CN110656890A - Deepwater geological drilling casing, casing hoisting system and casing hoisting method - Google Patents
Deepwater geological drilling casing, casing hoisting system and casing hoisting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110656890A CN110656890A CN201910985795.9A CN201910985795A CN110656890A CN 110656890 A CN110656890 A CN 110656890A CN 201910985795 A CN201910985795 A CN 201910985795A CN 110656890 A CN110656890 A CN 110656890A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/01—Risers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/08—Casing joints
- E21B17/085—Riser connections
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/002—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables specially adapted for underwater drilling
Abstract
The invention discloses a deepwater geological drilling casing, a casing hoisting system and a casing hoisting method, wherein the deepwater geological drilling casing comprises a casing main body, the casing main body comprises a plurality of casing sections, and the plurality of casing sections are sequentially stacked and connected from top to bottom; the casing section comprises at least two casing units, and the casing units are distributed in parallel at intervals and connected; the length of the casing body is adapted to the height of the seabed to be drilled from a predetermined position. The deep water geological drilling casing pipe has the advantages of high rigidity and good stability, and is not easy to bend and move at the bottom in the drilling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water area engineering investigation, in particular to a deepwater geological drilling casing, a casing hoisting system and a casing hoisting method.
Background
In recent years, China has gained remarkable results in the aspect of sea engineering construction, and geotechnical engineering investigation is rapidly developed along with engineering construction of marine bridges, tunnels, railways and the like. Taking new Ningbo to Zhoushan railway Western-Western optical latching bridge geotechnical engineering investigation, new Ping Pong Xia great bridge geotechnical engineering investigation, and Jong Zhou's strait crossing sea channel special subject research geological drilling as an example, the difficulty and the challenge of geotechnical engineering investigation are self-evident, and in the face of extremely complicated and severe sea area environments such as wave height surge, large flow velocity, deep water areas (particularly with the depth greater than 80m), exposed sea bed rock surface, large sea bottom topography fluctuation and the like, the conventional geological casing is adopted for drilling sampling, and the following problems can be encountered:
(1) the conventional geological casing has the diameter of 108-270 mm, the flow velocity in deep water sea areas is high, the rigidity of the casing is low, the casing is easy to bend in the lowering process, and the vertical deflection angle is too large.
(2) If the seabed terrain environment is complex and the rock surface is exposed, the conventional geological casing is difficult to be bedded, even if the geological casing is bedded just barely, the sea water depth is too large, the slenderness ratio of the casing is large, bending and even bottom moving are easy to occur in the drilling process, and great risk is brought to drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a deep water geological drilling casing, a casing hoisting system and a casing hoisting method, which have the advantages of high rigidity, good stability and difficult bending and bottom moving in the drilling process.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a deepwater geological drilling casing comprising a casing body comprising a plurality of casing segments stacked and connected in series from top to bottom; the casing section comprises at least two casing units, and the casing units are distributed in parallel at intervals and connected; the length of the casing body is adapted to the height of the seabed to be drilled from a preset position.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the casing units contained in two adjacent casing sections are detachably connected through a connecting piece.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the connecting member includes:
the two flange plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the sleeve unit in the two adjacent sleeve sections;
and the bolts penetrate through the two flange plates, and two ends of the bolts are respectively fixed on the two flange plates.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the casing main body further comprises a threaded casing, and the threaded casing is arranged at the top end of the casing unit contained in the casing section at the topmost end of the casing main body.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the casing main body further includes a claw foot, and the claw foot is provided at the bottom end of the casing unit included in the casing section at the lowermost end of the casing main body.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the casing section comprises three casing units, and the three casing units are surrounded to form a triangular prism.
The invention also provides a system for hoisting the deep water geological drilling casing, which comprises:
the drilling platform is arranged at the preset position and provided with a hoisting hole;
and the lifting appliance is arranged on the drilling platform, positioned above the lifting hole and used for lifting the casing pipe sections.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, the hoist includes:
the hanging bracket is arranged on the drilling platform;
the fixed pulley is fixed on the hanging bracket and is positioned right above the hoisting hole;
a lifting rope having one end wound around the fixed sheave and adapted to be connected to the casing section.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the system further comprises two pull ropes, and one ends of the two pull ropes are respectively connected with two sides of the casing pipe section at the bottommost end of the casing pipe main body and used for adjusting the verticality of the casing pipe main body.
