CN110668640A - Landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment and method thereof - Google Patents
Landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110668640A CN110668640A CN201910963753.5A CN201910963753A CN110668640A CN 110668640 A CN110668640 A CN 110668640A CN 201910963753 A CN201910963753 A CN 201910963753A CN 110668640 A CN110668640 A CN 110668640A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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Abstract
The invention discloses landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment and a method thereof. The equipment is divided into an underground unit and an above-ground unit. The underground unit is sequentially divided into a grating, an adjusting tank, a sludge tank, an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank, a sedimentation tank and an advanced treatment tank (optional), so that the effluent can stably reach the first-class A standard of pollutant discharge Standard of urban wastewater treatment plants (GB 18918-2002). Wherein the anaerobic tank is composed of sectional anaerobic baffle plates, the aerobic tank adopts a micropore aeration and three-dimensional soft filler device, the sedimentation tank is internally provided with a drum filter, and the advanced treatment tank can be selectively matched with a membrane bioreactor and disinfection treatment equipment according to treatment requirements. The ground unit mainly comprises a vegetation area and a control system. Wherein the plant is fixed by the supporting net, the root system extends in the anaerobic and aerobic tanks, and the control system is positioned above the sedimentation tank. The invention is an integrated sewage treatment device with low energy consumption, flexible combination and stable performance, and has the functions of beautifying the environment, education, publicity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment and a using method thereof.
Background
With the development of economy and the increasing improvement of living standard, the increase of rural domestic water leads to the continuous increase of sewage discharge; in addition, the rural sewage has the characteristics of numerous pollution sources, dispersion, large impact load and the like, and most of the rural sewage cannot be effectively treated. The urban large-scale sewage treatment plant is limited by the characteristics of rural sewage and the hysteresis of sewage pipe network construction, and is difficult to perform centralized treatment on the rural sewage. Meanwhile, the state puts forward higher requirements on the discharge standard of sewage treatment.
Although the existing sewage treatment equipment can effectively treat rural sewage and meet the discharge standard of the first-level B, the existing sewage treatment equipment still has the defects of poor load impact resistance, high energy consumption, high manual maintenance cost, large smell, low automation degree and the like, and meanwhile, the equipment does not have a very high upgrading and transformation space and cannot meet the increasing water quality requirement of the country and the improvement of the quality of life of people.
Disclosure of Invention
The landscape type combined sewage treatment technology has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible combination, stable performance, low energy consumption, high automation degree, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, ecological and attractive appearance and the like, and can stably reach the first-class A or above of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a landscape type combined sewage treatment device comprises an above-ground unit and an underground unit, wherein the underground unit comprises a grating area, a sludge tank, a regulating tank, an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank and a sedimentation tank; the ground unit comprises a vegetation area, a control system and a fan; the grating area, the regulating tank, the anaerobic tank, the aerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are communicated in sequence through pipelines;
the outlet pipeline of the regulating tank is provided with a lift pump for pumping sewage in the regulating tank into the anaerobic tank; a plurality of vertical partition plates are arranged at the bottom in the anaerobic tank in a direction vertical to the water flow direction, and divide the interior of the anaerobic tank into a plurality of compartments by the partition plates; baffle plates arranged in parallel with the partition plates are arranged in the compartments, the compartments are divided into an upstream chamber and a downstream chamber which are communicated with each other at the bottoms through the baffle plates, and water flows between the adjacent compartments through the tops of the partition plates; the bottoms of a plurality of compartments positioned at the upstream in the anaerobic tank are provided with sewage inlets, the bottoms of a plurality of compartments positioned at the downstream are provided with backflow water inlets, and the sewage inlets are communicated with the water outlet of the regulating tank through pipelines, so that sectional water inlet in the anaerobic tank is realized; the lower end of the baffle plate is provided with a bending end, and the sewage inlet and the backflow inlet are both positioned below the bending ends of the baffle plates of the respective compartments; a rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device and a micropore aeration device are arranged in the aerobic tank; the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device comprises a three-dimensional soft filler, a fixed frame, a gear device and a motor, wherein the three-dimensional soft filler is fixed on the fixed frame, and the fixed frame is sequentially connected with the gear device and the motor through a transmission shaft to realize rotation; the bottom of the aerobic tank is provided with a backflow port, the backflow port is connected with each backflow water inlet in the anaerobic tank through a backflow pipeline provided with a backflow pump, and mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the interior of the anaerobic tank in a sectional mode; the bottom of the sludge tank is provided with a sludge discharge port, and the top of the sludge tank is provided with an exhaust pipe; excess sludge generated in the grating area, the regulating tank and the sedimentation tank is respectively pumped into a sludge tank through a sludge pump arranged on a sludge pipeline, and the sludge tank leads generated biogas into an aerobic tank through an exhaust pipe for absorption; the regulating tank, the anaerobic tank, the aerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are all provided with water level sensors, and a multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe is arranged at a water outlet of the sedimentation tank; the vegetation area is positioned above the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank, a plant supporting net is laid above the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank, emergent aquatic plants are planted on the plant supporting net, and root systems of the emergent aquatic plants extend into the lower parts of the liquid levels of the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank; the fan is connected with the micropore aeration device through the air inlet pipe.
