CN110668519B

CN110668519B - Portable artificial power sea water desalting device

Info

Publication number: CN110668519B
Application number: CN201911111074.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐沛民; 杨清
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Xu Peimin; Yang Qing
Priority date: 2019-11-14
Filing date: 2019-11-14
Publication date: 2021-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-14
Also published as: CN110668519A

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable artificial power seawater desalination device, which aims at solving the problems that the conventional seawater desalination device needs to depend on electric power and is inconvenient to carry. Utilize decompression evaporation principle, make the sea water store the pressure reduction in the storehouse through the relief pressure valve and further make the sea water evaporation, the rethread artificially controls the pressure that the piston rod changes in the cylinder and makes the steam liquefaction, finally realizes the sea water desalination, has reached and has not additionally provided the purpose of energy, and this device is small, conveniently carries.

Description

Portable artificial power sea water desalting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a portable artificial power seawater desalination device.

Background

Fresh water supply is an important material guarantee for marine survival, and water treatment devices which rely on electric power as energy sources are mature. However, water treatment devices using electricity as power are generally bulky, inconvenient to move and carry about.

CN201821155033.3 discloses a portable seawater desalination equipment, which comprises an evaporation tank, wherein a stirring evaporation device is arranged inside the evaporation tank, a condensing device is arranged at the upper end of the evaporation tank, a bracket is arranged at the lower end of the evaporation tank, the lower end of the evaporation tank is fixed at the lower end of the bracket, a water injection bucket is arranged at one side of the evaporation tank, a U-shaped water injection pipe is arranged at the lower end of the water injection bucket, and one end of the U-shaped water injection pipe is fixed at the lower end of the water injection bucket; the portable seawater desalination equipment disclosed in CN201821155033.3 adopts a water injection bucket, a U-shaped water injection pipe, a screen frame, a filter screen and a support plate, the water injection bucket is connected with an evaporation tank through the U-shaped water injection pipe, and the screen frame is mutually occluded through a wavy structure on the surface of the support plate, so that seawater is preliminarily filtered through the filter screen.

The defects of the prior art are as follows: the portable seawater desalination device is inconvenient to carry about and needs to provide extra electric energy, so that the portable manual power seawater desalination device needs to be designed aiming at the defects of the existing seawater desalination device.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a portable artificial power seawater desalination device which has the advantages of portability and no need of additionally providing electric energy.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the portable artificial power seawater desalination device comprises a working area, a collection system and a pressure balance system; the working area comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, the cylinder barrel comprises a first end cover, a second end cover, a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are separated by a partition plate, the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively provided with a through hole communicated with the atmosphere, the first cavity is provided with a discharge port, the second cavity is provided with an inflow port, and the piston rod and the partition plate are arranged in the following mode: the piston rod can penetrate through the partition board to move under the sealing effect, a first piston which is slidably guided at the inner wall of the first chamber and a second piston which is slidably guided at the inner wall of the second chamber are arranged on the piston rod, and one end, far away from the second piston, of the piston rod penetrates through the first end cover and extends to the outside of the cylinder barrel; the collecting system comprises a seawater storage bin and a fresh water storage bin, the seawater storage bin is connected with the inflow port of the second chamber through a guide pipe, and the fresh water storage bin is connected with the discharge port of the first chamber through a discharge pipe; the pressure balancing system comprises two cylinder check valves arranged on the partition plate, a first check valve positioned at the discharge port, a second check valve positioned at the inflow port and a pressure reducing valve connected with the seawater storage bin, and the pressure reducing valve is provided with a seawater inlet sealed by a sealing plug.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first piston, the partition plate and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel form a first chamber, the second piston, the partition plate and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel form a second chamber, the piston rod is in threaded connection with the first piston and the second piston, and the piston rod and the partition plate are arranged in the following mode: the piston rod can move through the partition plate under the sealing effect, and if a sealing ring and the like are arranged between the piston rod and the partition plate, the arrangement can effectively prevent the gas of the two cylinders from being mutually connected; the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively provided with a through hole communicated with the atmosphere, so that the upper part of the first piston and the lower part of the second piston can be communicated with the atmosphere, the arrangement is favorable for balancing resistance generated by the atmospheric pressure in the working process of the device, and the device is more labor-saving for a user; three check valves are used for ensuring the one-way operation of the system, namely two cylinders of check valves are used for only allowing the steam to flow into the first chamber from the second chamber in a one-way mode, the first check valve positioned at the outlet is used for only allowing the steam to flow into the drain pipe from the first chamber through the outlet in a one-way mode, and the second check valve positioned at the inlet is used for only allowing the steam to flow into the first chamber through the inlet in a one-way mode.

