CN1106523A - 空调器的控制设备和控制方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一套空调器控制设备,它有两个电源和一台
可变工作频率的压缩机,不管交流市电发生电源故
障,该设备都能使压缩机无任何负载过度地继续工
作。如果电源故障时间比预定参考时间短,则仍以第
一直流电源来驱动压缩机。如果电源故障时间比预
定参考时间长,则再根据第二直流电源输出电压与参
考电压比较的结果,改用第二直流电源来驱动压缩机
或者使压缩机停止工作一段时间后重新用第一直流
电源来驱动它。
Description
本发明涉及采用两个电源的空调器的控制设备和控制方法,特别涉及不管交流市电发生瞬时电源故障仍能使空调器无任何负载过度地继续工作的空调器的控制设备和控制方法。
近来,为节约能源,除交流市电外,采用以太阳热量作为能源的附加独立电源的各种电气用具已被开发出来。作为一个范例,日本公开特许公报(Japanese patent laid-open publication)No.198648(1992.9.20)完全公开了一种采用两个电源的空调器。被公开的空调器把从太阳能电池获得的直流电力加至另一个由交流市电变换而来的直流电力,把相加的直流电力变换为可变频率的交流电力,然后再用变换得的交流电力来驱动压缩机的电动机。
此时,可以防止由于过电流而造成压缩机电动机的可能的破坏,做法是适当地改变变换得的交流电力的频率,使得由各个电源流出的电流不超过一预定的参考值。
另一方面,交流市电会经常发生不规则性,例如瞬时的电源中断或电压下跌。电源的这种不规则性通常在一很短的时间(例如几十毫秒)内恢复。
这里,一旦交流市电发生某些不规则性时,压缩机电动机就停转,而当交流市电的不规则性消除时,该电动机处于重新启动状态。
此时,为重新启动压缩机电动机,需要较大的转矩,即较大的电流,这是由于电动机在停转前的工作使得压缩机的入口和出口之间的压力差增大的缘故。结果,由于大电流而使压缩机的使用寿命缩短。
为保护压缩机,通常的空调器延迟压缩机电动机的重新启动动作,直至压缩机入口与出口的压力差消失。这样的延迟时间通常长达三分钟,因而会使用者感到很讨厌。
本发明的一个目的是为用两个电源工作并且其压缩机的工作频率可变的空调器提供一套控制设备和控制方法,使得不管交流市电发生瞬时电源故障,压缩机仍能无任何负载过度地继续工作。
本发明的另一个目的是为用两个电源工作并且其压缩机的工作频率可变的空调器提供一套控制设备和控制方法,以不管交流市电发生瞬时电源故障,压缩机仍继续工作的做法来为使用者提供一个令人愉快的环境。
为达到这些目的,空调器的控制设备包括构成致冷循环一部分的压缩机;藉对交流市电整流并滤波的第一直流电力产生装置;第二直流电力产生装置;把所述第一或第二直流电力转变为可变频率的交流电力并以变换后的交流电力使压缩机工作的逆变装置;检测交流市电发生电源故障的装置;检测第二直流电力的输出电压的装置;以及虽然交流市电发生电源故障,但第二直流电力的电压的大小高于预定的参考电压,仍然把第二直流电力接至逆变装置以继续驱动压缩机的控制装置。
在上述控制设备中,第二直流电力产生装置包括太阳能电池组件;把来自太阳能电池组件的直流电压升高/降低至适合空调器工作的直流电压的直流一直流变换器;以及根据来自控制装置的信号,把电压已升高/降低的直流电力与逆变装置接通或断开的开关装置。
另一方面,按照本发明的控制方法适用于把通过对交流市电整流并滤波而得到的第一直流电力或第二直流电力转变为可变频率的交流电力,并以变换后的交流电力驱动压缩机的空调器。
控制方法包括如下的步骤:(a)如果交流市电发生了电源故障,测定第一直流电力的输出电压(V1)是否高于能以最低频率(Fmin)驱动压缩机的第一参考电压(Vs1);(b)如果在步骤(1)中,输出电压(V1)低于第一参考电压(Vs1),测定第二直流电力的输出电压(V2)是否高于第一参考电压(Vs1);(c)如果在步骤(b)中,输出电压(V2)高于第一参考电压(Vs1),即以最低频率(Fmin)来驱动压缩机;以及(d)在经过一段第一延迟时间(t1)后,再以设定频率(Fset)来驱动压缩机。
在步骤(d)中,为防止压缩机负载过度而给出第一延迟时间(t1),当压缩机的工作频率由最小值快速变至设定值时会发生这种负载过度的情形。
此外,如果在步骤(a)中电压(V1)高于第一参考电压(Vs1),换句话说,交流市电发生了比预定时间短的瞬时电源故障,在完成步骤(a)后直接完成步骤(c),用第一直流电源来驱动压缩机要比用第二直流电力更平稳。
