CN110679994B - Cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method - Google Patents
Cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110679994B CN110679994B CN201911132709.6A CN201911132709A CN110679994B CN 110679994 B CN110679994 B CN 110679994B CN 201911132709 A CN201911132709 A CN 201911132709A CN 110679994 B CN110679994 B CN 110679994B
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000233874 Cuphea platycentra Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/16—Classifying or aligning leaves
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method, which comprises the following steps: classifying the tobacco leaves for the first time according to the colors of the eggplant core tobacco leaves; on the basis of the first classification, performing second classification on the tobacco leaves according to the nicotine content of the eggplant core tobacco leaves; and performing differential fermentation according to the categories of the second classification aiming at each category. The method provided by the invention starts from the quality difference of the cigar core tobacco leaves, classifies the tobacco leaves according to the color and nicotine content of the tobacco leaves, applies different fermentation conditions according to different classification categories, purposefully improves the sensory quality defects of each type of cigar core tobacco leaves, improves the aroma quality, the smoke comfort and the aftertaste purity of the cigar core tobacco leaves, enables the fermentation quality of the cigar core tobacco leaves to be more uniform and stable, and provides raw material support for the next application to products with different price points.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco processing,
in particular, the invention relates to a cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method.
Background
Before the cigar core is applied to industry, the cigar core needs further fermentation, so that the contained substances are decomposed and converted, the coordination of all chemical components is balanced, the quality of aroma is improved, the miscellaneous gas is reduced, the irritation is reduced, and the overall smoking quality of the tobacco leaves is improved.
At present, the secondary fermentation of the cigar core tobacco leaves in China mainly adopts a stacking fermentation method, the water content of the cigar tobacco leaves is required to be 25-40%, and the tobacco leaves are stacked into a tobacco pile with the width of 2 m, the height of 1.5 m, the length of 4-5 m and the distance from the ground of about 0.3 m. Cigar core tobacco fermentation is a process in which the ingredients are drastically changed. Before fermentation, the tobacco leaves of the cigar cores are different in color, yellow brown, red brown and the like, the nicotine content is 4-7%, the total amount of neutral aroma components is 288-. The appearance quality and the chemical components of the eggplant core tobacco leaves are greatly different. The existing fermentation technology adopts a set of technical standards to carry out fermentation, the quality of the fermented eggplant core is different, the fermentation mainly focuses on the technical key in aspects of stacking mode, moisture content, fermentation temperature and the like, and the targeted fermentation treatment is carried out according to the quality difference existing in the quality of the eggplant core tobacco leaf raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for classified fermentation of cigar core tobacco leaves, which performs classified fermentation according to the quality difference of the cigar core tobacco leaves.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method comprises the following steps:
classifying the tobacco leaves for the first time according to the colors of the eggplant core tobacco leaves;
on the basis of the first classification, performing second classification on the tobacco leaves according to the nicotine content of the eggplant core tobacco leaves;
and performing differential fermentation according to the categories of the second classification aiming at each category.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and after the secondary classification, performing sensory evaluation on each category according to the category of the secondary classification, and performing differentiated fermentation on each category according to the sensory evaluation result.
Preferably, the first classification includes the following three classes: yellow-brown tobacco leaves, brown tobacco leaves and russet tobacco leaves.
Preferably, the nicotine content is at a cut-off of 4%, and the second classification includes the following six classes:
the first type: yellow brown tobacco leaf with nicotine content not less than 4%;
the second type: tawny tobacco leaves, nicotine content < 4%;
in the third category: brown tobacco leaves, the nicotine content is more than or equal to 4 percent;
the fourth type: brown tobacco leaf, nicotine content < 4%;
the fifth type: red brown tobacco leaf with nicotine content not less than 4%;
the sixth type: reddish brown tobacco leaf, nicotine content < 4%.
