CN210974099U

CN210974099U - Efficient biological denitrification device for sewage treatment

Info

Publication number: CN210974099U
Application number: CN201921747578.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈宏�; 王�泓; 熊鹰; 刘春华; 夏畅斌; 武海鹏; 陈婧; 吴军; 刘达山; 杨恩喆
Original assignee: Changsha University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Changsha University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-10-18
Filing date: 2019-10-18
Publication date: 2020-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficient biological denitrification device of sewage treatment. The device mainly comprises a constant-temperature water bath layer, an outer cylinder, a cylindrical fluid director, an inner cavity, a triangular fluid director, fluidized packing, fixed bed packing and a dosing system; according to the characteristics of the structure and the function of the device, the device is divided into a central upward flow area, an outer downward flow area, a bottom water inlet aeration area, a peripheral water outlet area and a fixed bed filling area; fixed bed packing is arranged on the inner wall of the outer barrel and the outer wall of the inner cavity, and fluidized packing is added into the device. The special structural design of the utility model optimizes the flow field of the reactor and realizes automatic circulation and zone control; the combination of the fluidized filler and the fixed bed filler improves the micro-ecological environment in the reactor, promotes the enrichment of functional flora, improves the biomass in the device, and realizes the efficient and stable operation of a partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process in low ammonia nitrogen concentration; the dosing system is started when the running performance of the device is reduced, and chemical agents are added to improve the denitrification effect. The utility model has the characteristics of compact structure, easy operation, short, the flow field of flow optimize, energy-conserving high-efficient and the operation is stable.

Description

Efficient biological denitrification device for sewage treatment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency biological denitrification device for sewage treatment.

Background

With the high-speed development of economy and the continuous promotion of urbanization process in China, the water environment problem is increasingly prominent. The discharge standard of the sewage treatment plant is from original first grade B to first grade A, and then to the present surface standard four types, which puts higher requirements on sewage treatment theory and technology, and the problem that the nitrogen concentration of the effluent does not reach the standard is generally solved. A. the²The conventional biological denitrification process such as the/O and oxidation ditch, which takes the nitrification-denitrification principle as the core, has high operation cost and difficult further improvement of denitrification efficiency. In contrast, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification technology has attracted attention because of its low carbon and energy saving, short process, high denitrification efficiency and small sludge amount.

The partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology utilizes the synergistic action of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria to realize nitrosation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation, thereby achieving the aim of denitrification. For municipal sewage with low ammonia nitrogen content, part of nitrosation process is difficult to control, intermediate product nitrite is extremely unstable, and can be easily oxidized into nitrate continuously, thereby influencing the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process of the next stage. Therefore, how to stabilize partial nitrosation in a low-concentration ammonia nitrogen environment, strengthen anaerobic ammoxidation and realize the high-efficiency and low-consumption denitrification advantages of the mainstream partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammoxidation technology becomes a key problem for the engineering wide application of the technology.

The biological filler has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, large specific surface area, high porosity and the like, can provide an attachment site for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms, and is a common improvement method for improving the microbial biomass in a reactor and strengthening the biological action at a certain stage in a process flow. In the treatment of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater, the fluidized filler with ammonia nitrogen adsorption performance is selected, and a local high-concentration environmental condition is formed by the adsorption effect of the filler on ammonia nitrogen, so that the micro-ecological environment is optimized, thereby being beneficial to the growth and accumulation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the inhibition of nitrite oxidizing bacteria and stabilizing part of the nitrosation process. By arranging the fixed fiber module filler, residual ammonia nitrogen can be adsorbed, sufficient matrix is provided for anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, an attachment place can be provided for anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, microbial biomass is improved, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process is further strengthened.

In conclusion, the low-ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment based on the high-efficiency low-consumption partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology has the problems of difficult process control and unstable operation performance. The fluidized filler and the fixed fiber module which have the adsorption effect on ammonia nitrogen and are favorable for microorganism adhesion are selected, so that nitrosation can be effectively stabilized, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process can be enhanced, and low-consumption stable operation of biological denitrification of low-ammonia nitrogen wastewater can be realized. Therefore, based on the thought, the invention provides the efficient biological denitrification device for sewage treatment, which realizes efficient and stable operation of a part of nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process in the device and has the characteristics of compact structure, optimized flow field, small occupied area, simple operation, low consumption and high efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems that the traditional biological denitrification process taking nitrification-denitrification as a core has large energy consumption, long flow path and low efficiency, and the biological denitrification process based on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology is difficult to control and has unstable operation performance, the invention provides the low-ammonia nitrogen wastewater biological denitrification device which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, optimized flow field, convenient operation, easy control, low energy consumption and stable long-term operation performance.

