CN110673411A - 显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents
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- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
- G02F1/133562—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements on the viewer side
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种显示面板及显示装置,其包括从下至上依次层叠设置的背光模组、控光液晶盒、准直膜层和显示液晶盒;所述准直膜层能够限制散射态的大角度光线通过。显示装置包括上述显示面板。本发明采用双盒厚液晶显示技术,通过降低控光液晶盒暗态漏光,提升了控光液晶盒透过率,保证了双盒液晶显示器白态亮度,实现了高亮度和高对比度显示,弥补了LCD显示技术相较于OLED显示技术在对比度方面的差异性,并保证了LCD相较于OLED的成本优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
液晶显示器(LCD)显示技术已经面世多年,相比于新兴的有机发光二极管(OLED)显示技术,LCD在显示对比度上劣势较为明显。为弥补此缺陷,近年来发展起来的次毫米发光二极管(MiniLED)背光技术,其可通过分区背光控制实现动态高对比度显示,具有接近OLED显示技术的对比度,同时可实现高亮度,受到人们的青睐。然而,由于MiniLED灯板技术采用芯片阵列的方式在FPC/PCB板上打件,多数也采用整面封装的方式,基板、芯片、封装胶、膜片等物料成本导致MiniLED具有较高的制作成本,目前市场的接受度不高。
如图1所示,对厚度要求不高的显示器,可采用双盒厚液晶显示技术,以其中的一层液晶盒为控光液晶盒91,另一层液晶盒为显示液晶盒92。其中,背光模组90发出的光线(图2中箭头表示)依次穿过控光液晶盒91和显示液晶盒92,控光液晶盒91多采用聚合物分散液晶(PNLC液晶),而PNLC液晶在暗态时仍具有较高的穿透率,不利于暗态时对光的控制,容易漏光。
因此,如何提升控光液晶盒暗态时的控光特性成为提升双盒液晶显示器对比度的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种显示面板及显示装置,通过降低控光液晶盒暗态漏光,提升了控光液晶盒透过率,保证了双盒液晶显示器白态亮度,实现了高亮度和高对比度显示。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明其中一实施例中提供一种显示面板,其包括从下至上依次层叠设置的背光模组、控光液晶盒、准直膜层和显示液晶盒;具体地讲,所述控光液晶盒设于所述背光模组上;所述准直膜层设于所述控光液晶盒上,能够限制散射态的大角度光线通过;所述显示液晶盒设于所述准直膜层上;其中,所述控光液晶盒包括控光上基板、控光下基板以及在所述控光上基板和所述控光下基板之间的聚合物分散液晶层;所述显示液晶盒包括显示上基板、显示下基板以及在所述显示上基板和所述显示下基板之间的液晶层。
进一步地,所述显示面板还包括:下偏光片,设于所述显示液晶盒下;以及上偏光片,设于所述显示液晶盒上。
进一步地,所述显示面板还包括盖板,所述盖板设于所述显示液晶盒上。
进一步地,所述准直膜层为氮化硅与氧化硅的交替膜层。
进一步地,所述准直膜层的膜层数为10-50层。
进一步地,所述准直膜层的厚度为100nm-1000nm。
进一步地,所述背光模组包括蓝光背光灯板、侧发光背光模组或Mini-LED背光模组中的一种。
进一步地,所述液晶层的材料包括热致液晶或溶致液晶,所述液晶的材料包括联苯液晶、苯基环己烷液晶或酯类液晶。
进一步地,所述聚合物分散液晶层的材料包括散射型液晶;所述散射型液晶包括多个液晶分子和网状聚合物。
本发明其中一实施例中提供一种显示装置,包括上述显示面板。
本发明提供了一种显示面板及显示装置,采用双盒厚液晶显示技术,其中的一层液晶盒为控光液晶盒,另一层液晶盒为显示液晶盒,通过降低控光液晶盒暗态漏光,提升了控光液晶盒透过率,保证了双盒液晶显示器白态亮度,实现了高亮度和高对比度显示,弥补了LCD显示技术相较于OLED显示技术在对比度方面的差异性,并保证了LCD相较于OLED的成本优势。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是现有的一种显示装置的漏光原理示意图;
图2是本发明实施例中一种显示装置的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例中控光液晶盒在散射态时的出光示意图;
图4为本发明实施例中控光液晶盒在透明态时的出光示意图;
图5是本发明实施例中准直膜层的限制散射态的大角度光线通过的原理图;
图6是本发明实施例中显示装置与现有显示装置的对比度对比图。
图中部件标识如下:
10、背光模组,20、控光液晶盒,21、控光上基板,
