CN110681834B - Square billet continuous casting crystallizer and cooling method - Google Patents
Square billet continuous casting crystallizer and cooling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110681834B CN110681834B CN201911071794.XA CN201911071794A CN110681834B CN 110681834 B CN110681834 B CN 110681834B CN 201911071794 A CN201911071794 A CN 201911071794A CN 110681834 B CN110681834 B CN 110681834B
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- crystallizer
- cooling water
- water tank
- cooling
- continuous casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a square billet continuous casting crystallizer and a cooling method, the square billet continuous casting crystallizer comprises a crystallizer body, a first cooling water channel is arranged in the pipe wall of the crystallizer body, a water tank is arranged at the periphery of the crystallizer body at a position corresponding to a molten steel impact area on the inner surface of the crystallizer body, an annular cooling area is formed between the water tank and the outer surface of the crystallizer body, a cooling water jacket is sleeved outside the periphery of the crystallizer body below the water tank, and a gap-type cooling water channel is formed between the cooling water jacket and the outer surface of the crystallizer body. The invention can effectively solve the problem of insufficient cooling capacity of the high-pulling-speed crystallizer; the problem of overhigh local temperature of the crystallizer caused by the fact that molten steel rapidly impacts the inner surface of the crystallizer at a high pulling speed can also be avoided, the gap-type cooling water channel is only arranged in the molten steel impact area and the area below the impact area, and the cooling water channel is not arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the crystallizer, so that the problem of overhigh temperature of the upper part of the crystallizer due to deeper molten steel impact depth in the crystallizer at the high pulling speed is effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of continuous casting, and particularly relates to a square billet continuous casting crystallizer and a cooling method.
Background
At present, energy conservation and synergy become main pursuit targets in the steel industry. The high-speed continuous casting technology is a key technology for realizing endless rolling, and has obvious economic benefit. At present, the pulling speed of the domestic billet continuous casting machine is generally between 2.0 and 3.5m/min; if the pulling speed of the billet continuous casting machine is increased to 5m/min or even 7m/min, the cooling capacity of the original billet crystallizer obviously cannot meet the requirement of the process on the cooling capacity of the crystallizer under the high pulling speed. If the cooling capacity of the crystallizer is insufficient, the problems of steel leakage, blank breakage and the like are easy to occur in the high-pulling-speed production process of the small square billet continuous casting machine. Meanwhile, a molten steel direct flushing area exists on the inner surface of the crystallizer, the copper wall temperature of the crystallizer in the area is often higher, the deformation of the crystallizer is easy to cause, and the service life of the crystallizer is influenced. In addition, at high drawing rates, the temperature at the top of the crystallizer tends to be low because of poor activity of the molten steel level. In view of the above, there is a need to develop a crystallizer with high efficiency and adjustable cooling capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a billet continuous casting mold, which solves the problems of slow cooling speed, excessively high local temperature in the middle and lower parts of the mold, low temperature at the top of the mold, etc. existing in the high-drawing-rate continuous casting process in the prior art.
To achieve the above object and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a square billet continuous casting crystallizer, includes the crystallizer body, be provided with first cooling water course in the pipe wall of crystallizer body, the periphery of crystallizer body is provided with the water tank with the position that the molten steel impact zone of crystallizer body internal surface corresponds, form annular cooling area between the surface of water tank and crystallizer body, the periphery of crystallizer body is located the below overcoat cooling water jacket of water tank, form gap type cooling water course between cooling water jacket and the surface of crystal body.
Optionally, the upper end of the cooling water jacket is connected with the water tank, and the top of the slit-type cooling water channel is communicated with the annular cooling area.
Optionally, the cooling water jacket extends from the water tank to an outlet of the crystallizer body.
Optionally, the first cooling gallery is supplied with water independently of the water tank.
Optionally, the distance between the water tank and the molten steel level of the crystallizer body is 1/4 to 1/2 of the length of the crystallizer body.
Optionally, the water tank is arranged at a position at a distance of 1/3 of the length of the crystallizer body from the molten steel level of the crystallizer body.
Optionally, the cooling water tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, and a valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe.
Optionally, the water inlet of the cooling water tank is arranged on the outer arc side of the crystallizer body.
Optionally, the water tank is square or round in cross section.
