CN110653434B

CN110653434B - Special tool for machining sliding groove of reamer shell and machining method of sliding groove

Info

Publication number: CN110653434B
Application number: CN201910922696.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 闫静; 吴小雄; 游娜; 刘晓旭; 董毅军; 左永强
Original assignee: Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-27
Filing date: 2019-09-27
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-27
Also published as: CN110653434A

Abstract

The invention discloses a special tool for machining a sliding groove of a shell of a reamer, which comprises a sliding groove electrode body, sliding groove male dies are arranged on two sides of the sliding groove electrode body, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the sliding groove electrode body, the sliding groove male dies and the fixing plate are integrally formed, a plurality of through holes a are formed in the side surface of the fixing plate, a cutter bar connecting piece is installed on the fixing plate, and a cutter bar is fixedly connected to the cutter bar connecting piece. The special tool and the method for processing the shell sliding groove by using the special tool solve the problems that the length of the shell of the reamer is long, the diameter of the shell of the reamer is large, a special fixture is required to fix the shell with the inclined groove, and the cutter bar and the shell are subjected to processing interference during the sliding groove processing.

Description

Special tool for machining sliding groove of reamer shell and machining method of sliding groove

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the machining technology of rock breaking tools for petroleum and natural gas and geological drilling engineering, and particularly relates to a special tool for machining a sliding groove of a shell of a reamer, and a machining method for machining the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer.

Background

During drilling, the blades of the reamer extend out along the sliding groove of the shell, so that the cutting teeth on the blades contact and scrape and cut and break rock on the well wall, and the diameter of the well body is enlarged.

The slot of the reamer housing is a keyway having an oblique angle in the wall of the housing. The sliding groove provides a sliding track for the extension or retraction of the blade. The shell is long in length, large in diameter and provided with the chute, when the shell is placed on a working table, a special and complex tool clamp is needed for fixing, the chute is complex in machining process, interference phenomenon is easy to occur between the cutter bar and the shell, the chute is difficult to machine by adopting a conventional mechanical method, machining cost is high, and quality is unstable.

The electric spark processing method is a special processing method for removing materials by utilizing the electrochemical corrosion effect generated during pulse discharge between two electrodes immersed in working fluid, and is an innovation of the processing technology of a rock breaking tool in drilling engineering.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a special tool for machining a sliding groove of a reamer shell, and solves the problem that a cutter bar is easy to interfere with the reamer shell when a mechanical method is used for machining the sliding groove of the reamer.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of machining a reamer housing slide slot.

The invention adopts a first technical scheme that the special tool for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer comprises a sliding groove electrode body, sliding groove male dies are arranged on two sides of the sliding groove electrode body, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the sliding groove electrode body, the sliding groove male dies and the fixing plate are integrally formed, a plurality of through holes a are formed in the side surface of the fixing plate, a cutter bar connecting piece is arranged on the fixing plate, and a cutter bar is fixedly connected to the cutter bar connecting piece.

The first technical solution of the present invention is also characterized in that,

a plurality of through-holes a all are perpendicular with the fixed plate side, and a plurality of through-holes a are arranged along the length direction of spout electrode body.

The cutter bar connecting piece is provided with a groove, the inner walls of the two sides of the groove are provided with a pair of coaxial through holes b, and the fixing plate is clamped in the groove.

The number of the sliding groove male dies is M, and the value range of M is as follows: m is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8.

The cross section of each sliding chute male die is trapezoidal.

The sliding groove male dies are arranged in parallel and are equal in distance.

The included angle between the straight line of the edge of the sliding groove male die and the bottom surface of the sliding groove electrode body is theta, and the angle range of the theta is as follows: theta is more than or equal to 1 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees.

The second technical scheme of the invention is that the processing method for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1, fixing a reamer shell and simultaneously installing a special tool for machining a sliding groove of the reamer shell;

step 2, setting a tool, starting working fluid and pulse current, moving the workbench along the X, Y, Z direction of the workbench, adjusting the position relation of a special tool for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer and the shell wall to enable the special tool and the shell wall to reach a working gap, then switching on a power supply, and under the action of pulse voltage, starting processing the sliding groove of the shell wall on one side of a working window by the special tool for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer;

step 3, copying the contour shape of the sliding groove male die 2 to the shell wall finally, and feeding the sliding groove of the shell wall on the other side of the machining working window in the Y direction;

step 4, checking, namely placing the blades into the working windows, and if the blades can slide without resistance, rotating the shell of the reamer to process the sliding grooves of the shell walls of the other two working windows; otherwise, repeating the step 2 to the step 3 until the blade is placed in the working window and can slide freely to be qualified.

The second technical solution of the present invention is also characterized in that,

the step 1 is implemented according to the following steps:

horizontally placing the reamer shell on a workbench, fixing one end of the reamer shell on a chuck with indexing, fixing the other end of the reamer shell on an ejector pin, and enabling a working window to be upward and a shell wall to be vertical to a table surface of the workbench; the cutter bar of the special tool for machining the sliding groove of the reamer shell is fixed on a main shaft of electric spark equipment, and the central axis of the cutter bar is ensured to be parallel to the shell wall.

