CN110678619B - Intelligent window and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Intelligent window and driving method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110678619B
CN110678619B CN201880022388.1A CN201880022388A CN110678619B CN 110678619 B CN110678619 B CN 110678619B CN 201880022388 A CN201880022388 A CN 201880022388A CN 110678619 B CN110678619 B CN 110678619B
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China
Prior art keywords
air
blocking member
smart window
frame
unit
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CN201880022388.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110678619A (en
Inventor
林贤哲
金锺旭
闵重基
金灿
李承勋
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Amogreentech Co Ltd
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Amogreentech Co Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020170044205A external-priority patent/KR102359553B1/en
Priority claimed from KR1020170044203A external-priority patent/KR102347868B1/en
Priority claimed from KR1020170044204A external-priority patent/KR102347869B1/en
Priority claimed from KR1020170052210A external-priority patent/KR102440957B1/en
Application filed by Amogreentech Co Ltd filed Critical Amogreentech Co Ltd
Publication of CN110678619A publication Critical patent/CN110678619A/en
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Publication of CN110678619B publication Critical patent/CN110678619B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
    • E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
    • E06B7/28—Other arrangements on doors or windows, e.g. door-plates, windows adapted to carry plants, hooks for window cleaners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smart window having an insect net function for increasing ventilation amount by using a membrane filter capable of blocking fine particulate matter, etc., having a PM2.5 or less, and a method for driving the same. The smart window of the present invention is characterized by comprising: a blocking member formed in a plate shape having a predetermined area and blocking passage of particulate matter in the outside air; a cover plate which is arranged at a distance from the blocking member so as to form a staying space in which air passing through the blocking member stays; a support frame having a through portion at a center thereof, the blocking member and the cover plate being supported at outer and inner sides of the through portion, respectively, an accommodating space being formed at an outer side of the retention space, and an outlet port for discharging air flowing from the accommodating space into a room being provided at the support frame; and a blower provided in the housing space and configured to generate a suction force by which outside air is sucked into the blocking member, passes through the retention space and the housing space, and is discharged to the outlet.

Description

Intelligent window and driving method thereof
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a window, and more particularly, to a smart window and a driving method thereof, which can increase ventilation amount by using a nanofiber integrated filter having fine pores of a three-dimensional lattice structure, which can block fine particles of pm (particulate matter)2.5 or less.
Background
Recently, an environmental insect net capable of blocking fine pollutants such as yellow sand dust has been proposed.
For example, the photocatalyst and the water repellent are applied to or impregnated into a metal mesh, a glass mesh, or a woven mesh. However, although such an environmental insect net may have an effect of blocking invasion of pests, there is a limitation in removing fine particulate matter of PM2.5 or less.
On the other hand, when a window is opened for indoor ventilation, the window cannot be opened because inflow of dust, rainwater, or the like into the room cannot be blocked. To solve this problem, system windows have been developed.
In general, a system window functions to guide external light into a room and appropriately ventilate indoor air, and functions to maintain indoor cooling and heating effects by blocking indoor heat flow and outdoor heat flow in a closed state.
In such a system window, when ventilating the room, the window is opened to perform natural ventilation or a method of performing forced ventilation by a separate forced ventilation device is used, and the former method is mainly used in general households.
However, the method of ventilating the interior by opening the window has a problem that dust in outdoor air, various harmful insects, pollen and other pollutants flow into the interior, and is not preferable because the window cannot be opened in rainy or foggy days. Therefore, conventionally, an openable and closable ventilation device is provided in a part of the sash frame to achieve ventilation and heat insulation.
Further, when the ventilator is not used by using an air cleaner or the like, inflow of fresh air from the outside into the room is prevented, and there is a problem that ventilation is insufficient.
A ventilator or a filter (or an insect net) installed in a window of a general system can block particulate matter, pollen, insects, etc. having large particles, but cannot block fine particulate matter, pathogenic bacteria, odor, etc. having a PM of 2.5 or less.
A natural ventilation type film capable of blocking fine particles of PM2.5 or less has a problem that the size of pores is reduced, and the ventilation amount of air flowing into a room is reduced by a natural ventilation method, thereby reducing ventilation efficiency.
In the past, a multifunctional window system has been proposed, that is, a system including: a frame in which an indoor window and an outdoor window are installed; air suction and exhaust devices which are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces or the left and right surfaces of the frame in a mutually opposite mode; and the air supply devices are respectively arranged between the air suction and exhaust devices and the frame.
However, the above-mentioned air suction/discharge device is provided with an opening/closing means for opening/closing a flow path of the air suction/discharge hole by power, and in order to control the opening/closing means for setting an indoor inflow flow path of the outside air by passing through a filter provided in a narrow flow path, a plurality of motors are required, and there is a problem that a filter having a sufficient size cannot be used as the filter is provided in the narrow flow path. Finally, when a filter having a small area is used to supply sufficient fresh air into the room, the operation time of the blower motor is increased, the operation cycle is shortened, and the maintenance cost may be increased.
Further, in the multifunction window system, dust and foreign matter adsorbed by the filter cannot be automatically cleaned by the operation of the filter, and there is a problem that manual work is required.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof, which increase ventilation amount by using a membrane filter using a nanofiber web therein and a large-area membrane filter and a forced ventilation structure in order to block fine particles, pathogenic bacteria, odor, and the like of PM2.5 or less.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof, which can extend the life of a membrane filter and supply good air into a room by automatically and periodically self-cleaning the membrane filter.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof, which can remind a user to replace a filter actively or periodically by measuring air pressure or negative pressure applied to a membrane filter.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof that can automatically control a forced ventilation time and period for ventilating outside air and indoor air by measuring indoor air pollution.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof, which can improve air purification performance by improving filtering performance of particulate matter having small particles by using a nanofiber web as a filter by directly purifying outdoor air and supplying the same to a room through being installed at a window frame, thereby simultaneously performing ventilation and air purification.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof that facilitates use as a filter replacement period is increased by providing a filter cleaning function to periodically clean a filter and constantly maintain filtering performance.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof, which can perform an air purifying function while maintaining window characteristics by supplying purified outdoor air into a room while ensuring light transmission and a visual field.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof, which can be installed not only in a window frame but also in an existing exhaust duct, an exhaust port, or an exhaust device provided with a heat exchange device, thereby improving interchangeability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a smart window and a driving method thereof, which can prevent noise from being generated by performing a natural ventilation mode at night and increase ventilation by performing a forced air supply mode at daytime by having two modes, i.e., a natural ventilation mode and a forced air supply mode.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a smart window provided with an air purification system having an outdoor air purification function of directly purifying outdoor air and supplying the same to a room, and an indoor air purification function of purifying indoor air, and a driving method thereof.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a smart window provided with an air purification system and a driving method thereof, in which the window can be controlled to be transparent and opaque according to a user's selection by providing the smart window.
Means for solving the problems
According to a first feature of the present invention, a smart window of the present invention is characterized by comprising: a blocking member formed in a plate shape having a predetermined area and blocking passage of particulate matter in the outside air; a cover plate which is arranged at a distance from the blocking member so as to form a staying space in which air passing through the blocking member stays; a support frame having a through portion at a center thereof, the blocking member and the cover plate being supported at outer and inner sides of the through portion, respectively, an accommodating space being formed at an outer side of the retention space, and an outlet port for discharging air flowing from the accommodating space into a room being provided at the support frame; and a blower provided in the housing space and configured to generate a suction force by which outside air is sucked into the blocking member, passes through the retention space and the housing space, and is discharged to the outlet.
In the smart window according to the present invention, the blower may be driven when the indoor air pollution level exceeds a reference value.
The blower may be driven when the indoor illuminance exceeds a reference value.
In particular, the self-cleaning of the barrier member may be performed when the negative pressure applied to the barrier member when the blower is driven exceeds a reference value.
The smart window of the present invention may further include a rolling shutter device for partially blocking the outflow port when the blocking member is self-cleaned, and in the self-cleaning of the blocking member, as the blower is driven in a state where the outflow port is partially blocked by the rolling shutter device, an air current flowing backward from the room to the blocking member through the housing space and the staying space may be generated through the outflow port.
In the self-cleaning of the barrier member, the impact may be applied to the barrier member by driving the blower at a variable speed or by generating a shock wave airflow by applying a pulse-type driving voltage.
The above-mentioned rolling shutter device may include: a movable rolling curtain which blocks or opens the outflow port by moving up and down; and a driving member for moving the movable roller shutter up and down.
The drive member may be a solenoid actuator.
Further, the driving member may be provided with: a rack formed with a plurality of gears; and a pinion gear coupled to the rack gear to move the rack up and down.
The support frame may include: a first frame disposed at an indoor side, having a penetration portion formed at a center thereof to be coupled to the cover plate, and having the outlet port formed therein; a second frame disposed outside the chamber, having a through-hole coupled to a blocking member at the center thereof, and disposed opposite to the first frame; an inner spacer provided between the first frame and the second frame and having an inflow port for communicating the staying space with the accommodating space; and an outer spacer disposed at a predetermined distance from the inner spacer and forming the receiving space.
The blocking member may include: a first blocking member for blocking insects or pests; and a second blocking member attached to the first blocking member for blocking particulate matter in the outside air.
The second blocking member may be a membrane filter capable of filtering out fine particulate matter of PM2.5 or less.
The membrane filter may include: a nanofiber web forming three-dimensional fine pores by aggregating nanofibers; and a porous support, wherein the nanofiber web is laminated on one side or both sides, and supports the nanofiber web.
In the membrane filter, the nanofiber web may have a thickness of 1 to 5 μm and an air permeability of 10 to 20 cfm.
The smart window of the present invention may further include a heater disposed on the cover plate, and configured to exchange heat with cold outside air when the temperature of the outside air is lower than a set temperature set by a user or a temperature difference between the temperature of the outside air and an indoor temperature is greater than a set value.
The heater may be a strip-shaped planar heating element made of a metal thin film or a strip of an amorphous ribbon having a resistivity of 1 or more.
According to another feature of the present invention, a driving method of a smart window according to the present invention includes: a step of judging whether the indoor illuminance value is daytime or nighttime based on the detected indoor illuminance value; a step of measuring the indoor pollution degree under the condition that the judgment result is daytime and judging whether the measured pollution degree exceeds a pollution degree reference value; and a step of driving the blower and discharging the outside air filtered of the particulate matter in the process of passing through the blocking member into the room through the outlet port when the measured contamination degree exceeds the contamination degree reference value as a result of determination obtained by the determination.
The driving method of the smart window of the present invention may further include: measuring the negative pressure applied to the blocking member to determine whether the negative pressure exceeds a negative pressure reference value; and a step of driving the rolling shutter device to drive the blower and clean the blocking member in a state of blocking only a part of the outflow port when the judgment result shows that the measured negative pressure exceeds the negative pressure reference value.