Preferably, a handle fixedly connected with the piston rod is arranged at the top of one end, located outside the cylinder, of the piston rod.

By adopting the technical scheme, an operator can use the seawater desalination device more conveniently, and can change the pressure in the first cavity and the second cavity by only pushing and pulling the piston rod through the handle so as to change the volume of the first cavity and the second cavity and further realize the aim of seawater desalination.

Preferably, the pressure reducing valve is an adjustable pressure reducing valve.

By adopting the scheme, the pressure reducing valve has a plurality of pressure set values, and a user can adjust the pressure reducing valve according to the self-strength condition before the seawater desalination operation is carried out, so that the pressure in the seawater storage bin is maintained at the set value; however, since the seawater in the seawater storage bin is saturated due to continuous evaporation so that the seawater is not continuously evaporated under the pressure state, a user can adjust the pressure reducing valve in the working process of the device to gradually reduce the pressure in the seawater storage bin, so that more steam is generated, and the efficiency of seawater desalination is improved.

Preferably, the connection between the seawater storage bin and the draft tube is provided with an anti-suck-back device.

By adopting the scheme, the probability that the seawater is sucked back into the draft tube to pollute the fresh water in the fresh water storage bin due to sudden pressure drop or seawater boiling in the working process of the device can be effectively reduced.

Preferably, the drain pipe is located in the seawater storage bin and spirally surrounds the cylinder barrel.

By adopting the technical scheme, the heat of the high-pressure steam and the fresh water in the first chamber can be transferred to the seawater stored in the seawater storage bin, the condensation of the steam in the drain pipe is promoted, the evaporation rate of the seawater in the seawater storage bin is increased, the effects of waste heat utilization and heat exchange are achieved, and the overall working efficiency of the efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the seawater storage bin is provided with a seawater outlet, and the fresh water storage bin is provided with a fresh water outlet.

By adopting the technical scheme, high-concentration seawater in the seawater storage bin can be directly discharged through the seawater outlet, residual sand and stones in the seawater storage bin can also be cleaned through the seawater outlet, and fresh water can be discharged through the fresh water outlet.

A method for desalinating seawater by adopting the portable artificial power seawater desalination device comprises the following steps:

1) injecting the seawater to be desalinated into the seawater storage bin through a seawater inlet, covering the sealing plug, and evaporating part of seawater in the seawater storage bin to form steam under the action of the pressure reducing valve;

2) the piston rod is pushed to enable the second chamber to generate negative pressure, and the steam enters the second chamber through the flow guide pipe and the second one-way valve in sequence;

3) pulling a piston rod to enable a first chamber to generate negative pressure, a second chamber to generate high pressure, and steam in the second chamber enters the first chamber through the two-cylinder one-way valve;

4) the piston rod is pushed again to compress the first chamber, so that most of steam in the first chamber is liquefied into fresh water at high pressure and flows into the fresh water storage bin through the drain pipe;

5) repeating the step 3) and the step 4) at least once, so that the newly generated fresh water flows into the fresh water storage bin;

6) and opening a seawater outlet to discharge high-concentration seawater in the seawater storage bin, and opening a fresh water outlet to discharge fresh water in the fresh water storage bin.

