oxidation process.
To sum up, in order to simplify the operation, improve the reaction biomass, strengthen the ammonia oxidation deamination effect, maintain the long-term operation of the reactor, the invention has developed a sewage treatment's high-efficient biological denitrification process, use zeolite as the fluidization filler, activated carbon fiber as the fixed fiber filler, absorb ammonia nitrogen, optimize biological community structure and little ecological environment, promote and enrich the functional flora, strengthen the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, the invention starts the medicine-adding system to add medicine when the running performance reduces, use bottom aeration to realize the inner loop, make the apparatus operate steadily for a long time, use the subregion to control, form relatively aerobic and relatively anoxic zone in the reactor, have simple and compact, easy to operate, deamination effectual, energy-conserving high-efficient, advantage such as being environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
The problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems that the traditional biological denitrification process taking nitrification-denitrification as a core has large energy consumption, long flow path and low efficiency, and the biological denitrification process based on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology is difficult to control and has unstable operation performance, the invention provides the efficient biological denitrification process for sewage treatment, which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, optimized flow field, convenient operation, easy control, low energy consumption and stable long-term operation performance.
The invention provides a high-efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process is a process for treating low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage by adopting a high-efficiency biological denitrification device for sewage treatment; the process consists of a high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body, a sedimentation tank, a constant temperature system, a water inlet system, an aeration system and a dosing system; the high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body consists of a constant-temperature water bath layer, an outer cylinder, a cylindrical fluid director, an inner cavity, a triangular fluid director, fluidized fillers, fixed fiber fillers and a dosing system; dividing the device into a bottom water inlet aeration zone, a central upward flow zone, an outer downward flow zone, a peripheral water outlet zone and a fixed filler zone according to the structure and functional characteristics of the device; the constant-temperature water bath layer is provided with a constant-temperature layer water inlet and a constant-temperature layer water outlet; the outer cylinder is formed by connecting an upper cylinder and a lower inverted circular truncated cone, the upper cylinder is provided with a water outlet, a dosing port, a fixed fiber filler I, an annular perforated dosing pipe and a fixed support, the lower bottom surface of the lower inverted circular truncated cone is provided with a water inlet, an air inlet and a sludge discharge port, the air inlet is positioned in the center of the bottom surface, the water inlet is positioned at one side of the water inlet, extends into the triangular fluid director and is mixed with air inlet through a right-angle elbow; the cylindrical fluid director consists of a hollow cylinder I and a fixed bracket I on the outer wall; the inner cavity consists of a fixed support II, a fixed fiber filler II and a hollow cylinder II; the triangular fluid director consists of a fixed bracket III and a hollow guide cylinder; the biological denitrification process for sewage treatment comprises the following steps:
1) filling 20-30% times of the volume of fluidized filler in the device body;
2) the water inlet system pumps the wastewater containing ammonia and nitrogen from a water inlet at the bottom of the lower inverted round platform to be mixed with fluidized filler, mixed liquid flows into the inner side of the inner cavity from the inner side of the triangular fluid director after being aerated, and is guided by the cylindrical fluid director after flowing out, so that the ascending mixed liquid flows downwards, enters the inner side from the bottom of the outer side of the inner cavity to realize internal circulation, flows into the sedimentation tank from a water outlet at the upper part in the device main body after being treated, and is finally discharged from a water outlet of the sedimentation tank;
3) pumping the inlet air into the central position of the inner part of the lower inverted round table by the aeration system;
4) the dosing system pumps the medicament into the dosing port through the dosing pump, and then injects the medicament into the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device through the annular perforated dosing pipe; the fluidization filling material added in the process is zeolite, and the fixed fiber filling material is activated carbon fiber; the device forms ascending airflow by aeration at the bottom to realize internal circulation; the process adds a medicament into the reactor through a medicament adding system to enhance the denitrification effect.