Preferably, the number of the compartments of the anaerobic tank is 4-6, the upward flow width of the compartments is 2-4 compared with the downward flow width, and the length-width-height ratio is 1:2: 1.5; the bending angle of the lower end of the baffle plate is 45-50 degrees.
Preferably, the underground unit further comprises a deep treatment tank, the effluent treated by the sedimentation tank enters the deep treatment tank through a pipeline, and the deep treatment tank comprises a denitrification filter tank and a disinfection tank.
Preferably, the three-dimensional soft filler comprises a threadlike filler and a central rope, and the threadlike filler is fixedly inserted into the central rope; the strand-like filler is made of polyolefins or polyamides; the fixed frame is of a cylindrical steel structure and comprises an upper circular steel ring, a lower circular steel ring and a hollow shaft for connecting the upper circular steel ring and the lower circular steel ring; the head and the tail ends of the central ropes are respectively fixed on the upper and the lower circular steel rings of the fixed frame, and the interval between the central ropes is 20 cm; the rotating speed of the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device is not higher than 30 revolutions per minute during operation
Preferably, the microporous aeration device is an aeration pipe connected with a fan, uniform air holes are distributed on the aeration pipe, and the aperture of the air holes is 50-80 μm.
Preferably, a rotary drum filter device is arranged in the sedimentation tank, the filtering aperture is 100um, and the rotating speed is 1-20 r/min.
Preferably, the photovoltaic system is further arranged and is connected with the power distribution cabinet through a wire by utilizing an inverter; the power distribution cabinet is connected with each electric device for power supply.
Preferably, the anaerobic tank, the aerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are connected by equal-caliber pipelines, the water outlet of each unit is 5cm lower than the water inlet of the unit, the water inlet of the next unit is 5cm lower than the water outlet of the previous unit, automatic overflow of sewage is realized, and additional power is not needed.
Preferably, the water level sensor and the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe are connected with the control system through data lines to form feedback control; the control system monitors and analyzes relevant data of each processing unit in real time through the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe and the water level sensor, and respectively adjusts the flow, the aeration amount and the mixed liquid reflux ratio by controlling the lifting pump, the fan and the reflux pump.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a sewage treatment method of landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to any one of the above aspects, which comprises the following steps:
1) sewage to be treated flows into the grating area from the water inlet, and most of large-particle solid impurities in the sewage are removed through the filtering and intercepting action of the grating;
2) the effluent treated by the grating zone flows into a regulating tank for temporary storage;
3) pumping sewage in the regulating tank into a plurality of water inlets at the bottom of the anaerobic tank through a lifting pump, slowing down the water flow speed of high-speed water flow entering each compartment through the blocking action of the bent end at the bottom of the baffle plate, and enabling the high-speed water flow to flow in an up-and-down arc shape in the anaerobic tank under the guidance of the baffle plate and the partition plate; carrying out anaerobic treatment on the sewage in an anaerobic tank to remove partial organic matters and nitrate nitrogen and carry out anaerobic phosphorus release;
4) sewage treated by the anaerobic tank enters the aerobic tank in a self-flowing mode, the motor drives the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device to realize the stirring of water flow, and microorganisms are gradually attached to the surface of the three-dimensional soft filler along with the flowing of the water flow to form a biological membrane; an aeration pipe arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank aerates and oxygenizes sewage in the tank through a fan, so that pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like are further removed;
the bottom of the aerobic tank is provided with a return port, and the return port returns the mixed liquid in the aerobic tank to the interior of the anaerobic tank through a return pump arranged on a return pipeline; the mixed liquid can flow back to different compartments of the anaerobic tank, so that the hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the anaerobic tank is changed, and the deep removal of pollutants is achieved;
emergent aquatic plants arranged in vegetation areas above the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank can further remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water through self absorption of plant roots and a biological film growing on the roots;
