CN110667213A - High-performance non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110667213A CN110667213A CN201911020794.7A CN201911020794A CN110667213A CN 110667213 A CN110667213 A CN 110667213A CN 201911020794 A CN201911020794 A CN 201911020794A CN 110667213 A CN110667213 A CN 110667213A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0292—Polyurethane fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
- B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the high-performance non-woven fabric is simple and can be directly obtained from the spinning solution; the adopted raw material polymers, the natural antibacterial agent and the silver nitrate are green natural raw materials, are cheap, easily available and biodegradable, avoid secondary pollution possibly generated in the using process and have excellent environmental protection performance. The electrostatic spinning technology has simple process, easy control, good film forming property and easy realization of operation conditions; the prepared non-woven fabric has uniform fiber filamentation, small fiber diameter and greatly improved adsorptivity and filterability; the formed non-woven fabric has uniform thickness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabrics and application thereof, in particular to a high-performance non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nonwoven material is also called nonwoven fabric, nonwoven fabric or nonwoven fabric. The non-woven fabric is formed by directly utilizing high polymer slices, short fibers or filaments to form a net by air flow or machinery, then carrying out spunlace, needling or hot rolling reinforcement, and finally carrying out after-treatment. A novel fiber product having a soft, air-permeable and planar structure, which is strong, durable, silky and soft without generating lint, is one of reinforcing materials, and has a cotton-like feel, and a nonwoven fabric is easy to form and inexpensive as compared with cotton. Therefore, the diaper is widely applied to products such as infant paper diapers, adult diapers and the like.
The non-woven fabric used for the sanitary products is produced by polypropylene fibers, terylene and the like, has strict requirements on temperature during production, high operation difficulty and high overall hardness, and is produced by ES fibers later, so that the non-woven fabric has the characteristics of fluffiness, softness, high strength, oil absorption, water absorption and the like, can be used for disposable sanitary products such as masks, paper diapers and sanitary towels, but has limited performance, no antibacterial property and no capability of adsorbing toxic and harmful substances.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-performance non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a high-performance non-woven fabric which comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are consolidated and penetrate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
The antibacterial polymer layer is prepared by dissolving a polymer in a spinning solution, stirring and reacting the obtained mixed system at the temperature of 0-15 ℃ for 2-24 hours, and then performing electrostatic spinning under the conditions of electrostatic voltage of 20-25 kV and distance between a spinning nozzle and a receiving plate of 30-50 cm.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the polymer comprises one or more of polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, nylon, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide and polycaprolactone.
Wherein the spinning solution is a composite solvent formed by mixing hexafluoroisopropanol with any one of chloroform, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, N' -dimethylformamide or tetrahydrofuran. The volume ratio of the hexafluoroisopropanol to the ethyl acetate, the dichloromethane, the N, N' -dimethylformamide or the tetrahydrofuran is 5: 1-2: 1. By adopting the composite solvent, the polymer can be fully dissolved, and the prepared antibacterial polymer fiber is uniform in diameter;
further, the composite solvent is composed of hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane, and the volume ratio of the hexafluoroisopropanol to the dichloromethane is preferably 3: 1.
Wherein, a natural antibacterial agent is added into the mixed system, and the natural antibacterial agent is tea polyphenol extracted from tea leaves.
In another embodiment the tea polyphenols are extracted by:
(1) selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use;
(2) adding 50-70% ethanol into the tea fine powder, and carrying out ultrasonic extraction at 50 ℃ for 20-40 min; then carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 20-40 min at the temperature of 60 ℃;
(3) adding chitosan into the extractive solution, adding acid to adjust pH to 5-7, standing, vacuum filtering, and concentrating by evaporation to obtain extractive solution;
(4) and finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain the powder of the tea polyphenol extract in the tea.