Optionally, the cooling water jacket is connected with the water tank into a whole, and the upper end of the water tank is hung on the outer wall of the crystallizer body or welded with the outer wall of the crystallizer body.
The invention also provides a cooling method of the square billet continuous casting crystallizer, when the pulling speed of the continuous casting crystallizer is less than 4m/min, only the first cooling water channel is adopted for cooling; when the pulling speed of the continuous casting crystallizer is more than or equal to 4m/min, the first cooling water channel, the annular cooling area and the gap cooling water channel are adopted for cooling simultaneously; the water tank and the first cooling water channel are independently supplied with water, and the cooling water entering from the water tank flows into the gap-type cooling water channel after being buffered by the annular cooling area.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention arranges a first cooling water channel in the wall of the crystallizer pipe; meanwhile, a gap-type cooling water channel is arranged on the outer wall of the crystallizer, and the gap-type cooling water channel is only arranged in the area below the molten steel impact area of the crystallizer. The double cooling water channels are arranged, so that the cooling capacity of the crystallizer can meet the process requirements under the condition of high pulling speed of square billets; meanwhile, when the water tank and the slit type water channel are not started, the crystallizer can also be used for continuous casting of billets at low drawing speed. The water tank is arranged at the position of the crystallizer corresponding to the molten steel impact area, so that the problem of overhigh local temperature of the crystallizer caused by the fact that molten steel rapidly impacts the inner surface of the crystallizer at a high pulling speed can be effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the gap type cooling water channel is only arranged in the area below the molten steel impact area, and the cooling water channel is not arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the crystallizer, so that the problem that the temperature of the upper part of the crystallizer is too low due to the fact that the molten steel impact depth in the crystallizer is deeper at high pulling speed is effectively avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention (omitting the water tank);
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the molten steel.
Description of the part reference numerals
1-a crystallizer body; 2-a first cooling water channel; 3-a water tank; 4-a cooling water jacket; 5-a water inlet pipeline; 6-valve; 7-an annular cooling zone; 8-gap type cooling water channel.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
It should be understood that the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like are used in this specification for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of limitation, and that the invention may be practiced without materially departing from the novel teachings and without departing from the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a billet continuous casting crystallizer in this embodiment includes a crystallizer body 1, a first cooling water channel 2 is disposed in a pipe wall of the crystallizer body 1, the first cooling water channel 2 penetrates through the pipe wall of the crystal body along a length direction of the crystal body, an upper end of the first cooling water channel 2 is a water inlet, and a lower end of the first cooling water channel is a water outlet; the key point is that a water tank 3 and a cooling water jacket 4 are arranged on the periphery of the crystallizer body 1, the position of the water tank 3 on the crystal body corresponds to a molten steel impact area on the inner surface of the crystallizer body 1, an annular cooling area is formed between the water tank 3 and the outer surface of the crystallizer body 1, and cooling water in the water tank 3 is directly contacted with the outer wall of the crystallizer body 1 for cooling; the cooling water jacket 4 is connected below the water tank 3, namely below the molten steel impact area, and an annular gap-shaped cooling water channel 8 is formed between the cooling water jacket 4 and the outer surface of the crystal body.
The upper end of the cooling water jacket 4 is connected with the bottom of the water tank 3, and the top of the slit-type cooling water channel 8 is communicated with the annular cooling area.
The invention arranges a first cooling water channel 2 in the wall of the crystallizer pipe; meanwhile, a gap type cooling water channel 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the crystallizer, and the gap type cooling water channel is only arranged in the area below the molten steel impact area of the crystallizer. The double cooling water channels are arranged, so that the cooling capacity of the crystallizer can meet the process requirements under the condition of high pulling speed of square billets; meanwhile, when the water tank 3 and the gap type cooling water channel 8 are not started, the crystallizer can also be used for continuous casting of billets at low drawing speed. The water tank 3 is arranged at the position of the crystallizer corresponding to the molten steel impact area, so that the problem of overhigh local temperature of the crystallizer caused by the fact that molten steel impacts the inner surface of the crystallizer rapidly at high pulling speed can be effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the gap type cooling water channel 8 is only arranged in the area below the molten steel impact area, and the cooling water channel is not arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the crystallizer, so that the problem that the temperature of the upper part of the crystallizer is too low due to the fact that the molten steel impact depth in the crystallizer is deeper at high pulling speed is effectively avoided.
