CN110667114B - Integrated printing device and printing method for continuous fiber embedded material - Google Patents
Integrated printing device and printing method for continuous fiber embedded material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110667114B CN110667114B CN201910986349.XA CN201910986349A CN110667114B CN 110667114 B CN110667114 B CN 110667114B CN 201910986349 A CN201910986349 A CN 201910986349A CN 110667114 B CN110667114 B CN 110667114B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated printing device and method for a continuous fiber embedded material, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing of functional materials. The method comprises the steps that a polymer cylinder with holes is prefabricated into a filament rod, continuous fibers penetrate through the holes of the filament rod, the filament rod is clamped in a filament forming cylinder, the filament rod is pushed downwards by a pushing rod and passes through a heating area, molten polymer flows downwards to wrap the surface of the continuous fibers, finally, formed filaments come out from the bottom of the filament forming cylinder, the formed filaments are cut when the diameters of the formed filaments do not meet the requirements after passing through a measuring and cutting mechanism, the formed filaments directly enter a feeding mechanism when the diameters of the formed filaments meet the requirements, the formed filaments are continuously fed downwards by the feeding mechanism and are fed into a printing head component to realize printing. Has the advantages that: the adhesion between the fiber and the polymer is good, the local accumulation of the continuous fiber can not be generated, the molding wires with different diameters can be printed according to the requirement, and the printing of the continuous fiber embedded high-melting-point polymer is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing of functional materials, in particular to an integrated printing device and a printing method for a continuous fiber embedded material, which are suitable for high-melting-point materials and the integrated printing method and device for the continuous fiber embedded material, solve the problems of continuous fiber distribution and adhesion among different materials, and provide a scheme for non-industrial environments.
Background
Fused deposition is the most common additive manufacturing technique, and is also currently the only additive manufacturing method for high melting point, high performance polymers.
The continuous fiber embedded functional material has excellent mechanical properties (such as modulus and strength), potential recycling characteristics and lighter structure, so that the continuous fiber embedded functional material has wide application prospect and is gradually replacing common thermosetting materials and steel materials. On the other hand, after the embedded continuous fibers are electrified, the shape memory deformation of the polymer can be realized through electrothermal conversion, so that the designed parts have functionality and diversity. More and more researchers begin to research 3D printing methods of continuous fibers, such as improving the methods to be dual-head nozzles, adopting a screw extrusion mode, pre-dipping hot melt resin, and the like, but the continuous fibers are not uniformly distributed in the polymer, the fibers cannot be well bonded with the polymer, problems of local accumulation of the continuous fibers and the like are easily generated, and the problems of reduced mechanical properties, reduced functionality and limited application range of products are caused. The method for directly printing by taking the flowing polymer melt as the raw material requires that the melting point of the polymer is lower at present, otherwise, the polymer is rapidly solidified due to larger temperature difference, printing cannot be realized, and the method is not suitable for the high-melting-point polymer.