5) the sewage treated by the aerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank in a self-flowing mode, and SS and COD in suspended substances in the sewage are further removed through the stirring and filtering action of a rotary drum filter device;
6) when the effluent of the sedimentation tank does not meet the effluent quality requirement, the sewage treated by the sedimentation tank continuously enters an advanced treatment tank through a pipeline for advanced treatment and then is discharged;
in the sewage treatment process, excess sludge generated by the grating, the regulating tank and the sedimentation tank is pumped into a sludge tank through a sludge pump arranged on a sludge pipeline, and the sludge is discharged from the sludge tank through a sludge discharge pump at regular intervals; simultaneously, methane generated by sludge in the sludge tank is introduced into the aerobic tank through an exhaust pipe for deep removal; meanwhile, the control system monitors and analyzes the relevant data of each processing unit in real time through a multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe and a water level sensor, and respectively adjusts the flow, the aeration amount and the mixed liquid reflux ratio by controlling a lifting pump, a fan and a reflux pump; if the concentration of the nitrate and nitrogen in the effluent is too high, the reflux ratio is improved by adjusting the reflux pump, and the denitrification efficiency is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can bear the impact of high organic load by the sectional water inlet arrangement of the anaerobic baffle plate, and can remove nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like by the internal reflux reinforcement of the anaerobic-aerobic area; the aerobic filler treatment mode can effectively increase the total biomass in the system and strengthen the removal of organic matters and nutrients; because of the higher specific surface area of the plant root system, the total microbial biomass in the anaerobic and aerobic tanks can be improved, the concentration of suspended sludge can be reduced, the amount of excess sludge can be reduced, and the dredging cost can be reduced; the growth of the plants can absorb the odor, carbon dioxide and the like generated in the reaction process of the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank, thereby reducing the secondary pollution and having certain ornamental effect; the photovoltaic system can supply power to a fan, a reflux pump, an automatic control system and the like, so that the energy consumption is reduced; advanced treatment units such as a denitrification filter, disinfection equipment and the like can be arranged in the advanced treatment tank, so that the requirement of higher effluent quality is further met. The impact load resistance is strong, and the effluent can stably reach the first grade A or above of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants. The whole set of device has flexible combination, energy conservation, consumption reduction, stable performance, simple and convenient operation and maintenance and ecological and beautiful appearance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the rotatable three-dimensional flexible packing transmission device shown in FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. the system comprises a water level sensor, 2, a regulating tank, 3, an anaerobic tank, 4, an aerobic tank, 5, a sludge tank, 6, an advanced treatment tank, 7, a vegetation area, 8, a power distribution cabinet, 9, a sedimentation tank, 10, a control system, 11, a photovoltaic system, 12, a fan, 13, a reflux pump, 14, a plant support net, 15, a grating area, 16, a water inlet, 17, a water outlet, 18, an aeration pipe, 19, a multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe, 20, a sludge pump, 21, an exhaust pipe, 22, a lifting pump, 23, a rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device, 24, a central rope, 25, a tapered roller bearing, 26, a transmission shaft, 27, a fixed frame, 29, a gear device, 30, a motor and 31, and a rotary drum filter device.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
As shown in figure 1, the landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment comprises an above-ground unit and an underground unit, wherein the underground unit comprises a grating area 15, a sludge tank 5, a regulating tank 2, an anaerobic tank 3, an aerobic tank 4 and a sedimentation tank 9, and the above-ground unit comprises a vegetation area 7, a control system 10 and a fan 12. The grid area 15, the adjusting tank 2, the anaerobic tank 3, the aerobic tank 4 and the sedimentation tank 9 are communicated in sequence through pipelines, and sewage treatment processes are sequentially carried out. In the embodiment, the anaerobic tank 3, the aerobic tank 4 and the sedimentation tank 9 are connected by equal-caliber pipelines, the water outlet of each unit is 5cm lower than the water inlet of the unit, the water inlet of the next unit is 5cm lower than the water outlet of the previous unit, so that automatic overflow of sewage is realized, and additional power is not needed. The structure of each part will be described in detail below.
The grid area 15 is located at the foremost end of the inlet water, and a grid is arranged in the grid area to carry out a sewage filtering process. The sewage filtered by the grating area 15 enters the adjusting tank 2.