In order to solve the technical problems, the solution proposed by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a sewage treatment's high-efficient biological denitrification device which characterized in that: the device consists of a constant-temperature water bath layer, an outer cylinder, a cylindrical fluid director, an inner cavity, a triangular fluid director, fluidized packing, fixed bed packing and a dosing system; the device is divided into a bottom water inlet aeration zone, a central upward flow zone, an outer downward flow zone, a peripheral water outlet zone and a fixed filler zone.

The thickness of the constant-temperature water bath layer is 2-5 cm, and a constant-temperature layer water inlet and a constant-temperature layer water outlet are formed in the constant-temperature water bath layer.

The outer cylinder is formed by connecting an upper cylinder and a lower inverted circular table; the height-diameter ratio of the upper cylinder is 1.2-2, and the inner wall of the upper cylinder is provided with a fixed support, a water outlet, a dosing port, a fixed fiber filler I and an annular perforated dosing pipe; the upper bottom surface of the lower inverted round table is connected with the upper cylinder, the diameters of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are the same, the diameter of the lower bottom surface is 0.2-0.5 times of that of the upper cylinder, the height of the lower bottom surface is 1.2-2 times of that of the lower bottom surface, and the lower bottom surface is provided with a water inlet, an air inlet and a sludge discharge port; the fixed support is provided with 3 groups of fixed cylindrical fluid directors, inner cavities and triangular fluid directors, wherein the number of each group is 2-4; the fixed fiber filler I is made of activated carbon fibers and is placed along the inner wall from the lower part of the water outlet, the placement height is 0.5-0.85 times of the height of the upper cylinder, the thickness is 0.2-5 cm, and the specific surface area is BET 800-1200 m²(g) dry weight of 80-150 g/m²(ii) a The annular perforated dosing pipe in the dosing system is arranged along the inner wall of the upper cylinder and is connected with the dosing port, the pipe diameter is 5-10 mm, the aperture of the perforated hole is 1-2 mm, and the fixed height is located at 1/10-1/2 of the fixed fiber filler I and is horizontal to the dosing port; the clothesWhen the denitrification effect is reduced to the total nitrogen removal rate of less than 50%, starting a dosing system to dose a medicament; the medicament is hydroxylamine, perchloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hypobromous acid or nitrous acid; the air inlet is positioned in the center of the lower bottom surface of the inverted circular truncated cone; the water inlet is positioned at the position of 0.5-2 cm on the left side of the air inlet and extends into the triangular fluid director, and the inlet water and the inlet air are mixed through the right-angle elbow; the sludge discharge port is located at the position of 0.5-2 cm on the right side of the air inlet.

The cylindrical fluid director consists of a hollow cylinder I and a fixed bracket I; the diameter of the hollow cylinder I is 0.4-0.6 times of that of the upper cylinder; the fixed support I is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical fluid director, and the number of the fixed support I is 2-4.

The inner cavity consists of a hollow cylinder II, a fixed fiber filler II and a fixed support II; the height-diameter ratio of the hollow cylinder II is 2-8, and the height of the hollow cylinder II is 0.5-0.85 of that of the upper cylinder; the fixed fiber filler II is made of activated carbon fibers and is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder II, the thickness of the fixed fiber filler II is 0.2-5 cm, and the specific surface area of the fixed fiber filler II is BET 800-1200 m²(g) dry weight of 80-150 g/m²(ii) a The fixed support II is arranged on the outer wall of the inner cavity, and the number of the fixed support II is 2-4.

The triangular fluid director consists of a hollow guide cylinder and a fixed bracket III; the hollow guide cylinder is formed by connecting an upper end cylinder body and a lower end platform body, the upper end extends into the inner cavity and is level to the bottom end of the inner cavity, the diameter of the upper end face is 0.4-0.6 times of that of the cylinder of the inner cavity, the diameter of the lower end face is 2-4 times of that of the upper end face, and the height of the lower end face is 1.5-3 times of that of the upper end face; the fixed bolster III is located upper end cylinder outer wall, and quantity is 2~ 4.