Therefore, there is a need for an integrated printing method and apparatus for embedding continuous fibers into a high melting point material, which can uniformly distribute the continuous fibers in the polymer and effectively bond the continuous fibers to the polymer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated printing device and a printing method for a continuous fiber embedded material, which solve the problems that continuous fibers are unevenly distributed in a polymer and cannot be well bonded with the polymer, and the continuous fibers are locally accumulated and are not suitable for printing high-melting-point polymers in the prior art. The invention relates to a prefabricated perforated polymer cylinder wire forming rod, continuous fibers pass through holes of the wire forming rod, the wire forming rod is clamped at the center of a wire forming cylinder by a pressing block, the wire forming rod is continuously pushed downwards by a pushing rod positioned at the upper end of a wire forming mechanism, the wire forming rod passes through a heating zone, molten polymer flows downwards to wrap the surface of the continuous fibers, finally, a formed wire is discharged from the bottom of the wire forming cylinder, the formed wire passes through a measuring and shearing mechanism, when the measured diameter of the formed wire does not meet the requirement, a point moving edge is pressed down to cut the formed wire, when the diameter of the formed wire meets the requirement, the formed wire directly enters a feeding mechanism below, the formed wire is clamped between a driving wire feeding wheel and a driven wire feeding wheel, the driving wire feeding wheel continuously rotates to feed the formed wire downwards to be fed into a printing head component, and finally, the printing of embedded continuous fiber polymer is realized.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the integrated printing device for the continuous fiber embedded material comprises a pushing mechanism 1, a filament forming mechanism 2, a measuring and shearing mechanism 3, a feeding mechanism 4, a printing head component 5, a connecting frame 6 and a controller 7, wherein the pushing mechanism 1 is positioned above the filament forming mechanism 2, and the filament forming mechanism 2 is fixed on the connecting frame 6; the measuring and shearing mechanism 3 is positioned below the filament forming mechanism 2 and fixedly connected with the connecting frame 6, the feeding mechanism 4 is positioned below the measuring and shearing mechanism 3 and fixed at the lower part of the connecting frame 6, the printing head component 5 is positioned below the feeding mechanism 4, and the controller 7 is respectively connected with the pushing mechanism 1, the measuring and shearing mechanism 3, the feeding mechanism 4 and the printing head component 5 and can control the action and the temperature of the pushing mechanism, the measuring and shearing mechanism 3, the feeding mechanism 4 and the printing head component 5.
The filamentation mechanism 2 is: the three springs 22 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the wire forming cylinder 21 in the circumferential direction, the axes of the springs 22 point to the axis of the wire forming cylinder 21 and are perpendicular to the axis of the wire forming cylinder 21, and the springs are fixed on the inner surface of the wire forming cylinder 21 through positioning protrusions 211; the three pressing blocks 23 and the spring 22 are distributed in the same way, one surface of each pressing block 23 is connected with the spring 22 and connected with the wire forming cylinder 21 through the spring 22, and the other surface of each pressing block 23 is connected with the wire forming rod 101, so that clamping and centering can be realized; the inner side of the filamentation cylinder 21 is provided with a primary heating zone 24, a secondary heating zone 25 and a tertiary heating zone 26.
The measuring and shearing mechanism 3 is as follows: the axis of the measuring hole 351 of the outer diameter measuring instrument 35 is superposed with the axis of the wire forming cylinder 21; the fixed blade 31 is arranged on the lower surface of the outer diameter measuring instrument 35, one end of the fixed blade is provided with a fixed blade connecting hole and a fixed blade bulge 311, and the middle part of the fixed blade is provided with two mounting holes 312; the movable blade 33 is positioned below the fixed blade 31, and one end of the movable blade is provided with a movable blade connecting hole and a movable blade bulge 331; the pan nail 34 passes through the fixed blade connecting hole and the inching blade connecting hole to connect the fixed blade 31 and the inching blade 33 together; the spring 32 has both ends positioned by the fixed blade projection 311 and the movable blade projection 331, respectively.