The thickness of the constant-temperature water bath layer of the device is 2-5 cm, and a constant-temperature layer water inlet and a constant-temperature layer water outlet are formed in the constant-temperature water bath layer; the height-diameter ratio of the upper cylinder is 1.2-2, and the inner wall of the upper cylinder is provided with a fixed support, a water outlet, a dosing port, fixed fiber fillers and an annular perforated dosing pipe; the upper bottom surface of the lower inverted round table is connected with the upper cylinder, the diameters of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are the same, the diameter of the lower bottom surface is 0.2-0.5 times of that of the upper cylinder, and the height of the lower inverted round table is 1.2-2 times of that of the lower bottom surface; the fixed support is provided with 3 groups of fixed cylindrical fluid directors, inner cavities and triangular fluid directors, wherein the number of each group is 2-4; the fixed fiber filler I is made of activated carbon fibers and is placed along the inner wall from the lower part of the water outlet, the placement height of the fixed fiber filler I is 0.5-0.85 times of the height of the upper cylinder, and the thickness of the fixed fiber filler I is 0.2-5 cm; the annular perforated dosing pipe is connected with the dosing port, the fixed height of the annular perforated dosing pipe is 1/10-1/2 of the fixed fiber filler I, the annular perforated dosing pipe is horizontal to the dosing port, the pipe diameter is 5-10 mm, and the aperture of the perforated pipe is 1-2 mm; the air inlet is positioned in the center of the lower bottom surface of the inverted circular truncated cone; the water inlet is positioned at the position of 0.5-2 cm on the left side of the air inlet and extends into the triangular fluid director, and the inlet water and the inlet air are mixed through the right-angle elbow; the sludge discharge port is located at the position of 0.5-2 cm on the right side of the air inlet. The height-diameter ratio of the hollow cylinder II is 2-8; the diameter of the hollow cylinder I is 0.4-0.6 times of the inner diameter of the outer cylinder; the hollow guide cylinder is formed by connecting an upper end column body and a lower end platform body, the diameter of the upper end face of the hollow guide cylinder is 0.4-0.6 times of that of the hollow cylinder II, the diameter of the lower end face of the hollow guide cylinder is 2-4 times of that of the upper end face of the hollow cylinder II, and the height of the hollow guide cylinder is 1.5-3 times of that of the upper end face of the hollow guide cylinder.
The fluidized filler is prepared by grinding and crushing zeolite, sieving the ground zeolite by a standard sieve with a mesh of 30-200 meshes, and adding 5-15 g/L of the fluidized filler into the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device; the zeolite and the mixed liquid are internally circulated in the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device; the porosity of the zeolite is 30-50%, and the pore volume is 0.08-0.20 cm3Table of the ratio of/gThe area is 50-500 m2Per g, pore volume of 0.08-0.20 cm3The adsorption capacity is 7.00-20.00 mg/g.
The fixed fiber filler I and the fixed fiber filler II are activated carbon fibers; the specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber is BET 800-1200 m2(g) dry weight of 80-150 g/m2The thickness is 0.2-5 cm, and the average pore diameter is 1-4 nm; the fixed fiber filler I is fixed on the inner wall of the upper cylinder below the water outlet, and the height of the fixed fiber filler I is 0.5-0.85 times of that of the upper cylinder; the fixed fiber filler II is fixed on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder II; and a proper amount of accumulated biological films are accumulated on the fixed fiber filler, and when the concentration of the suspended solid in the effluent is excessive, a sludge pump is started to discharge sludge.
The process adopts automatic control equipment to monitor the concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquid in the reactor; when the concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquid of the process reactor is more than 60g/L, the automatic control equipment starts the sludge discharge pump to discharge sludge from the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device.
When the denitrification effect of the process is reduced to the total nitrogen removal rate of less than 50%, starting a dosing pump, and pumping a medicament into a dosing port so as to enter the device main body; the agent is an intermediate product of anaerobic ammonia oxidation, perchloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hypobromous acid or nitrous acid; the dosage of the medicament is 1-5 mg/L; annular trompil adds the pencil and lays along upper portion drum inner wall in the medicine system, is connected with the medicine mouth that adds, and the pipe diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, and the trompil aperture is 1 ~ 2mm, and annular trompil adds the pencil fixed height and is located 1/10 ~ 1/2 of fixed fibre filler I.
When the biological denitrification process for sewage treatment is operated, firstly, 20-60% of nitrified sludge in the volume of the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device and 20-60% of anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge in the volume of the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device are respectively inoculated into the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device, and then the reactor is started; the process comprises the steps of pumping low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage into a device main body through a water inlet system, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet water is 40-80 mg/L, and the HRT is 2-12 h; when the process is operated, the internal temperature of the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device is maintained at 25-40 ℃, an air pump is adopted for continuous aeration, and the aeration rate is 0-6 m3Air/m3The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the device body is 0-2 mg/L, and the pH is 7-8.5.