The invention also provides a method for hoisting and placing the deep water geological drilling casing by using the system, which comprises the following steps:
hoisting the casing segment to be hoisted to the upper part of the hoisting hole by using the hoisting tool;
connecting the casing pipe section to be hoisted with the hoisted casing pipe section fixed on the hoisting hole to complete the hoisting of the casing pipe section to be hoisted;
lowering all the lifted casing sections, and fixing the casing section positioned at the topmost end on the hoisting hole;
repeating the above steps until the bottommost casing section of all the hoisted casing sections is placed on the seabed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a deepwater geological drilling casing, which comprises a casing main body, wherein the casing main body is divided into a plurality of casing sections in the length direction, the casing sections are prefabricated in a factory, and are transported to a drilling platform in sections, the casing sections are hoisted and placed in sections and are assembled in a sea area, so that the casing with overlarge length size is prevented from being placed into the deep sea area at one time, and compared with the situation that the whole casing is hoisted and placed at one time, the gravity center of the hoisted casing section in the hoisting and placing process is higher, the influence of large flow velocity of the deep sea area is small, the structure is more stable, and the bending and verticality deviation of the casing section in the hoisting and placing process can be prevented. And the casing sections comprise at least two casing units, and the casing units are distributed and connected in parallel at intervals, so that the weight and the rigidity of each casing section and the weight and the rigidity of a finally formed casing main body are greatly increased, and the casing sections can be kept stable and do not deviate or bend under the condition of encountering the large flow velocity in a deep sea area, and a drilling rod can be ensured to smoothly drill a seabed to be drilled through the casing main body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a deep water earth boring casing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for hoisting deep water geological drilling casing in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-casing body, 10-casing segment, 100-casing unit, 11-threaded casing, 12-claw foot, 13-pull rope, 2-seabed, 3-preset position, 4-connecting piece, 40-flange plate, 41-bolt, 5-drilling platform, 50-hoisting hole, 6-hoisting tool, 60-hoisting frame, 61-fixed pulley and 62-hoisting rope.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a deepwater geological drilling casing, which comprises a casing main body 1, wherein the length of the casing main body 1 is matched with the height of a seabed 2 to be drilled from a preset position 3, the preset position 3 refers to the height of a drilling platform 5 for drilling construction from the seabed 2 to be drilled, the height of the seabed 2 to be drilled from the drilling platform 5 is detected firstly, the length of the casing main body 1 is designed according to the measured height, the casing main body 1 is divided into a plurality of casing sections 10 in the length direction and is prefabricated in a factory, the casing sections 10 are transported to the drilling platform 5 in a subsection mode, the casing sections 10 are hoisted and placed in a sea area for assembly, the casing with the overlarge length and size is prevented from being placed into the deepwater area at one time, the plurality of casing sections 10 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom in the hoisting process and connected to form the casing main body 1 finally, compared with the one-time hoisting of the whole casing, the hoisting device has the advantages that the center of gravity of the hoisted casing section 10 in the hoisting process is higher, the influence of large flow velocity in the deep sea area is small, the structure is more stable, and the bending and verticality deviation of the casing section 10 in the hoisting process can be prevented. And the casing section 10 comprises at least two casing units 100, and the casing units 100 are distributed and connected in parallel at intervals, so that the weight and rigidity of each casing section 10 and the weight and rigidity of the finally formed casing body 1 are greatly increased, and under the condition of encountering large flow velocity in a deep sea area, the casing section can be kept stable without deflection and bending, and a drilling rod can be ensured to smoothly drill a hole on a seabed 2 to be drilled through the casing body 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the casing units 100 contained in two adjacent casing sections 10 are detachably connected by the connectors 4, so that the length of the casing body 1 can be conveniently controlled by adjusting the number of the casing sections 10 connected with each other to adapt to drilling sea areas with different depths, the number of the casing sections 10 can be selected according to actual drilling conditions, and after drilling is finished, the casing sections 10 can be detached section by section and recycled again.