The fluidized filler is zeolite crushed by a standard sieve with 30-200 meshes, and the specific surface area of the zeolite is 50-500 m²The adsorption capacity is 7.00-20.00 mg/g, and the pore volume is 0.08-0.20 cm³The pore diameter is 0.5-2.0 nm, and the dosage is 5-15 g/L.

Compared with the existing biological denitrification device, the invention has the following obvious advantages: (1) according to the invention, zeolite fluidized adsorbent is combined with an activated carbon fiber fixed bed, so that a part of nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process can stably operate in biological treatment of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater; by adding zeolite adsorbent, the adsorption effect of zeolite on ammonia nitrogen is utilized to form local high ammonia nitrogen concentration in the environment of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater, so that the growth and enrichment of ammonia oxidizing bacteria are promoted, nitrite oxidizing bacteria are inhibited, and the stable operation of part of nitrosation process is realized; by designing the activated carbon fiber fixed bed, a large amount of residual ammonia nitrogen can be adsorbed, sufficient matrix is provided for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, the activated carbon fiber has the characteristics of large surface area and high affinity, and can provide a growing attachment or settlement condition for the growth and the propagation of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, so that a biological membrane with a strong purification activity function is formed, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification effect can be enhanced; (2) the method is based on a partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological denitrification technology, does not need an additional carbon source, has small aeration quantity and low energy consumption, is not easy to lose sludge, and can maintain higher sludge concentration; (3) the invention realizes the optimization of the flow field of the reactor and the automatic circulation of the interior by utilizing the water inlet aeration at the lower end of the device and the unique cylindrical internal design structure; (4) according to the anaerobic ammonium oxidation device, the dosing point is specially arranged in the device, aiming at the process characteristic that the performance of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process is automatically reduced after the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process is operated for a period of time in practical application, when the water outlet effect is deteriorated, a proper amount of chemical agent can be added to inhibit the growth of nitrite oxidizing bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria; (5) the invention is an integrated reactor of partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology, the two-stage reaction is synchronously completed in one reactor, and the invention has the characteristics of small occupied area, short flow, simple operation and convenient control.

In conclusion, the zeolite fluidized adsorbent and the activated carbon fiber fixed bed are utilized to adsorb ammonia nitrogen and attach microorganisms, so that the microbial ecological environment is optimized, and the microbial biomass is improved; the unique design structure optimizes the flow field in the device and realizes automatic circulation; the design of the dosing point can adjust the running state in time under the condition of performance reduction; can realize the efficient and stable operation of partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and has the characteristics of compact structure, low energy consumption, convenient operation, easy control and stable long-term operation performance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency biological denitrification device for sewage treatment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer cylinder.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical flow deflector.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the lumen structure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a triangular flow director.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of device partitioning.

Description of the figures

(1) Constant temperature water bath layer	(1-1) water inlet of constant temperature layer
		(1-2) water outlet of constant temperature layer	(2) Outer cylinder
(2-1) water outlet	(2-2) water inlet
		(2-3) air intake	(2-4) sludge discharge port
(2-5) medicine adding port	(2-6) fixing support
		(2-7) annular perforated dosing tube	(2-8) fixing fibrous Filler I
(2-9) Upper Cylinder	(2-10) lower rounding table
		(3) Tubular fluid director	(3-1)、Hollow cylinder I
(3-2) fixing support I	(4) Inner cavity
		(4-1) fixing support II	(4-2) fixing fibrous Filler II
(4-3) hollow Cylinder II	(5) Triangular fluid director
		(5-1) fixing bracket III	(5-2) hollow draft tube
(6) Fluidized packing	(7) Fixed bed packing
		(8) Medicine feeding system	(9) Bottom water inlet aeration zone
(10) Central upward flow zone	(11) Outer downward flow area
		(12) Peripheral water outlet area	(13) Fixed packing area

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-6, a high-efficiency biological denitrification device for sewage treatment is manufactured, and the device mainly comprises a constant-temperature water bath layer (1) (with the thickness of 20 mm), an outer cylinder (2), a cylindrical fluid director (3), an inner cavity (4), a triangular fluid director (5), fluidized fillers (6), fixed bed fillers (7) and a dosing system (8).

The constant temperature water bath layer (1) is provided with a constant temperature layer water inlet (1-1) (with the diameter of an orifice being 7 mm) and a constant temperature layer water outlet (1-2) (with the diameter of an orifice being 7 mm).