The pushing mechanism 1 is as follows: the lower surface of the push rod 11 is contacted with the upper surface of the filamentation rod 101 to provide pushing force for the filamentation rod 101; the thrust ring 12 is fixedly arranged on the propelling rod 11, and the lower surface of the thrust ring 12 is stuck with a sensing plate 13;
the feeding mechanism 4 is: the driving wire feeding wheel 41 provides uniform rotation motion, the driven wire feeding wheel 42 freely rotates around a shaft, the formed wire 103 is tightly pressed between the driving wire feeding wheel 41 and the driven wire feeding wheel 42, and the driving wire feeding wheel 41 rotates to drive the formed wire 103 to move upwards or downwards at a uniform speed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an integrated printing method for embedding continuous fibers in a material, wherein a polymer cylinder with holes is prefabricated into a filament rod, and the continuous fibers pass through the holes of the filament rod, the filament rod is clamped at the center of a filament forming cylinder by a pressing block, a pushing rod at the upper end of a filament forming mechanism continuously pushes the filament rod downwards, the filament rod passes through a heating zone, molten polymer flows downwards to wrap the surface of the continuous fibers, finally, a formed filament material is discharged from the bottom of the filament forming cylinder, the formed filament material passes through a measuring and shearing mechanism, when the measured diameter of the formed filament material does not meet the requirement, a movable blade is pressed down to shear the formed filament material, the formed filament material directly enters a feeding mechanism below when the diameter of the formed filament material meets the requirement, the formed filament material is clamped between a driving filament feeding wheel and a driven filament feeding wheel, the driving filament feeding wheel continuously rotates to feed the formed filament material downwards to be fed into a printing head component, finally, the printing of the embedded continuous fiber polymer is realized. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, wrapping a polymer material film on the surface of a steel rod, heating for 2 hours at the melting temperature of a polymer, cooling, and removing the steel rod to form a wire rod 101; the diameter of the steel rod is 5mm, the diameter of the formed wire forming rod 101 is 3-4 cm, and a through hole of 5mm is formed in the axial direction;
secondly, the pushing rod 11 is lifted upwards, the filament forming rod 101 is placed into the filament forming cylinder 21 to be clamped and centered, the pushing rod 11 moves downwards to be pressed into the filament forming rod 101, and the continuous fibers 102 pass through the through holes of the filament forming rod 101;
thirdly, the pushing rod 11 moves downwards, abuts against and is pressed against the top end of the filament forming rod 101, the continuous fibers 102 penetrate through a through hole of the filament forming rod 101, the upper end of the continuous fibers 102 is wound on the rotating wheel, and the lower end of the continuous fibers exceeds the bottom end of the filament forming rod 101 by 5cm and is loosened and drooped;
and step four, the first-stage heating zone 24, the second-stage heating zone 25 and the third-stage heating zone 26 start to heat, the heating temperature is the melting temperature of the polymer, the pushing rod 11 starts to push the filament forming rod 101 to move downwards after the temperature reaches the specified temperature, the filament forming rod 101 gradually passes through the first-stage heating zone, the second-stage heating zone and the third-stage heating zone in the filament forming cylinder 21, and the bottom end of the filament forming rod 101 is melted into filaments when passing through the third-stage heating zone 26.
Putting the wire forming rod 101 into the wire forming cylinder 21 for clamping and centering, specifically: when the wire forming rod 101 is put into the wire forming cylinder 21, the pressing block 23 automatically clamps and centers under the elastic force of the spring 22.
Step four, the filament forming rod 101 gradually passes through the first, second and third heating zones in the filament forming cylinder 21, and the bottom end of the filament forming rod 101 is melted into filaments when passing through the third heating zone 26, specifically: the bottom end of the wire forming rod 101 passes through the first-stage heating zone 24 and the second-stage heating zone 25, the outer surface layer is heated and melted and flows downwards under the action of gravity, the bottom end of the wire forming rod 101 gradually becomes conical, the diameter becomes smaller, when the wire forming rod passes through the third-stage heating zone 26, the polymer is further melted and flows downwards to wrap the surface of the continuous fiber 102, and the formed wire 103 is formed after the polymer passes through the third-stage heating zone and is cooled.
The diameter of the formed wire 103 is changed by controlling the advancing speed of the advancing rod 11.
The formed wire 103 is measured by the measuring and shearing mechanism 3, the formed wire 103 with the diameter meeting the requirement directly enters the feeding mechanism 4, enters the printing head part 5 under the pushing of the feeding mechanism 4, and the polymer material containing continuous fibers is printed.