In the driving of the blower, the blower may be driven at a variable speed to form a regular air flow, thereby applying an impact to the blocking member.
In the above-described driving of the blower, the impact is applied to the baffle member by generating the shock wave airflow by applying the pulse-type driving voltage.
In particular, the method for driving a smart window according to the present invention may further include the step of driving a heater provided in the cover plate when the temperature of the outside air when the blower is driven is lower than a set temperature set by a user or a temperature difference between the temperature of the outside air and the indoor temperature is greater than a set value.
According to a second feature of the present invention, a smart window comprises: a frame mounted to the window frame; a window unit installed at one side of the frame for ensuring light transmission and view; and an air purifying unit installed at the other side of the frame for purifying outdoor air and supplying the purified outdoor air to the indoor.
The air purification unit may include: a cover fixed to the other side of the frame, having an air inlet formed in a front surface thereof for allowing outdoor air to flow therein, and having an air supply port formed in an upper surface thereof for supplying air into the room; an air supply unit installed inside the housing for generating air supply pressure; and a filter unit mounted on the front surface of the housing so as to be exposed to the outside, for filtering outdoor air.
The present invention may further include a cleaning unit provided inside the housing to remove dust stuck to a surface of the filter unit, the cleaning unit may include: an injection nozzle provided inside the housing for injecting air toward the filter unit; an air channel connected between the air supply unit and the injection nozzle for supplying the injection nozzle with air supply pressure generated by the air supply unit; an opening/closing valve provided in the air passage and configured to open and close the air passage; and a control unit for controlling the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the air supply unit and controlling the opening and closing valve. In this case, the control unit may be provided with a timer so that the cleaning unit is started when the set time has elapsed.
The above filter unit may comprise: a filter member having a plurality of pores formed by an electrospinning method; and a support member mounted on an edge of the filter member to support the filter member. In this case, the support member is made of a resin material and is fused to the edge of the filter member.
The filter member may be formed of a porous nano-web, and the porous nano-web may be prepared by mixing a polymer material capable of being electrospun and a solvent at a predetermined ratio to prepare a spinning solution, and electrospinning the spinning solution to prepare nanofibers, and depositing the nanofibers to form the porous nano-web having fine pores.
The diameter of the nanofiber can be in the range of 0.5-3 μm, and the average pore size can be in the range of 0.2-10 μm.
A water repellent coating layer can be formed on the surface of the porous nano-mesh.
The strength-reinforcing layer may be formed by laminating a strength-reinforcing layer for reinforcing the strength of the porous nanoweb on the surface of the porous nanoweb, and the strength-reinforcing layer may be formed by mixing a pigment, a strength-reinforcing binder and a solvent at a predetermined ratio and coating the mixture on the surface of the porous nanoweb.
The filter member may include: a porous base material having a plurality of pores formed therein; and a porous nanomesh laminated on one or both surfaces of the porous base material, and formed with a plurality of pores by an electrospinning method. In this case, the porous base material may be a thermally bonded nonwoven fabric, a thermally compressed nonwoven fabric, a chemically bonded nonwoven fabric, an air-laid nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric having air holes, or a mesh network.
According to a third feature of the present invention, a smart window comprises: a housing having an air inlet formed in a front surface thereof disposed outdoors for sucking outdoor air and an air supply port formed in a rear surface thereof disposed indoors for supplying air indoors; an air supply unit mounted on the outer cover for forcibly pushing air; and a filter unit mounted on the housing, formed of a porous nano-mesh, for filtering particulate matter.
The housing may have a protection part formed on a front surface thereof for protecting the filter unit exposed to the outside, an open rear surface positioned on an indoor side, and a rail part formed on an outer surface thereof for installing the housing on a window frame or a ventilation opening.
The air supply unit may include: a motor fixed to the housing; a blade unit attached to a drive shaft of the motor; and a guide member provided on a front surface of the blade section, for protecting the blade section and guiding air into the room.
According to a fourth feature of the present invention, a smart window comprises: a frame having an opening part penetrating through the center thereof, an air inlet for allowing air to flow into the front panel positioned outdoors, and an air supply port for supplying air to the indoor space formed in the rear panel positioned indoors; a window unit mounted on the opening of the frame; a filter unit disposed at the air inlet to purify outdoor air; and an air supply unit provided at the air supply port and forcibly pushing air into the room.
An air passage is formed in the frame to seal and separate the opening and allow air to pass therethrough, an air inlet is formed in the edge of the front panel to communicate with the air passage, and an air supply port may be formed in the corner of the rear panel.
The above filter unit may comprise: a filter member attached to each of the plurality of air supply ports and having a plurality of air holes formed by an electrospinning method; and a support member attached to an edge of the porous nanomesh to support the filter member.
The filter element can be formed in a pleated configuration to increase the contact area with the air.
According to a fifth feature of the present invention, a smart window includes: a frame mounted on the window frame and having a space formed therein; a filter unit installed at an air inflow port formed at a front panel of the frame, the front panel being disposed outdoors, for purifying air; an air blowing unit provided at an air supply port formed in a rear panel of the frame, the rear panel being disposed indoors, the air blowing unit being configured to forcibly blow air; and a door mounted on an opening formed on a rear panel of the frame, wherein a natural ventilation mode is formed when the opening is opened, and a forced air blowing mode is formed when the opening is closed.
The air inlet is formed through the center of the front panel of the frame, the air supply port is formed at the corner of the rear panel of the frame, and the opening formed in the rear panel may face the air inlet.
A partition plate is installed in the frame, the partition plate partitions between the air supply port and the opening of the rear panel, and a passage for passing air is formed in the partition plate.
According to a sixth feature of the present invention, a smart window provided with an air purification system includes: a frame mounted to the window frame; a window unit installed at one side of the frame to ensure light transmission and visual field and to control transparency and opacity; and an air cleaning unit installed at the other side of the frame for realizing an outdoor air cleaning mode for cleaning outdoor air and supplying the air to the indoor and an indoor air cleaning mode for cleaning indoor air and supplying the air to the indoor.
The window unit may include: a light transmittance adjusting part which is arranged on the glass window arranged on the frame and converts the glass window into transparent or non-transparent by controlling the light transmittance of the glass window; and a control part for controlling the transparency of the glass window by adjusting the voltage applied to the light transmittance adjusting part.
The air purification unit may include: a housing fixed to the frame; an air inflow panel mounted on a front surface exposed to the outside of the housing, for allowing outdoor air to flow in; a first air supply unit and a second air supply unit which are mounted on a rear surface of the housing located indoors and supply purified air indoors; filter units respectively mounted on the first air supply part and the second air supply part for purifying air; air supply units respectively mounted on the first air supply part and the second air supply part for forcibly pushing air; an opening and closing unit for opening and closing the air inflow panel; and a control unit for switching to an outdoor air purification mode for purifying the outdoor air and supplying the purified outdoor air to the indoor and an indoor air purification mode for purifying the indoor air by control.
The opening and closing unit may include: a drive motor; a plurality of opening/closing blades rotatably attached to the air inflow panel at predetermined intervals to open and close the air inflow panel; first pinions attached to the opening/closing blades, respectively; a rack gear engaged with the first pinion gear; and a second pinion gear fixed to a drive shaft of the drive motor and engaged with the rack gear.
An outside air quality sensor for measuring the air quality of the outside air may be attached to the front surface of the housing, and a first display unit for displaying the outside air quality may be attached to the rear surface of the housing.
An indoor air quality sensing part for measuring indoor air quality and a second display part for displaying the indoor air quality according to the signal applied to the indoor air quality sensing part can be arranged on the rear surface of the outer cover.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
As described above, according to the present invention, a membrane filter using a nanofiber web therein is used for blocking fine particulate matter, pathogenic bacteria, odor, etc. of PM2.5 or less, and the ventilation amount can be increased by using a large-area membrane filter and a forced ventilation structure. Finally, the indoor air can be maintained in a clean state with little maintenance cost.
Further, according to the present invention, the membrane filter is automatically and periodically self-cleaned, so that the life of the membrane filter is prolonged and good air can be supplied to the room.
In particular, the present invention can provide an intelligent function of informing a user of a cleaning and replacement cycle of a filter by measuring air pressure applied to a membrane filter, and automatically controlling a forced ventilation time and cycle for ventilating outside air and indoor air by measuring a degree of indoor air pollution.
Further, according to the present invention, in the forced ventilation process of ventilating the outside air and the indoor air, the temperature of the outside air is measured, and if the temperature is lower than the reference temperature set by the user, the hot wire heater provided in the cover plate is activated to allow the heat-exchanged air to flow into the room.
According to the present invention, the air purification system is provided to the window frame to directly purify outdoor air and supply the same to the indoor, thereby simultaneously performing ventilation and air purification, and the filtering performance of particulate matter having small particles can be improved by using the nanofiber web as a filter, so that the air purification performance can be improved.
Also, by providing a filter cleaning function to periodically clean the filter and constantly maintain the filtering performance, the use is facilitated as the filter replacement period is increased.
In addition, the air purification function can be performed while maintaining the characteristics of the window by supplying the purified outdoor air to the indoor space while ensuring the light transmission and the visual field.
Further, the present invention can be provided not only in the window frame but also in an existing exhaust duct, an exhaust port, or an exhaust device provided with a heat exchanger, thereby improving interchangeability.
Further, by having two modes, i.e., a natural ventilation mode and a forced air blowing mode, it is possible to prevent noise from being generated by executing the natural ventilation mode at night and increase ventilation volume by executing the forced air blowing mode at daytime.
According to the present invention, the air purification system has an outdoor air purification function of directly purifying outdoor air and supplying the outdoor air to the indoor space and an indoor air purification function of purifying indoor air, thereby improving air purification performance.
And, through setting up the smart window, can be according to user's selection with the window control transparent and opaque.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a view illustrating front and rear surfaces of a smart window having an insect net function according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2a is an exploded perspective view of the smart window shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 2b is a partially exploded perspective view of the rear face of the smart window shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 2c is a partially exploded perspective view of the front face of the smart window shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a view briefly showing a flow direction of air in a normal mode of the smart window of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a view schematically showing a flow direction of air in a filter washing mode of the smart window according to the present invention.
Fig. 6a and 6b are views for explaining the ascending and descending states of the movable roller blind according to the rack and pinion driving method when the smart window is in the normal mode and the filter washing mode, respectively.
Fig. 7a and 7b are views for briefly explaining the ascending and descending states of the movable roller blind according to the solenoid actuator driving method when the smart window is in the normal mode and the filter washing mode, respectively.
Fig. 8 is a schematic control block diagram of a smart window of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart for explaining a driving method of a smart window according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the smart window of the present invention applied to an individual window.
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a smart window according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the smart window shown in fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the smart window shown in fig. 11.