Preferably, the connecting member 4 includes two flanges 40, and the diameter of the flange 40 is about 5cm larger than the outer diameter of the bushing unit 100, and 6 to 8 connecting holes are formed in the flange and evenly distributed. The two flange plates 40 are respectively arranged at two ends of the casing unit 100 in the two adjacent casing sections 10; the bolts 41 penetrate through the connecting holes of the two flanges 40, and the two ends of each bolt are fixed on the two flanges 40, so as to fix the casing units 100 in the two adjacent casing sections 10 together, thereby realizing the detachable connection of the two adjacent casing sections 10.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the casing body 1 further comprises a threaded casing 11, the threaded casing 11 being provided at the top end of the casing unit 100 comprised by the topmost casing section 10 of the casing body 1. When all casing sections 10 are lowered, the casing section 10 at the lowermost end is also placed on the seabed 2 to be drilled, but the casing section 10 at the uppermost end is still below the drilling platform 5, at which point a conventional casing may be screwed together with the threaded casing 11 on the casing section 10 at the uppermost end of the casing body 1, lengthening the casing body 1, and fixing the casing body 1 to the drilling platform 5.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the casing body 1 further comprises a claw foot 12, and the claw foot 12 is provided at the bottom end of the casing unit 100 included in the casing section 10 at the lowermost end of the casing body 1. The claw legs 12 are formed by welding a plurality of flexible steel bars along the outer circumferential direction of the sleeve unit 100, and the soil facing ends of the flexible steel bars are bamboo-cut sharp sections, so that the flexible steel bars can conveniently land on the seabed 2, and the stability of the sleeve main body 1 is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1, the casing segment 10 preferably includes three casing units 100, and the three casing units 100 are enclosed to form a triangular prism. The three casing units 100 are connected by transverse stiffening steel pipes.
The inner diameters of the three casing units 100 of the casing section 10 at the topmost end of the casing main body 1 can be 108mm, 127mm, 180mm, 270mm and the like, and the three casing units 100 are manufactured according to actual needs, but the inner diameters of the three casing units 100 are preferably consistent, isosceles triangles are formed on the planes of the three casing units 100, the side length of each isosceles triangle is less than or equal to 1.0m, and the length of each casing unit 100 is about 0.5-1.0 m. The diameter of the transverse stiffening steel pipe is about 100mm, and the transverse stiffening steel pipe and the casing unit 100 are welded into a whole, but the transverse stiffening steel pipe cannot invade the inner diameter of the casing unit 100 and block a drill rod from passing through.
The inner diameters of three casing units 100 of the casing sections 10 located in the middle of the casing body 1 can be 108mm, 127mm, 180mm, 270mm and the like, and the three casing units 100 are manufactured according to actual needs, but the inner diameters of the three casing units 100 are preferably consistent and matched with the inner diameters of the three casing units 100 of the casing sections 10 located at the topmost end of the casing body 1, an isosceles triangle is formed on the plane of the three casing units 100, the side length of the isosceles triangle is less than or equal to 1.0m, the length of each casing unit 100 can be selected according to actual needs, the length of each casing unit is convenient to transport and stack, generally ranges from 3m to 5m, the diameter of each transverse stiffening steel pipe is about 100mm, the transverse stiffening steel pipes are welded with the casing. The distribution mode of the stiffening steel pipes is as follows: three stiffening steel pipes are welded every 1.0m along the length direction of the casing unit 100, the three stiffening steel pipes form an isosceles triangle, and in a horizontal plane, in order to increase the rigidity, an oblique stiffening steel pipe can be additionally welded between the planes of the isosceles triangle.
The inner diameters of the three casing units 100 of the casing section 10 at the bottommost end of the casing main body 1 can be 108mm, 127mm, 180mm, 270mm and the like, and the three casing units 100 are manufactured according to actual needs, but the inner diameters of the three casing units 100 are preferably consistent and matched with the inner diameters of the three casing units 100 of the casing section 10 in the middle of the casing main body 1, an isosceles triangle is formed on the plane of each of the three casing units 100, the side length of the isosceles triangle is less than or equal to 1.0m, the length of each casing unit 100 can be selected according to actual needs, generally about 5m, the diameter of a transverse stiffening steel pipe is about 100mm, the transverse stiffening steel pipe is welded with the steel pipe into. The distribution mode of the stiffening steel pipes is as follows: three stiffening steel pipes are welded every 1.0m along the length direction of the casing unit 100, the three stiffening steel pipes form an isosceles triangle, and in a horizontal plane, in order to increase the rigidity, an oblique stiffening steel pipe can be additionally welded between the planes of the isosceles triangle. About 2-3 m of unwelded stiffening steel pipes are reserved at the bottom of the casing unit 100.