The forming wire 103 is measured by the measuring and shearing mechanism 3, and specifically comprises the following steps: the outer diameter measuring instrument 35 of the measuring and shearing mechanism 3 measures the real-time diameter of the formed wire 103, and when the diameter of the formed wire 103 does not meet the requirement, the point-moving blade 43 cuts off the formed wire 103.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can realize the printing of the continuous fiber embedded material, can directly manufacture the polymer printing wire embedded with the continuous fiber, integrates the wire forming and printing into a whole, is beneficial to reducing the experimental steps and has better automaticity;
2. the polymer printing wire embedded with the continuous fibers, which is manufactured by the invention, has the advantages that the positions of the continuous fibers inside the polymer printing wire are uniformly distributed, the polymer printing wire has better adhesiveness with the polymer, and the local accumulation of the continuous fibers cannot be generated in the manufacturing process;
3. the raw materials used in the invention are easy to obtain, and can be recycled by 100% under the condition of residual raw materials, thus being beneficial to reducing the cost and protecting the environment;
4. the invention is simultaneously suitable for the high-melting-point polymer, forms printing wires by a local heating method, completes printing and realizes the printing of the continuous fiber embedded high-melting-point polymer;
5. the invention can simultaneously change the advancing speed and the feeding speed, the diameter of the formed wire can be changed by adjusting the advancing speed and the feeding speed in a matching way under the condition that the size of the formed wire rod is not changed, or the diameter of the formed wire can be changed by changing the size of the formed wire rod and the advancing speed under the condition that the feeding speed is not changed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an integrated continuous fiber embedment material printing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the integrated continuous fiber inserted material printing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the measuring shear mechanism of the integrated continuous fiber inserted material printing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a molding wire obtained using polyether ether ketone as a polymer and carbon fibers as continuous fibers.
In the figure: 1. a pushing mechanism; 11. a push rod; 12. a thrust ring; 13. a sensor sheet; 2. a filament forming mechanism; 21. forming a wire barrel; 211. a positioning protrusion; 22. a spring; 23. briquetting; 24. a primary heating zone; 25. a secondary heating zone; 26. a third heating zone; 3. measuring a shearing mechanism; 31. fixing the blade; 311. the fixed blade is raised; 312. mounting holes; 32. a spring; 33. clicking the blade; 331. the inching blade is convex; 34. pan nails; 35. an outer diameter measuring instrument; 351. measuring a hole; 4. a feed mechanism; 41. a driving wire feeding wheel; 42. a driven wire feeding wheel; 5. a printhead component; 6. a connecting frame; 7. a control feedback center; 801. polyether ether ketone; 802. carbon fibers; 101. forming a filament rod; 102. a continuous fiber; 103. and (6) forming the wire.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the integrated printing device and method for embedding continuous fibers into a material of the present invention comprises prefabricating a perforated polymer cylinder into a filament rod, passing the continuous fibers through the holes of the filament rod, clamping the filament rod at the center of a filament forming cylinder by a pressing block, continuously pushing the filament rod downwards by a pushing rod at the upper end of a filament forming mechanism, passing the filament rod through a heating zone, flowing the molten polymer downwards to wrap the surface of the continuous fibers, finally discharging the formed filament from the bottom of the filament forming cylinder, passing the formed filament through a measuring and cutting mechanism, cutting the formed filament by pressing a lower touching blade when the measured diameter of the formed filament does not meet the requirement, directly entering a feeding mechanism at the lower part when the diameter of the formed filament meets the requirement, clamping the formed filament between a driving filament feeding wheel and a driven filament feeding wheel, continuously rotating the driving filament feeding wheel to feed the formed filament downwards, and feeding the continuous fiber polymer into a printing head component to finally realize the printing of the embedded continuous fiber polymer. Before the wire rod is clamped, the push rod is in a lifting state, and after the clamping, the push rod moves downwards until the upper surface of the wire rod is tightly pressed. When the filamentation stick entered the heating zone time, the extexine melts, and downward flow under the action of gravity, the filamentation stick bottom becomes coniform gradually, and the diameter diminishes, and when tertiary heating zone time was being passed through, the polymer further melts downward flow, wraps up on continuous fibers surface, cools off after the heating zone and forms the shaping silk material. The formed wire entering the feeding mechanism is clamped and fed, and both ends of the wire are positioned at the moment, so that the stability of movement and the accuracy of position are kept. The diameter of the formed wire can be changed by adjusting the wire forming rod and the wire forming rod in a matching way under the condition that the size of the wire forming rod is not changed, or the diameter of the formed wire can be changed by changing the size of the wire forming rod and the advancing speed under the condition that the feeding speed is not changed.