Fig. 14 is a structural view of a cleaning unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a control block diagram of a cleaning unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16a and 16b are perspective views of a filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is an enlarged view of a porous nanomesh according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 18 is an enlarged view of a porous nanomesh according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a filter element according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view of a filter element according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 21 and 22 are perspective views of the front and rear surfaces of a smart window according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 23 is an exploded perspective view of the smart window shown in fig. 21.
Fig. 24 is a sectional view of the smart window shown in fig. 21.
Fig. 25 is a perspective view of the front surface of a smart window according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 26 is a perspective view of a rear surface of a smart window according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 27 is an exploded perspective view of the smart window shown in fig. 25.
Fig. 28 is a sectional view of the smart window shown in fig. 25.
Fig. 29 is a perspective view of the front surface of a smart window according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 30 is a perspective view of a rear surface of a smart window according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 31 is an exploded perspective view of the smart window shown in fig. 29.
Fig. 32 is an operation state diagram showing a state in which a door is opened in the smart window of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 33 is an operation state diagram showing a state where the door is closed in the smart window of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 34 is a front view of a smart window provided with an air purification system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 35 is a rear front view of a smart window provided with an air purification system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 36 is a control block diagram of a window unit of a smart window according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 37 is a sectional view of an air cleaning unit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 38 is a structural view of an opening/closing unit provided in an air supply plate according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 39 is a control block diagram of an air cleaning unit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The above objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below with reference to the accompanying drawings, whereby it will be easier for those skilled in the art to embody the technical idea of the present invention.
First, as shown in fig. 1 to 2c, the smart window 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention forms a bilaterally symmetric structure including a blocking member 110, a cover plate 120, and a support frame 130.
In the case where the blocking member 110 is provided with the fine pores 112b capable of blocking fine particles of PM2.5 or less, the smart window 100 of the present invention adopts a forced ventilation structure in order to increase the ventilation amount of the fresh outside air flowing into the room, and therefore, the pair of blowers 140a, 140b are disposed in the housing spaces 137a, 137b formed at both side edges of the support frame 130.
The support frame 130 is generally formed in a rectangular or square shape, and a rectangular or square through hole 130a is provided in the center thereof. The shapes of the support frame 130 and the through hole 130a may be determined according to the shape of the window frame or the window sash unit.
The blocking member 110 and the cover plate 120 have the same shape and the same size, and have a shape corresponding to the through hole 130a of the support frame 130.
The blocking member 110 not only prevents insects or vermin from passing but also blocks particles contained in the outside air. Therefore, the blocking member 110 is formed in a plate shape having a predetermined area and can be supported by the support frame 130. The blocking member 110 may include a first blocking member 111 and a second blocking member 112, and the second blocking member 112 may be attached to at least one surface of the first blocking member 111.
For example, the first blocking member 111 may be a known mesh net for preventing insects or vermin from passing therethrough, and the second blocking member 112 may be a Nanofiber net (Nanofiber Web).
That is, the barrier member 110 suitable for the present invention includes a first barrier member 111 and a second barrier member 112 laminated or bonded to the first barrier member 111, the first barrier member 111 is formed in a mesh net form generally used for blocking insects or vermin, and the second barrier member 112 is formed in a nanofiber net form having fine pores, and functions as a film Filter (Membrane Filter) capable of blocking particles contained in the outside air, unlike the conventional insect-proof net.
In addition, in the smart window 100 capable of blocking particulate matter according to the present invention, even if the second blocking member 112 forms a nanofiber mesh having fine pores, the first blocking member 111 in a mesh form maintains its shape, and thus the coupling property with the support frame 130 can be improved.
In the present invention, the first barrier member 111 is formed in a lattice shape having a plurality of through holes 111a by arranging a plurality of metal lines to cross each other. However, the form of the first blocking member 111 is not limited thereto, and the material and structure of the first blocking member 111 may be those of mesh nets used in all known insect nets.
The first blocking member 111 may be formed of a material such as metal, plastic, or wood so as to be able to withstand wind and rain, and may be provided in a form that can be installed in a window frame or a window sash unit (see fig. 10) to be described later so as to protect the second blocking member 112 from external environments such as wind and rain.
The first blocking member 111 may be formed in a mesh, net, filament, lattice, or other form. Also, the first blocking member 111 may be formed as an anti-insect net or an anti-theft window provided to the system window separately from the second blocking member 112, as needed.
For example, the mesh, net, or filament-shaped first barrier member 111 may be provided by embedding silver wires or metal wires inside or outside during the production of the second barrier member 112 or the nanofiber web, and may be provided with an antibacterial or sterilizing function.
The second blocking member 112 of the present invention may be used by being attached to an existing system window provided with an anti-insect net, or may be used alone without being provided to the system window.
In the case of a single window, it is assumed that the window can be opened and closed by swinging up and down or left and right or sliding when ventilation is to be performed naturally.
The second barrier member 112 may be a nanofiber web forming a three-dimensional lattice structure such that the nanofibers 112a are formed with the fine pores 112 b. As long as the nanofiber web layer having a three-dimensional network structure of fine pores can be formed by spinning, any known nanofiber can be used.
In this case, in the nanofiber web, the fine pores 112b have a relatively smaller size than the through holes 111a so as to block particles. For example, the average pore diameter of the fine pores of the nanofiber web may be 10 μm. However, the average pore diameter of the fine pores is not limited thereto, and the pore size may be less than 2.5 μm or less so that fine particulate matter of PM2.5 or less can be blocked. The size of the fine pores formed in the nanofiber web may be appropriately changed according to the size of the particulate matter to be blocked.
In the present invention, the second barrier member 112 may be a single-layer nanoweb, or may be a laminate of a plurality of nanowebs. The second barrier member 112 may be in the form of a porous support having a nanofiber web attached to one surface or both surfaces thereof, a single-layer porous support, or a combination of a plurality of porous supports.
Further, the porous support may be a porous substrate so that the external air passing through the nanofiber web passes through the porous support, and may be one of known woven, knitted or nonwoven fabrics, as a non-limiting example.
The porous support may be a thermally bonded nonwoven, a chemically bonded nonwoven, an air-laid nonwoven, or a mixture thereof.
The porous support is a strength-enhancing layer for supporting the nanofiber web, and a material which improves the physical properties of the nanofibers and improves the handleability can be used.
For example, the porous support may be a nonwoven fabric or woven fabric made of PET, PE, PP, PVC, or the like, which is a hydrophobic polymer material, and may be made of the same material or different materials when laminated on both side surfaces of the nanofiber web.
In the second blocking member 112, the film disposed outside the outdoor space is preferably made of a hydrophobic material so as to block penetration of rainwater into the indoor space.
In the second blocking member 112, when the nanofiber web and the porous support are combined, natural ventilation and natural lighting can be achieved by using transparent or translucent materials.
In the present invention, the content (basis weight) of nanofibers 112a electrospun to form a nanofiber web is in the range of 0.5 to 20gsm (gram per square meter), preferably 1 to 5 gsm. In this case, if the amount is less than 0.5gsm, the film becomes too thin to be handled, and if the amount is more than 20gsm, the film is not used, but the material cost is high, the process cost is increased, and it is difficult to appropriately ventilate the film due to the increase in the differential pressure. Therefore, the amount of the polymer substance dissolved in the solvent is determined in consideration of the quantitative amount of the obtained nanofibers.
The nanofiber web preferably has an average pore size of 0.2 to 10.0 μm and a fiber diameter of 0.05 to 3 μm, and has a structure that minimizes air resistance to the maximum extent, and can have a diameter of 3 μm in terms of ensuring air permeability.
The average diameter of the fibers constituting the nanofiber web greatly affects the porosity and pore size distribution of the web. The smaller the fiber diameter, the smaller the pore size and the smaller the pore size distribution.
In the present invention, the average pore size of the nanofiber web is exemplified as 0.2 to 10.0 μm, but the average pore size of the nanofiber web can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the size and ventilation amount of substances to be blocked in rainwater, insects, particulate matter, pollen, malodor, pathogenic bacteria, and bacteria.
In the present invention, the diameter and average pore size of the nanofibers can be controlled to filter not only the fine particulate matter of PM2.5, but also the particulate matter of PM 10.
Nanofibers produced by electrospinning are typically less than 1 μm, but can be made to 3 μm.
The polymer substance is not particularly limited as long as it is a synthetic polymer substance alone or a synthetic polymer substance mixed with the polymer substance and can form the nanofibers 112a by electrospinning.
More preferably, the polymer material constituting the nanofibers 112a is selected from natural polymer materials and synthetic polymer materials having hydrophobic properties. The typical polymer substance with hydrophobic property is one or more of PVDF, PVC, PC, PU, PMMA, PS and Nylon, or a mixture of two or more of PVDF, PVC, PC, PU, PMMA, PS and Nylon.
In particular, the nanofiber web may support silver nano-materials or natural materials to impart antibacterial properties.
In the present invention, when the nanofiber web is formed, 2 or more kinds of the fiber-forming polymers can be mixed and mixed (blend) spun, and in this case, one or two or more kinds of the solvents having compatibility with the polymer substance to be used can be selected and mixed to manufacture the nanofiber web.
In the present invention, the Electrospinning means various spinning methods including Electrospinning (Air-Electrospinning), electro-spray (electrospraying), electro-spinning (centrifugal spinning), centrifugal Electrospinning (centrifugal Electrospinning), flash-Electrospinning, nozzle-less (nozzle-less) spinning, upward spinning, downward spinning, etc., and these methods can be appropriately selected and used.
The second barrier member 112 of the present invention may be formed by combining the porous support with one side or both sides of the nanofiber web by a thermocompression bonding or lamination method after the nanofiber web is formed.
When the second barrier member 112 is used in a window of a single window or a system window, since the nanofiber web and the porous support constituting the second barrier member 112 are made of hydrophobic polymers, it is possible to block rainwater or moisture from penetrating from the outside to the inside. Further, the nanofiber web is formed by stacking nanofibers 112a having a diameter of less than 3 μm to have three-dimensional fine pores, and has an average pore size of 0.2 to 10.0 μm, so that it can minimize air resistance and has a waterproof function of blocking penetration of water molecules into the interior through the pores. Also, the smaller the diameter of the fiber is, the greater the specific surface area of the fiber is, and the greater the waterproofing function is.
In particular, a film filter formed of a laminate of a nanofiber web and a porous support, which is used as the second barrier member 112, may be subjected to a water-and oil-repellent process to prevent sticking of dust. That is, for example, after a fluorine-based water repellent solution is applied to a membrane filter by a transfer method, the surface of the fiber is subjected to aging treatment at a temperature of 100 to 120 ℃.
In this case, the thickness of the nanofiber web is set in the range of 1 to 5 μm, and when the nanofiber web and the porous support are laminated, the overall thickness may be made different depending on the thickness of the porous support.
The air permeability of the membrane filter can be set in the range of 10 to 20 cfm.