The working mode of the process is set as that low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage enters a water inlet aeration zone at the bottom of the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device, then enters a central upward flow zone, flows through an outer downward flow zone and is discharged from water outlets of peripheral water outlet zones; an aeration head used by the aeration system is arranged at the central position of a bottom plate of an inverted round table at the lower part of a main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device; constant temperature water used by the constant temperature system is treated by the constant temperature box, then is pumped into a water inlet at the upper part of the constant temperature layer, flows out from a water outlet at the lower part of the constant temperature layer, and finally enters the constant temperature box for reciprocating circulation.
Compared with the prior main stream part nitrosation anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, the method has the following obvious advantages:
1) the invention aerates at the bottom of the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device to form ascending air flow to drive the bottom zeolite fluidized filler and suspended sludge to flow upwards, after the inlet water is mixed, the inlet water enters the inner cavity through the triangular fluid director and then continuously rises, after the inlet water is guided by the cylindrical fluid director, the inlet water flows downwards and enters the inner cavity again to form the process of self-circulation in the mixed liquid;
2) in addition, the invention utilizes zeolite fluidized adsorbent combined with activated carbon fiber fixed bed to realize stable operation of partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process in biological treatment of low ammonia nitrogen sewage; by adding zeolite adsorbent, a local high ammonia nitrogen concentration is formed in the environment of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater by utilizing the adsorption effect of zeolite on ammonia nitrogen, the growth and enrichment of ammonia oxidizing bacteria are promoted, nitrite oxidizing bacteria are inhibited, the stable nitrosation of ammonia nitrogen wastewater is realized, and a stable water inlet condition is provided for the subsequent anaerobic ammonia oxidation process; by designing the activated carbon fiber fixed bed, a large amount of residual ammonia nitrogen can be adsorbed, sufficient substrates are provided for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, the activated carbon fiber has the characteristics of large surface area and high affinity, a growing attachment or cave condition is provided for the growth and the propagation of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria can be selectively enriched, the biological community structure is optimized, ammonia nitrogen in water is adsorbed, and the denitrification effect is enhanced;
3) according to the invention, the dosing point is arranged in the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device, when the effluent effect is poor, the intermediate product of anammox, perchloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hypobromous acid or nitrous acid is added to remove the inhibition of nitrite on anammox bacteria, so that the anammox process is enhanced, the activity of anammox bacteria in the reactor is improved, the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria in the reactor is inhibited, the long-term stable operation of the reactor is maintained, and the denitrification effect is maintained;
4) the invention adopts the automatic control equipment to monitor the concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquid of the reactor, and when the concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquid of the process reactor is overlarge, the automatic control equipment starts the sludge discharge pump to discharge sludge, so that the operation is convenient, and the treatment effect is easy to control;
5) the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device is an integrated reactor of partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology, the unique cylindrical internal design structure of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device realizes the optimization of the flow field of the reactor and the internal automatic circulation, and the high-efficiency biological denitrification device has the characteristics of small occupied area, short flow, simplicity in operation and convenience in control.
In conclusion, the invention adopts zeolite as fluidized filler and activated carbon fiber as fixed fiber filler to adsorb ammonia nitrogen, optimize biological community structure and micro-ecological environment, promote enrichment function flora and strengthen anaerobic ammonia oxidation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process for high-efficiency biological denitrification of wastewater treatment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device partition.
Description of the figures
(1) Constant temperature system
(1-1), a water inlet of a constant temperature layer (1-2) and a water outlet of the constant temperature layer
(1-3), a thermostatic bath (1-4) and a thermostatic water bath layer
(2) Efficient biological denitrification device main body
(2-1), a water outlet (2-2) and a water inlet
(2-3), an air inlet (2-4) and a sludge discharge port
(2-5), a medicine adding port (2-6) and a fixed support
(2-7), an annular perforated medicine feeding pipe (2-8) and a fixed fiber filler I
(2-9), upper cylinder (2-10), lower inverted round table
(2-11), outer cylinder (2-12) and sludge pump
(3) Tubular fluid director
(3-1), a hollow cylinder I (3-2), and a fixing support I
(4) Inner cavity
(4-1), a fixed support II (4-2) and a fixed fiber filler II
(4-3) hollow Cylinder II
(5) Triangular fluid director
(5-1), a fixed support III (5-2) and a hollow guide cylinder
(6) Fluidized packing
(7) Settling pond
(7-1), a sedimentation tank water inlet (7-2) and a sedimentation tank water outlet
(7-3) sludge discharge port of sedimentation tank
(8) Water inlet system
(8-1), a substrate barrel (8-2) and a water inlet pump
(9) Aeration system
(9-1), air pump (9-2), gas flowmeter
(10) Medicine feeding system
(10-1), a medicine adding box (10-2) and a medicine adding pump
(11) Fixed fiber filler (12) and automatic control equipment
(13) A central upward flow area (14) and an outer downward flow area
(15) A peripheral water outlet area (16) and a fixed filling area
(17) Bottom water inlet aeration zone
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of specific examples.