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the integrated printing apparatus for continuous fiber-embedded material of the present invention includes a pushing mechanism 1, a filament forming mechanism 2, a measuring and cutting mechanism 3, a feeding mechanism 4, a printing head component 5, a connecting frame 6, and a controller 7. The device comprises a pushing mechanism 1, a filamentation mechanism 2, a measuring and shearing mechanism 3, a feeding mechanism 4, a printing head component 5, a connecting frame 6 and a controller 7, wherein the pushing mechanism 1 is positioned above the filamentation mechanism 2, and the filamentation mechanism 2 is fixed on the connecting frame 6; the measuring and cutting mechanism 3 is positioned below the filament forming mechanism 2 and fixedly connected with the connecting frame 6, the feeding mechanism 4 is positioned below the measuring and cutting mechanism 3 and fixed at the lower part of the connecting frame 6, the printing head component 5 is positioned below the feeding mechanism 4, and the controller 7 is respectively connected with the pushing mechanism 1, the measuring and cutting mechanism 3, the feeding mechanism 4 and the printing head component 5 and can intensively display data, control speed and temperature.
The filamentation mechanism 2 is: the three springs 22 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the wire forming cylinder 21 in the circumferential direction, the axes of the springs 22 point to the axis of the wire forming cylinder 21 and are perpendicular to the axis of the wire forming cylinder 21, and the springs are fixed on the inner surface of the wire forming cylinder 21 through positioning protrusions 211; the three pressing blocks 23 and the spring 22 are distributed in the same way, one surface of each pressing block 23 is connected with the spring 22 and connected with the wire forming cylinder 21 through the spring 22, and the other surface of each pressing block 23 is connected with the wire forming rod 101, so that clamping and centering can be realized; the inner side of the filamentation cylinder 21 is provided with a primary heating zone 24, a secondary heating zone 25 and a tertiary heating zone 26. The wire forming rod 101 is in contact with the surface of the pressing block 23 and exerts radial pressure on the pressing block 23, the spring 22 counteracts the pressure borne by the pressing block 23, and the wire forming rod 101 is clamped in the wire forming cylinder 21 and centered; the primary heating zone 24, the secondary heating zone 25 and the tertiary heating zone 26 are sequentially heated step by step into a filament rod 101.
The measuring and shearing mechanism 3 is as follows: the axis of the measuring hole 351 of the outer diameter measuring instrument 35 is superposed with the axis of the wire forming cylinder 21; the fixed blade 31 is arranged on the lower surface of the outer diameter measuring instrument 35, one end of the fixed blade is provided with a fixed blade connecting hole and a fixed blade bulge 311, and the middle part of the fixed blade is provided with two mounting holes 312; the movable blade 33 is positioned below the fixed blade 31, and one end of the movable blade is provided with a movable blade connecting hole and a movable blade bulge 331; the pan nail 34 passes through the fixed blade connecting hole and the inching blade connecting hole to connect the fixed blade 31 and the inching blade 33 together; the spring 32 has both ends positioned by the fixed blade projection 311 and the movable blade projection 331, respectively. The movable point blade 33 connected by the pot nail 34 can rotate relative to the fixed blade 31, the spring 32 of the movable point blade 33 is compressed when the movable point blade 33 is pressed, and the movable point blade 33 is released and the movable point blade 33 is reset under the action of the spring force.
The pushing mechanism 1 is as follows: the lower surface of the push rod 11 is contacted with the upper surface of the filamentation rod 101 to provide pushing force for the filamentation rod 101; the thrust ring 12 is fixedly arranged on the propelling rod 11, and the lower surface of the thrust ring 12 is stuck with a sensing plate 13; when the pushing rod 11 is fed for a certain distance, the sensing piece 13 on the lower surface of the thrust ring 12 which is annularly connected with the pushing rod 11 is contacted with the upper surface of the wire forming cylinder 21, the pressed sensing piece 13 is closed, and the pushing mechanism 1 stops working.
