CN110670170A - Process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes - Google Patents
Process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes Download PDFInfo
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- fly ash
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes, which comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, mixing the raw materials, and melting the raw materials to form fibers. The invention relates to a process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes, which mixes the circuit board powder with fly ash, slag and fly ash of a refuse incineration plant, fully utilizes the heat generated by the combustion of epoxy resin in the circuit board powder in the high-temperature melting fiber forming process, reduces the input of the heat of fuels such as external coke and the like in the melting process, and reduces the process energy consumption, thereby reducing the process cost and the recycling capital investment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste resource recycling, in particular to a process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes.
Background
In recent years, the electronic information industry has developed rapidly, and electronic products are replaced and replaced without perfect purpose, so that electronic wastes such as circuit board leftover materials, powder materials and the like are inevitably generated. At present, the waste recovery treatment of circuit board leftover materials and powder materials is limited, on one hand, only metal parts are recovered, waste residues are still generated, the waste residues need to be buried or burned, the environment is still polluted, the ecological pressure is increased, on the other hand, the recovery energy consumption and the recovery cost are high, and the method is not suitable for large-scale application. Moreover, the main components of the currently produced composite circuit board are epoxy resin and glass fiber, the epoxy resin can generate a large amount of heat in the combustion process, and meanwhile, the combustion product is environment-friendly and pollution-free and can be used as a clean dye to replace coke, natural gas and the like, so that the energy consumption cost is reduced.
A garbage incineration plant incinerates tens of thousands of tons of garbage every day, a large amount of coal resources are consumed, a large amount of fly ash and fly ash can be entrained in flue gas, if the large amount of fly ash and fly ash are not treated in time, dust can be generated, the atmosphere is polluted, the air quality is reduced, and the living environment of human health is influenced; if the waste water is discharged into a river water system, river blockage and harmful substance accumulation can be caused, vegetation is influenced, and ecological safety is harmed; meanwhile, a large amount of slag is generated by burning coal, and if the slag is not recycled, the occupied space and resources are discarded, so that the waste of resources is also great.
Chinese patent CN108383370A discloses an inorganic fiber and a process for preparing an inorganic fiber by using fly ash. The process for preparing the inorganic fiber by utilizing the fly ash comprises the following steps: mixing the fly ash and a calcium silicon inorganic substance to obtain a first mixture, wherein the mass of the calcium silicon inorganic substance is 1-5% of that of the first mixture. The first mixture is heated at 1200 ℃ and 2200 ℃, and then the molten slurry obtained by heating is led into a fiber forming system for forming fibers. By adding the silicon-calcium compound into the fly ash, the content of the calcium compound and the silicon compound in the first mixture is increased, the content of the fiber-forming substance in the first mixture is increased, and meanwhile, the fly ash granulation is facilitated, and the preparation of fibers is ensured.
Chinese patent CN102181127B discloses a preparation method of a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material modified by circuit board recycled powder. Modifying the glass fiber by a coupling agent to obtain a glass fiber reinforcement with surface activity; performing active treatment on the surface of the dried circuit board recovery powder, and mixing the circuit board recovery powder with epoxy resin to obtain a circuit board recovery powder filling modified epoxy resin matrix; and finally, compounding the coupling agent modified glass fiber reinforcement and the epoxy resin matrix modified by the circuit board recovered powder filling to obtain the circuit board recovered powder modified glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
Chinese patent CN101289274B discloses a method for preparing inorganic fibers by using blast furnace slag and fly ash, belonging to the field of preparation of non-metallic materials. The method takes blast furnace slag and fly ash as main raw materials to prepare inorganic fiber with certain diameter and length and certain flexibility and strength. In summary, the method comprises: and preparing the liquid mixture of the blast furnace slag and the fly ash into filaments, and cooling the filaments to obtain the inorganic fibers. The blast furnace slag is preferably present in the liquid mixture in a range of 10 to 90% by weight and the fly ash is preferably present in a range of 90 to 10% by weight. In addition, additives can be added into the mixture of the blast furnace slag and the fly ash.
Therefore, aiming at the problems, the invention provides a process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes, which solves the problems that the energy consumption of the existing process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling waste incineration wastes is high, the used combustion products of fuels such as coke contain substances such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and the like, the environment is easily polluted, and simultaneously, the existing circuit board powder is unreasonable to recycle, and the heat generated by the combustion of the circuit board powder cannot be fully utilized, so that the resource waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the process for preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous wastes comprises the following steps:
respectively recovering circuit board powder, fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for later use;
step two, mixing and grinding the circuit board powder in the step one with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for 4 to 5 hours, adding an auxiliary agent, and shearing and dispersing for 10 to 20 minutes to obtain a mixed material;
and step three, adding the mixed material in the step two into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 650-850 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for smelting at 650-850 ℃ for 10 min-20 min, heating the smelting furnace to 1250-1350 ℃ at the speed of 5-8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for smelting at 1250-1350 ℃ for 5 min-10 min, and preparing the inorganic fiber with the diameter of 0.02-0.05 mm by using high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment.
