CN110668503A - 一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910002269 La1–xCaxMnO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- HEOGEEMADXKTBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Mn].[Ca].[La] Chemical compound [O].[Mn].[Ca].[La] HEOGEEMADXKTBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002061 nanopillar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 lanthanide aluminate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000473 manganese(VI) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000314 poly p-methyl styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010063401 primary progressive multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910002902 BiFeO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002518 CoFe2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003264 NiFe2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021523 barium zirconate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel ferrite Chemical compound [Ni]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004549 pulsed laser deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C01G45/1221—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof
- C01G45/125—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof of the type[MnO3]n-, e.g. Li2MnO3, Li2[MxMn1-xO3], (La,Sr)MnO3
- C01G45/1264—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof of the type[MnO3]n-, e.g. Li2MnO3, Li2[MxMn1-xO3], (La,Sr)MnO3 containing rare earth, e.g. La1-xCaxMnO3, LaMnO3
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料,其生长在衬底上,所述双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料的化学式为La1‑xCaxMnO3,0.35<x≤1,其双层结构由一层沿着衬底外延生长的0‑40 nm厚的连续层和垂直于连续层的纳米柱层构成,所述纳米柱层沿着连续层外延生长。本发明还公开了一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料的制备方法及其应用。本发明的材料具有显著的垂直磁异向性和可调的、具有宽的工作温度范围的低场磁阻效应。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及锰氧化物薄膜材料领域,特别涉及一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
具有垂直排列纳米结构的复杂氧化物薄膜材料相对于传统的平面结构的薄膜材料,因为其有比衬底面积大得多的垂直界面面积,以及额外生成的晶界,界面耦合和界面应变调节,使得其特性和功能性显著不同于传统的平面膜结构。
目前,具有垂直排列纳米结构的薄膜主要为两相的复合薄膜。这种垂直排列的纳米结构典型地可以在自组装的两相纳米复合膜中,由于两相之间以及每个相与衬底之间存在较大的晶格失配,诱导而形成。两相复合薄膜的第二相通常为二元或三元金属氧化物,如ZnO、MgO、V2O3、Sm2O3、CeO2、NiO、CoFe2O4、NiFe2O4、BiFeO3、BaZrO3等。通过两相之间的强的耦合和界面以及晶界效应,可以获得增强的物理性能和多样的功能性,包括界面诱导的高温超导性、显著增强的低场磁阻、应变增强的铁电性、磁电性和多铁性,以及新型的介电耦合和磁光耦合效应等。然而,到目前为止,具有垂直排列的纳米结构的复杂氧化物单相薄膜,却鲜有报道。