By adopting the technical scheme, the seawater can be desalinated by manually pushing and pulling the piston rod, and the desalination process is simple. After the sealing plug is covered in the step 1), the pressure in the seawater storage bin is maintained at the pressure value set by the pressure reducing valve under the action of the pressure reducing valve, and the pressure value is lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that the boiling point temperature of the seawater is reduced, and further part of the seawater is converted into steam. The first seawater desalination cycle is completed through the steps 1) to 4), but because the volume of the cylinder barrel is limited, the seawater poured in the cycle can be converted into more fresh water through multiple cycles; because the second chamber generates negative pressure when the steam in the step 4) is converted into fresh water, the steam in the seawater storage bin further enters the second chamber, and the step 3) and the step 4) are repeated for multiple times, so that multiple seawater desalination cycles can be completed, and the seawater desalination rate is improved.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the device can realize the purpose of seawater desalination by manually pushing and pulling the piston rod under the environment without electric energy supply, is not limited by time and place, and solves the water demand under emergency; 2. the device has a simple structure, does not need additional devices such as a motor and a battery, and is convenient to carry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2A-2D are operational process diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:

1, a handle;

2, a piston rod;

3 a pressure reducing valve;

4, sealing the plug;

5 a first piston;

6 a first chamber;

7 a partition board;

8, a seawater outlet;

9 two-cylinder check valve;

10 a second piston;

11 a fresh water storage bin;

12 a first end cap;

13 anti-suck back device;

14 flow guide pipes;

15 seawater storage bin;

16 water discharge pipes;

17 a first one-way valve;

18 a second one-way valve;

19 a second chamber;

20 fresh water outlets;

21 second end cap.

Example 1: and (4) a voltage stabilization mode.

The portable artificial power seawater desalination device according to the present invention comprises a working area, a collection system and a pressure balance system as shown in fig. 1; the collecting system and the working area are both arranged along the longitudinal axis of the device, and the collecting system is sleeved outside the working area; the collecting system comprises a seawater storage cabin 15 and a fresh water storage cabin 11; the working area comprises a first end cover 12, a second end cover 21, a first chamber 6, a second chamber 19 and a piston rod 2; the pressure balancing system comprises a pressure reducing valve 3, a two-cylinder check valve 9, a first check valve 17 and a second check valve 18.

Both the first end cap 12 and the second end cap 21 are provided with through holes communicating with the atmosphere. A partition 7 is arranged between the first chamber 6 and the second chamber 19, a first piston 5 slidably guided at the inner wall of the first chamber 6 is arranged above the partition 7, and a second piston 10 slidably guided at the inner wall of the second chamber 19 is arranged below the partition 7. The top of one end of the piston rod 2, which is arranged outside the cylinder barrel, is provided with a handle 1, and one end of the piston rod 2, which is arranged inside the cylinder barrel after penetrating through the first end cover 12, sequentially penetrates through the first piston 5, the partition plate 7 and the second piston 10; the piston rod 2 is in threaded connection with the first piston 5 and the second piston 10, and the piston rod 2 and the partition plate 7 are sealed by sealing rings, so that the piston rod can move through the partition plate under the sealing effect.

The partition plate 7 is provided with two cylinder check valves 9 for only allowing the steam to flow from the second chamber 19 to the first chamber 6 in a one-way mode, the first chamber 6 is provided with a first check valve 17 for only allowing the steam to flow from the first chamber 6 to the fresh water storage bin 11 in a one-way mode, and the second chamber 19 is provided with a second check valve 18 for only allowing the steam to flow from the seawater storage bin 15 to the second chamber 19 in a one-way mode sequentially through the suck-back prevention device 13 and the draft tube 14.

The first check valve 17 is connected to the fresh water storage compartment 11 via a drain 16, and the drain 16 is located in the seawater storage compartment 15 and surrounds the first chamber 6 in a spiral shape.

The upper part of the seawater storage bin 15 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 3; the pressure reducing valve 3 is provided with a seawater inlet sealed by a sealing plug.

The seawater storage bin 15 is also provided with a seawater outlet 8, and the fresh water storage bin 11 is provided with a fresh water outlet 20.

The operation of the portable artificial power seawater desalination apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2A-2D.

1) Referring to fig. 2A, a pressure value of the pressure reducing valve 3 is set, the sealing plug 4 of the water inlet is opened, the sealing plug 4 is covered after seawater to be desalinated is filled into the seawater storage bin 15, and the pressure reducing valve 3 controls the pressure of the water outlet of the pressure reducing valve 3 to maintain the pressure in the seawater storage bin 15 at the set value of the pressure reducing valve 3.