Preferably, the first type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are: the total weight of the stack is 800-1000 Kg, the water content is 40-45%, the stack turning temperature is 55-60 ℃, and the fermentation period is 105-110 days;
the second type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 800-1000 Kg, the water content is 45-50%, the stack turning temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the fermentation period is 125-130 days;
the third type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 500-600 Kg, the water content is 30-35%, the stack turning temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the fermentation period is 65-70 days;
the fourth type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 500-600 Kg, the water content is 35-40%, the stack turning temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the fermentation period is 85-90 days;
the fermentation conditions of the fifth type tobacco leaves are as follows: 300-350 Kg of total weight of the stack, 25-30% of water content, 40-45 ℃ of stack turning temperature and 55-60 days of fermentation period;
the sixth type tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 300-350 Kg, the water content is 30-35%, the stack turning temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the fermentation period is 75-80 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
the method provided by the invention starts from the quality difference of the cigar core tobacco leaves, classifies the tobacco leaves according to the color and nicotine content of the tobacco leaves, applies different fermentation conditions according to different classification categories, purposefully improves the sensory quality defects of each type of cigar core tobacco leaves, improves the aroma quality, the smoke comfort and the aftertaste purity of the cigar core tobacco leaves, enables the fermentation quality of the cigar core tobacco leaves to be more uniform and stable, and provides raw material support for the next application to products with different price points.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) classifying the tobacco leaves for the first time according to the colors of the eggplant core tobacco leaves;
(2) on the basis of the first classification, performing second classification on the tobacco leaves according to the nicotine content of the eggplant core tobacco leaves;
(3) and performing differential fermentation according to the categories of the second classification aiming at each category.
Specifically, in the first classification, there may be classified into a yellow-brown tobacco leaf, a brown tobacco leaf, and a russet tobacco leaf according to the color of the cigar core tobacco leaf.
In the second classification, the tobacco leaves can be classified into the following six types again by combining with the tobacco leaf color classification according to whether the nicotine content in the tobacco leaves is more than 4 percent: the first type: yellow brown tobacco leaf with nicotine content not less than 4%;
the second type: tawny tobacco leaves, nicotine content < 4%;
in the third category: brown tobacco leaves, the nicotine content is more than or equal to 4 percent;
the fourth type: brown tobacco leaf, nicotine content < 4%;
the fifth type: red brown tobacco leaf with nicotine content not less than 4%;
the sixth type: reddish brown tobacco leaf, nicotine content < 4%.
The tobacco leaves of different classification categories have different appearance qualities and different inherent chemical compositions, and if the same fermentation standard is adopted for fermentation, the final fermentation quality is different and cannot reach the optimal fermentation state of the tobacco leaves, so that the uniformity and the stability of the quality of the fermented tobacco leaves are influenced, and the subsequent rolling of the cigar cores is not facilitated. The invention aims to overcome the defect that the traditional cigar core tobacco leaf fermentation adopts the same set of fermentation standard, and performs targeted and differentiated fermentation treatment on tobacco leaves of different classification types, specifically, the first type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 800-1000 Kg, the water content is 40-45%, the stack turning temperature is 55-60 ℃, and the fermentation period is 105-110 days;
the second type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 800-1000 Kg, the water content is 45-50%, the stack turning temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the fermentation period is 125-130 days;
the third type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 500-600 Kg, the water content is 30-35%, the stack turning temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the fermentation period is 65-70 days;
the fourth type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 500-600 Kg, the water content is 35-40%, the stack turning temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the fermentation period is 85-90 days;
the fermentation conditions of the fifth type tobacco leaves are as follows: 300-350 Kg of total weight of the stack, 25-30% of water content, 40-45 ℃ of stack turning temperature and 55-60 days of fermentation period;
the sixth type tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 300-350 Kg, the water content is 30-35%, the stack turning temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the fermentation period is 75-80 days.
The method provided by the invention starts from the quality difference of the cigar core tobacco leaves, classifies the tobacco leaves according to the color and nicotine content of the tobacco leaves, applies different fermentation conditions according to different classification categories, purposefully improves the sensory quality defects of each type of cigar core tobacco leaves, improves the aroma quality, the smoke comfort and the aftertaste purity of the cigar core tobacco leaves, enables the fermentation quality of the cigar core tobacco leaves to be more uniform and stable, and provides raw material support for the next application to products with different price points.
Preferably, the cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method of the present invention may further comprise the steps of: and after the secondary classification, performing sensory evaluation on each category according to the category of the secondary classification, and performing differentiated fermentation on each category according to the sensory evaluation result. The sensory evaluation result can be further used as a basis for selecting fermentation conditions, so that the fermentation conditions can be conveniently and pertinently selected, and the quality of the cigar core tobacco leaves is pertinently improved.