The feeding mechanism 4 is: the driving wire feeding wheel 41 provides uniform rotation motion, the driven wire feeding wheel 42 can freely rotate around a shaft, the formed wire 103 is tightly pressed between the driving wire feeding wheel 41 and the driven wire feeding wheel 42, and the driving wire feeding wheel 41 rotates to drive the formed wire 103 to move upwards or downwards at a uniform speed.
The printing head part 5 is a high-temperature resistant printing head which is commonly available on the market.
The invention discloses an integrated printing method of a continuous fiber embedded material, which comprises the following steps:
step one, wrapping a polymer material film on the surface of a steel rod, heating for 2 hours at the melting temperature of a polymer, cooling, and removing the steel rod to form a wire rod 101; the diameter of the steel rod is 5mm, the diameter of the formed wire forming rod 101 is 3-4 cm, and a through hole of 5mm is formed in the axial direction; this method is conventional and will not be explained in detail in this description.
Secondly, the pushing rod 11 is lifted upwards, the filament forming rod 101 is placed into the filament forming cylinder 21 to be clamped and centered, the pushing rod 11 moves downwards to be pressed into the filament forming rod 101, and the continuous fibers 102 pass through the through holes of the filament forming rod 101;
thirdly, the pushing rod 11 moves downwards, abuts against and is pressed against the top end of the filament forming rod 101, the continuous fibers 102 penetrate through a through hole of the filament forming rod 101, the upper end of the continuous fibers 102 is wound on the rotating wheel, and the lower end of the continuous fibers exceeds the bottom end of the filament forming rod 101 by 5cm and is loosened and drooped;
and step four, the first-stage heating zone 24, the second-stage heating zone 25 and the third-stage heating zone 26 start to heat, the heating temperature is the melting temperature of the polymer, the pushing rod 11 starts to push the filament forming rod 101 to move downwards after the temperature reaches the specified temperature, the filament forming rod 101 gradually passes through the first-stage heating zone, the second-stage heating zone and the third-stage heating zone in the filament forming cylinder 21, and the bottom end of the filament forming rod 101 is melted into filaments when passing through the third-stage heating zone 26.
Putting the wire forming rod 101 into the wire forming cylinder 21 for clamping and centering, specifically: when the wire forming rod 101 is put into the wire forming cylinder 21, the pressing block 23 automatically clamps and centers under the elastic force of the spring 22.
Step four, the filament forming rod 101 gradually passes through the first, second and third heating zones in the filament forming cylinder 21, and the bottom end of the filament forming rod 101 is melted into filaments when passing through the third heating zone 26, specifically: the bottom end of the wire forming rod 101 passes through the first-stage heating zone 24 and the second-stage heating zone 25, the outer surface layer is heated and melted and flows downwards under the action of gravity, the bottom end of the wire forming rod 101 gradually becomes conical, the diameter becomes smaller, when the wire forming rod passes through the third-stage heating zone 26, the polymer is further melted and flows downwards to wrap the surface of the continuous fiber 102, and the formed wire 103 is formed after the polymer passes through the third-stage heating zone and is cooled.
By controlling the advancing speed of the advancing rod 11, the diameter of the formed wire 103 can be changed.
The formed wire 103 is measured by the measuring and shearing mechanism 3, the formed wire 103 with the diameter meeting the requirement directly enters the feeding mechanism 4, enters the printing head part 5 under the pushing of the feeding mechanism 4, and the polymer material containing continuous fibers is printed.
The forming wire 103 is measured by the measuring and shearing mechanism 3, and specifically comprises the following steps: the outer diameter measuring instrument 35 of the measuring and shearing mechanism 3 measures the real-time diameter of the formed wire 103, and when the diameter of the formed wire 103 does not meet the requirement, the point-moving blade 43 cuts off the formed wire 103.