2) With reference to fig. 2B, according to the principle of reduced pressure evaporation, the boiling point of the seawater injected into the seawater storage bin 15 is reduced and part of the seawater is converted into steam, at this time, the piston rod 2 is pressed downward, so that high pressure is generated in the first chamber 6 and negative pressure is generated in the second chamber 19, the two-cylinder check valve 9 is closed, the second check valve 18 is conducted, and the steam in the seawater storage bin 15 sequentially passes through the suck-back prevention device 13, the draft tube 14 and the second check valve 18 and enters the second chamber 19.

3) With reference to fig. 2C, the piston rod 2 is pulled upward, that is, the second chamber 19 is compressed, so that high pressure is generated in the second chamber 19 and negative pressure is generated in the first chamber 6, the second check valve 18 and the first check valve 17 are closed, the two-cylinder check valve 9 is conducted, and steam in the second chamber 19 enters the first chamber 6 through the two-cylinder check valve 9.

4) Referring to fig. 2D, the piston rod 2 is pressed down again, that is, the first chamber 6 is compressed, so that high pressure is generated in the first chamber 6, negative pressure is generated in the second chamber 19, the check valves 9 of the two cylinders are closed, the first check valve 17 is conducted, most of the high-pressure steam in the first chamber 6 is liquefied into fresh water, and the fresh water and the high-pressure steam sequentially flow through the first check valve 17 and the drain pipe 16 and exchange heat with the seawater in the seawater storage bin 15, and finally flow into the fresh water storage bin 11.

5) And repeating the step 3) and the step 4) for multiple times, wherein the newly generated fresh water flows into the fresh water storage bin 11.

6) The seawater outlet is opened to discharge the high-concentration seawater in the seawater storage bin 15, and the fresh water outlet 20 is opened to discharge the fresh water in the fresh water storage bin 11.

Example 2: flash mode.

The embodiment adopts a portable artificial power seawater desalination device with an adjustable pressure reducing valve, and the structure of the rest devices is the same as that of the embodiment 1. The difference lies in that: the pressure reducing valve 3 is an adjustable pressure reducing valve 3 with 4 different pressure settings, the 4 pressure settings being 50.67KPa, 67.55KPa, 75.99KPa, 81.06KPa, respectively.

1) Referring to fig. 2A, the pressure value of the pressure reducing valve 3 is set to 81.06KPa, the pressure reducing valve 3 maintains the pressure in the seawater storage bin 15 at 81.06KPa by controlling the pressure at the water outlet of the pressure reducing valve 3, the sealing plug 4 of the water inlet is opened, and the seawater to be desalinated is filled into the seawater storage bin 15 and then the sealing plug 4 is covered.

2) Referring to fig. 2B, the piston rod 2 is pressed downward, and the steam generated in the seawater storage chamber 15 flows through the draft tube 14, the second check valve 18, and enters the second chamber 19.

3) With reference to fig. 2C, pulling the piston rod 2 upwards, the steam in the second chamber 19 enters the first chamber 6 through the two-cylinder check valve 9.

4) Referring to fig. 2D, when the piston rod 2 is pressed down again, most of the vapor in the first chamber 6 is liquefied into fresh water by being compressed, and the fresh water flows through the first check valve 17, the drain pipe 16 and exchanges heat with the seawater in the seawater storage bin 15, and finally flows into the fresh water storage bin 11.

5) Adjusting the pressure value set by the pressure reducing valve 3 to 75.99KPa, maintaining the pressure in the seawater storage cabin 15 at 75.99KPa, repeating the steps 3) and 4), and flowing the newly generated fresh water into the fresh water storage cabin 11.

6) Adjusting the pressure value set by the pressure reducing valve 3 to 67.55KPa, maintaining the pressure in the seawater storage cabin 15 at 67.55KPa, repeating the steps 3) and 4), and flowing the newly generated fresh water into the fresh water storage cabin 11.

7) Adjusting the pressure value set by the pressure reducing valve 3 to 50.67KPa, maintaining the pressure in the seawater storage cabin 15 at 50.67KPa, repeating the steps 3) and 4), and flowing the newly generated fresh water into the fresh water storage cabin 11.

8) The seawater outlet is opened to discharge the high-concentration seawater in the seawater storage bin 15, and the fresh water outlet 20 is opened to discharge the fresh water in the fresh water storage bin 11.