The following is a further description with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the color of the eggplant core tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves are divided into yellow brown tobacco leaves, brown tobacco leaves and russet tobacco leaves;
(2) on the basis of the step (1), the tobacco leaves are classified into the following 6 types according to the nicotine content of the eggplant core tobacco leaves:
(3) performing primary sensory evaluation on the 6 types of tobacco leaves, wherein the sensory quality evaluation is as follows:
(4) according to the sensory quality evaluation result, performing differentiated fermentation treatment on the 6 types of tobacco leaves respectively, wherein the specific fermentation conditions are as follows:
example 2
It differs from example 1 in that the following fermentation conditions are employed in step (4):
example 3
It differs from example 1 in that the following fermentation conditions are employed in step (4):
example 4
It differs from example 1 in that the following fermentation conditions are employed in step (4):
the tobacco leaves subjected to fermentation treatment in the above example 1 are subjected to sensory evaluation again, and the sensory quality evaluation is as follows:
after different types of cigar core tobacco leaves are purposefully subjected to differential fermentation treatment, the different types of cigar core tobacco leaves are improved in aroma quality, smoke comfort and pure aftertaste. According to different sensory evaluation of different types of core tobacco leaves, the method can be applied to cigar rolling with different grades and different price points, and the economic benefit of the cigar is improved.
The sensory scoring was performed on the tobacco leaves subjected to the classified fermentation treatment in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention according to the GB5606.4-2005 standard, and the results are shown in the following table.
Sensory evaluation results show that the comprehensive scores of the tobacco leaves of the cigar cores fermented in different categories in the examples 1 to 4 are all over 75 points, wherein the comprehensive scores of the tobacco leaves of the 1 category, the 4 category, the 5 category and the 6 category are all over 85 points, and the method is suitable for preparing cigar cigarettes of the same category; the 2-class and 3-class tobacco leaves are suitable for preparing second-class and third-class cigar cigarettes.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
classifying the tobacco leaves for the first time according to the colors of the eggplant core tobacco leaves;
on the basis of the first classification, performing second classification on the tobacco leaves according to the nicotine content of the eggplant core tobacco leaves;
according to the categories of the second classification, performing differentiated fermentation aiming at each category;
the first classification includes the following three classes: yellow-brown, brown and russet tobacco leaves;
the nicotine content is at a cut-off of 4%, and the second classification includes the following six classes:
the first type: yellow brown tobacco leaf with nicotine content not less than 4%;
the second type: tawny tobacco leaves, nicotine content < 4%;
in the third category: brown tobacco leaves, the nicotine content is more than or equal to 4 percent;
the fourth type: brown tobacco leaf, nicotine content < 4%;
the fifth type: red brown tobacco leaf with nicotine content not less than 4%;
the sixth type: russet tobacco leaf, nicotine content < 4%;
the first type of tobacco leaves are fermented under the following conditions: the total weight of the stack is 800-1000 Kg, the water content is 40-45%, the stack turning temperature is 55-60 ℃, and the fermentation period is 105-110 days;
the second type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 800-1000 Kg, the water content is 45-50%, the stack turning temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the fermentation period is 125-130 days;
the third type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 500-600 Kg, the water content is 30-35%, the stack turning temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the fermentation period is 65-70 days;
the fourth type of tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 500-600 Kg, the water content is 35-40%, the stack turning temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the fermentation period is 85-90 days;
the fermentation conditions of the fifth type tobacco leaves are as follows: 300-350 Kg of total weight of the stack, 25-30% of water content, 40-45 ℃ of stack turning temperature and 55-60 days of fermentation period;
the sixth type tobacco leaf fermentation conditions are as follows: the total weight of the stack is 300-350 Kg, the water content is 30-35%, the stack turning temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the fermentation period is 75-80 days.
2. The cigar filler tobacco classified fermentation method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and after the secondary classification, performing sensory evaluation on each category according to the category of the secondary classification, and performing differentiated fermentation on each category according to the sensory evaluation result.
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| CN105192878A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-30 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for fermenting cigar filling leaves |
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| CN108433167A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-24 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of cigar coating tobacco leaf method for sorting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9999892B2 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2018-06-19 | Drsw, Llc | Method and apparatus of processing whole tobacco plants |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN105029665A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-11-11 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparing method of burley tobacco and flue-cured tobacco grafted tobacco |
| CN105192878A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-30 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for fermenting cigar filling leaves |
| CN105935148A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-14 | 四川烟叶复烤有限责任公司 | Automated tobacco re-drying homogenizing system |
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