The outer cylinder (2) consists of an upper cylinder (2-9) (290 mm in height and 210mm in diameter) and a lower inverted round table (2-10) (210 mm in diameter of an upper bottom surface and 50mm in diameter of a lower bottom surface and 60mm in height); the upper cylinder (2-9) is provided with a water outlet (2-1) (the diameter of an orifice is 7 mm), a chemical feeding port (2-5) (the diameter of the orifice is 7 mm), a fixed fiber filler I (2-8) (the thickness is 30 mm), an annular perforated chemical feeding pipe (2-7) (the pipe diameter is 5mm, the pore diameter is 1 mm) and a fixed support (2-6); the water outlet (2-1) is arranged at a position 20mm away from the top end of the device; the medicine adding port (2-5) is arranged at a position 60mm away from the top end of the device; the annular perforated dosing pipe (2-7) is arranged along the inner wall of the upper cylinder; the fixed fiber filler I (2-8) adopts an activated carbon fiber bundle, is arranged at a position 32mm away from the top end of the device and has a height of 240 mm; the fixed supports (2-6) are provided with 3 groups, each group is 4, and the height of each group is 5mm, 195mm and 272mm away from the top end in sequence; the lower bottom surface of the lower inverted round table (2-10) is provided with a water inlet (2-2) (with the diameter of an orifice of 7 mm), an air inlet (2-3) (with the diameter of an orifice of 7 mm) and a sludge discharge port (2-4) (with the diameter of an orifice of 7 mm); the air inlet (2-3) is positioned in the center of the bottom surface; the water inlet (2-2) is positioned at the 10mm position on the left side of the air inlet (2-3), extends into the triangular fluid director (5), and is mixed with the inlet air through a right-angle elbow; the sludge discharge port (2-4) is positioned at the position of 10mm on the right side of the air inlet (2-3).

The cylindrical fluid director (3) consists of a hollow cylinder I (3-1) (with the height of 118mm and the diameter of 110 mm) and a fixed bracket I (3-2); the distance between the top end of the hollow cylinder I (3-1) and the top end of the device is 7 mm; the fixed supports I (3-2) are arranged at positions 5mm away from the top end of the hollow cylinder I (3-1), and the number of the fixed supports I is 4.

The inner cavity (4) consists of a fixed support II (4-1), a fixed fiber filler II (4-2) (with the thickness of 10 mm) and a hollow cylinder II (4-3) (with the height of 200mm and the diameter of 50 mm); the fixed supports II (4-1) are arranged 15mm away from the top end of the hollow cylinder II (4-3), and the number of the fixed supports II is 4; the fixed fiber filler II (4-2) adopts an activated carbon fiber bundle and is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder II (4-3); the hollow cylinder II (4-3) is arranged at a height 50mm from the top end of the device.

The triangular fluid director (5) consists of a fixed bracket III (5-1) and a hollow guide cylinder (5-2); the hollow guide cylinder (5-2) consists of an upper end column body (with the height of 35mm and the diameter of 30 mm) and a lower end platform body (with the upper bottom surface diameter of 30mm and the lower bottom surface diameter of 100mm and the height of 30 mm), and the top end of the hollow guide cylinder (5-2) is horizontal to the bottom end of the inner cavity (4); the fixed supports III (5-1) are arranged 27mm away from the top end of the hollow guide cylinder (5-2), and the number of the fixed supports III is 4.

The fluidized filler (6) is prepared by selecting zeolite which is crushed by a standard sieve with a size of 30-200 meshes and has a specific surface area of 200-400 m²The adsorption capacity is 7.00-20.00 mg/g, and the pore volume is 0.08-0.20 cm³And/g, the aperture is 0.5-2.0 nm, and the zeolite fluidized adsorbent is added according to the dosage of 10 g/L.