The equalizing basin 2 is used for adjusting quality of water, reduces undulantly, and its outlet pipeline is equipped with elevator pump 22 for go into anaerobism pond 3 with sewage pump in the equalizing basin, can adjust the water treatment flow in the whole technology operation process through elevator pump 22.
The anaerobic tank 3 adopts a sectional water inlet type anaerobic baffle plate reactor, the bottom of the anaerobic tank is provided with different compartment water inlets to realize sectional water inlet, the anaerobic tank has strong organic pollutant load resistance and has the effects of removing COD, denitrification and dephosphorization. The concrete structure is as follows: the bottom in the tank body is provided with a plurality of vertical clapboards perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the inside of the anaerobic tank 3 is divided into a plurality of compartments by the clapboards. And each compartment is provided with a baffle plate arranged in parallel with the partition plate, the compartment is divided into an upstream chamber and a downstream chamber which are communicated with each other at the bottom by the baffle plate, and water flows between the adjacent compartments through the top of the partition plate. In this embodiment, the left side of fig. 1 is a down flow chamber, the right side is an up flow chamber, and the water flows downwards in the down flow chamber, then bypasses the bottom of the baffle plate and enters the up flow chamber, and then passes through the top of the partition plate and enters the down flow chamber of the next compartment, and the circulation is performed sequentially. The bottoms of a plurality of compartments positioned at the upstream in the anaerobic tank 3 are provided with sewage inlets, the bottoms of a plurality of compartments positioned at the downstream are provided with backflow water inlets, the sewage inlets are communicated with the water outlet of the regulating tank 2 through pipelines, so that the water inflow in the regulating tank 2 can be pumped into different compartments of the anaerobic tank 3, the hydraulic retention time is changed, and the sectional water inflow in the anaerobic tank 3 is realized. The same backflow water inlet is the same segmented water inlet principle, which will be described in detail later. Because the water flow has a higher initial speed when entering the compartment and is easy to disturb the anaerobic tank, the lower end of the baffle plate is provided with a bent end, namely the baffle plate is bent from the bottom to one side, and the baffle plate has a lower flow chamber and an upper flow chamber which are bent in the embodiment so as to ensure the smooth water flow. Then all set up sewage water inlet and backward flow water inlet in the baffling board of each compartment below of buckling the end, can offset the initial velocity of intaking through the effect of blockking of baffling board for rivers are mild. In this embodiment, the number of the compartments of the anaerobic tank 3 can be set to 4-6 according to the requirement, the upstream chamber in the compartment is wide: the width of the downflow chamber is 2-4, and the length-width-height ratio is 1:2: 1.5. The bending angle of the lower end of the baffle plate is 45-50 degrees.
The aerobic tank 4 is provided with a rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device 23 and a micropore aeration device. The fan 12 is connected with the micropore aeration device through an air inlet pipe for supplying oxygen. As shown in fig. 2, the rotatable three-dimensional flexible filler transmission device 23 includes a three-dimensional flexible filler, a fixed frame 27, a gear device 29, and a motor 30, the three-dimensional flexible filler is fixed on the fixed frame 27, the fixed frame 27 is sequentially connected with the gear device 29 and the motor 30 through a transmission shaft 26 to realize rotation, and the transmission shaft 26 is rotatably supported at the bottom of the aerobic tank 4 through a tapered roller bearing 25. The 4 bottoms in good oxygen pond are equipped with the backward flow mouth, and the backward flow mouth is connected each backward flow water inlet in the anaerobism pond 3 respectively through the backflow pipeline that is provided with backwash pump 13, and inside 3 in the anaerobism pond of the sectional type backward flow of mixed liquid in the good oxygen pond 4, the mixed liquid can be different proportion pump income to different compartments and adjust the dwell time of oxygen deficiency denitrification, effectual promotion sewage plant's denitrogenation efficiency. In the present embodiment, the three-dimensional soft packing includes a thread-like packing and a center cord 24. The thread-like filler is made of polyolefine or polyamide, and adopts special drawing and thread-like wool-making process, and the thread-like filler is inserted and fixed on the corrosion-resistant high-strength central rope 24, so that the thread-like filler is in a three-dimensional uniformly-arranged radiation state, and can be fully mixed, infiltrated, contacted and exchanged with gas, water and biological membrane. The fixed frame 27 is a cylindrical steel structure and comprises an upper circular steel ring, a lower circular steel ring and a hollow shaft for connecting the upper circular steel ring and the lower circular steel ring; all the central ropes 24 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction in a manner that the head and the tail ends of the central ropes are respectively fixed on the upper and the lower circular steel rings of the fixed frame 27, and the intervals among the central ropes 24 are 20 cm. The rotating speed of the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device 23 is not higher than 30 revolutions per minute during operation. Under the rotating speeds of 15 revolutions per minute and 30 revolutions per minute, the aerobic tank 4 can be fully stirred to reduce dead zones, the film can be quickly formed, the biomass is increased, the sewage treatment effect is improved, and the output of residual sludge is reduced. The microporous aeration device is used for providing sufficient oxygen for the aerobic tank 4 and maintaining an aerobic environment, and is in the form of an aeration pipe 18 connected with a fan 12, wherein uniform air holes are distributed on the aeration pipe 18, and the aperture of the air holes is 50-80 mu m.