A high-efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment mainly comprises a high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body (2), a sedimentation tank (7), a constant temperature system (1), a water inlet system (8), an aeration system (9) and a dosing system (10).
The constant temperature system (1) is composed of a constant temperature water bath layer (1-4), a constant temperature layer water inlet (1-1) (with the diameter of an orifice being 7mm) and a constant temperature layer water outlet (1-2) (with the diameter of an orifice being 7 mm).
The outer cylinder (2-11) consists of an upper cylinder (2-9) (290 mm high and 210mm diameter) and a lower inverted round table (2-10) (210 mm diameter of the upper bottom surface and 50mm diameter of the lower bottom surface and 60mm high); the upper cylinder (2-9) is provided with a water outlet (2-1) (the diameter of an orifice is 7mm), a chemical feeding port (2-5) (the diameter of the orifice is 7mm), a fixed fiber filler I (2-8) (the thickness is 30mm), an annular perforated chemical feeding pipe (2-7) (the pipe diameter is 5mm, the pore diameter is 1mm) and a fixed support (2-6); the water outlet (2-1) is arranged at a position 20mm away from the top end of the device; the medicine adding port (2-5) is arranged at a position 60mm away from the top end of the device; the annular perforated dosing pipe (2-7) is arranged along the inner wall of the upper cylinder; the fixed fiber filler I (2-8) is made of activated carbon fiber and is arranged at a position 32mm away from the top end of the device, and the height is 240 mm; the fixed supports (2-6) are provided with 3 groups, each group is 4, and the height of each group is 5mm, 195mm and 272mm away from the top end in sequence; the lower bottom surface of the lower inverted round table (2-10) is provided with a water inlet (2-2), the diameter of an orifice of the water inlet is 7mm, the diameter of an air inlet (2-3) is 7mm, and the diameter of an orifice of the sludge discharge port (2-4) is 7 mm; the air inlet (2-3) is positioned in the center of the bottom surface; the water inlet (2-2) is positioned at the 10mm position on the left side of the air inlet (2-3), extends into the triangular fluid director (5), and is mixed with the inlet air through a right-angle elbow; the sludge discharge port (2-4) is positioned at the position of 10mm on the right side of the air inlet (2-3). The cylindrical fluid director (3) consists of a hollow cylinder I (3-1) (with the height of 118mm and the diameter of 110mm) and a fixed bracket I (3-2); the distance between the top end of the hollow cylinder I (3-1) and the top end of the device is 7 mm; the fixed supports I (3-2) are arranged at positions 5mm away from the top end of the hollow cylinder I (3-1), and the number of the fixed supports I is 4; the inner cavity (4) consists of a fixed support II (4-1), a fixed fiber filler II (4-2) (with the thickness of 10mm) and a hollow cylinder II (4-3) (with the height of 200mm and the diameter of 50 mm); the fixed supports II (4-1) are arranged 15mm away from the top end of the hollow cylinder II (4-3), and the number of the fixed supports II is 4; the fixed fiber filler II (4-2) adopts activated carbon fiber and is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder II (4-3); the placing height of the hollow cylinder II (4-3) is 50mm from the top end of the device; the triangular fluid director (5) consists of a fixed bracket III (5-1) and a hollow guide cylinder (5-2); the hollow guide cylinder (5-2) consists of an upper end column body (with the height of 35mm and the diameter of 30mm) and a lower end platform body (with the upper bottom surface diameter of 30mm and the lower bottom surface diameter of 100mm and the height of 30mm), and the top end of the hollow guide cylinder (5-2) is horizontal to the bottom end of the inner cavity (4); the fixed supports III (5-1) are arranged 27mm away from the top end of the hollow guide cylinder (5-2), and the number of the fixed supports III is 4.