Referring to FIG. 5, a real object diagram of the formed wire material obtained by the wire forming mechanism is shown, taking polyetheretherketone 801 as a polymer and carbon fiber 802 as a continuous fiber as an example.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An integrated printing device of continuous fiber embedding material, characterized in that: the device comprises a pushing mechanism (1), a filamentation mechanism (2), a measuring and shearing mechanism (3), a feeding mechanism (4), a printing head component (5), a connecting frame (6) and a controller (7), wherein the pushing mechanism (1) is positioned above the filamentation mechanism (2), and the filamentation mechanism (2) is fixed on the connecting frame (6); the measuring and shearing mechanism (3) is positioned below the filament forming mechanism (2) and fixedly connected with the connecting frame (6), the feeding mechanism (4) is positioned below the measuring and shearing mechanism (3) and fixed at the lower part of the connecting frame (6), the printing head component (5) is positioned below the feeding mechanism (4), and the controller (7) is respectively connected with the pushing mechanism (1), the measuring and shearing mechanism (3), the feeding mechanism (4) and the printing head component (5) and can control the action and the temperature of the pushing mechanism, the measuring and shearing mechanism (3), the feeding mechanism (4) and the printing head component (5);
the filamentation mechanism (2) is as follows: the three springs (22) are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the wire forming cylinder (21) in the circumferential direction, the axes of the springs (22) point to the axis of the wire forming cylinder (21), are perpendicular to the axis of the wire forming cylinder (21) and are fixed on the inner surface of the wire forming cylinder (21) through positioning protrusions (211); the three pressing blocks (23) and the spring (22) are distributed in the same way, one surface of each pressing block (23) is connected with the spring (22) and is connected with the wire forming cylinder (21) through the spring (22), and the other surface of each pressing block is connected with the wire forming rod (101), so that clamping and centering can be realized; the inner side of the filamentation cylinder (21) is provided with a primary heating zone (24), a secondary heating zone (25) and a tertiary heating zone (26);
the measuring and shearing mechanism (3) is as follows: the axis of a measuring hole (351) of the outer diameter measuring instrument (35) is superposed with the axis of the wire forming cylinder (21); the fixed blade (31) is arranged on the lower surface of the outer diameter measuring instrument (35), one end of the fixed blade is provided with a fixed blade connecting hole and a fixed blade bulge (311), and the middle part of the fixed blade is provided with two mounting holes (312); the movable blade (33) is positioned below the fixed blade (31), and one end of the movable blade is provided with a movable blade connecting hole and a movable blade bulge (331); the pan nail (34) penetrates through the fixed blade connecting hole and the movable blade connecting hole to connect the fixed blade (31) and the movable blade (33) together; two ends of the spring (32) are respectively positioned by the fixed blade bulge (311) and the movable blade bulge (331);
the pushing mechanism (1) is as follows: the lower surface of the push rod (11) is contacted with the upper surface of the filamentation rod (101) to provide pushing force for the filamentation rod (101); the thrust ring (12) is fixedly arranged on the propelling rod (11), and the lower surface of the thrust ring (12) is stuck with a sensing sheet (13);
the feeding mechanism (4) is: the driving wire feeding wheel (41) provides uniform rotation motion, the driven wire feeding wheel (42) freely rotates around a shaft, the formed wire (103) is tightly pressed between the driving wire feeding wheel (41) and the driven wire feeding wheel (42), and the driving wire feeding wheel (41) rotates to drive the formed wire (103) to move upwards or downwards at a uniform speed.