The sedimentation tank 9 is used for settling the effluent and removing sediments such as sludge in the effluent. A rotary drum filter device 31 can be arranged in the sedimentation tank 9, the filtering aperture is 100um, and the rotating speed is 1-20 r/min. The sewage after the aerobic treatment is introduced into a drum filter in the sedimentation tank 9, the sewage rapidly passes through a microfiltration membrane of 100um on the drum under the action of centrifugal force, pollutants such as suspended particles and the like can be intercepted on the inner side of the microfiltration membrane, and suspended matters, COD and the like in the sewage are further removed.
After passing through the sedimentation tank 9, the sewage can be directly discharged if the sewage reaches the standard, and if the sewage does not reach the standard, the sewage needs to be further matched with advanced treatment. Therefore, the underground unit of the invention can be also provided with a deep treatment tank 6, the effluent treated by the sedimentation tank 9 enters the deep treatment tank 6 through a pipeline, and the type of the deep treatment tank 6 can comprise a denitrification filter tank, a disinfection tank and the like.
The sludge tank 5 is used for storing sludge, so the bottom of the tank body is provided with a sludge discharge port, and the top of the tank body is provided with an exhaust pipe 21. The sludge gathering areas at the bottoms of the grating area 15, the regulating tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 9 are all provided with sludge discharge ports, then residual sludge generated in the tank bodies is respectively pumped into a sludge tank 5 through a sludge pipeline provided with a sludge pump 20, the sludge tank 5 leads methane, carbon dioxide and other gases generated by fermentation in the sludge storage process into the aerobic tank 4 through an exhaust pipe 21 to be absorbed, and the sludge is discharged through the sludge discharge ports after reaching a certain amount.
In addition, in order to realize the automatic adjustment of parameters in the treatment process, water level sensors 1 are arranged in the adjusting tank 2, the anaerobic tank 3, the aerobic tank 4 and the sedimentation tank 9, and a multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe 19 is arranged at a water outlet 17 of the sedimentation tank 9. In this embodiment, the water level sensor 1 and the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe 19 may be connected to the control system 10 via a data line to form a feedback control, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the liquid level and effluent quality of each reaction unit. Therefore, the control system 10 monitors and analyzes the relevant data of each processing unit in real time through the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe 19 and the water level sensor 1, and respectively adjusts the flow rate, the aeration amount and the mixed liquid reflux ratio by controlling the lift pump 22, the fan 12 and the reflux pump 13. The sensor and probe data can be transmitted to a computer of the control system 10 to realize real-time monitoring and record storage.