In the step 2, the working clearance between the sliding groove male die and the wall of the shell to be processed is 0.01 mm-0.05 mm.

In a first technical scheme of the invention, the special tool for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer has the beneficial effects that: the electric spark machining is carried out by using the copper bush, so that the difficult problems that the shell is long in length and large in diameter and a special clamp is required for fixing due to the fact that the inclined groove is formed in the shell are effectively solved, the problem of machining interference between the cutter bar and the shell during the machining of the sliding groove is solved, and the machining quality and the machining efficiency are improved; the special tool sliding groove electrode can be repeatedly used, and the processing cost of the shell sliding groove can be effectively reduced.

In the second technical scheme, the method for machining the sliding groove of the reamer shell has the advantages that the sliding groove of the reamer shell is machined by a special tool for machining the sliding groove of the reamer shell according to the principle of electric spark machining, so that the problem that the reamer shell is difficult to clamp by traditional machining is solved, and meanwhile, the problem that a cutter bar is interfered with the shell when the sliding groove of the reamer shell is machined is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single-slot punch of a specialized tool for processing a reamer housing slot of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a multi-slot punch of a specialized tool for processing a reamer housing slot of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a specialized tool for machining a reamer housing slot of the present invention during machining of the reamer housing slot;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a specialized tool for machining a reamer housing slot of the present invention as it is being machined.

In the figure, 1, a chute electrode body, 2, a chute male die, 3, a fixing plate, 4, through holes a, 5, a cutter rod, 6, a cutter rod connecting piece, 7, through holes b, 8, a working window, 9, a shell wall, 10, a chute, 11, a working table, 12, an ejector pin, 13, a clamping head with indexing, 14 and a reamer shell.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention relates to a special tool for processing a sliding groove of a shell of a reamer, which comprises a sliding groove electrode body 1, sliding groove male dies 2 are arranged on two sides of the sliding groove electrode body 1, the number of the sliding groove male dies 2 is M, and the value range of M is as follows: m is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8, the sliding chute convex dies 2 are arranged in parallel and are equally spaced, and the cross section of each sliding chute convex die 2 is trapezoidal; the included angle theta between the straight line of the edge of the sliding groove male die 2 and the bottom surface of the sliding groove electrode body 1 is as follows: theta is more than or equal to 1 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees; fixed plate 3 is connected to 1 upper portion rigid coupling of spout electrode body, spout electrode body 1, spout terrace die 2 and fixed plate 3 integrated into one piece, and open 3 sides of fixed plate has a plurality of through-hole a4, and a plurality of through-hole a4 are all perpendicular with fixed plate 3 sides, and a plurality of through-hole a4 are arranged along 1 length direction of spout electrode body, and fixed plate 3 installs cutter arbor connecting piece 6, and cutter arbor connecting piece 6 is opened flutedly, and open on the recess both sides inner wall has a pair of coaxial through-hole b7, fixed plate 3 card in the recess, fixed plate 3 passes through bolted connection with connecting rod 6, and the bolt passes through-hole a4 and the through-hole b 7.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the reamer includes a housing 14, three working windows 8 are provided in the housing 14, a slide slot 10 having a certain oblique angle θ is provided on the two housing walls 9 of each working window 8, and blades of the reamer can be slidably extended or retracted on the slide slot 10. The shell 14 is horizontally clamped on the workbench 11 and fixed by the clamping head 13 with indexing and the thimble 12, the shell wall 9 of the working window 8 is provided with a chute 10 to be processed, the chute punch 2 and the chute 10 are in concave-convex corresponding position relation for processing the chute 10, the through hole b7 on the cutter bar connecting piece 6 is connected with the through hole a4 on the fixed plate 3 through a bolt, and the cutter bar 5 and the cutter bar connecting piece 6 are used for clamping and fixing the special tool.

The invention relates to a processing method for processing a sliding groove of a shell of a reamer, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, fixing the reamer shell 14 while installing the above-mentioned specialized tool for processing the reamer shell chute specifically is: horizontally placing a reamer shell 14 on a workbench 11, fixing one end of the reamer shell 14 on a chuck 13 with indexing, fixing the other end of the reamer shell 14 on an ejector pin 12, and enabling a working window 8 to face upwards and a shell wall 9 to be vertical to the table surface of the workbench 11; fixing a cutter bar 5 of the special tool for machining the sliding groove of the reamer shell on a main shaft of electric spark equipment, and ensuring that the central axis of the cutter bar 5 is parallel to a shell wall 9;

step 2, cutting a tool, starting working fluid and pulse current, moving the workbench along the X, Y, Z direction of the workbench 11, adjusting the position relation of the special tool for processing the sliding chute of the shell of the reamer and the shell wall 9 to enable the special tool and the shell wall to reach a working gap, wherein the working gap is 0.01-0.05 mm, then switching on a power supply, and under the action of pulse voltage, starting to process the sliding chute of the shell wall 9 on one side of the working window 8 by the special tool for processing the sliding chute of the shell of the reamer;

step 3, copying the contour shape of the slide groove male die 2 to the shell wall 9 finally, and feeding the slide groove of the shell wall 9 on the other side of the machining working window 8 in the Y direction;

step 4, checking, namely placing the blades into the working windows 8, and if the blades can slide without resistance, rotating the shell of the reamer to process the sliding grooves of the shell walls 9 of the other two working windows 8; otherwise, repeating the step 2 to the step 3 until the blade is placed in the working window 8 and can slide freely to be qualified.