Example 2

The efficient biological denitrification device based on the fluidized filler and the fixed fiber filler is used for simulated wastewater treatment in embodiment 1, ammonium bicarbonate is used as a unique water inlet nitrogen source, a trace element solution is added for simulated wastewater preparation, the concentration of inlet ammonia nitrogen is 46.5-53.8 mg/L, the pH is = 7.5-8.5, the temperature is 32-36 ℃, the effective volume of the device is designed to be 4.86L, the fluidized filler is zeolite, and the fluidized filler is crushed through a 30-200-mesh standard sieve, and the specific surface area is 265m²Per g, pore volume of 0.15cm³The pore diameter is 1.68nm, the adsorption capacity is 15.7mg/g, and the adding amount is 48.6 g; the fixed fiber filler has a specific surface area of BET1000m²G, gram weight 120g/m²Taking 1.5L g of nitrified sludge and 48.6g of zeolite fluidized adsorbent in a sewage treatment plant, inoculating 1.5L of acclimatized anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge in a laboratory into an activated carbon fiber fixed bed, starting a water pump to feed water, keeping the hydraulic retention time for 6 hours, simultaneously starting aeration, controlling the aeration amount to be 0.5L/min, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of an inner cavity to be 0.3-0.5 mg/L and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the activated carbon fiber fixed bed to be 0.05 mg/L, continuously operating for 95 days, respectively achieving 89.7 percent and 73.5 percent of removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen, and keeping the operating performance stable.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency biological denitrification device for sewage treatment is characterized by comprising a constant-temperature water bath layer (1), an outer cylinder (2), a cylindrical fluid director (3), an inner cavity (4), a triangular fluid director (5), fluidized fillers (6), fixed bed fillers (7) and a dosing system (8); the device is divided into a bottom water inlet aeration zone (9), a central upward flow zone (10), an outer downward flow zone (11), a peripheral water outlet zone (12) and a fixed filler zone (13); the constant-temperature water bath layer (1) is provided with a constant-temperature layer water inlet (1-1) and a constant-temperature layer water outlet (1-2); the outer barrel (2) is formed by connecting an upper barrel (2-9) and a lower inverted round table (2-10), the upper barrel (2-9) is provided with a water outlet (2-1), a medicine feeding port (2-5), fixed fiber fillers I (2-8), an annular perforated medicine feeding pipe (2-7) and a fixed support (2-6), the lower bottom surface of the lower inverted round table (2-10) is provided with a water inlet (2-2), an air inlet (2-3) and a sludge discharge port (2-4), the air inlet (2-3) is positioned in the center of the bottom surface, the water inlet (2-2) is positioned on one side of the lower inverted round table and extends into the triangular fluid director (5), and the water inlet and the air inlet are mixed through a right-angle elbow; the cylindrical fluid director (3) consists of a hollow cylinder I (3-1) and a fixed bracket I (3-2) on the outer wall; the inner cavity (4) is composed of a fixed support II (4-1), a fixed fiber filler II (4-2) and a hollow cylinder II (4-3); the triangular fluid director (5) is composed of a fixed support III (5-1) and a hollow guide cylinder (5-2).

2. The high-efficiency biological denitrification device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the upper cylinder (2-9) is 1.2-2; the height-diameter ratio of the hollow cylinder II (4-3) is 2-8.

3. The efficient biological denitrification device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein the fixed fiber filler I (2-8) and the fixed fiber filler II (4-2) are activated carbon fibers, and the specific surface area is BET 800-1200 m²(g) dry weight of 80-150 g/m²The thickness is 0.2-5 cm; the fixed fiber filler I (2-8) is placed along the inner wall of the upper cylinder (2-9) from the lower part of the water outlet, and the placement height is 0.5-0.85 times of the height of the upper cylinder (2-9); the fixed fiber filler II (4-2) is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder II (4-3).

4. The efficient biological denitrification device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein the annular perforated dosing pipe (2-7) in the dosing system (8) is arranged along the inner wall of the upper cylinder (2-9) and connected with the dosing port (2-5), the pipe diameter is 5-10 mm, the hole diameter is 1-2 mm, and the annular perforated dosing pipe (2-7) is positioned at 1/10-1/2 of the fixed fiber filler I (2-8); when the denitrification effect of the device is reduced to the total nitrogen removal rate of less than 50%, starting a dosing system (8) to dose a medicament; the agent is hydroxylamine, perchloric acid, hypochlorous acid, hypobromous acid or nitrous acid.

5. The efficient biological denitrification apparatus for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized filler (6) is zeolite crushed by a standard sieve of 30-200 mesh and has a specific surface area of 50-500 m²The adsorption capacity is 7.00-20.00 mg/g, and the pore volume is 0.08-0.20 cm³The pore diameter is 0.5-2.0 nm, and the dosage is 5-15 g/L.