And the water depth is more than or equal to 80m, the tidal velocity is more than or equal to 3.0m/s, and the seabed is in the environment with stroke rocks; and in the environment that the gale of more than 6 grades exceeds 300 days, the gale of more than 7 grades exceeds 200 days and the maximum wave height is about 9.69 meters every year; and the average width of the water channel is 29.5 kilometers, the narrowest part is 19.4 kilometers, the water depth is 40-160 meters, the average water depth is 44 meters, and the sleeve in the embodiment of the invention is used in the environment with high water depth, high wind, high wave height, rapid flow, complex geological structure and higher seismic intensity, thereby obtaining good economic and engineering effects.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for hoisting the deep water geological drilling casing, which includes a drilling platform 5 and a hanger 6, wherein the drilling platform 5 is used for construction by workers, a hoisting hole 50 is formed in the drilling platform 5, the drilling platform 5 is arranged at a preset position 3, the preset position 3 is a position for marking the drilling platform 5 in advance, the height from the seabed 2 to the sea surface of a sea area to be drilled is firstly detected, the height from the seabed 2 to the drilling platform 5 is predetermined by combining the height from the sea surface of the drilling platform 5 to be erected on the sea surface, the obtained position of the drilling platform 5 is marked as the preset position 3, the drilling platform 5 is constructed at the preset position 3 in the later stage, so that the length of the casing main body 1 is matched with the height from the seabed 2 to be drilled to the drilling platform 5, the hanger 6 lifts the casing segment 10 into the hoisting hole 50, and until the casing section 10 at the lowermost end is placed on the seabed 2 to be drilled. Full lowering of all casing sections 10 is achieved.
Referring to fig. 3, the hanger 6 includes a hanger 60 disposed on the drilling platform 5, and a fixed pulley 61 and a lifting rope 62 fixed on the hanger 60, wherein the fixed pulley 61 is located right above the lifting hole 50; the hoisting rope 62 is passed at one end over the fixed pulley 61 and is used for connection to the casing section 10. The constructor pulls the lifting rope 62 at the other end of the lifting rope 62 to lift the casing segment 10, and lifts the casing segment 10 to the position right above the lifting hole 50, and the casing segment 10 can be vertically lowered into the lifting hole 50 right opposite to the lifting hole 50. Therefore, the lifting appliance 6 of the embodiment of the invention can easily lift the casing sections 10 with larger weight and can ensure the downward verticality of the casing sections 10.
Furthermore, the system further comprises two pull ropes 13, and one ends of the two pull ropes 13 are respectively connected with two sides of the casing segment 10 at the bottommost end of the casing main body 1 and used for adjusting the verticality of the casing main body 1. When the flow velocity in the deep sea area increases, constructors can adjust the pulling force of the two pull ropes 13 according to the flow velocity and the direction to pull the sleeve main body 1, so that the deviation of the bottom of the sleeve main body 1 is prevented, and the verticality of the sleeve main body 1 is ensured.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for hoisting and placing the deep-water geological drilling casing by using the system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: hoisting the casing segment 10 to be hoisted at the bottommost end to the upper part of the hoisting hole 50 by using the hoisting tool 6, and fixing the top end of the casing segment 10 to be hoisted at the hoisting hole 50 to finish the hoisting of the casing segment 10;
s2: hoisting the casing segment 10 to be hoisted to the upper part of the hoisting hole 50 by using the hoisting tool 6;
s4: connecting the bottom end of the casing segment 10 to be hoisted with the top end of the hoisted casing segment 10 fixed on the hoisting hole 50 to complete the hoisting of the casing segment 10 to be hoisted;
s5: lowering all the hoisted casing sections 10 and fixing the top ends of the topmost casing sections 10 to the hoisting holes 50;
the steps S2-S5 are repeated until the bottommost casing section 10 of all hoisted casing sections 10 is placed on the seabed 2 to be drilled.