The theoretical calculation data for this example is as follows:

item	50.67Kpa mode	67.55KPa mode	75.99KPa mode	81.06KPa mode	Flash mode
						Total water yield	233ml	233ml	233ml	233ml	233ml
Average water production of circulation	0.0312ml	0.029ml	0.018ml	0.015ml	12.94ml
						Maximum force consumption	35.77N	23.85N	17.89N	14.31N	69.97N
Circulation energy consumption	0.691J	0.344J	0.202J	0.132J	/
						Total energy consumption	/	/	/	/	37.31J

According to the theoretical calculation data, the device can realize that the portable seawater desalination device can be normally used by directly operating the piston rod by manpower under the environment without electric energy supply, the water demand under emergency is met, the seawater desalination and the purification of water which can not reach the drinking standard are realized, the seawater desalination device is not limited by time and places, and the life water demand is ensured; and the device is also provided with a mode selection function, is suitable for different users and has wide application range.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that several modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention should be considered as within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Portable artificial power sea water desalination device, its characterized in that: comprises a working area, a collecting system and a pressure balancing system; the working area comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston rod (2), the cylinder barrel comprises a first end cover (12), a second end cover (21), a first chamber (6) and a second chamber (19) which are separated by a partition plate (7), the first end cover (12) and the second end cover (21) are respectively provided with a through hole communicated with the atmosphere, the first chamber (6) is provided with a discharge port, the second chamber (19) is provided with an inflow port, and the piston rod (2) and the partition plate (7) are arranged in the following mode: the piston rod (2) can penetrate through the partition plate (7) to move under the sealing effect, a first piston (5) which is slidably guided at the inner wall of the first chamber (6) and a second piston (10) which is slidably guided at the inner wall of the second chamber (19) are arranged on the piston rod (2), and one end, far away from the second piston (10), of the piston rod (2) penetrates through the first end cover (12) and extends out of the cylinder; the collection system comprises a seawater storage bin (15) and a fresh water storage bin (11), the seawater storage bin (15) is connected with the inflow port of the second chamber (19) through a guide pipe (14), and the fresh water storage bin (11) is connected with the discharge port of the first chamber (6) through a discharge pipe (16); the pressure balance system comprises two cylinder check valves (9) arranged on a partition plate (7), a first check valve (17) positioned at a discharge port, a second check valve (18) positioned at an inflow port and a pressure reducing valve (3) connected with the seawater storage bin (15), wherein the pressure reducing valve (3) is provided with a seawater inlet sealed by a sealing plug (4).

2. The portable artificial power seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein: the top of one end of the piston rod (2) positioned outside the cylinder barrel is provided with a handle (1) fixedly connected with the piston rod (2).

3. The portable artificial power seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein: the pressure reducing valve (3) is an adjustable pressure reducing valve.

4. The portable artificial power seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein: and a suck-back prevention device (13) is arranged at the joint of the seawater storage bin (15) and the draft tube (14).

5. The portable artificial power seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein: the water discharge pipe (16) is positioned in the seawater storage bin (15) and spirally surrounds the cylinder barrel.

6. The portable artificial power seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein: the seawater storage bin (15) is provided with a seawater outlet (8), and the fresh water storage bin (11) is provided with a fresh water outlet (20).

7. A method of desalinating seawater using the portable artificial power desalination unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

1) injecting the seawater to be desalinated into the seawater storage bin (15) through a seawater inlet, covering the sealing plug (4), and evaporating part of seawater in the seawater storage bin (15) to form steam under the action of the pressure reducing valve (3);

2) the piston rod (2) is pushed to enable the second chamber (19) to generate negative pressure, and the steam enters the second chamber (19) through the draft tube (14) and the second one-way valve (18) in sequence;

3) pulling the piston rod (2) to enable the first chamber (6) to generate negative pressure, the second chamber (19) to generate high pressure, and steam in the second chamber (19) enters the first chamber (6) through the two-cylinder one-way valve (9);

4) the piston rod (2) is pushed again to compress the first chamber (6), most of steam in the first chamber (6) is liquefied into fresh water at high pressure, and the fresh water flows into the fresh water storage bin (11) through the drain pipe (16);

5) and repeatedly carrying out the steps 3) and 4) at least once, so that the newly generated fresh water flows into the fresh water storage bin (11).