The working principle of the processing method for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer is that when an electric spark device is used for processing the sliding groove 10, a pulse power supply is respectively applied to the special tool for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer and the workpiece shell 14 through the cutter bar 5 and the working table top 11, and a gap between the sliding groove male die 2 and the sliding groove 10 to be processed, which are soaked in working liquid, forms an electric field. Under the control of the automatic discharging gap adjusting device, a special tool for machining the sliding chute of the shell of the reamer is moved along the Y-axis direction of the workbench 11, so that the moving distance of the sliding chute male die 2 to the surface of the shell wall 9 is indirectly reduced, an instantaneous discharging channel is formed under the action of pulse voltage, an instantaneous high temperature is generated, the surface of the shell wall 9 at a discharging position is locally melted and even gasified, and a local electric corrosion pit is formed. After a number of pulse discharges, the galvanic action removes excess material from the surface of the housing wall 9, and the contour of the runner punch 2 is finally reproduced on the surface of the housing wall 9, forming the runner 10.

The special tool for processing the sliding groove of the reamer shell can be popularized and applied to a cylindrical shell or a thin-wall inclined sliding groove which is difficult to process by a conventional machining method, and other parts such as a steel body type PDC drill bit tooth cavity and a PDC-cone composite drill bit tooth cavity.

Claims

1. The special tool for machining the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer is characterized by comprising a sliding groove electrode body (1), sliding groove male dies (2) are arranged on two sides of the sliding groove electrode body (1), a fixing plate (3) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the sliding groove electrode body (1), the sliding groove male dies (2) and the fixing plate (3) are integrally formed, a through hole a (4) is formed in the side face of the fixing plate (3), a cutter bar connecting piece (6) is installed on the fixing plate (3), a cutter bar (5) is fixedly connected to the cutter bar connecting piece (6), a groove is formed in the cutter bar connecting piece (6), a pair of coaxial through holes b (7) are formed in the inner wall of two sides of the groove, the fixing plate (3) is clamped in the groove, the straight line where the edge of the sliding groove male die (2) is located and, the angle range of theta is as follows: theta is more than or equal to 1 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees, the number of the sliding groove male dies (2) is M, and the value range of M is as follows: m is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8.

2. The special tool for machining the sliding chute of the shell of the reamer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the through holes a (4) is multiple, the through holes a (4) are all perpendicular to the side surface of the fixing plate (3), and the through holes a (4) are arranged along the length direction of the sliding chute electrode body (1).

3. A special tool for machining a reamer housing chute as in claim 1 wherein each of said chute punches (2) is trapezoidal in cross-section.

4. A special tool for working a reamer housing chute according to claim 1 wherein a plurality of the chute punches (2) are arranged in parallel and equally spaced.

5. A processing method for processing a sliding groove of a reamer shell is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, horizontally placing a reamer shell (14) on a workbench (11), fixing one end of the reamer shell (14) on a chuck (13) with graduation, fixing the other end of the reamer shell (14) on an ejector pin (12), and enabling a working window (8) to face upwards and a shell wall (9) to be vertical to a table surface of the workbench (11); fixing a tool bar (5) of a special tool for machining a sliding groove of a reamer shell as claimed in claim 1 or 4 on a main shaft of an electric discharge machine, and ensuring that the central axis of the tool bar (5) is parallel to a shell wall (9);

step 2, setting a tool and starting working fluid and pulse current, moving the workbench along the X, Y, Z direction of the workbench (11), adjusting the position relation of the special tool for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer and the shell wall (9) to enable the special tool and the shell wall to reach a working gap, then switching on a power supply, and under the action of pulse voltage, starting processing the sliding groove of the shell wall (9) on one side of a working window (8) by the special tool for processing the sliding groove of the shell of the reamer;

step 3, copying the contour shape of the sliding groove male die (2) to the shell wall (9) finally, and changing the Y direction to feed and process the sliding groove of the shell wall (9) on the other side of the working window (8);

step 4, checking, namely placing the blades into the working windows (8), and if the blades can slide without resistance, rotating the shell of the reamer to process the chutes of the shell walls (9) of the other two working windows (8); otherwise, repeating the step 2 to the step 3 until the blade is placed in the working window (8) and can slide freely to be qualified.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step 2 provides a working clearance between the ram (2) and the wall (9) of the casing to be machined of between 0.01mm and 0.05 mm.