22、聚合物分散液晶层,23、控光下基板,30、准直膜层,
40、显示液晶盒,41、显示上基板,42、液晶层,
43、显示下基板,44、下偏光片,45、上偏光片,
50、盖板,100、显示面板。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要指出的是,在附图中,为了图示的清晰可能夸大了层和区域的尺寸。而且可以理解,当元件或层被称为在另一元件或层“上”时,它可以直接在其他元件上,或者可以存在中间的层。另外,可以理解,当元件或层被称为在另一元件或层“下”时,它可以直接在其他元件下,或者可以存在一个以上的中间的层或元件。另外,还可以理解,当层或元件被称为在两层或两个元件“之间”时,它可以为两层或两个元件之间惟一的层,或还可以存在一个以上的中间层或元件。通篇相似的参考标记指示相似的元件。
请参阅图2所示,本发明的其中一实施例中,提供一种显示面板100,其包括从下至上依次层叠设置的背光模组10、控光液晶盒20、准直膜层30和显示液晶盒40;具体地讲,所述控光液晶盒20设于所述背光模组10上;所述准直膜层30设于所述控光液晶盒20上,能够限制散射态的大角度光线通过;所述显示液晶盒40设于所述准直膜层30上;其中,所述控光液晶盒20包括控光上基板21、控光下基板23以及在所述控光上基板21和所述控光下基板23之间的聚合物分散液晶层22;所述显示液晶盒40包括显示上基板41、显示下基板43以及在所述显示上基板41和所述显示下基板43之间的液晶层42。
请同时参阅图1、图2、图3和图4,图3为所述显示面板100包括所述准直膜层30后,所述控光液晶盒20在散射态时,所述准直膜层30限制了散射态的大角度光线(图中箭头表示)通过,漏光得到明显改善。图4为所述控光液晶盒20在透明态出光示意图,所述控光液晶盒20具有较高穿透率,加之所述准直膜层30不限制小角度出光,所述显示面板100的亮度不会受到较大影响。
所述控光液晶盒20和所述准直膜层30共同实现控光功能,所述控光液晶盒20显示模式为TN模式,像素电极和共电极分别位于所述控光上基板21和所述控光下基板23上,为增大所述控光液晶盒20透过率,优选所述控光上基板21无彩膜光阻和黑色矩阵光阻,无上下偏光片架构。所述控光下基板23能够控制所述聚合物分散液晶层22的液晶旋转使其在高雾散射态和透明态之间切换,所述控光液晶盒20的驱动电压为±(5V-7V)。
本实施例中,所述准直膜层30为氮化硅与氧化硅的交替膜层。即所述准直膜层30同时包括氧化硅层31以及氮化硅层32。
如图5所示,所述准直膜层30由氧化硅层31以及氮化硅层32的多膜层结构组成角度控光膜层,如果为小角度出光,图5中的光线B,反射光线经过两层膜层折射后,在表面形成反射光3和反射光4,如果反射光3和反射光4的相位差为π,则相干相消的原理反射率为0,在根据光线能量守恒原理,光线基本上在膜层中全透过,因此小角度光可以透过。如果为大角度出光,图5中的光线A,则会产生反射光1和反射光2,因为反射光1、反射光2的光程差与反射光3、反射光4不一样,不满足相干相消的原理,反射光在膜层表面被反射,则光线A透过膜层的光就减少。光程差和膜层的厚度和折射率相关,设计合适的膜层厚度就可以满足大角度光多数被反射,小角度光多数实现出射。
本实施例中,所述准直膜层30的膜层数为10-50层;所述准直膜层30的厚度为100nm-1000nm。所述准直膜层30能够通过垂直于所述准直膜层30所在平面的0°-40°范围的光线,即所述准直膜层30能够通过角度范围在40°以内的光线。
如图6的实施例,BLU曲线表示现有显示装置的聚合物分散液晶层(PNLC)在透明态情况下的亮度随角度变化的曲线,BLU+PNLC曲线表示本实施例中显示装置的所述控光液晶盒20在散射态时的亮度随角度变化的曲线,如果没有所述准直膜层30,则全视角平均对比度可以认为是两条曲线围成的面积之比,如果可以加了一层所述准直膜层30,将40°以外的光取出,尤其是将30°以外的光取出,BLU+PNLC曲线去除的比例更大,BLU曲线去除的比例小,BLU曲线和BLU+PNLC曲线围成的面积比值会增大,全视角平均对比度就会增大。
本实施例中,所述液晶层42为现有技术的普通液晶,所述液晶层42的材料包括热致液晶或溶致液晶,所述液晶的材料包括联苯液晶、苯基环己烷液晶或酯类液晶。所述聚合物分散液晶层22的材料包括散射型液晶;所述散射型液晶包括多个液晶分子和网状聚合物,可实现透明态和画面显示态的切换。
所述液晶层42即普通液晶在施加电压后液晶分子发生旋转,控制光的透过率实现灰阶显示;所述聚合物分散液晶层22中由于增加了某些聚合物,二者折射率不同,通过电压控制液晶和网状聚合物的表面产生折射率差,使得光线透过或者在二者表面发生散射,因此可以实现透明态或者散射态。在透明态下可以透光,散射态下实现光线的散射进而用于显示画面。
所述聚合物分散液晶层22使用的具体过程为:液晶与网状聚合物具有相同的各向异性的介电常数,两种材料均具有双折射现象,当施加的电压高于阈值电压时,液晶分子发生旋转,其方向沿着垂直方向排列,改变了液晶的介电常数的各向异性的特性,在光矢方向上液晶和网状聚合物折射率相当,因此在液晶和网状聚合物的表面不产生折射率差,光线在此处不发生散射,所述控光液晶盒20呈现透明态。不加电压或电压低于阈值电压时,液晶分子呈水平排列,在光矢方向液晶和网状聚合物折射率差异较大,光线在此处发生散射,所述控光液晶盒20呈现散射态。