The cooling water jacket 4 extends from the water tank 3 to the outlet of the crystallizer body 1 and only wraps the outer side of part of the crystallizer pipe wall; ensuring the cooling effect of the lower part of the crystallizer.
The first cooling water channel 2 is circular or square, etc., the pipe wall of the crystallizer body 1 is copper, the first cooling water channel 2 and the water tank 3 are separately and independently supplied with water, so that the water tank 3 is conveniently started and stopped to be controlled, wherein the water tank 3 and the slit type cooling water channel 8 are uniformly supplied with water, the cooling water is accessed by a water inlet of the water tank 3, flows into the slit type cooling water channel 8 after entering an annular cooling area, the water tank 3 is mainly used for rapidly cooling a molten steel impact area of the crystallizer body 1, and the slit type cooling water channel 8 is mainly used for cooling the middle and lower parts of the crystallizer body 1.
In this example, the water inlet of the cooling water tank 3 is disposed on the outer arc side of the crystallizer body 1, and since the outer arc side is greatly impacted by the molten steel, water is fed from the outer arc side, so that cooling of the outer arc side can be enhanced.
In one embodiment, the water tank 3 is connected with a water inlet pipe 5, the water inlet pipe 5 is connected with a water inlet, and a valve 6 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 5 and used for controlling opening, closing, size and the like. The water tank 3 is square or circular in cross-section, in this case illustrated as square.
The distance between the water tank 3 and the molten steel liquid level of the crystallizer is 1/4 to 1/2 of the length of the crystallizer body 1, namely, the water tank 3 is arranged in any area of the crystallizer body 1, which is 1/4 to 1/2 of the molten steel inlet, so long as the cooling effect on the molten steel impact area is ensured.
In this case, the water tank 3 is disposed at a position 1/3 of the length of the mold body 1 from the level of the mold molten steel.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of molten steel, wherein it can be seen that the temperature at the molten steel inlet is not the highest, but is the highest at a position of a certain distance of molten steel penetrating into the liquid surface, namely the molten steel impact area, and after impact, part of the molten steel impact area is downward, and part of the molten steel returns; the impact on the inner surface of the crystallizer is greater in this zone, resulting in a crystallizer where the temperature is higher.
Under the condition of higher square billet pulling speed, the impact depth of molten steel in the crystallizer is deeper, and the flow rate of the molten steel is higher; in order to avoid higher temperature of the crystallizer in the molten steel impact area, the invention is provided with a water tank 3 at the position of the crystallizer corresponding to the molten steel impact area. Meanwhile, under the condition of higher square billet pulling speed, the impact depth of molten steel in the crystallizer is deeper, the fluctuation of the liquid level is smaller, and the upper part of the crystallizer is easy to be supercooled. Therefore, the slit-type cooling water channel 8 is provided only in the region below the molten steel impact region of the mold.
In one embodiment, the cooling water jacket 4 is integrally connected with the water tank 3, the upper end of the water tank 3 is hung or welded on the outer wall of the crystallizer body 1, and a space for containing cooling water is formed between the cooling water jacket and the outer wall of the crystallizer. Wherein, the water tank 3 is annularly arranged at the periphery of the crystallizer body 1 to form an annular cavity, so that the buffer of cooling water can be realized, and the water tank 3 can also be called a water jacket, a container, a shell and the like.
The invention also provides a cooling method of the square billet continuous casting crystallizer, when the pulling speed of the continuous casting crystallizer is less than 4m/min, only the first cooling water channel 2 is adopted for cooling; when the pulling speed of the continuous casting crystallizer is more than or equal to 4m/min, the first cooling water channel 2, the annular cooling area and the gap type cooling water channel 8 are adopted for cooling simultaneously; the water tank 3 and the first cooling water channel 2 are independently supplied with water, and the cooling water entering from the water tank 3 flows into the gap-type cooling water channel 8 after being buffered by the annular cooling area.
When the billet continuous casting speed is low, such as the conventional 2.0-3.5m/min; the slit cooling watercourse 8 and the valve 6 in front of the water tank 3 are closed and cooled only by the first cooling watercourse 2 running through the mould. When the continuous casting speed of the square billets is increased, such as high speed of 4m/min, 5m/min and even 7m/min, a valve 6 of a water inlet pipeline 5 in front of the slit type water channel and in front of the water tank 3 is opened; at this time, the first cooling water passage 2, the water tank 3 and the slit-type cooling water passage 8 cool the mold.