For example, the total weight (gsm), thickness (μm), air permeability (cfm), and pore size (μm) were measured for the case where a PVDF nanoweb was not laminated on a low-temperature PET nonwoven fabric of 30gsm (comparative example 1), the case where a PVDF nanoweb was laminated on a low-temperature PET nonwoven fabric of 30gsm (comparative example 2), the case where a PVDF nanoweb of 1gsm was laminated on a low-temperature PET nonwoven fabric of 30gsm and then subjected to water repellency treatment (example), the case where a PVDF nanoweb of 3gsm was laminated on a low-temperature PET nonwoven fabric of 30gsm (comparative example 3), and the case where a PVDF nanoweb of 2gsm was laminated on each of both surfaces of a low-temperature PET nonwoven fabric of 30gsm (comparative example 4), and are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002218585320000171
As shown in table 1, the membrane filter of the present invention exhibited a high air permeability (cfm) of 11.3 even when the pore size was 2.31 μm. On the other hand, the cover plate 120 may function as a blocking plate for preventing air passing through the blocking member 110 from directly moving into the indoor space. That is, in the case where the insect net 100 capable of blocking particulate matter according to the present invention is installed in a window frame or a door frame, the cover plate 120 is disposed at one side of the blocking member 110, thereby blocking external air passing through the blocking member 110 from directly flowing into an indoor space. Therefore, the cover plate 120 may be formed of a plate-shaped member having a predetermined area, and may be disposed on one side of the blocking member 110 with a predetermined distance.
In this case, the cover plate 120 may be formed of a material having light transmittance so as to block the inflow of the external air into the room through the blocking member 110 and to allow the inflow of the light into the room. For example, the cover plate 120 may be a known glass plate or acrylic plate. Also, the cover plate 120 may be in one of a transparent state, an opaque state and a translucent state.
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 3, the cover plate 120 is disposed at a distance from the blocking member 110, so that a retention space 136 having a predetermined volume can be formed between the cover plate 120 and the blocking member 110 facing each other. Accordingly, the external air, from which the particulate matter is filtered by the blocking member 110, stays in the staying space 136 in a state where the external air is blocked by the cover plate 120 so as not to directly flow into the indoor space, and can flow into the indoor space through an inlet 134 and an outlet 135 formed in the support frame 130, which will be described later.
The support frame 130 is disposed at the edge sides of the blocking member 110 and the cover plate 120, and supports the edge sides of the blocking member 110 and the cover plate 120, thereby maintaining the cover plate 120 spaced apart from the blocking member 110.
Therefore, the support frame 130 may include a pair of first and second frames 131 and 132 as a frame structure, and a spacer 133 may be disposed on the facing surfaces of the first and second frames 131 and 132.
Accordingly, the space between the cover plate 120 and the blocking member 110 facing each other may form the staying space 136 having a predetermined volume together with the spacer 133, and the outside air passing through the blocking member 110 may stay in the staying space 136 by being restricted from moving by the cover plate 120.
In the present invention, the first frame 131, the second frame 132, the inner spacer 133a, and the outer spacer 133b may be formed of one member, or may be formed by connecting a plurality of members. The inner partition 133a and the outer partition 133b may be formed of a different member from the first frame 131 and the second frame 132, or may be formed integrally with one of the first frame 131 and the second frame 132.
However, the shape of the support frame is not limited thereto, and may be changed to various shapes such as a circle, an arc, a polygon, and a combination thereof according to the shape of the blocking member 110, and any shape may be used as long as it entirely surrounds the edge of the blocking member 110.
A hollow portion 131a for assembling the cover plate 120 is formed in the first frame 131, and a hollow portion 132a for assembling the blocking member 110 is formed in the second frame 132.
In this case, the support frame 130 may perform a function of supporting the blocking member 110 and the cover plate 120 and a function of a moving passage for discharging air existing in the staying space 136 to the indoor side.
Accordingly, the smart window 100 capable of blocking particulate matter according to the present invention functions as a window for blocking inflow of outside air into a room through the cover 120, and allows inflow of clean air existing in the stay space 136 into the room after removal of particulate matter by the blocking member 110.
Therefore, the spacer 133 may include an inner spacer 133a and an outer spacer 133b spaced apart from each other, the inner spacer 133a may be relatively smaller than the outer spacer 133b, and the outer spacer 133b may be disposed outside the inner spacer 133 a. The inner partition 133a and the outer partition 133b may be disposed on facing surfaces of the first frame 131 and the second frame 132 facing each other.
Thus, the space formed between the inner partition 133a and the outer partition 133b forms left and right housing spaces 137a and 137b having a predetermined volume together with the first frame 131 and the second frame 132.
At least one inflow port 134 having a predetermined area is formed to penetrate the inner partition 133a side, so that the staying space 136 and the housing spaces 137a and 137b can communicate with each other, and at least one outflow port 135 communicating with the housing spaces 137a and 137b can penetrate the first frame 131.
In this case, in the present invention, the outlet 135 may be formed as one opening having a predetermined area, but as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of slits may be disposed at predetermined intervals to disperse the air supplied into the room.
In the case where the blocking member 110 that blocks fine particles is activated, the smart window 100 of the present invention is provided with the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b in the left and right accommodating spaces 137a and 137b, respectively, which are located on the left and right sides of the staying space 136.
For example, the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b each include: a cylindrical blower fan 146 having a plurality of blades radially arranged from a central axis; a motor 142 for rotating the blower fan 146; the casing 144 surrounds 1/2 of the blowers 140a and 140b in the longitudinal direction, and supports the blowing fan 146 so that the blowing fan 146 can rotate.
In this case, a placement hole 138 having a predetermined area may be formed through each of the left and right sides of the second frame 132 so that the 1/2 of the first and second air blowers 140a and 140b exposed in the longitudinal direction can be accommodated in the accommodation spaces 137a and 137 b. Therefore, the first and second blowers 140a and 140b are detachably coupled to the disposition hole 138 of the second frame 132, and finally, the separate casing 144 prevents the first and second blowers 140a and 140b from being exposed to the outside, and a state in which a part of the first and second blowers 140a and 140b are disposed in the accommodation spaces 137a and 137b can be maintained.
The first and second blowers 140a and 140b may rotate the blower fan 146 by driving the motor 142, and the power of the motor 142 may be directly supplied to the external power through a cable or may be supplied through a separate battery (not shown) built in one side of the support frame 130.
The operation of the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b will be described in the following description with reference to fig. 8 and 9.
The present invention provides a smart window which can actively control the forced ventilation time and period of indoor ventilation by outside air by measuring the indoor air pollution degree, and can prolong the service life of a membrane filter by periodically and automatically cleaning the membrane filter, thereby supplying good air to the indoor.
The smart window of the present invention has a control system as shown in fig. 8, and the control system may be operated by a control program as shown in fig. 9, for example.
Referring to fig. 8, the control system 170 is connected to a pollution degree measurement sensor 172, a negative pressure measurement sensor 173, a light detection sensor 174, an outdoor air temperature sensor 175, and an indoor air temperature sensor 176 on the input side of a control unit 171, and connected to a first blower 140a, a second blower 140b, a first curtain 150, a second curtain 150, a heater 121, and a warning device 171 on the input side.
Furthermore, the control system 170 may be further provided with a remote controller 180(remote control) to remotely drive and control the control system 170 for the convenience of the user. In this case, for example, a receiver 171a for receiving ultrasonic waves may be built in the control unit 171 according to a wireless communication method.
The control unit 171 may be a microcomputer (microcomputer) having a built-in memory device having a built-in system control program for integrally controlling the control system 170 of the smart window, or a microprocessor (microprocessor) having a separate memory device, a programmable logic device or a matrix (programmable logic array), a microcontroller, a signal processor, or a combination including a part or all of them.
The contamination level measuring sensor 172 is installed indoors, for example, in a through hole of the first frame 131, and measures carbon dioxide (CO) in the room2) And Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), food odors generated in the kitchen, and the like.
The negative pressure measurement sensor 173 is a sensor that measures the negative pressure applied to the retention space 136 according to the porosity of the membrane filter included in the blocking member 110 when the blowers 140a and 140b are activated.
In the second blocking member 112 having fine pores and formed by bonding the nanofiber web and the porous support, when dust, foreign matter, pollen, or the like is adsorbed to the fine pores, the porosity of the filter decreases, and the negative pressure applied to the retention space 136 increases.
The light detection sensor 174 is an illuminance sensor, and collects information for determining daytime and nighttime by measuring indoor brightness.
The outdoor air temperature sensor 175 and the indoor air temperature sensor 176 measure the temperatures of the outdoor air and the indoor air, and receive information for activating the heater 121 to exchange heat with the cool outdoor air flowing into the indoor space when the temperature of the outdoor air is lower than a set temperature set by a user. In winter, the dew condensation phenomenon may occur on the cover plate 120, and the temperature of the outside air can be appropriately used when determining whether to activate the heater 121 to eliminate the dew condensation phenomenon.
The first and second blowers 140a and 140b connected to the output side of the control unit 171 are used when outside air is introduced into the room, and the first and second curtain devices 150 and 150 are used when the second blocking member 112 is cleaned and the inlet 135 communicating with the room needs to be selectively blocked.
Hereinafter, the first and second rolling screen devices 150 and 150 will be described with reference to fig. 6a and 6 b.
The first and second rolling screen devices 150 and 150 are respectively provided in the left and right housing spaces 137a and 137b of the first frame 131 to selectively block the inflow port 135 communicating with the room.
To this end, the first rolling shutter device 150 and the second rolling shutter device 150 are provided so as to be able to be raised and lowered in the vertical direction, and include: a rack 151 formed with a plurality of gears 151 a; a pinion gear 152 coupled to the rack 151; and a drive motor 153 for driving the pinion gear 152 to rotate.
4 guide passage forming portions 156 are formed to extend left and right of the rack 151, the guide passage forming portions 156 are formed to have 2 guide passages 156a at upper and lower sides, respectively, so as to be stably ascended and descended in an up and down direction when driven by the pinion gear 152, and 4 guide pins 155 are combined with the 4 guide passages 156a to be guided.
The rack 151 has a gear 151a formed at a front portion of a portion of an upper side 1/2, and blocks the inlet port 135 when the rack 151 descends in a filter cleaning mode (filter cleaning mode), as shown in fig. 5 and 6b, and a rectangular space 157 is formed at a portion of a lower side 1/2, and the inlet port 135 is opened when the rack 151 ascends in a normal mode (normal mode), as shown in fig. 4 and 6 a. As described above, the rack 151 functions as a movable shutter for opening and closing the inflow port 135.
As will be described later, when a drive signal is applied from the control unit 171 to the drive motors 153 of the first and second rolling devices 150 and 150 to apply a counterclockwise rotational force to the pinion 152 via the shaft 154, the rack 151 descends, and when a drive signal is applied to the drive motor 153 to apply a clockwise rotational force to the pinion 152 via the shaft 154, the rack 151 ascends.