In addition, the vegetation area 7 is positioned above the anaerobic tank 3 and the aerobic tank 4, and has the functions of further removing sewage by emergent aquatic plants and beautifying. The vegetation area 7 comprises the following specific steps: a plant supporting net 14 is laid above the anaerobic tank 3 and the aerobic tank 4 and emergent aquatic plants are planted, and the root systems of the emergent aquatic plants extend into the lower parts of the liquid surfaces of the anaerobic tank 3 and the aerobic tank 4The plant stem and leaf part is positioned in the glass greenhouse. The specific surface area of the plant root system can reach 10000m2/m3Above, partial nutrient substance can be absorbed to root system itself, and the root system can adhere to a large amount of microbial film and further desorption pollutants such as nitrogen phosphorus simultaneously to reduce surplus sludge output, the gas that produces in the pond also can be through plant roots effectively absorbed, reduces secondary pollution. In the embodiment, the height of the plant supporting net 14 is 30 cm-50 cm, the bottom of the plant supporting net is a high-strength acid-base-resistant waterproof plate, the thickness of the plate is 5cm, and the pore area of the plate is 2cm multiplied by 2 cm. 14-18 kg of active biomass exists in each cubic meter of space in the tank body, and the surface area of a root system is 10000-12000 square meters. The plant to be cultivated is preferably an emergent aquatic plant with a developed root system, pollution resistance and ornamental value. The plant area can be arranged in the glass greenhouse, the top and one side wall of the greenhouse are made of transparent glass, the lighting is facilitated, and the greenhouse is provided with the plant spraying device
In addition, the electric energy of the invention can be supplied by commercial power, but also by solar energy. Therefore, in the embodiment, a photovoltaic system 11 is further provided, and the photovoltaic system 11 is connected with the power distribution cabinet 8 through a wire by using an inverter; and the power distribution cabinet 8 is connected with each electric device for power supply.
Based on the landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment, the invention also provides a sewage treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
1) sewage to be treated flows into the grating area 15 from the water inlet 16, and most of large-particle solid impurities in the sewage are removed through the filtering and intercepting action of the grating;
2) the effluent treated by the grid area 15 flows into the regulating tank 2 for temporary storage;
3) pumping the sewage in the regulating tank 2 into a plurality of water inlets at the bottom of the anaerobic tank 3 by a lifting pump 22, slowing down the water flow speed of the high-speed water flow entering each compartment by the blocking action of the bent end at the bottom of the baffle plate, and leading the high-speed water flow to flow in an up-and-down arc shape in the anaerobic tank 3 under the guidance of the baffle plate and the partition plate; the sewage is subjected to anaerobic treatment in the anaerobic tank 3 for removing partial organic matters and nitrate nitrogen and carrying out anaerobic phosphorus release;
4) the sewage treated by the anaerobic tank 3 enters the aerobic tank 4 in a self-flowing mode, the motor 30 drives the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device 23 to realize the stirring of water flow, and microorganisms are gradually attached to the surface of the three-dimensional soft filler along with the flowing of the water flow to form a biological membrane; an aeration pipe 18 arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank 4 aerates and oxygenizes sewage in the tank through a fan 12 to further remove pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like;
the bottom of the aerobic tank 4 is provided with a return port, and the return port returns the mixed liquid in the aerobic tank 4 to the interior of the anaerobic tank 3 through a return pump 13 arranged on a return pipeline; the mixed liquid can flow back to different compartments of the anaerobic tank 3, so that the hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the anaerobic tank 3 is changed, and the deep removal of pollutants is achieved;
emergent aquatic plants in vegetation zones 17 above the anaerobic tank 3 and the aerobic tank 4 can further remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water through self absorption of plant roots and a biological film growing on the roots;
5) the sewage treated by the aerobic tank 4 enters a sedimentation tank 9 in a self-flowing mode, and SS and COD in suspended substances in the sewage are further removed through the stirring and filtering effects of a rotary drum filter device 31;
6) when the effluent of the sedimentation tank 9 does not meet the effluent quality requirement, the sewage treated by the sedimentation tank 9 continuously enters the advanced treatment tank 6 through a pipeline for advanced treatment and then is discharged;
in the sewage treatment process, excess sludge generated by the grating 15, the adjusting tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 9 is pumped into a sludge tank 5 through a sludge pump 20 arranged on a sludge pipeline, and the sludge in the sludge tank 5 is discharged through a sludge discharge pump at regular intervals; meanwhile, methane generated by sludge in the sludge tank 5 is introduced into the aerobic tank 4 through an exhaust pipe 21 for deep removal; meanwhile, the control system 10 monitors and analyzes the relevant data of each processing unit in real time through the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe 19 and the water level sensor 1, and respectively adjusts the flow, the aeration amount and the mixed liquid reflux ratio by controlling the lift pump 22, the fan 12 and the reflux pump 13; if the concentration of the nitrate and nitrogen in the effluent is too high, the reflux ratio is improved by adjusting the reflux pump 13, and the denitrification efficiency is improved.