The double cooling water channels are arranged, so that the cooling capacity of the crystallizer can meet the process requirements under the condition of high pulling speed of square billets; meanwhile, by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 6 of the water inlet pipeline 5, the crystallizer can also be used for continuous casting of billets at low drawing speed. In addition, the annular water tank 3 is arranged at the position of the crystallizer corresponding to the molten steel impact area, so that the problem of overhigh local temperature of the crystallizer caused by the fact that molten steel impacts the surface of the crystallizer rapidly at a high pulling speed can be effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the gap type cooling water channel 8 is only arranged in the area below the molten steel impact area of the crystallizer, so that the problem that the upper temperature of the crystallizer is too low due to the fact that the molten steel surface is inactive due to the fact that the molten steel impact depth in the crystallizer is deeper at high pulling speed is effectively avoided.
The invention is suitable for the working condition of low pulling speed and is also suitable for rapid cooling of the crystallizer under the working condition of high pulling speed.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a square billet continuous casting crystallizer, includes the crystallizer body, be provided with first cooling water course in the pipe wall of crystallizer body, its characterized in that: a water tank is arranged at the periphery of the crystallizer body and at a position corresponding to the molten steel impact area on the inner surface of the crystallizer body, an annular cooling area is formed between the water tank and the outer surface of the crystallizer body, a cooling water jacket is sleeved outside the periphery of the crystallizer body below the water tank, and a gap type cooling water channel is formed between the cooling water jacket and the outer surface of the crystal body; the upper end of the cooling water jacket is connected with the water tank, and the top of the gap-type cooling water channel is communicated with the annular cooling area; the water inlet of the water tank is arranged on the outer arc side of the crystallizer body.
2. The billet continuous casting mold according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling water jacket extends from the water tank to an outlet of the crystallizer body.
3. The billet continuous casting mold according to claim 1, wherein: the first cooling water channel and the water tank are independently supplied with water.
4. The billet continuous casting mold according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the water tank and the molten steel level of the crystallizer body is 1/4 to 1/2 of the length of the crystallizer body.
5. The billet continuous casting mold according to claim 4, wherein: the water tank is arranged at a position which is 1/3 of the length of the crystallizer body from the liquid level of the molten steel of the crystallizer body.
6. The billet continuous casting mold according to claim 1, wherein: the water tank is connected with a water inlet pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the water inlet pipeline.
7. The billet continuous casting mold according to claim 1, wherein: the section of the water tank is square or round.
8. The billet continuous casting mold according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling water jacket is connected with the water tank into a whole, and the upper end of the water tank is hung on the outer wall of the crystallizer body or welded with the outer wall of the crystallizer body.
9. A method of cooling a billet continuous casting mold according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized by: when the pulling speed of the continuous casting crystallizer is less than 4m/min, cooling by using only the first cooling water channel; when the pulling speed of the continuous casting crystallizer is more than or equal to 4m/min, the first cooling water channel, the annular cooling area and the gap cooling water channel are adopted for cooling simultaneously; the water tank and the first cooling water channel are independently supplied with water, and the cooling water entering from the water tank flows into the gap-type cooling water channel after being buffered by the annular cooling area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911071794.XA CN110681834B (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Square billet continuous casting crystallizer and cooling method |
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| CN201911071794.XA CN110681834B (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Square billet continuous casting crystallizer and cooling method |
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| CN110681834A CN110681834A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
| CN110681834B true CN110681834B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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| CN113695540A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-11-26 | 首钢水城钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Cooler for crystallizer in ferrous metallurgy |
| CN115007817A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 济南东方结晶器有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-pulling-speed crystallizer with cooling water guide holes |
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| CN205887997U (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2017-01-18 | 燕山大学 | Alloying metal horizontal continuous casting casting blank form quality crystallization control ware |
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| DE102017217263A1 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-03-28 | Sms Group Gmbh | continuous casting |
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| CN1145287A (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1997-03-19 | 联合金属公司 | Method of lubricating walls of mould for continuous casting of metals and mould for its implementation |
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