As shown in fig. 7a, the guide passage forming portion 156 for the guide passage 156a forming the rack 151 may be omitted or changed to another structure.
In the first and second shade devices 150 and 150 shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the gear 151a is formed on the upper side of the rack 151 and the space 157 is formed on the lower side, but on the contrary, the same effect is obtained if the space 157 is formed on the upper side and the gear 151a is formed on the lower side.
The first and second roller blind devices may be driven in other driving manners than a rack/pinion driving manner.
Hereinafter, the first and second shade devices of the solenoid actuator driving system will be described with reference to fig. 7a and 7 b.
The first and second roller shade devices 160 and 160 include: a movable roller shutter 161 which is provided so as to be capable of ascending and descending in the vertical direction, and which has a space portion 162 provided in an upper portion or a lower portion; and a solenoid 164 for moving up or down a plunger 165 connected to one end of the movable roller shutter 161.
The movable rolling shutter 161 is guided by being coupled to 2 guide pins 163 at upper and lower sides thereof, respectively, so as to be stably raised or lowered in the vertical direction when linearly driven by the solenoid 164.
In the solenoid actuator driving method, when a driving signal is applied from the control unit 171 to the solenoid 164 in the filter cleaning mode, a magnetic field is generated while a current flows through the internal coil, and the plunger 165 is retracted into the solenoid 164. Finally, as shown in fig. 5 and 7a, the movable roller shutter 161 descends to block the inflow port 135.
However, in the normal mode, when the drive signal is blocked from being applied to the solenoid 164, the current does not flow in the inner coil and the magnetic field is not generated, and the plunger 165 is retracted to the outside of the solenoid 164 by the restoring force of the restoring spring 166. Finally, as shown in fig. 4 and 7b, the movable roller shutter 161 rises to open the inflow port 135.
In the first and second rolling devices 160 and 160 shown in fig. 7a and 7b, the movable rolling shutter 161 is disposed on the upper side and the solenoid 164 for driving the movable rolling shutter 161 is disposed on the lower side in terms of structure, but a structure may be employed in which the movable rolling shutter 161 is disposed on the lower side and the solenoid 164 is disposed on the upper side.
In the illustrated example, the movable roller shutter 161 is disclosed in which the roller shutter for blocking the inlet port 135 is disposed at the upper portion and the space portion 162 is provided at the lower portion, but the roller shutter for blocking the inlet port 135 may be disposed at the upper portion and the lower portion, respectively.
Referring to fig. 2a and 8, the heater 121 is provided on the cover 120 to eliminate the occurrence of the condensation phenomenon, and when the temperature of the outside air is lower than the set temperature set by the user, the heat exchange is performed while the cool outside air flowing into the room stays in the staying space 136.
For example, the heater 121 provided in the cover plate 120 may be a heater assembly or a heat wire in which strip-shaped planar heat generating elements formed of an amorphous strip or the like obtained by cutting a metal thin film or an amorphous ribbon having a resistivity of 1 or more are connected in series and/or in parallel. For example, an iron (Fe) -based amorphous ribbon or FeCrAl may be used as the strip-shaped planar heating element.
Hereinafter, the operation of the smart window according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 9.
In the smart window of the present invention, the control system 170 may be activated and operated by opening the power switch 147 provided on the front surface of the first frame 131.
Alternatively, the remote controller 180 wirelessly transmits a power supply signal for driving the control system, and activates the control system 170 to start the operation.
In this case, the control unit 171 first detects the illuminance in the room by the light detection sensor 174 (step S11). When the detected indoor illuminance value exceeds the set illuminance reference value, it is determined that the lighting is on during the daytime or in the room (step S12).
The night state is determined by detecting an illuminance value in a room to stop the smart window in order to minimize maintenance costs when a user is not in the room, that is, to stop the smart window in order to minimize maintenance costs when the user is sleeping in a bedroom or when the user is out or on a business trip.
Further, the present invention is intended to minimize maintenance costs and improve efficiency by supplying fresh air from the outside to the room by determining whether the room is contaminated while a user is moving in the room.
If the determination result in step S12 is that the daytime or the indoor lighting is on, the indoor pollution level is measured by the pollution level measuring sensor 172 (step S13).
It is determined whether or not the measured contamination degree exceeds a reference value (step S14), and if the measured contamination degree exceeds the contamination degree reference value, the control unit 171 applies a drive signal to the motor 142 so as to operate the first air blower 140a and the second air blower 140b (step S15).
As a result, when the motor 142 is driven, as shown in fig. 4 and 6a, the air in the housing spaces 137a and 137b is discharged into the room through the outlet 135 by rotating the blower fan 146, and finally, negative pressure or suction force is generated in the housing spaces 137a and 137b, the negative pressure or suction force is supplied to the retention space 136 side through the inlet 134 communicating with the housing spaces 137a and 137b, and the outside air around the blocking member 110 passes through the blocking member 110 by the suction force, removes the particulate matter, and flows into the retention space 136 side. Then, the outside air flowing into the retention space 136 can be supplied to the indoor side through the inflow port 134, the housing spaces 137a and 137b, and the outflow port 135 in this order.
When the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b are operated, the controller 171 measures the outside air temperature and the indoor temperature by the outside air temperature sensor 175 and the indoor air temperature sensor 176 (step S16), first determines whether the measured outside air temperature is lower than the set temperature set by the user (step S17), and when the outside air temperature is lower than the set temperature by the user, the heater 121 is activated to exchange heat with the cool outside air flowing into the indoor space (step S18).
The heater 121 may be activated when a difference between the outside air temperature and the room temperature is greater than a set reference value.
In particular, in the present invention, in consideration of the occurrence of the condensation phenomenon on the cover 120 depending on the outside air temperature in winter, the temperatures of the outside air and the room measured by the outdoor air temperature sensor 175 and the indoor air temperature sensor 176 are detected regardless of whether the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b are operated, and then signal processing is performed thereon to determine whether the condensation phenomenon is occurring, and the heater 121 is activated for the purpose of eliminating the condensation phenomenon.
On the other hand, if the indoor illuminance value detected in step S12 does not exceed the set illuminance reference value, it is determined that the lighting is off at night or in the room.
When the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b are operated during daytime, the control unit 171 measures the negative pressure applied to the stay space 136, which is the inside of the first blocking member 111 and the second blocking member 112, by using the negative pressure measurement sensor 173 (step S21), and stores the measured negative pressure value in the storage device.
The negative pressure value stored in the storage device is compared with a preset reference value (step S22), and if the measured negative pressure is greater than the reference value, it is determined that dust, foreign matter, pollen, etc. are adsorbed and accumulated in the fine pores of the second blocking member 112, and the porosity of the filter is decreased, and a filter cleaning mode is performed (step S23).
In this case, the control unit 171 applies a driving signal to the driving motors 153 of the first and second shade devices 150 and 150 to rotate the pinion 152 in the counterclockwise direction and lower the rack 151, thereby retaining only a part of the inflow port 135 and blocking most of the inflow port 135. The reason why the rack 151 does not block a part of the inflow port 135 is to prevent negative pressure from being applied to the accommodation spaces 137a and 137b and the stay space 136 when the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b are operated.
In this state, when the first blower 140a and the second blower 140b are operated, as shown in fig. 5 and 6b, pressurized air is applied from the room to the first blocking member 111 and the second blocking member 112 through a part of the inflow port 135, passing through the housing spaces 137a and 137b and the stay space 136.
In particular, when the first and second blowers 140a and 140b are operated, regular airflow is formed by driving at a variable speed, or a shock wave airflow is generated by applying a pulse-type driving voltage to form intermittent driving and shock is applied to the first and second blocking members 111 and 112, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the first and second blocking members 111 and 112.
Preferably, the filter cleaning mode is performed for the first blocking member 111 and the second blocking member 112 to prevent dust and the like from being adsorbed and accumulated in the fine pores of the filter in advance, which is also advantageous for introducing fresh outside air into the room. Accordingly, the filter washing mode during the preset time may be performed every day at night.
However, if the usage time is increased, the thin film filter formed of the nanofiber web provided on the first barrier member 111 and the second barrier member 112 may be difficult to automatically clean due to accumulation of dust and the like on the fine pores of the filter.
In the present invention, in consideration of these points, if the reference value preset in consideration of the number of times the filter cleaning mode is performed or the period of using the filter is exceeded, the warning device 171 notifies the user (step S25).
The reminding device 171 may use a Light Emitting Diode (LED) to turn on or off the light, and may generate an alarm sound. In this case, the user may reuse the filter after removing dust and the like accumulated in the fine pores of the second blocking members 111 and 112 using an appropriate cleaning agent, or may replace the filter with a new one for use.
On the other hand, in the smart window, if the control unit 171 determines the indoor illuminance value detected by the light detection sensor 174 at a specific night time preset every day, it can determine that the user is not at home for a long time, and can set the operation of the control system to the sleep mode and stop the operation. In this case, for example, if the user presses a reset button of the remote controller 180, the system can be set to start.
As described above, in the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the air blowers 140a and 140b are coupled to the support frame 130 through the arrangement holes 138, but the coupling structure of the air blower 140 and the support frame 130 is not limited thereto, and various known coupling methods can be adopted, and the coupling structure can be appropriately changed according to the design structure. The fans 140a and 140b may be disposed on the housing spaces 137a and 137b side to provide suction force during driving.
The forced convection system is exemplified by the blower fan 146 rotated by the driving motor 142, but the forced convection system is not limited thereto, and a well-known suction system using an air suction device (not shown) may be used.
In the above description of the embodiment, for the purpose of reducing maintenance costs, the operation of sucking the outside air into the room is performed by driving the air blowers 140a and 140b when the illuminance in the room is equal to or higher than the illuminance reference value and the pollution degree of the room air exceeds the reference value, but when the illuminance in the room is equal to or lower than the illuminance reference value, that is, when the pollution degree of the room air exceeds the reference value even at night, the air blowers 140a and 140b are driven to suck the outside air into the room.
The smart window 100 capable of blocking particulate matters as described above is disposed on a door frame or a window frame, instead of an existing window or door, and can be slidably disposed on the door frame or the window frame. Therefore, in the present invention, when the filter of the insect net needs to be replaced or cleaned, the user can directly separate the filter from the door frame or the window frame and replace or clean the filter in the same manner as the conventional manner, thereby improving the convenience of use.
As shown in fig. 10, in the case where the smart window of the present invention is used as a separate window, it may be used for a pair of window sash units 100a, 100b slidably provided in a window frame 11 fixed to a wall (not shown).
The system window 1 of the present invention configured as described above performs forced ventilation by a membrane filter provided in an insect net in a forced exhaust manner in a state where the window sash units 100a and 100b are not opened at all times, and when natural ventilation is necessary, the window sash units 100a and 100b can be opened and closed by rotating or sliding in the vertical or horizontal direction.