Further, in the step one, the particle size of the circuit board powder is 0.2 mm-0.5 mm. The recovered circuit board powder mainly comprises epoxy resin and glass fiber, and in the process of mixing with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged from a waste incineration plant to form molten fluid, the epoxy resin in the circuit board powder is combusted to generate a large amount of heat, so that the mixed material is formed and the molten fluid is conveyed into high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment to be made into inorganic fiber.
Furthermore, in the second step, the mesh number of the slag is 40-60 meshes.
Further, in the step one, the porosity of the fly ash is 50% -60%.
Further, in the step one, the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.2-1.5: 3.0: 3.5 to 4.5.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.3: 3.0: 4.0.
furthermore, in the second step, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.2-0.5% of the total mass of the circuit board powder and the fly ash, the slag and the fly ash discharged by the waste incineration plant.
And further, in the second step, the auxiliary agent is glass ceramic, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate according to a mass ratio of 2: 0.5-0.6: 1, in a mixture of the components. The addition of the glass ceramic in the auxiliary agent can enhance the adhesion of each raw material powder, so that the granulation is more stable, the addition of the polyvinyl alcohol and the sodium lauryl sulfate has certain ionic activity, the interface activity of the raw material powder can be improved, the uniformly dispersed circuit board powder, fly ash discharged from a waste incineration plant, slag and fly ash are combined, the softening effect is achieved, the granulation is more stable, and the toughness and the strength of the prepared inorganic fiber are improved.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the process for preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous waste mixes the circuit board powder with the fly ash, the slag and the fly ash of a refuse incineration plant, fully utilizes the heat generated by the combustion of the epoxy resin in the circuit board powder in the high-temperature melting fiber forming process, reduces the input of the heat of fuels such as external coke and the like in the melting process, and reduces the process energy consumption, thereby reducing the process cost and the recycling capital investment;
2. the process for preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous waste realizes the maximization of resource utilization, effectively reduces air pollution, environmental damage and ecological pressure caused by fly ash discharge of a waste incineration plant, promotes ecological balance and sustainable development, and accords with the green environmental protection concept;
3. according to the process for preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous waste, the obtained inorganic fiber has good flexibility, high strength and excellent mechanical property, can be used for preparing basic materials such as building heat-insulating materials and heat-insulating materials, and has a wide application field;
4. the process for preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous waste has the advantages of simple steps, less energy consumption and low production cost.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be practiced in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1
Process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes
The method comprises the following steps:
respectively recovering circuit board powder, fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for later use;
in the above, the particle size of the circuit board powder is 0.2 mm; the mesh number of the slag is 40 meshes; the porosity of the fly ash is 50%; the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.2: 3.0: 3.5.
step two, mixing and grinding the circuit board powder in the step one with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for 4 hours, adding an auxiliary agent, and shearing and dispersing for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed material;
in the above, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.2% of the total mass of the circuit board powder, the fly ash, the slag and the fly ash discharged from the waste incineration plant; the auxiliary agent is glass ceramic, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate according to a mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1, in a mixture of the components.
And step three, adding the mixed material in the step two into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 650 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 650 ℃ for 10min, heating the smelting furnace to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 1250 ℃ for 5min, and preparing the inorganic fiber with the diameter of 0.02mm by using high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment.
Example 2
Process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes
The method comprises the following steps:
respectively recovering circuit board powder, fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for later use;
in the above, the particle size of the circuit board powder is 0.5 mm; the mesh number of the slag is 60; the porosity of the fly ash is 60%; the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.5: 3.0: 4.5.
step two, mixing and grinding the circuit board powder in the step one with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for 5 hours, adding an auxiliary agent, and shearing and dispersing for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed material;
in the above, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.5% of the total mass of the circuit board powder, the fly ash, the slag and the fly ash discharged from the waste incineration plant; the auxiliary agent is glass ceramic, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate according to a mass ratio of 2: 0.6: 1, in a mixture of the components.
And step three, adding the mixed material in the step two into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 850 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 850 ℃ for 20min, heating the smelting furnace to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 1350 ℃ for 10min, and preparing the inorganic fiber with the diameter of 0.05mm by using high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment.
Example 3
Process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes
The method comprises the following steps:
respectively recovering circuit board powder, fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for later use;
in the above, the particle size of the circuit board powder is 0.3 mm; the mesh number of the slag is 40 meshes; the porosity of the fly ash is 52%; the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.3: 3.0: 3.7.
step two, mixing and grinding the circuit board powder in the step one with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for 4.2 hours, adding an auxiliary agent, and shearing and dispersing for 12 minutes to obtain a mixed material;
in the above, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.3% of the total mass of the circuit board powder, the fly ash, the slag and the fly ash discharged from the waste incineration plant; the auxiliary agent is glass ceramic, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate according to a mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1, in a mixture of the components.