The fixed fiber filler (11) is selected to have a specific surface area of BET1000m2G, gram weight 120g/m2The activated carbon fiber of (2).
The fluidized filler (6) is prepared by grinding and crushing zeolite, sieving the ground zeolite by a standard sieve of 30-200 meshes, and then adding 10g/L of zeolite into the high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body (2); the zeolite and the mixed liquid are internally circulated in the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device; the zeolite has a density of less than 2.0g/cm3The specific surface area is 200 to 400m2Per g, pore volume of 0.0891cm3The adsorption capacity is 7.00-20.00 mg/g.
The annular perforated medicine feeding pipe (2-7) in the medicine feeding system (10) is arranged along the inner wall of the upper cylinder (2-9) and connected with the medicine feeding port (2-5), the pipe diameter is 5-10 mm, the pore diameter of the perforated pipe is 1-2 mm, and the fixed height of the annular perforated medicine feeding pipe (2-7) is located at 1/10-1/2 of the fixed fiber filler I (2-8); when the denitrification effect of the process is reduced to the total nitrogen removal rate of less than 50 percent, a dosing pump (10-2) is started, and the medicament is pumped into the high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body (2); the medicament is an intermediate product of anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and the dosage of the medicament is 1-5 mg/L.
The process adopts a self-control device (12) to monitor the concentration of suspended solids in the reactor; when the concentration of suspended solids in the process reactor is more than 60g/L, the automatic control equipment (12) starts the sludge discharge pump (2-12) to discharge sludge from the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device.
The high-efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment comprises the following steps:
1) the effective volume of the main body of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device is 4.86L; adding the fluidized filler into the main reactor according to the effective volume of the reactor, wherein the adding amount is 10g/L, and is 48.6 g;
2) fixing the fixed fiber filler on the inner wall of the device main body and the outer wall of the hollow cylinder;
3) 1.5L of nitrifying sludge of a sewage treatment plant is taken to be arranged in a main reaction device, and 1.5L of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge cultured and domesticated in a laboratory is taken to be inoculated on an activated carbon fiber fixed bed;
4) taking ammonium bicarbonate as a unique nitrogen source of inlet water, adding a trace element solution to prepare simulated sewage, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water is 46.5-53.8 mg/L, the pH value is 7.5-8.5, and the temperature is 32-36 ℃; the water pump is started to feed water from a water inlet at the bottom of the inverted round platform at the lower part of the device main body, sewage is pumped and then mixed with fluidized filler, mixed liquid flows into the inner side of the inner cavity from the inner side of the triangular fluid director after being aerated, flows out and then is guided by the hollow fluid director to flow downwards, then enters the inner side to realize internal circulation, and effluent flows into the sedimentation tank from the water outlet pipe and is finally discharged from the water outlet pipe at the upper end of the sedimentation tank;
5) aerating is started when water is fed, wherein the aeration amount is 37.04L of air/L, the hydraulic retention time is 6 hours, the dissolved oxygen concentration of an inner cavity is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of an activated carbon fiber fixed bed is controlled to be 0.05 mg/L;
6) after the device is started, the concentration of suspended solids in the reactor is monitored by adopting automatic control equipment. When the concentration of suspended solids in the reactor is more than 60g/L, the automatic control equipment starts a sludge discharge pump to discharge sludge from the main body of the device;
7) and respectively detecting ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen indexes of inlet and outlet water and suspended solid concentration by adopting a Nassner reagent spectrophotometry method, an alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry method and an infrared light scattering method, when the total nitrogen removal rate is less than 50%, starting a dosing pump by automatic control equipment to pump an intermediate product of anaerobic ammonia oxidation into the device main body, wherein the dosage is 1-5 mg/L.
After the continuous operation for 95 days, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen reach 89.7 percent and 73.5 percent respectively, and the operation performance is kept stable.