Referring to fig. 11 to 13, a smart window according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes: a frame 210 mounted to a window frame; a window unit 220 installed at one side of the frame 210 for securing light transmission and a visual field; and an air cleaning unit 230 installed at the other side of the frame 210, for cleaning outdoor air and supplying the cleaned outdoor air to the indoor.
The frame 210 is formed in four sides, is fixed to a window frame, is opened and closed by moving along with the window frame, and is divided into a first mounting part 212 for mounting the window unit 220 and a second mounting part 214 for mounting the air cleaning unit 230.
The window unit 220 is fixed to the first mounting portion 212 of the frame 210, and may be formed of a transparent window that can satisfy all of light transmission, visual field assurance, and the like, or an opaque window that can satisfy only light transmission.
In the conventional window type air purification system, the whole window is blocked by the air purification device, so that sunlight cannot flow into the room, and the feeling of darkness and depression in the room is brought. In the smart window of the present embodiment, a window unit 220 is installed at one side of a frame 210 to secure light transmission and view, and an air cleaning unit 230 is installed at the other side of the frame 210 to clean outdoor air and supply the air to the indoor, thereby satisfying both air cleaning and view securing.
The air cleaning unit 230 includes: a cover 232 fixed to the second mounting portion 214 of the frame 10; an air blowing unit 236 installed inside the housing 232 for forcibly blowing the outside air; and a filter unit 234 attached to a front surface of the housing 232 so as to be exposed to the outside, for purifying outdoor air.
The cover 232 is attached to a side surface of the frame 210 located in the room, and has an air supply port 242 formed in an upper portion thereof to allow air passing through the filter unit 234 to flow into the room, an air inflow port 240 formed in a front portion thereof to allow outdoor air to flow in, and a cover 238 attached to a rear portion thereof in an openable and closable manner.
Such a cover 232 is sized to occupy a space of about 1/2 of the frame 210, an air inflow port 240 is formed at the front face of the cover 232 as a whole to maximize an area through which air passes, and a bracket 248 for preventing the filter unit 234 from being detached and supported is formed at the front face of the cover 232.
An air blowing unit housing 260 for mounting the air blowing unit 236 and a filter unit housing 262 for mounting the filter unit 234 are formed in the housing 232, and a filter insertion and removal portion 264 for drawing or introducing the filter unit 234 is formed on the lower surface of the housing 232.
When the filter unit 234 is introduced into the filter inlet/outlet portion 264, it is attached to the filter unit accommodating portion 262. Therefore, when the filter unit 234 is replaced, the filter replacement operation can be facilitated by drawing out the filter unit 234 from the filter insertion and removal portion 264.
The air blowing unit 236 is attached to the air blowing unit housing 260, the suction port 272 of the air blowing unit 236 is disposed on the rear surface of the filter unit 234, and the discharge port 274 of the air blowing unit 236 is disposed at the air supply port 242 of the cover 232. Such a blower unit 236 may use a blower that sucks air from a side direction and discharges the air toward a radial direction.
The air blowing units 236 may be provided in plural according to the size of the air purification system, and in the present embodiment, are configured of a first air blowing unit 276 and a second air blowing unit 278, and the air supply port 242 is configured of a first air supply port 244 through which air discharged from the first air blowing unit 276 is supplied indoors and a second air supply port 246 through which air discharged from the second air blowing unit 278 is supplied indoors.
A cleaning unit 280 for periodically cleaning the filter unit 234 as shown in fig. 14 and 15 may be provided inside the housing 232.
Since the filter unit 234 of the present embodiment uses the porous nano-mesh and is disposed in a state of being exposed to the outside, there is a characteristic that the particulate matter, the yellow sand, and other harmful substances do not adhere to the surface of the porous nano-mesh and are naturally separated from the surface of the filter unit 234 by the wind from the outside.
However, in the case of particulate matter having a PM of 2.5 or less, there is a possibility that the air holes of the filter unit 234 are accumulated and clogged, and in this case, the cleaning unit 280 is used to periodically separate dust adhering to the surface of the filter unit 234 and maintain the filtering performance of the filter unit 234.
The cleaning unit 280 includes: at least one spray nozzle 282 disposed behind the filter unit 234 in plural for spraying air toward the filter unit 234; an air passage 284 connected between the air blowing unit 236 and the injection nozzle 282, for supplying the injection nozzle 282 with air blowing pressure generated in the air blowing unit 236; an opening/closing valve 286 provided in the air passage 284 for opening/closing the air passage 284; and a control unit 288 for controlling the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the blower unit, and also controlling the on-off valve 286.
When the set time elapses by the timer 290 in accordance with fig. 15, the control unit 288 operates the cleaning unit 280 to perform the cleaning operation of the filter unit 234.
In the above-described cleaning unit 280, when the operation time of the air purification system has elapsed for a predetermined time, the control unit 288 controls the blower unit 236 to rotate in the reverse direction, and opens the on-off valve 286 to supply the indoor air to the air duct 284. In this way, the air is ejected from the ejection nozzle 282 toward the rear surface of the filter unit 234 to vibrate the filter unit 234, thereby shaking off the dust deposited on the surface of the filter unit 234 and allowing the air to pass in the reverse direction of the filter unit 234, thereby removing the dust deposited on the air holes of the filter unit 234.
By periodically repeating the steps as described above, the filter unit 234 can be maintained in a clean state at all times, and thus, the air purification performance can be constantly maintained.
As shown in fig. 16, the filter unit 234 includes: a filter member 252 having a plurality of pores formed therein; and a support member 250 installed at an edge of the filter member 252 to support the filter member 252.
The filter 252 is formed of a porous nanoweb 253 shown in fig. 17, and the porous nanoweb 253 can be produced by preparing a spinning solution by mixing a polymer substance capable of being electrospun and a solvent at a predetermined ratio, spinning the spinning solution by electrospinning to produce nanofibers 254, and depositing the nanofibers 254 to form a porous nanoweb having fine pores 256.
The polymer substance used in the present invention may be subjected to electrospinning, and for example, a synthetic polymer or a natural polymer may be used, or one or two kinds of such polymers may be mixed and used.
Among the high molecular substances, PAN, PVdF, PES, PS, PVC, PC, PU, or a mixture of PVdF and PAN, PVdF and PES, PVdF and thermoplastic TPU, PVC, PC, etc. are particularly preferably used as the filter material of the present invention.
The spinning method applicable to the present invention may be an upward type, a downward type in which a nozzle is installed, or a nozzless type in which spinning can be performed without a nozzle, and may be one of an electrospray spinning method, a centrifugal electrospinning method, a flash electrospinning method, a pulse electrospinning method, and a bubble electrospinning method.
Since the porous nanoweb 253 is produced by the electrospinning method, the thickness is determined according to the amount of the polymer to be spun. Therefore, there is an advantage in that it is convenient to make the thickness of the porous nano-mesh 253 to a desired thickness.
Therefore, the number of pores and the average size of the pores are determined according to the thickness of the porous nanomesh 253, and an appropriate average size of the pores suitable for filtering particulate matter of PM2.5 or less can be produced.
Preferably, the diameter of the nanofibers 254 is in the range of 0.5 to 3 μm, and the average pore size is 0.2 to 10 μm or less.
Further, since the filter unit 234 of the present embodiment is disposed in a state of being exposed to the outside, the porous nanomesh 253 has a pore size that substantially prevents rainwater from passing therethrough. Further, a water repellent coating layer is formed on the surface of the porous nano-mesh 253, thereby preventing rainwater from penetrating into the porous nano-mesh.
As shown in fig. 18, since the porous nanomesh 253 is exposed to the outside, a strength-enhancing layer 258 may be laminated to prevent scratches or the like from being generated on the surface of the porous nanomesh 253.
The strength reinforcing layer 258 is formed by mixing a pigment, a binder and a solvent at a predetermined ratio and coating the mixture on the surface of the porous nanoweb 253. The pigment used for the strength reinforcing layer 258 is a black pigment or a color pigment, and different colors and hues can be represented according to the amount and type of the pigment used.
The strength reinforcing layer 258 may be coated by embossing, coating, or the like, and may be manufactured by electrospinning, as in the case of the porous nanoweb 253.
Such a strength-enhancing layer 258 includes a binder for enhancing the strength of the porous nano-mesh 253, thereby enhancing the surface strength of the porous nano-mesh 253 to have scratch resistance.
That is, the porous nanoweb 253 is manufactured by an electrospinning method, and is in a state in which nanofibers 254 are stacked, pores 256 are formed between the nanofibers, and the strength reinforcing layer 258 is applied to a position where the nanofibers 254 contact, thereby reinforcing the strength of the porous nanoweb 253. Therefore, the deformation of the porous nano-mesh 253 due to external impact or sound pressure can be minimized.
As shown in fig. 19, a filter element of still another embodiment includes: a porous base 292 having a plurality of pores; and a porous nano-mesh 294(nano web) having a plurality of pores, laminated on the porous base 292, and formed by an electrospinning method.
The porous nano-mesh 294 is the same as the porous nano-mesh 253 described in one embodiment.
The porous substrate 292 may be a thermally bonded nonwoven, a thermally compressed bonded nonwoven, a chemically bonded nonwoven, an air-laid nonwoven, or a mixture thereof. In addition to the nonwoven fabric, woven paper having pores, plastic foam, paper, mesh, or the like can be used as the porous base material.
The porous substrate and the porous nanoweb may be welded by heat, and bonded to each other by forming a double-sided adhesive tape on the edge of the porous substrate.
In this case, the porous nano-net 294 has a thickness of 1 to 5 μm and an air permeability of 10 to 20 CFM.
When the porous base 292 and the porous nano-net 294 are laminated, the overall thickness varies depending on the thickness of the porous base.
As shown in fig. 20, a filter element of another embodiment includes: a porous base 292 having a plurality of pores; a first porous nanomesh 295 having a plurality of pores, which is laminated on one surface of the porous base 292, and which is formed by an electrospinning method; and a second porous nanomesh 296 laminated on the other surface of the porous base material and formed by an electrospinning method.
In another embodiment, the filter member has an air permeability of 7 to 15CFM, and the porous nano-mesh is laminated on each of both surfaces of the porous substrate 292, thereby reducing the air permeability and improving the filtering performance.
Referring to fig. 21 to 24, a smart window according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes: a cover 310 provided to a window frame, a ventilation opening, or the like; an air blowing unit 336 installed at the housing 310 for forcibly pushing air; and a filter unit 234 installed to face the air blowing unit 336 and disposed to be exposed to the outside to purify air.