垂直排列的纳米结构的合成是很复杂的一个技术。对于单相薄膜,仅仅通过控制衬底与薄膜之间的晶格失配,很难获得一个期望的垂直排列的纳米结构的生长。为了实现所期望的垂直排列的纳米结构,除了晶格应变外,还需要仔细地调整热力学和动力学参数,如衬底温度、氧气压力、组分、距离尺度、生长速率等,这被认为是一项非常尖端复杂的技术。钙钛矿锰氧化物具有巨磁电阻、相分离、大的自旋极化和磁各向异性等令人着迷的物理现象,从而提升了人们对自旋电子学的发展的期望。钙钛矿锰氧化物的本征的巨磁阻效应通常需要几个特斯拉的高磁场来触发,并且被限制在一个狭窄的温度范围内,这阻碍了实际应用,例如高密度磁存储设备或磁头传感器,它们往往需要在低磁场和宽的温度范围下运行。因此,钙钛矿锰氧化物中的外诱的低场磁阻效应更受到关注。这种外诱的低场磁阻效应可以在低的磁场下(小于1 T)和宽温度范围内实现高的磁阻。而要实现这种低场磁阻效应取决于对微观结构的控制,如界面、晶界和相界以及自旋极化隧穿结等微观结构控制。
本发明是采用脉冲激光沉积法沉积薄膜,同时在沉积的过程中,通过施加不同强度的强磁场来调节薄膜的微结构,制备出具备垂直磁异向性和可调的、可在宽的工作温度范围内工作的具有低场磁阻效应的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料。
发明内容
本发明设计了一种同时具有显著的垂直磁异向性和可调的、具有宽的工作温度范围的低场磁阻效应的垂直排列的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料。
本发明提供了实现可调的垂直排列纳米结构双层钙钛矿镧钙锰氧单相薄膜材料的制备方法。
本发明所设计的技术方案为:
钙钛矿镧钙锰氧单相薄膜材料,由镧、钙、锰和氧元素等组成的薄膜。
所述薄膜是化学式为La1-xCaxMnO3的钙钛矿单相薄膜,所述化学式中的La为镧、Ca为钙、Mn为锰、O为氧。x为元素组分,0.35<x≤1。
所述的双层钙钛矿结构由两层结构构成:第一层沿着衬底连续生长的薄的平面薄膜结构,其厚度为0-40 nm;第二层沿着连续的平面薄膜继续外延生长。此时,第二层具有垂直排列的纳米结构。该结构一直往上生长,直到薄膜的顶部。总体薄膜厚度与薄膜的沉积时间相关,厚度可达微米量级。
制备方法,其完成步骤如下:
步骤1、按照镧、钙、锰和氧的摩尔比,称量氧化镧、氧化钙、氧化锰,通过玛瑙钵研磨均匀,再通过多次高温(1100-1400℃)烧结,形成镧钙锰氧粉末,最后通过模具压片高温(1100-1400℃)烧结,形成镧钙锰氧靶材;
步骤2、首先将衬底和S1中制备的镧钙锰氧靶材安装在脉冲激光沉积系统中,然后通过分子泵对脉冲激光沉积系统的腔体抽真空;在制备薄膜之前,先将衬底加热到680℃,然后用超导磁体垂直于衬底平面施加大于等于5 T的强磁场,并将脉冲激光沉积系统的真空腔体保持在0.35 mbar的氧气压力;当磁场强度达到要求后,通过脉冲激光沉积系统中的KrF准分子激光器发射脉冲激光沉积薄膜,脉冲激光的波长为248 nm,能量为200 mJ,重复频率为5 Hz,沉积时间为30分钟;沉积完成后,在与沉积过程相同的磁场、衬底温度和氧气压力条件下,对薄膜进行原位热处理20分钟。
作为双层钙钛矿镧钙锰氧单相薄膜材料的制备方法的进一步优化,所述的强磁场为稳态强磁场(H≥5T);所述的衬底为陶瓷衬底,或半导体衬底。其中陶瓷衬底为铝酸镧系衬底,拉萨特(LSAT)或钛酸锶衬底;半导体衬底为硅衬底。
一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料在垂直磁记录材料、磁存储器或磁头传感器等材料上的应用。
对制得的目标产物分别使用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪进行表征。由其结果可知,目标产物为外延薄膜。其中,薄膜的厚度500 nm以上。其中,从衬底外延生长一层连续的薄的平面膜,厚度为0-40 nm,在平面膜上面为垂直排列、外延生长的纳米柱薄膜。纳米柱的直径为10-60 nm左右。薄膜中各元素的含量和组分与靶材相同。其二,对制得的目标产物再分别使用磁性(SQUID)和输运特性(PPMS)测量,由其结果可知,具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜,其具有垂直磁异向性的明显特征,同时其输运结果显示,其在温度为150 K温度下,测量磁场为1 T的条件下,其低场磁阻高达 45 %。同时,在127-200 K的温度范围内,其低场磁阻值大于25 %。其三,本制备方法还有着目标产物中的化学计量比可精确地控制,工艺简单、易掌握,所需的设备少、制备的成本低、利于大规模的工业化生产的特点。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制得的目标产物扫描电镜图表征结果图。
图2是双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜在制备过程中随施加磁场的增大,其微结构的演化示意图。
图3是实施例1制得的目标产物的X射线衍射(XRD)表征结果图。
图4是实施例1制得的目标产物磁性测试的表征结果图。
图5是实施例1制得的目标产物使用输运测量系统进行表征的结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步说明。
首先从市场购得或用常规方法制得:
氧化镧,氧化钙;氧化锰或四氧化三锰;作为衬底的陶瓷基衬底或半导体衬底。其中,陶瓷衬底为拉萨特(LSAT)衬底、铝酸镧衬底或钛酸锶衬底,半导体衬底为硅片。