Claims (7)
1. A high-efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment is characterized in that: the process consists of a high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body (2), a sedimentation tank (7), a constant temperature system (1), a water inlet system (8), an aeration system (9) and a dosing system (10); the high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body (2) is composed of constant-temperature water bath layers (1-4), outer cylinders (2-11), a cylindrical fluid director (3), an inner cavity (4), a triangular fluid director (5), a fluidized filler (6), a fixed fiber filler (11) and a dosing system (10), and is divided into a bottom water inlet aeration area (17), a central upward flow area (13), an outer downward flow area (14), a peripheral water outlet area (15) and a fixed filler area (16) according to the structure and the functional characteristics of the device; the outer barrel (2-11) is formed by connecting an upper barrel (2-9) and a lower inverted round table (2-10), the upper barrel (2-9) is provided with a water outlet (2-1), a chemical feeding port (2-5), a fixed fiber filler I (2-8), an annular perforated chemical feeding pipe (2-7) and a fixed support (2-6), and the lower bottom surface of the lower inverted round table (2-10) is provided with a water inlet (2-2), an air inlet (2-3) and a sludge discharge port (2-4); the biological denitrification process for sewage treatment comprises the following steps:
1) filling the inside of the device body (2) with a fluidized packing (6);
2) the water inlet system pumps the sewage containing ammonia nitrogen from the water inlet (2-2), the sewage is mixed with the fluidized filler (6), the mixed liquid flows into the inner side of the inner cavity (4) from the inner side of the triangular fluid director (5) after being aerated at the bottom, then flows downwards under the action of the cylindrical fluid director (3), enters the inner side from the outer side of the inner cavity (4) to realize internal circulation, the outlet water flows into the sedimentation tank (7) through the water outlet (2-1), and finally is discharged from the water outlet (7-2) of the sedimentation tank;
3) the aeration system (9) pumps air into the center position of the inner part of the lower inverted round table (2-10) through an air pump (9-1);
4) the dosing system (10) pumps the medicament into the dosing port (2-5) through the dosing pump (10-2) to the annular perforated dosing pipe (2-7) and finally enters the device main body (2); the fluidization filler (6) added in the process is zeolite, and the fixed fiber filler (11) is activated carbon fiber; the device forms ascending airflow by aeration at the bottom to realize internal circulation; the process adds a medicament into the reactor through a medicament adding system (10) to enhance the denitrification effect.
2. The high efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein: the height-diameter ratio of an upper cylinder (2-9) of the device is 1.2-2; the height-diameter ratio of the hollow cylinder II (4-3) is 2-8.
3. The high efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein: the fluidized filler (6) is prepared by grinding and crushing zeolite, sieving the ground zeolite by a standard sieve of 30-200 meshes, and then adding 5-15 g/L of the fluidized filler into the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device; the specific surface area of the zeolite is 50-500 m2Per g, pore volume of 0.08-0.20 cm3The adsorption capacity is 7.00-20.00 mg/g.
4. The high efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed fiber filler (11) is made of activated carbon fiber; the specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber is BET 800-1200 m2(g) dry weight of 80-150 g/m2The thickness is 0.2-5 cm; the fixed fiber filler I (2-8) is fixed on the inner wall of the upper cylinder (2-9), and the placement height of the fixed fiber filler I (2-8) is 0.5-0.85 times of the height of the upper cylinder (2-9); the fixed fiber filler II (4-2) is fixed on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder II (4-3).
5. The high efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein: the process adopts an automatic control device (12) to monitor the concentration of suspended solids in the reactor; when the concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquid of the process reactor is more than 60g/L, the automatic control equipment (12) starts the sludge discharge pump (2-12) to discharge sludge of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body (2).
6. The high efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein: when the denitrification effect of the process is reduced to the total nitrogen removal rate of less than 50 percent, a dosing pump (10-2) is started to add the medicament into the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device; the agent is an intermediate product of anaerobic ammonia oxidation, perchloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hypobromous acid or nitrous acid, and the dosage is 1-5 mg/L; the annular opening medicine feeding pipe (2-7) in the medicine feeding system (10) is connected with the medicine feeding port (2-5), the pipe diameter is 5-10 mm, and the opening aperture is 1-2 mm.
7. The high efficiency biological denitrification process for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein: when the process is operated, nitrifying sludge with the volume of 20-60% of the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device and anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge with the volume of 20-60% of the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device are respectively inoculated into the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device, and then a reactor is started; the process water inlet is low-concentration ammonia nitrogen sewage, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the water inlet is 40-80 mg/L, and the HRT is 2-12 h; the internal temperature of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device main body (2) is kept at 25-40 ℃ during the process operation; the process adopts an air pump (9-1) for continuous aeration, and the aeration rate is 0-6 m3Air/m3The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the main body (2) of the high-efficiency biological denitrification device is 0-2 mg/L, and the pH value is 7-8.5.
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