The housing 310 includes: an outdoor side cover 316 having a rectangular frame shape with a front surface and a rear surface opened, and having an air inlet 318 located outdoors for allowing outdoor air to flow therein; and an indoor side cover 314 positioned indoors and having an air supply port 320 for supplying purified air into the room, and a rail portion 312 for attaching the cover 310 to a window frame or a ventilation port is formed to protrude from an outer surface of the cover 310.
A protector 341 is attached to a front surface of the outdoor side cover 316, a slit-shaped air inlet 318 is formed in the protector 341, and the protector 341 prevents foreign matter having a relatively large area from flowing into the filter unit 234 and protects the filter unit 234 from the external environment.
The air blowing unit 336 includes: a motor 322 fixed to a bracket 360, the bracket 360 being disposed inside the indoor outer cover 314 in a cross shape; a blade portion 324 connected to the motor 322 and rotated by a rotational force of the motor 322; and a guide member 326 attached to a front surface of the blade portion 324, for guiding air pushed from the blade portion 324 into the room and protecting the blade portion 324.
A filter insertion portion 328 for inserting the filter unit 234 is formed on the inner surface of the indoor-side housing 316, and an inlet and outlet for drawing and introducing the filter unit 234 is formed on the rear surface or the side surface of the housing 310, so that the filter unit 234 can be easily drawn through the inlet and outlet when the filter unit 234 is replaced, and the replacement work of the filter unit 234 is facilitated.
A cleaning unit 280 for periodically cleaning the filter unit 234 as shown in fig. 14 may be provided inside the housing 332.
Since the filter unit 234 of the present embodiment uses the porous nano-mesh and is disposed in a state of being exposed to the outside, it has a characteristic in that the particulate matter, the yellow sand, and other harmful substances are not adhered to the surface of the porous nano-mesh, but are naturally separated from the surface of the filter unit 234 by the external wind.
However, in the case where the size of the nanoparticles is a particulate matter, there is a possibility that the pores accumulated in the filter unit 234 may be clogged, and in this case, the cleaning unit 280 is used to periodically separate the dust adhering to the surface of the filter unit 234 and maintain the filtering performance of the filter unit 234.
The cleaning unit 280 includes: at least one spray nozzle 282 disposed behind the filter unit 234 in plural for spraying air toward the filter unit 234; an air passage 284 connected between the air blowing unit 236 and the injection nozzle 282, for supplying the injection nozzle 282 with air blowing pressure generated in the air blowing unit 236; an opening/closing valve 286 provided in the air passage 284 for opening/closing the air passage 284; and a control unit 288 for controlling the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the blower unit, and also controlling the on-off valve 286.
When the timer 290 determines that the set time has elapsed since the operation time of the air purification system according to the control block diagram shown in fig. 15, the control unit 288 operates the cleaning unit 280 to perform the cleaning operation of the filter unit 234.
In the above-described cleaning unit 280, when the operation time of the air purification system has elapsed for a predetermined time, the control unit 288 controls the blower unit 236 to rotate in the reverse direction, and opens the on-off valve 286 to supply the indoor air to the air duct 284. In this way, the air is ejected from the ejection nozzle 282 toward the rear surface of the filter unit 234 to vibrate the filter unit 234, thereby shaking off the dust deposited on the surface of the filter unit 234 and allowing the air to pass in the reverse direction of the filter unit 234, thereby removing the dust deposited on the air holes of the filter unit 234.
By periodically repeating the steps as described above, the filter unit 234 can be maintained in a clean state at all times, and thus, the air purification performance can be constantly maintained.
As shown in fig. 16a and 16b, the filter unit 234 includes: a filter member 252 having a plurality of pores formed therein; and a support member 250 installed at an edge of the filter member 252 to support the filter member 252. Detailed description will be omitted.
Referring to fig. 25 to 28, a smart window according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention includes: a frame 410 mounted to a window frame; a window unit 420 installed at the center of the frame 410 to ensure light transmission and view; and an air cleaning unit 430 installed at a side surface of the frame 410, for cleaning outdoor air and supplying the cleaned outdoor air to the indoor.
A window installation part 422 opened to install the window unit 420 is formed at the center of the frame 410, an air passage 424 sealed with the window installation part 422 to allow air to pass therethrough is formed along an outer circumferential direction of the window installation part 422, an air inflow port 416 to allow air to flow in is formed at a front panel 412 of the frame 410 located outdoors, and an air supply port 418 to supply air to the indoor is formed at a rear panel 414 of the frame 410 located indoors.
The air inflow port 416 includes: a first air inlet 440 formed to penetrate the front panel 412 and formed to be long in a lateral direction on an upper side of the window mounting portion 422; a second air inlet 442 and a third air inlet 444 formed to be long in the vertical direction on both side surfaces of the window mounting portion 422; and a fourth air inlet 446 formed long in the lateral direction below the window attachment 422.
As described above, the air inlet 416 is disposed outside along the circumferential direction of the window mounting part 422, the window unit 420 is mounted at the center of the frame 410 to secure light transmission and visual field, and outdoor air is directly purified and supplied to the indoor, thereby simultaneously satisfying air purification and visual field assurance.
The air supply ports 418 are formed through the rear panel 414, and include 4 air supply ports formed at 4 corner portions of the rear panel 414.
The air cleaning unit 430 includes: a filter unit 434 attached to a rear surface of the front panel 412 forming the air inflow port 416, for purifying air flowing in through the air inflow port; and air blowing units 436, which are respectively provided at air supply ports of the rear panel 414, for forcibly blowing air.
The air blowing unit 436 may use a blower that sucks air from a side direction and discharges the air toward the front. Such an air blowing unit may be constituted by 4 air blowing units respectively arranged at the 4 air supply ports.
Like the filter unit 234 shown in fig. 16a and 16b, the filter unit 434 includes: a filter member 252 having a plurality of pores; and a support member 250 installed at an edge of the filter member 252 to support the filter member 252.
The filter member 252 may be formed in a pleated form to increase a contact area with air, and a support member 250 is inserted at an edge of the filter member 252 to support the filter member 252. The filter element 252 may take the configuration shown in fig. 17.
Referring to fig. 29 to 33, a smart window according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention includes: a frame 510 attached to a window frame and forming a space therein; a filter unit 534 installed on the front panel 512 of the frame 510 exposed to the outside for purifying air; and an air blowing unit 536 provided to the rear panel 514 of the frame 510 in the room for forcibly blowing air.
The frame 510 includes: a front panel 512 located outdoors and having an air inlet 520 for allowing outdoor air to flow therein; a rear panel 514 positioned indoors and having an air supply port 522 for supplying air into the room; and a space portion 518 formed between the front panel 512 and the rear panel 514, through which air passes, and a rail portion 516 attached to a window frame or a ventilation opening is formed on an outer surface of the frame 510.
The air inflow port 520 is formed in a large area at the front panel 512 to increase the inflow amount of air, and the filter unit 534 may be formed to cover the size of the air inflow port 520 to increase the inflow amount of air.
The air supply port 522 may be configured by 4 air supply ports formed at 4 corner portions of the rear panel 514, and an air blowing unit 536 is installed at each air supply port to forcibly push air toward the air supply port 522.
An opening 524 is formed in the rear panel 514 so that air passing through the filter unit 534 is supplied into the room by natural ventilation, and a door 526 is attached to the opening 524 to open and close the opening 524. That is, in the case of the forced air blowing method, the door 526 is closed, the air blowing unit 536 is operated such that the air passing through the filter unit 534 is forcibly pushed into the room through the air supply port 522, and in the case of the natural ventilation method, the air blowing unit 536 is stopped, the door 526 is opened, and the air passing through the filter unit 534 is supplied into the room through the opening 524 in the natural ventilation method.
When the air blowing unit 536 is operated in a state where the door 526 is opened, the air forcibly blown is supplied to the air supply port 522, and the air can be supplied through the opening 524 in a natural ventilation manner.
A partition plate 527 may be installed inside the frame 510, and the partition plate 527 may partition a portion where the opening portion 524 is formed and a portion where the air supply port 522 is formed, and may form a plurality of passages 525 through which air passes.
As described above, in the air purification system of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 32, the natural ventilation mode is performed when the door 526 is opened, as shown in fig. 33, the forced air blowing mode is performed when the door 526 is closed, and the air blowing unit 536 is stopped at night to push air in the natural ventilation mode, thereby preventing discomfort due to noise generated when the air blowing unit 536 is operated, and the air blowing unit 536 is operated in the forced air blowing mode during the daytime to increase the air supply amount.
The air blowing unit 536 may use a blower that sucks air from a side direction and discharges the air toward the front. Such an air blowing unit may be constituted by 4 air blowing units respectively arranged at the 4 air supply ports.
The filter unit 534 may be the same as the filter unit 234 shown in fig. 16a and 16 b.
Referring to fig. 34 to 36, a smart window provided with an air purification system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention includes: a frame 610 mounted to a window frame; a window unit 620 installed at one side of the frame 610, ensuring light transmission and view, and performing transparency and opacity control by controlling light transmittance; the air cleaning unit 630 is installed at the other side of the frame 610, and can clean the outdoor air and supply the cleaned outdoor air to the indoor space, and clean the indoor air.
The frame 610 has a rectangular frame shape, and may be fixedly attached to a window frame or may be moved along the window frame to open and close the window frame, and is divided into a first attachment portion 612 to which the window unit 620 is attached and a second attachment portion 614 to which the air cleaning unit 630 is attached.
As a control block diagram shown in fig. 36, the window unit 620 includes: a light transmittance adjusting part 626 provided to the glass window mounted on the frame 610, for converting the glass window into transparent or opaque by controlling a light transmittance of the glass window; and a control unit 622 for controlling the light transmittance adjusting unit 626 in response to the operation of the operation unit 624 by the user.
The light transmittance adjusting unit 626 may be a magic glass having a joint glass structure in which a TiO film and a liquid crystal are put together and then pressure-bonded, and may convert the window unit 620 into transparent and opaque states by applying a voltage to the magic glass, and may freely adjust the transparency according to a change in the voltage, thereby providing an ultraviolet blocking effect and a privacy protection effect.
The control unit 622 can control the voltage applied to the light transmittance adjusting unit 626 according to a signal applied from the operation unit 624 that a user directly operates. The operation unit 624 may be an operation panel provided in the frame, a remote controller using wireless communication, a smartphone, or the like.
The air cleaning unit 630 includes: a cover 632 fixed to the second mounting portion 614 of the frame 610; an air inflow panel 640 which is attached to the front surface 616 exposed to the outside of the housing 632 and allows outdoor air to flow therein; a first air supply unit 642 and a second air supply unit 644 attached to the rear surface 618 of the housing 632 located in the room, for supplying purified air into the room; filter units 634 and 636 attached to the first air supply unit 642 and the second air supply unit 644, respectively, for purifying air; and air blowing units 660 and 662 attached to the first air supply unit 642 and the second air supply unit 644, respectively, for forcibly blowing air.