After all casing sections 10 have been hoisted, one of the casing units 100 is selected and a drill string is lowered into the casing unit 100, which drills the seabed 2.
After drilling is completed, the casing unit 100 at the topmost end of the casing body 1 is lifted up to the lifting hole 50 by the lifting rope 62, the flange 40 between the casing unit 100 and the casing unit 100 adjacent to the casing unit 100 is released, the casing unit 100 is removed, and so on, all the casing units 100 are removed for the next use.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (10)
1. A deep water geological drilling casing, characterized in that it comprises a casing body (1), said casing body (1) comprising a plurality of casing sections (10), said casing sections (10) being stacked and connected in sequence from top to bottom; the casing section (10) comprises at least two casing units (100), and the casing units (100) are distributed in parallel at intervals and connected; the length of the casing body (1) is adapted to the height of the seabed (2) to be drilled from a predetermined position (3).
2. A deep water geological drilling casing according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing units (100) comprised by two adjacent casing sections (10) are detachably connected by means of a connection (4).
3. Deep water geological drilling casing according to claim 2, characterized in that said connection (4) comprises:
the two flange plates (40) are respectively arranged at two ends of the sleeve unit (100) in the two adjacent sleeve sections (10);
and the bolts (41) penetrate through the two flange plates (40), and two ends of each bolt are respectively fixed on the two flange plates (40).
4. A deep water geological drilling casing according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing body (1) further comprises a threaded casing (11), the threaded casing (11) being provided at the top end of a casing unit (100) comprised in the topmost casing section (10) of the casing body (1).
5. A deep water geological drilling casing according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing body (1) further comprises a claw foot (12), which claw foot (12) is provided at the bottom end of the casing unit (100) comprised in the casing section (10) at the lowermost end of the casing body (1).
6. A deep water geological drilling casing according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing section (10) comprises three casing units (100), the three casing units (100) enclosing a triangular prism shape.
7. A system for hoisting deep water geological drilling casing according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:
the drilling platform (5) is arranged at the preset position (3), and hoisting holes (50) are formed in the drilling platform (5);
and the lifting appliance (6) is arranged on the drilling platform (5) and positioned above the lifting hole (50) and used for lifting the casing pipe section (10).
8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the spreader (6) comprises:
a hanger (60) provided on the drilling platform (5);
a fixed pulley (61) fixed to the hanger (60), the fixed pulley (61) being positioned directly above the hoisting hole (50);
a lifting rope (62) having one end passed around the fixed pulley (61) and used for connecting with the casing segment (10).
9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises two pull cords (13), one end of each of said pull cords (13) being connected to both sides of the lowermost casing section (10) of said casing body (1) and being adapted to adjust the perpendicularity of said casing body (1).
10. A method of hoisting deep water geological drilling casing using the system of claim 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
hoisting a casing segment (10) to be hoisted over the hoisting hole (50) using the hoist (6);
connecting the casing segment (10) to be hoisted with the hoisted casing segment (10) fixed on the hoisting hole (50) to complete the hoisting of the casing segment (10) to be hoisted;
lowering all the hoisted casing segments (10) and fixing the casing segment (10) positioned at the topmost end on the hoisting hole (50);
repeating the above steps until the bottommost casing segment (10) of all the hoisted casing segments (10) is placed on the seabed (2).
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| CN201910985795.9A CN110656890B (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Deepwater geological drilling casing, casing hoisting system and casing hoisting method |
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| CN113719245A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-30 | 中石化四机石油机械有限公司 | Device and method for oil-gas well casing abandoning operation |
| CN116696252A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-05 | 浙江华东岩土勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Hole protection casing frame lifting system for offshore exploration operation |
| CN117514034A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 西安金百万石油科技有限公司 | Casing pipe lowering device |
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| CN113719245A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-30 | 中石化四机石油机械有限公司 | Device and method for oil-gas well casing abandoning operation |
| CN116696252A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-05 | 浙江华东岩土勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Hole protection casing frame lifting system for offshore exploration operation |
| CN116696252B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江华东岩土勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Hole protection casing frame lifting system for offshore exploration operation |
| CN117514034A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 西安金百万石油科技有限公司 | Casing pipe lowering device |
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