Further, silver nitrate is added to the polymer solution to improve antibacterial and adsorptive properties by incorporating silver nanoparticles.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps: step 1, dissolving a polymer, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate in a spinning solution, stirring and reacting the obtained mixed system at the temperature of 0-15 ℃ for 2-24 hours, and preparing an antibacterial polymer layer through electrostatic spinning; step 2, carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine; step 3, performing single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and solidifying the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer; and 4, adhering the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high performance nonwoven fabric, comprising the steps of:
step 1, mixing a polymer, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate according to a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1, stirring and reacting the obtained mixed system for 2-24 hours at the temperature of 0-15 ℃, and then preparing an antibacterial polymer layer by electrostatic spinning under the conditions of electrostatic voltage of 20-25 kV and distance between a spinneret orifice and a receiving plate of 30-50 cm;
step 2, carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
step 3, performing single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and solidifying the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
and 4, adhering the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the cotton fiber-containing non-woven fabric is compounded with the ES fiber non-woven fabric by the spunlace process, so that the surface layer of the non-woven fabric contains the cotton fiber, the surface touch of the non-woven fabric is soft, the spunlace non-woven fabric processed by the method can achieve the touch of the common spunlace non-woven fabric by only needing a small amount of cotton fiber, the cotton fiber is saved, and the cost is low.
(2) The antibacterial polymer layer in the non-woven fabric adopts a plurality of polymers, so that the mechanical property and the thermal stability of the final non-woven fabric layer are obviously improved, the spunlace non-woven fabric has certain breaking strength, particularly longitudinal strength, good flexibility and capability of bearing the tensile force generated when a sanitary towel is machined, and the smooth machining of the spunlace non-woven fabric can be ensured, therefore, the cotton-containing non-woven fabric produced by the method can be applied to the surface layers of absorbent products such as sanitary towels, paper diapers and the like.
(3) The natural antibacterial agent is added into the polymer solution, the tea extract is rich in various components such as tea polyphenol, caffeine and the like, the tea polyphenol has good antibacterial, disinfecting and anti-inflammatory effects, the tea polyphenol has good oxidation resistance, the antibacterial, disinfecting and anti-inflammatory effects are good, the cost is low, and the polymer solution is green and environment-friendly. In addition, the chitosan is adopted to carry out flocculation precipitation on the extracting solution, so that the fibers, pectin and tannin in the extracting solution can be effectively eliminated, a good clarification and precipitation effect is achieved, and complicated and time-consuming operations such as chromatography column passing and the like are avoided. Silver nitrate is added, and the antibacterial performance and the adsorption performance are further improved by doping silver nanoparticles.
(4) In addition, the preparation method of the high-performance non-woven fabric is simple and can be directly obtained from the spinning solution; the adopted raw material polymers, the natural antibacterial agent and the silver nitrate are green natural raw materials, are cheap, easily available and biodegradable, avoid secondary pollution possibly generated in the using process and have excellent environmental protection performance. The electrostatic spinning technology has simple process, easy control, good film forming property and easy realization of operation conditions; the prepared non-woven fabric has uniform fiber filamentation, small fiber diameter and greatly improved adsorptivity and filterability; the formed non-woven fabric has uniform thickness.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure more comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with specific examples are described in detail below.
Example 1
A high-performance non-woven fabric comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer. Wherein, the preparation of the high-performance non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing tea polyphenol of a natural antibacterial agent tea extract: selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use; adding 50% ethanol into folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, and ultrasonic extracting at 50 deg.C for 20 min; then carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 40min at the temperature of 60 ℃; adding chitosan (the mass ratio of tea to chitosan is 5:1) into the extract, adding acid to adjust the pH value to 5-7, standing, then carrying out vacuum filtration, evaporating and concentrating to obtain an extract; and finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain the powder of the tea polyphenol extract in the tea.