And step three, adding the mixed material in the step two into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 700 ℃ at the speed of 12 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 700 ℃ for 12min, heating the smelting furnace to 1270 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 1270 ℃ for 6min, and then preparing the inorganic fiber with the diameter of 0.03mm by using high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment.
Example 4
Process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes
The method comprises the following steps:
respectively recovering circuit board powder, fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for later use;
in the above, the particle size of the circuit board powder is 0.4 mm; the mesh number of the slag is 60 meshes; the porosity of the fly ash is 58%; the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.4: 3.0: 4.3.
step two, mixing and grinding the circuit board powder in the step one with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for 4.8 hours, adding an auxiliary agent, and shearing and dispersing for 18 minutes to obtain a mixed material;
in the above, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.4% of the total mass of the circuit board powder, the fly ash, the slag and the fly ash discharged from the waste incineration plant; the auxiliary agent is glass ceramic, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate according to a mass ratio of 2: 0.6: 1, in a mixture of the components.
And step three, adding the mixed material in the step two into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 800 ℃ at the speed of 18 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 800 ℃ for 18min, heating the smelting furnace to 1320 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 1320 ℃ for 7min, and preparing the inorganic fiber with the diameter of 0.04mm by using high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment.
Example 5
Process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes
The method comprises the following steps:
respectively recovering circuit board powder, fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for later use;
in the above, the particle size of the circuit board powder is 0.3 mm; the mesh number of the slag is 50 meshes; the porosity of the fly ash is 55%; the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.3: 3.0: 4.0.
step two, mixing and grinding the circuit board powder in the step one with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for 4.5 hours, adding an auxiliary agent, and shearing and dispersing for 15 minutes to obtain a mixed material;
in the above, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.3% of the total mass of the circuit board powder, the fly ash, the slag and the fly ash discharged from the waste incineration plant; the auxiliary agent is glass ceramic, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate according to a mass ratio of 2: 0.55: 1, in a mixture of the components.
And step three, adding the mixed material in the step two into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 750 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 750 ℃ for 15min, heating the smelting furnace to 1300 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation smelting at the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 7min, and preparing the inorganic fiber with the diameter of 0.04mm by using high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment.
Examples of the experiments
Test 1: the inorganic fibers obtained by the process for preparing the inorganic fibers by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous wastes in the embodiments 1-5 are subjected to performance detection analysis according to GB/T8624-;
TABLE 1 results of performance test analysis of the inorganic fibers prepared in examples 1 to 5
From the results in table 1, it can be seen that the inorganic fibers obtained by the processes for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes in embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention all meet the specifications, have good fire resistance grade and high stability, can be used for preparing building fire-resistant and fireproof materials, have excellent toughness and strength, and can be used in various environments.
And (3) testing 2: the coke consumption in the process of preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous waste in the embodiment 1-5 of the application is counted, and compared with the coke consumption in the process of preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the solid waste without adding the recycled circuit board powder, the coke consumption reduction (%) is analyzed, and the results are as follows:
TABLE 2 Coke consumption analysis of inorganic fibers prepared in examples 1 to 5
As can be seen from the above table 2, the circuit board powder is added and recovered in the process of preparing the inorganic fiber by recycling the circuit board powder and the hazardous waste, the consumption of the coke in the smelting process is obviously reduced, and the cost is saved while the environmental pollution and the ecological pressure generated by the combustion of the coke are reduced.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A process for preparing inorganic fibers by recycling circuit board powder and hazardous wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively recovering circuit board powder, fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for later use;
step two, mixing and grinding the circuit board powder in the step one with fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged by a waste incineration plant for 4 to 5 hours, adding an auxiliary agent, and shearing and dispersing for 10 to 20 minutes to obtain a mixed material;
and step three, adding the mixed material in the step two into a smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace to 650-850 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for smelting at 650-850 ℃ for 10 min-20 min, heating the smelting furnace to 1250-1350 ℃ at the speed of 5-8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for smelting at 1250-1350 ℃ for 5 min-10 min, and preparing the inorganic fiber with the diameter of 0.02-0.05 mm by using high-speed centrifugal fiber forming equipment.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein in the first step, the particle size of the circuit board powder is 0.2mm to 0.5 mm.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein in step one, the mesh size of the slag is 40-60 mesh.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the porosity of the fly ash is 50 to 60%.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged from a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.2-1.5: 3.0: 3.5 to 4.5.
6. The process according to claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the circuit board powder to the fly ash, slag and fly ash discharged from a waste incineration plant is 1: 1.3: 3.0: 4.0.
7. the process according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.2-0.5% of the total mass of the circuit board powder, the fly ash discharged from the waste incineration plant, the slag and the fly ash.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the auxiliary agent is glass ceramic, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate in a mass ratio of 2: 0.5-0.6: 1, in a mixture of the components.
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