An outdoor air quality sensor 664 for detecting the air quality of outdoor air is provided on the air inlet panel 640, and a first display 666 is provided on the rear surface 618 of the housing 632, the first display 666 being displayed so that a user can confirm the air quality detected by the outdoor air quality sensor 664.
The outdoor air quality sensor 664 is composed of a plurality of sensors that can detect various air qualities such as the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, and formaldehyde of outdoor air.
Also, the first display portion 666 enables a user to confirm the current degree of pollution of the outdoor air by displaying the temperature and humidity of the outdoor air and carbon dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, and formaldehyde in the outdoor air, respectively.
An indoor air quality sensor 668 for measuring the air quality of the indoor air is provided on the rear surface of the outer cover 632 to measure the air quality of the indoor air, and a second display 669 is provided to enable a user to visually confirm the current contamination level of the indoor air.
The indoor air quality sensor 668 is composed of a plurality of sensors that can detect various air qualities such as the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, and formaldehyde of the indoor air.
The second display portion 669 displays the temperature and humidity of the indoor air and carbon dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, and formaldehyde in the indoor air, respectively, so that a user can confirm the current pollution level of the indoor air.
As shown in fig. 38, an opening and closing unit 670 for opening and closing the air inflow panel 640 is installed at one side of the air inflow panel 640. Wherein the opening and closing unit 670 includes: a drive motor 672; a plurality of opening/closing blades 674 rotatably attached to the air inlet panel 640 at predetermined intervals to open and close the air inlet panel 640; a first pinion gear 676 to which the opening/closing blade 674 is attached; a rack gear 678 engaged with the first pinion gear 676; and a second pinion gear 680 fixed to a driving shaft of the driving motor 672 and engaged with the rack gear 678.
In the opening and closing unit 670 as described above, when the driving motor 672 rotates in one direction, the second pinion gear 680 rotates and linearly moves the rack gear 678. Thus, the first pinion gear 676 rotates to rotate the opening/closing blade 674, thereby opening/closing the air inlet panel 640.
The air blowing units 660 and 662 include: a first air blowing unit 660 attached to the first air supply unit 642 for forcibly blowing air to the first air supply unit 642; and a second air blowing unit 662 attached to the second air supply portion 644 and configured to blow air to the second air supply portion 644.
When the air blowing units 660 and 662 rotate in the forward direction in response to the signal from the control unit 622, air is discharged to the indoor side, and when the air blowing units 660 and 662 rotate in the reverse direction in response to the signal from the control unit 622, indoor air is sucked into the interior of the housing 632.
Also, the filter units 634, 636 include: a first filter unit 634 attached to the first air supply part 642 for purifying air passing through the first air supply part 642; and a second filter unit 636 attached to the second air supply part 644 for purifying the air passing through the second air supply part 644.
As described above, the air cleaning unit 630 of the present invention is configured to perform an outdoor air cleaning function of cleaning outdoor air to supply the outdoor air to the indoor and an indoor air cleaning function of circulating indoor air to clean the indoor.
First, when the outdoor air cleaning function is performed, the controller 622 controls the driving motor 672 to rotate the opening/closing blade 674 and open the air inlet panel 640. Then, the first air blowing unit 660 and the second air blowing unit 662 are rotated in the same forward direction to suck outdoor air, and the first air supply unit 642 and the second air supply unit 644 supply air into the room.
In this case, the air passing through the first air supply unit 642 is purified by the first filter unit 634 and supplied to the room, and the air passing through the second air supply unit 644 is purified by the second filter unit 636 and supplied to the room.
When the indoor air cleaning function is performed, the controller 622 controls the drive motor 672 to rotate in the reverse direction, and rotates the opening/closing blade 674 in the reverse direction, thereby closing the air inlet panel 640 through which outdoor air flows.
Then, the controller 622 rotates the first blowing unit 660 in the reverse direction, thereby sucking the indoor air into the housing 632 through the first air supply unit 642. In this case, the air flowing into the interior of the housing 632 through the first air supply part 642 is first purified while passing through the first filter unit 634.
Then, the controller 622 rotates the second blowing unit 662 in the forward direction to supply the indoor air flowing into the housing 632 through the second air supply unit 644. In this case, the air supplied to the room through the second air supplier 644 will be secondarily purified while passing through the second filter unit 636.
As described above, the air purification unit of the present invention can simultaneously perform the function of purifying outdoor air to supply to the indoor and the function of purifying indoor air by circulating the indoor air using one air purification device.
The outdoor air purification mode and the indoor air purification mode can be changed by a user directly operating the operation unit 624, and the control unit 622 can automatically change the mode when the air quality measured by the indoor air quality measuring unit 668 is lower than the set air quality.
The filter units 634, 636 may be identical to the filter unit 234 shown in fig. 16a and 16 b.
Industrial applicability
The invention relates to a smart window with an insect-proof net function, which adopts a film filter capable of blocking fine particles and the like with PM < 2.5 > or less and increases ventilation volume, adds a forced circulation structure in a mode of adopting the film filter in the existing insect-proof net window, and can be suitable for a system window or an independent window which can prevent water, insects, dirt, odor and obstruct pathogenic bacteria and can breathe without arranging other system windows.

Claims (19)

1. A smart window is characterized in that a window body is provided with a window body,
the method comprises the following steps:
a blocking member provided with a membrane filter for blocking passage of particulate matter in the outside air;
a cover plate which is arranged at a distance from the blocking member so as to form a staying space in which air passing through the blocking member stays;
a support frame having a through portion at a center thereof, the blocking member and the cover plate being supported at outer and inner sides of the through portion, respectively, an accommodating space being formed at an outer side of the retention space, and an outlet port for discharging air flowing from the accommodating space into a room being provided at the support frame; and
a blower installed in the housing space to generate a suction force by which outside air is sucked into the blocking member, passes through the retention space and the housing space, and is discharged to the outlet,
the above-mentioned support frame includes:
a first frame disposed at an indoor side, having a penetration portion formed at a center thereof to be coupled to the cover plate, and having the outlet port formed therein;
a second frame disposed outside the chamber, having a through-hole coupled to a blocking member at the center thereof, and disposed opposite to the first frame;
an inner spacer provided between the first frame and the second frame and having an inflow port for communicating the staying space with the accommodating space; and
and an outer spacer disposed at a predetermined distance from the inner spacer and forming the receiving space.
2. The smart window according to claim 1, wherein the blower is driven when the degree of air pollution in the room exceeds a reference value.
3. The smart window according to claim 1, wherein the blower is driven when the indoor illuminance exceeds a reference value.
4. The smart window according to claim 1, wherein the self-cleaning of the barrier member is performed in a case where a negative pressure applied to the barrier member when the blower is driven exceeds a reference value.
5. Smart window according to claim 4,
further comprising a roller shutter device for partially blocking the outflow port when the blocking member is self-cleaning,
in the self-cleaning of the blocking member, as the blower is driven in a state in which the outlet port is partially blocked by the rolling shutter device, an airflow that flows backward from the room to the blocking member through the housing space and the staying space is generated by the outlet port.
6. A smart window as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the self-cleaning of the blocking member, the impact is applied to the blocking member by driving the blower at a variable speed or by generating a shock wave air current by applying a pulse-type driving voltage.
7. A smart window according to claim 5, wherein said roller blind apparatus comprises:
a movable rolling curtain which blocks or opens the outflow port by moving up and down; and
and a driving member for moving the movable roller shutter up and down.
8. A smart window as claimed in claim 7, wherein the drive member is a solenoid actuator.
9. The smart window according to claim 7, wherein the driving member is provided with:
a rack formed with a plurality of gears; and
and a pinion gear coupled to the rack gear to move the rack up and down.
10. A smart window as claimed in claim 1, wherein said barrier member comprises:
a first blocking member for blocking insects or pests; and
and a second blocking member attached to the first blocking member for blocking particulate matter in the outside air.
11. A smart window as claimed in claim 10, wherein the second barrier member is a membrane filter capable of filtering out fine particulate matter below PM 2.5.
12. A smart window according to claim 11, wherein said membrane filter comprises:
a nanofiber web forming three-dimensional fine pores by aggregating nanofibers; and
and a porous support, wherein the nanofiber web is laminated on one side or both sides, and supports the nanofiber web.
13. The smart window according to claim 11, wherein the nanofiber web has a thickness of 1 to 5 μm and an air permeability of 10 to 20cfm in the thin film filter.
14. The smart window according to claim 1, further comprising a heater disposed on the cover plate, for exchanging heat with cold outside air when the temperature of the outside air is lower than a set temperature set by a user or a temperature difference between the temperature of the outside air and the indoor temperature is greater than a set value.
15. A driving method of a smart window according to claim 1, comprising:
a step of judging whether the indoor illuminance value is daytime or nighttime based on the detected indoor illuminance value;
a step of measuring the indoor pollution degree under the condition that the judgment result is daytime and judging whether the measured pollution degree exceeds a pollution degree reference value; and
and a step of driving the blower and discharging the outside air filtered with the particulate matter in the process of passing through the blocking member into the room through the outlet port when the measured pollution degree exceeds the pollution degree reference value according to the judgment result obtained through the judgment.
16. The driving method of a smart window according to claim 15, further comprising:
measuring the negative pressure applied to the blocking member to determine whether the negative pressure exceeds a negative pressure reference value; and
and a step of driving the rolling shutter device to drive the blower and clean the blocking member in a state of blocking only a part of the outflow port when the judgment result shows that the measured negative pressure exceeds the negative pressure reference value.
17. The driving method of a smart window according to claim 16, wherein the driving of the blower is performed at a variable speed to form a regular air flow, thereby applying impact to the blocking member.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the impact is applied to the blocking member by generating a shock wave airflow by applying a pulse-type driving voltage during driving of the blower.
19. The method for driving a smart window according to claim 16, further comprising a step of driving a heater provided in the cover plate when the temperature of the outside air when the blower is driven is lower than a set temperature set by a user or a temperature difference between the temperature of the outside air and the indoor temperature is greater than a set value.
CN201880022388.1A 2017-04-05 2018-04-05 Intelligent window and driving method thereof Active CN110678619B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2017-0044205 2017-04-05
KR1020170044205A KR102359553B1 (en) 2017-04-05 2017-04-05 Window type air cleaning system
KR10-2017-0044203 2017-04-05
KR1020170044203A KR102347868B1 (en) 2017-04-05 2017-04-05 Smart Windows Having Screen Function
KR10-2017-0044204 2017-04-05
KR1020170044204A KR102347869B1 (en) 2017-04-05 2017-04-05 Window type air cleaning system
KR1020170052210A KR102440957B1 (en) 2017-04-24 2017-04-24 Smart window having air cleaning system
KR10-2017-0052210 2017-04-24
PCT/KR2018/004027 WO2018186701A1 (en) 2017-04-05 2018-04-05 Smart window and driving method therefor

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