(2) Preparation of the antibacterial polymer layer: mixing polymer polyurethane, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate according to a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 is dissolved in a spinning solution composite solvent hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane (3:1v/v), wherein the amount of added polymer polyurethane, natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate is 21 percent of the total mass of the mixed system, and the obtained mixed system is stirred and reacts for 12 hours at the temperature of 10 ℃ and then is subjected to electrostatic spinning under the conditions of 20kV electrostatic voltage and 30cm distance between a spinneret orifice and a receiving plate to obtain an antibacterial polymer layer;
(3) carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine; (4) carrying out single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and fixedly connecting the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer; (5) and (3) attaching the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
Example 2
A high-performance non-woven fabric comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer. Wherein, the preparation of the high-performance non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing tea polyphenol of a natural antibacterial agent tea extract: selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use; adding 70% ethanol into folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, and ultrasonic extracting at 50 deg.C for 40 min; then carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃; adding chitosan into the extractive solution, adding acid to adjust pH to 5-7, standing, vacuum filtering, and concentrating by evaporation to obtain extractive solution; and finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain the powder of the tea polyphenol extract in the tea.
(2) Preparation of the antibacterial polymer layer: mixing polymer nylon, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate according to a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 is dissolved in a spinning solution composite solvent hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane (3:1v/v), wherein the amount of the added polymer nylon, natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate is 22 percent of the total mass of the mixed system, and the obtained mixed system is stirred and reacts for 12 hours at the temperature of 10 ℃ and then is subjected to electrostatic spinning under the conditions of 20kV electrostatic voltage and 50cm distance between a spinneret orifice and a receiving plate to obtain an antibacterial polymer layer;
(3) carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
(4) carrying out single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and fixedly connecting the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
(5) and (3) attaching the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
Example 3
A high-performance non-woven fabric comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer. Wherein, the preparation of the high-performance non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing tea polyphenol of a natural antibacterial agent tea extract: selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use; adding 70% ethanol into folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, and ultrasonic extracting at 50 deg.C for 40 min; then carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃; adding chitosan into the extractive solution, adding acid to adjust pH to 5-7, standing, vacuum filtering, and concentrating by evaporation to obtain extractive solution; and finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain the powder of the tea polyphenol extract in the tea.
(2) Preparation of the antibacterial polymer layer: the method comprises the following steps of mixing polymer polyhydroxybutyric acid, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate according to a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1 is dissolved in a spinning solution composite solvent hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane (3:1v/v), wherein the amount of added polymer polyhydroxybutyric acid, natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate is 20 percent of the total mass of the mixed system, and the obtained mixed system is stirred and reacts for 12 hours at the temperature of 10 ℃ and then is subjected to electrostatic spinning under the conditions of 20kV electrostatic voltage and 50cm distance between a spinneret orifice and a receiving plate to obtain an antibacterial polymer layer;
(3) carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
(4) carrying out single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and fixedly connecting the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
(5) and (3) attaching the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
Example 4
A high-performance non-woven fabric comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer. Wherein, the preparation of the high-performance non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing tea polyphenol of a natural antibacterial agent tea extract: selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use; adding 60% ethanol into folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, and ultrasonic extracting at 50 deg.C for 40 min; then carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃; adding chitosan into the extractive solution, adding acid to adjust pH to 5-7, standing, vacuum filtering, and concentrating by evaporation to obtain extractive solution; and finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain the powder of the tea polyphenol extract in the tea.
(2) Preparation of the antibacterial polymer layer: mixing polymer polyetherimide, nylon, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1.5: 1: 1 is dissolved in a spinning solution composite solvent hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane (3:1v/v), wherein the amount of added polymers polyetherimide, nylon, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate is 25 percent of the total mass of a mixed system, and the mixed system is stirred and reacts for 12 hours at the temperature of 10 ℃ and then is subjected to electrostatic spinning under the conditions of 20kV electrostatic voltage and 50cm distance between a spinning nozzle and a receiving plate to prepare an antibacterial polymer layer;
(3) carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
(4) carrying out single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and fixedly connecting the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
(5) and (3) attaching the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
Example 5
A high-performance non-woven fabric comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer. Wherein, the preparation of the high-performance non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing tea polyphenol of a natural antibacterial agent tea extract: selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use; adding 60% ethanol into folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, and ultrasonic extracting at 50 deg.C for 40 min; then carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃; adding chitosan into the extractive solution, adding acid to adjust pH to 5-7, standing, vacuum filtering, and concentrating by evaporation to obtain extractive solution; and finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain the powder of the tea polyphenol extract in the tea.