2. An integrated printing method of a continuous fiber embedded material is characterized in that: prefabricating a polymer cylinder with holes into a filament rod, enabling continuous fibers to pass through the holes of the filament rod, clamping the filament rod at the center of a filament forming cylinder, continuously pushing the filament rod downwards by a pushing rod, enabling the filament rod to pass through a heating area, enabling molten polymer to flow downwards and wrap the surface of the continuous fibers, and finally enabling the formed filament to come out from the bottom of the filament forming cylinder; the method comprises the following steps:
step one, wrapping a polymer material film on the surface of a steel rod, heating for 2 hours at the melting temperature of a polymer, cooling, and removing the steel rod to form a wire rod (101); the diameter of the steel rod is 5mm, the diameter of the formed wire forming rod (101) is 3-4 cm, and a through hole of 5mm is formed in the axial direction;
secondly, the pushing rod (11) is lifted upwards, the filament forming rod (101) is placed in the filament forming cylinder (21) to be clamped and centered, the pushing rod (11) moves downwards to be pressed into the filament forming rod (101), and the continuous fibers (102) pass through the through holes of the filament forming rod (101);
thirdly, the pushing rod (11) moves downwards, abuts against and is pressed against the top end of the filament forming rod (101), the continuous fibers (102) penetrate through the through holes of the filament forming rod (101), the upper end of the continuous fibers (102) is wound on the rotating wheel, the lower end of the continuous fibers (102) exceeds the bottom end of the filament forming rod (101) by 5cm, and the continuous fibers are loosened and drooped; the diameter of the formed wire (103) can be changed by controlling the advancing speed of the advancing rod (11) or changing the diameter of the wire rod (101); the formed wire (103) is measured by the measuring and shearing mechanism (3), the formed wire (103) with the diameter meeting the requirement directly enters the feeding mechanism (4), enters the printing head part (5) under the pushing of the feeding mechanism (4), and the polymer material containing continuous fibers is printed;
and step four, the first-stage heating zone (24), the second-stage heating zone (25) and the third-stage heating zone (26) start to heat, the heating temperature is the melting temperature of the polymer, the pushing rod (11) starts to push the filament forming rod (101) to move downwards after the temperature reaches the designated temperature, the filament forming rod (101) gradually passes through the first-stage heating zone, the second-stage heating zone and the third-stage heating zone in the filament forming cylinder (21), and the bottom end of the filament forming rod (101) is melted into filaments when passing through the third-stage heating zone (26).
3. The integrated printing method of a continuous fiber embedment material of claim 2, wherein: putting the wire forming rod (101) into the wire forming cylinder (21) for clamping and centering, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the wire forming rod (101) is pressed into the wire forming cylinder (21), the wire forming rod is automatically clamped and centered by the pressing block (23) under the action of the elastic force of the spring (22).
4. The integrated printing method of a continuous fiber embedment material of claim 2, wherein: step four, the filamentation rod (101) gradually passes through a first heating zone, a second heating zone and a third heating zone in the filamentation cylinder (21), and the bottom end of the filamentation rod (101) is melted into filamentation when passing through the third heating zone (26), which specifically comprises the following steps: the bottom end of the wire forming rod (101) passes through the first-stage heating zone (24) and the second-stage heating zone (25), the outer surface layer is heated and melted and flows downwards under the action of gravity, the bottom end of the wire forming rod (101) gradually becomes conical, the diameter of the wire forming rod becomes smaller, the polymer is further melted and flows downwards when passing through the third-stage heating zone (26), and the polymer is wrapped on the surface of the continuous fiber (102) and cooled to form a formed wire material (103) after passing through the third-stage heating zone.
5. The integrated printing method of a continuous fiber embedment material of claim 2, wherein: the formed wire (103) is measured by a measuring and shearing mechanism (3), and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the outer diameter measuring instrument (35) of the measuring and shearing mechanism (3) measures the real-time diameter of the formed wire (103), and when the diameter of the formed wire (103) does not meet the requirement, the movable blade (43) is turned off the formed wire (103).
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| CN111531885A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-14 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | 3D printer |
| CN112157907B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-08-26 | 湖北屹安医疗器械有限公司 | Multi-nozzle high-speed 3D printing system |
| CN113147024A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 固纤(苏州)智能科技有限公司 | Spray head device with real-time shearing and feedback pressing functions for printing continuous fibers |
| CN113752545B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-02-28 | 江南大学 | Fuse deposition type 3D printing wire material cross shearing equipment and operation method |
| DE102022118102A1 (en) | 2022-07-20 | 2024-01-25 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Manufacturing system and process for three-dimensional printing |
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