According to the using method, the effluent of the sewage treatment equipment can stably reach the first class A standard of the discharge Standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants (GB18918-2002) or above.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and variation in various other respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment is characterized by comprising an above-ground unit and an underground unit, wherein the underground unit comprises a grating area (15), a sludge tank (5), a regulating tank (2), an anaerobic tank (3), an aerobic tank (4) and a sedimentation tank (9); the ground unit comprises a vegetation area (7), a control system (10) and a fan (12); the grating area (15), the adjusting tank (2), the anaerobic tank (3), the aerobic tank (4) and the sedimentation tank (9) are communicated in sequence through pipelines;
a lifting pump (22) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the regulating tank (2) and is used for pumping sewage in the regulating tank into the anaerobic tank (3); a plurality of vertical partition plates are arranged in the anaerobic tank (3) at the bottom in the direction vertical to the water flow, and divide the interior of the anaerobic tank (3) into a plurality of compartments by the partition plates; baffle plates arranged in parallel with the partition plates are arranged in the compartments, the compartments are divided into an upstream chamber and a downstream chamber which are communicated with each other at the bottoms through the baffle plates, and water flows between the adjacent compartments through the tops of the partition plates; the bottoms of a plurality of compartments positioned at the upstream in the anaerobic tank (3) are provided with sewage inlets, the bottoms of a plurality of compartments positioned at the downstream are provided with backflow water inlets, and the sewage inlets are communicated with the water outlet of the regulating tank (2) through pipelines so as to realize sectional water inlet in the anaerobic tank (3); the lower end of the baffle plate is provided with a bending end, and the sewage inlet and the backflow inlet are both positioned below the bending ends of the baffle plates of the respective compartments; a rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device (23) and a micropore aeration device are arranged in the aerobic tank (4); the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device (23) comprises a three-dimensional soft filler, a fixed frame (27), a gear device (29) and a motor (30), wherein the three-dimensional soft filler is fixed on the fixed frame (27), and the fixed frame (27) is sequentially connected with the gear device (29) and the motor (30) through a transmission shaft (26) to realize rotation; a backflow port is formed in the bottom of the aerobic tank (4), the backflow port is connected with each backflow water inlet in the anaerobic tank (3) through a backflow pipeline provided with a backflow pump (13), and mixed liquid in the aerobic tank (4) flows back to the inside of the anaerobic tank (3) in a sectional mode; the bottom of the sludge tank (5) is provided with a sludge discharge port, and the top is provided with an exhaust pipe (21); excess sludge generated by the grating area (15), the regulating tank (2) and the sedimentation tank (9) is respectively pumped into a sludge tank (5) through a sludge pump (20) arranged on a sludge pipeline, and the sludge tank (5) leads the generated methane into an aerobic tank (4) through an exhaust pipe (21) for absorption; the adjusting tank (2), the anaerobic tank (3), the aerobic tank (4) and the sedimentation tank (9) are all provided with water level sensors (1), and a multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe (19) is arranged at a water outlet (17) of the sedimentation tank (9); the vegetation area (7) is positioned above the anaerobic tank (3) and the aerobic tank (4), a plant supporting net (14) is laid above the anaerobic tank (3) and the aerobic tank (4) and emergent aquatic plants are planted, and root systems of the emergent aquatic plants extend into the lower parts of the liquid levels of the anaerobic tank (3) and the aerobic tank (4); the fan (12) is connected with the micropore aeration device through an air inlet pipe.
2. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic tank (3) has 4-6 compartments, the upstream width ratio and the downstream width ratio of the compartments are 2-4, and the length-width-height ratio is 1:2: 1.5; the bending angle of the lower end of the baffle plate is 45-50 degrees.
3. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the underground unit further comprises a deep treatment tank (6), the effluent treated by the sedimentation tank (9) enters the deep treatment tank (6) through a pipeline, and the types of the deep treatment tank (6) comprise a denitrification filter tank and a disinfection tank.
4. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional soft packing comprises a threadlike packing and a central rope (24), and the threadlike packing is fixedly inserted on the central rope (24); the strand-like filler is made of polyolefins or polyamides; the fixed frame (27) is of a cylindrical steel structure and comprises an upper circular steel ring, a lower circular steel ring and a hollow shaft for connecting the upper circular steel ring and the lower circular steel ring; the head end and the tail end of each central rope (24) are respectively fixed on an upper circular steel ring and a lower circular steel ring of the fixed frame (27), and the interval between every two central ropes (24) is 20 cm; the rotating speed of the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device (23) is not higher than 30 revolutions per minute during operation.
5. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the microporous aeration device is an aeration pipe (18) connected with a fan (12), uniform air holes are distributed on the aeration pipe (18), and the aperture of the air holes is 50-80 μm.
6. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein a rotary drum filter device (31) is arranged in the sedimentation tank (9), the filter aperture is 100um, and the rotating speed is 1-20 r/min.
7. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that a photovoltaic system (11) is further provided, wherein the photovoltaic system (11) is connected with the power distribution cabinet (8) through a wire by using an inverter; and the power distribution cabinet (8) is connected with each electric device for power supply.
8. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic tank (3), the aerobic tank (4) and the sedimentation tank (9) are connected by equal-caliber pipelines, the water outlet of each unit is 5cm lower than the water inlet of the unit, and the water inlet of the next unit is 5cm lower than the water outlet of the previous unit, so that automatic overflow of sewage is realized without additional power.
9. The landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, which is further provided with a control system (10), wherein the water level sensor (1) and the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe (19) are connected with the control system (10) through data lines to form feedback control; the control system (10) monitors and analyzes relevant data of each processing unit in real time through the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe (19) and the water level sensor (1), and respectively adjusts the flow, the aeration amount and the mixed liquid reflux ratio by controlling the lifting pump (22), the fan (12) and the reflux pump (13).
10. The sewage treatment method of the landscape type combined sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) sewage to be treated flows into the grating area (15) from the water inlet (16), and most of large-particle solid impurities in the sewage are removed through the filtering and intercepting action of the grating;
2) the effluent treated by the grating area (15) flows into a regulating tank (2) for temporary storage;
3) pumping the sewage in the regulating tank (2) into a plurality of water inlets at the bottom of the anaerobic tank (3) through a lifting pump (22), slowing down the water flow speed of the high-speed water flow entering each compartment through the blocking action of the bent end at the bottom of the baffle plate, and leading the high-speed water flow to flow in an up-and-down arc shape in the anaerobic tank (3) under the guidance of the baffle plate and the partition plate; the sewage is subjected to anaerobic treatment in the anaerobic tank (3) and is used for removing partial organic matters and nitrate nitrogen and carrying out anaerobic phosphorus release;
4) the sewage treated by the anaerobic tank (3) enters the aerobic tank (4) in a self-flowing mode, the motor (30) drives the rotatable three-dimensional soft filler transmission device (23) to stir water flow, and microorganisms are gradually attached to the surface of the three-dimensional soft filler along with the flow of the water flow to grow to form a biological membrane; an aeration pipe (18) arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank (4) aerates and oxygenizes sewage in the tank through a fan (12) to further remove pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like;
a reflux opening is formed in the bottom of the aerobic tank (4), and the reflux opening enables mixed liquid in the aerobic tank (4) to flow back to the interior of the anaerobic tank (3) through a reflux pump (13) arranged on a reflux pipeline; the mixed liquor can flow back to different compartments of the anaerobic tank (3), so that the hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the anaerobic tank (3) is changed, and the deep removal of pollutants is achieved;
emergent aquatic plants arranged in vegetation zones (17) above the anaerobic tank (3) and the aerobic tank (4) can further remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water through self absorption of plant roots and a biological film growing on the roots;
5) the sewage treated by the aerobic tank (4) enters a sedimentation tank (9) in a self-flowing mode, and SS and COD in suspended substances in the sewage are further removed through the stirring and filtering action of a rotary drum filter device (31);
6) when the effluent of the sedimentation tank (9) does not meet the effluent quality requirement, the sewage treated by the sedimentation tank (9) continuously enters the advanced treatment tank (6) through a pipeline for advanced treatment and then is discharged;
in the sewage treatment process, excess sludge generated by the grating (15), the adjusting tank (2) and the sedimentation tank (9) is pumped into a sludge tank (5) through a sludge pump (20) arranged on a sludge pipeline, and the sludge tank (5) discharges the sludge through a sludge discharge pump at regular intervals; meanwhile, biogas generated by sludge in the sludge tank (5) is introduced into the aerobic tank (4) through an exhaust pipe (21) for deep removal; meanwhile, the control system (10) monitors and analyzes the relevant data of each processing unit in real time through the multi-parameter water quality monitoring probe (19) and the water level sensor (1), and respectively adjusts the flow, the aeration amount and the mixed liquid reflux ratio by controlling the lifting pump (22), the fan (12) and the reflux pump (13); if the concentration of the nitrate and nitrogen in the effluent is too high, the reflux ratio is improved by adjusting the reflux pump (13), and the denitrification efficiency is improved.
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