(2) Preparation of the antibacterial polymer layer: mixing polymer nylon, polyhydroxybutyric acid, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate according to a mass ratio of 1.5: 1.5: 1: 1 in a ratio of hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane (3:1v/v), wherein the added amount of the polymer of poly-nylon, polyhydroxy butyric acid, natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate is 25% of the total mass of the mixed system, and the obtained mixed system is stirred and reacts for 12 hours at the temperature of 10 ℃ and then is subjected to electrostatic spinning under the conditions of 20kV electrostatic voltage and 40cm distance between a spinning nozzle and a receiving plate to obtain an antibacterial polymer layer;
(3) carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
(4) carrying out single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and fixedly connecting the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
(5) and (3) attaching the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
Comparative example 1
A high-performance non-woven fabric comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer. Wherein, the preparation of the high-performance non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving polymer polyacrylonitrile in a spinning solution composite solvent of hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane (3:1v/v), wherein the added amount of the polymer polyacrylonitrile is 25% of the total mass of a mixed system, stirring and reacting the mixed system at the temperature of 10 ℃ for 12 hours, and then preparing an antibacterial polymer layer by electrostatic spinning under the conditions of 20kV electrostatic voltage and 40cm distance between a spinneret and a receiving plate;
(2) carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
(3) carrying out single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and fixedly connecting the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
(4) and (3) attaching the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
Comparative example 2
A high-performance non-woven fabric comprises at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is made of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer. Wherein, the preparation of the high-performance non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing tea polyphenol of a natural antibacterial agent tea extract: selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use; adding 60% ethanol into folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, and ultrasonic extracting at 50 deg.C for 40 min; then carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃; adding chitosan into the extractive solution, adding acid to adjust pH to 5-7, standing, vacuum filtering, and concentrating by evaporation to obtain extractive solution; finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain tea polyphenol extract powder in the tea;
(2) mixing polymer nylon and a natural antibacterial agent according to a mass ratio of 3:1 is dissolved in a spinning solution composite solvent hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane (3:1v/v), wherein the amount of the added polymer nylon and a natural antibacterial agent is 25 percent of the total mass of a mixed system, and the obtained mixed system is stirred and reacts for 12 hours at the temperature of 10 ℃ and then is subjected to electrostatic spinning under the conditions of 20kV electrostatic voltage and 40cm distance between a spinning nozzle and a receiving plate to obtain an antibacterial polymer layer;
(3) carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
(4) carrying out single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and fixedly connecting the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
(5) and (3) attaching the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
And (3) performance testing:
1. the AATCC100-1996 standard is adopted, and the bacteriostatic rate is calculated according to the following formula: the bacteriostatic rate is (blank control viable count-spun lace non-woven fabric viable count)/blank control sample viable count, wherein the blank control is pure cotton cloth, the bacteriostatic effect of the non-woven material is obtained by calculation and is shown in table 1, and the test strains are staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and penicillium.
TABLE 1 detection of bacteriostatic effects
As can be seen from table 1, the antibacterial effects of the examples 1 to 5 are excellent, and the polymer solution has antibacterial effects on both bacteria and mold, and the natural antibacterial agent tea polyphenol added to the polymer solution has good inoxidizability, and good antibacterial, antivirus and anti-inflammatory effects; in addition, silver nitrate is added, and the antibacterial performance and the adsorption performance are further improved by doping silver nanoparticles. The components are not added in the comparative example 1, the antibacterial performance is basically not possessed, the natural antibacterial agent tea polyphenol is added in the comparative example 2, the antibacterial performance is certain, and the antifungal effect is obviously lower than that of the examples 1-5.