<实施例1>
制备的具体步骤如下:
S1、按照化学式La1-xCaxMnO3选取x=0.5,即材料的化学式为La0.5Ca0.5MnO3,按照镧、钙、和锰的摩尔比例,分别称量氧化镧、氧化钙、氧化锰后,使用玛瑙钵研磨均匀,再通过多次高温烧结,形成镧钙锰氧粉末。最后通过模具压片高温烧结,形成La0.5Ca0.5MnO3靶材。
S2、选取(LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (001)[LSAT(001)]单晶衬底。首先将衬底和S1中制备的La0.5Ca0.5MnO3靶材安装在脉冲激光沉积系统中,然后腔体抽真空。在制备薄膜之前,首先将衬底加热到680℃。然后用超导磁体垂直于衬底平面施加大于等于5 T的强磁场。此外,在脉冲激光沉积系统的真空腔体中保持0.35 mbar的氧气压力。当磁场强度达到要求后,通过准分子激光器发射激光能量为200 mJ,重复频率为5 Hz的脉冲激光沉积薄膜30分钟。沉积完成后,在与沉积过程相同的磁场、衬底温度和氧气压力条件下,对薄膜进行原位热处理20分钟。
最后,利用扫描电镜、TEM电镜和X射线衍射对目标产物进行微结构表征,分别如图1和图3所示。利用磁性测试平台(SQUID)和输运测试系统(PPMS)分别对目标产物进行磁性能和输运性能的测量,分别如图4和图5所示。
由图1可知,制得的目标产物是具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层薄膜,双层薄膜结构为:一层紧挨衬底,厚度为0-40 nm的薄的连续平面膜;第二层是在连续层上面外延生长的垂直排列的纳米柱层。
图2为钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜在制备过程中随施加磁场增大,其微结构由平面膜结构到柱状结构,最后到双层膜结构的演化示意图。
由图3可知,制得的目标产物具有高的外延性。
由图4可知,强磁场条件下制得的目标产物具有显著的磁垂直异向性。
由图5可知,具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层La0.5Ca0.5MnO3单相薄膜具有增强的、可调的低场磁阻效应,而且该效应适用于一个宽的工作温度范围。
选取不同组分的钙钛矿锰氧化物、不同的陶瓷衬底,以及不同的强磁场,重复上述实施例1,同样可制得近似于图1所示的具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层单相薄膜,该薄膜材料也如图4、图5中的曲线所示具有显著的垂直磁异向性以及具有宽的工作温度范围和显著增强的低场磁阻效应。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明的双层钙钛矿结构的锰氧化物单相薄膜材料以及制备条件进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若对本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (5)
1.一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料,其生长在衬底上,其特征在于所述双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料的化学式为La1-xCaxMnO3,0.35<x≤1,其双层结构由一层沿着衬底外延生长的0-40 nm厚的连续层和垂直于连续层的纳米柱层构成,所述纳米柱层沿着连续层外延生长。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料,其特征在于所述衬底为陶瓷衬底或半导体衬底;其中,陶瓷衬底为铝酸镧系衬底、拉萨特或钛酸锶衬底,半导体衬底为硅衬底。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料,其特征在于所述纳米柱层中单个纳米柱的直径为10-60 nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照镧、钙、锰和氧的摩尔比,称量氧化镧、氧化钙和氧化锰,通过玛瑙钵研磨均匀,再通过多次高温烧结,形成镧钙锰氧粉末,最后通过模具压片高温烧结,制备成镧钙锰氧靶材;其中,高温烧结的温度控制在1100-1400℃;
S2、在衬底上生长单相薄膜:首先将衬底和S1中制备的镧钙锰氧靶材安装在脉冲激光沉积系统中,然后通过分子泵对脉冲激光沉积系统的腔体抽真空;在制备薄膜之前,先将衬底加热到680℃,然后用超导磁体垂直于衬底平面施加大于等于5 T的强磁场,并将脉冲激光沉积系统的真空腔体保持在0.35 mbar的氧气压力;当磁场强度达到要求后,通过脉冲激光沉积系统中的KrF准分子激光器发射脉冲激光沉积薄膜,脉冲激光的波长为248 nm,能量为200 mJ,重复频率为5 Hz,沉积时间为30分钟;沉积完成后,在与沉积过程相同的磁场、衬底温度和氧气压力条件下,对薄膜进行原位热处理20分钟,即可制得所述双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有垂直排列纳米结构的双层钙钛矿锰氧化物单相薄膜材料在垂直磁记录材料、磁存储器或磁头传感器上的应用。
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