其中所述聚合物分散液晶层22的液晶与所述液晶层42的液晶材料相同;优选所述聚合物分散液晶层22中的聚合物网状物含量较高,散射态时所述控光液晶盒20大角度散射光较多,暗态漏光比较严重,控光作用有限,在散射态时所述控光液晶盒20的穿透率仍有40%以上。
本实施例所述准直膜层30能够抑制大角度的散射光,通过小角度的光线,控光作用明显提升,有效降低了所述控光液晶盒20暗态漏光,提升了所述控光液晶盒20透过率,保证了双盒液晶显示器白态亮度,实现了高亮度和高对比度显示,弥补了LCD显示技术相较于OLED显示技术在对比度方面的差异性,并保证了LCD相较于OLED的成本优势。
所述控光液晶盒20的盒厚满足Δnd=λ/4,其中Δn为液晶的折射率各向异性,d为盒厚,Δnd表示光程差,λ为波长,λ数值为380nm-780nm,λ数值优选为500nm、550nm、600nm。
继续参阅图2,在本实施例中,所述显示面板100还包括:下偏光片44,设于所述显示液晶盒40下方;以及上偏光片45,设于所述显示液晶盒40上方。具体的,所述显示液晶盒40的显示模式为TN模式、VA模式或IPS/FFS模式,所述显示上基板41包含彩膜光阻和黑色矩阵光阻,所述显示液晶盒40的驱动电压为±(4V-6V)。优选的,所述彩膜光阻的绿光像素和红光像素采用量子点彩色滤光片(QDCF)材料,采用蓝光激发光时实现高色域显示。
其中所述显示液晶盒40的盒厚满足Δnd=λ/4,其中Δn为液晶的折射率各向异性,d为盒厚,Δnd表示光程差,λ为波长,λ数值为380nm-780nm,λ数值优选为500nm、550nm、600nm。
本实施例中,所述显示面板100还包括盖板50,所述盖板50设于所述显示液晶盒40上,用于保护所述显示面板100。
本实施例中,所述背光模组10包括蓝光背光灯板、侧发光背光模组10或Mini-LED背光模组10中的一种。
本发明其中一实施例中提供一种显示装置,包括上述显示面板100。
本发明的显示装置可适用于各种场合,可与各种器件、结构相结合,既可以是显示面板,也可为带有显示功能的其他设备,例如平板电脑、电视机、显示橱窗等。应该理解,为了实现功能,本发明的显示装置带有在本说明书中未示出的其他器件、结构等。
本发明提供了一种显示面板及显示装置,采用双盒厚液晶显示技术,其中的一层液晶盒为控光液晶盒,另一层液晶盒为显示液晶盒,通过降低控光液晶盒暗态漏光,提升了控光液晶盒透过率,保证了双盒液晶显示器白态亮度,实现了高亮度和高对比度显示,弥补了LCD显示技术相较于OLED显示技术在对比度方面的差异性,并保证了LCD相较于OLED的成本优势。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种显示面板,其特征在于,包括:
背光模组;
控光液晶盒,设于所述背光模组上;
准直膜层,设于所述控光液晶盒上,能够限制散射态的大角度光线通过;以及
显示液晶盒,设于所述准直膜层上;
其中,所述控光液晶盒包括控光上基板、控光下基板以及在所述控光上基板和所述控光下基板之间的聚合物分散液晶层;
所述显示液晶盒包括显示上基板、显示下基板以及在所述显示上基板和所述显示下基板之间的液晶层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,还包括:
下偏光片,设于所述显示液晶盒下;以及
上偏光片,设于所述显示液晶盒上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,还包括:
盖板,设于所述显示液晶盒上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述准直膜层为氮化硅与氧化硅的交替膜层。
5.据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述准直膜层的膜层数为10-50层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述准直膜层的厚度为100nm-1000nm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述背光模组包括蓝光背光灯板、侧发光背光模组或Mini-LED背光模组中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述液晶层的材料包括热致液晶或溶致液晶,所述液晶的材料包括联苯液晶、苯基环己烷液晶或酯类液晶。
9.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述聚合物分散液晶层的材料包括散射型液晶;所述散射型液晶包括多个液晶分子和网状聚合物。
10.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-9中任一项所述的显示面板。
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