2. The high-performance non-woven fabric prepared in the embodiments 1-5 of the invention is subjected to performance test, wherein the longitudinal strength and the longitudinal elongation are measured by GB/T24218.3-2010 standard, and the following table 2:
TABLE 2 test results of high-performance nonwoven fabrics prepared in examples 1 to 5
The test results of the above examples show that the high-performance non-woven fabric prepared by the invention has the longitudinal strength of more than or equal to 17, the longitudinal elongation of more than 300, uniform fiber filamentation, small fiber diameter and greatly improved adsorbability and filterability; the formed non-woven fabric has uniform thickness and various index performances superior to those of the prior art.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosure, but the disclosure may be embodied in other ways than those described herein, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and therefore the disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The high-performance non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising at least one layer of soft cotton layer, an ES fiber non-woven fabric layer and an antibacterial polymer layer, wherein the soft cotton layer is composed of cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are solidified and permeate into the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer, and the antibacterial polymer layer is attached to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
2. The high-performance non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial polymer layer is prepared by dissolving a polymer in a spinning solution, stirring and reacting the obtained mixed system at the temperature of 0-15 ℃ for 2-24 hours, and then performing electrostatic spinning at the electrostatic voltage of 20 ~ 25kV and the distance between a spinning nozzle and a receiving plate is 30-50 cm.
3. The high-performance non-woven fabric according to claim 2, wherein the polymer comprises one or more of polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, nylon, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide and polycaprolactone.
4. The high-performance nonwoven fabric according to claim 2, wherein the spinning solution is a composite solvent and is formed by mixing hexafluoroisopropanol with any one of chloroform, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, N' -dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran.
5. The functional environment-friendly non-woven fabric according to claim 4, wherein the composite solvent is composed of hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane in a volume ratio of 3: 1.
6. The high-performance non-woven fabric according to claim 2, wherein a natural antibacterial agent is added into the mixed system, and the natural antibacterial agent is tea extract tea polyphenol.
7. The high-performance non-woven fabric according to claim 6, wherein the tea polyphenol is extracted in a manner that:
1) selecting fresh tea leaves, crushing and sieving for later use;
2) adding 50 ~ 70% ethanol into folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, ultrasonic extracting at 50 deg.C for 20 ~ 40min, and ultrasonic extracting at 60 deg.C for 20 ~ 40 min;
3) adding chitosan into the extractive solution, adding acid to adjust pH to 5-7, standing, vacuum filtering, and concentrating by evaporation to obtain extractive solution;
4) and finally, spray drying the extracting solution at 50 ℃ to obtain the powder of the tea polyphenol extract in the tea.
8. The high-performance nonwoven fabric of claim 6, wherein silver nitrate is added to the polymer solution.
9. The method for preparing the high-performance non-woven fabric according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
step 1, dissolving a polymer, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate in a spinning solution, stirring and reacting the obtained mixed system at the temperature of 0-15 ℃ for 2-24 hours, and preparing an antibacterial polymer layer through electrostatic spinning;
step 2, carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
step 3, performing single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and solidifying the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
and 4, adhering the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
10. The method for preparing the high-performance non-woven fabric according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
step 1, dissolving a polymer, a natural antibacterial agent and silver nitrate in a spinning solution according to a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1, stirring and reacting the obtained mixed system at the temperature of 0-15 ℃ for 2-24 hours, and then preparing an antibacterial polymer layer through electrostatic spinning under the conditions of electrostatic voltage of 20 ~ 25kV and the distance between a spinning nozzle and a receiving plate of 30-50 cm;
step 2, carding and grinding cotton fibers, and flatly placing a cotton fiber layer on the surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer through a carding machine;
step 3, performing single-sided or double-sided spunlace process, and solidifying the cotton fibers of the soft cotton layer on the upper surface of the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer;
and 4, adhering the antibacterial polymer layer to the ES fiber non-woven fabric layer.
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