此外,如果第一输出电压和第二输出电压(V1和V2)都低于第一参考电压(Vs1),就让压缩机在一段第二延迟时间(t2)内停止工作。如果经过了第二延迟时间(t2)后,压缩机可以正常工作,就以设定工作频率(Fset)来驱动压缩机。这中间,为防止压缩机负载过度而给出第二延迟时间(t2),当压缩机的工作频率由零快速地变至设定值时,会发生这种负载过度情形。因此,第二延迟时间(t2)必须大于第一延迟时间(t1)。
通过下面结合附图的描述,可以更加明白本发明,这里:
图1是表示按照本发明的较佳实施例的空调器控制装置的方框图;以及
图2(A)和(B)是解释按照本发明的较佳实施例的空调器控制方法的流程图。
为了对本发明连同它的其他目的、优点和功能有更好的了解,可以结合上述附图参阅下面公开的内容和所附的权利要求书。
参看图1,空调器控制设备包括:构成致冷循环一部分的压缩机21;通过对交流市电整流并滤波产生用来驱动压缩机21的第一直流电力的第一直流电力产生部分10;用于产生第二直流电力来驱动压缩机21的第二直流电力产生部分60;控制空调器全部工作的微处理器50;把第一或第二直流电力转变为可变频率的交流电力并以变换后的交流电力来驱动压缩机21的逆变器电路20;检测交流市电1发生电源故障用的电源故障检测部分30;以及用于检测第二直流电源的输出电压V2并将它送至微处理器50的电压检测部分70。
在上述控制设备中,压缩机21最好配备通常的三相感应电动机。
第一直流电力产生部分10可以包括用以对交流市电1的输出电压进行全波整流的二极管桥堆(图中未示出)以及滤波电容(图中未示出)。
第二直流电力产生部分60可以包括具有许多太阳能电池的太阳能电池板62;把来自太阳能电池板62的直流电压升高/降低至压缩机21工作所需的直流电压的直流一直流变换器63;以及根据来自微处理器50的信号把电压已升高/降低的直流电力与逆变器电路20接通或断开的开关SW1。
逆变器电路20可以包括三对电力开关元件(图中未示出),把它们与压缩机电动机21各自的相绕组相接。
例如,在电源故障检测部分30可以配备这样一个装置,它在交流市电1的每个零交叉时刻产生一脉冲信号。
微处理器50可以根据电源故障检测部分30在每个预定的时间间隔是否产生脉冲信号来确定交流市电量否发生电源故障。
电压检测部分70按一预定的比率把来自直流/直流变换器63的输出电压V2降低,然后将电压信号送至微处理器50。
如在下文所描述的,为使空调器稳定地工作,本发明的控制设备可以进一步包括一附加的电压检测部分40,用来检测第一直流电源的输出电压V1并把它送至微处理器50。电压检测部分40以预定的比率降低输出电压V1,再把它送至微处理器50。
下面,连同本发明的控制方法一起,对于按照本发明的控制设备的工作加以详细解释。
图2(A)和(B)是解释按照本发明的较佳实施例的空调器控制方法的流程图。
在步骤S100中,确定使用者否选择了任何操作钥匙,如果使用者在步骤S100中选择了某个操作钥匙,程序进至步骤S102,空调器启动。
在步骤104中,微处理器50根据来自电源故障检测部分30的脉冲信号来确定交流市电1是否发生电源故障。如果交流市电1没有发生电源故障,程序进至步骤S124,在该步骤中,以与所选择的工作强度相应频率Fset来驱动压缩机21。
然而,如果交流市电1发生了电源故障,程序就进至步骤S106,在此步骤中,微处理器50对包含在其中的计时器T1和T2(图中未示出)清零。计时器T1和T2用来测定如下文要解释的第一和第二延迟时间是否结束。
在步骤S108和S110中,测定由电压检测部分40检测得的第一直流电力的输出电压V1是否低于第一参考电压Vs1,这里第一参考电压Vs1是以最低频率Fmin驱动压缩机21所需的最低电压。
例如,在出现瞬时电源故障的场合中,交流市电1发生了一次时间间隔比交流市电一个周期短的电源中断,但通过事前延长第一直流电力产生部分10的滤波电容的放电时间,仍可继续驱动压缩机21。结果,在步骤S110中确定在交流市电1中是否发生了短于预定时间间隔的电源故障。如果在步骤S110中输出电压V1高于第一参考电压Vs1,则程序进至步骤S118,在该步骤中,当压缩机21以最低频率Fmin开始运转时,微处理器50即对工作时间T1进行计时。
在步骤S120中,确定第一延迟时间t1是否过去。为防止压缩机21负载过度需要设置第一延迟时间t1,当压缩机21的工作频率从最低频率Fmin突然变至可能是最高频率的设定频率Fset时,会发生这种负载过度情形。如果在步骤S120中第一延迟时间已经过去,微处理器50通过步骤S122至S126以设定频率Fset驱动压缩机21。
如果在步骤S110中,输出电压V1低于第一参考电压Vs1,即交流市电1的电源故障的时间间隔比预定的时间间隔长,微处理器50不能没有任何中断地用第一直流电力来驱动压缩机21。于是,程序进行至步骤S112和S114,此时微处理器50确定输出电压V2是否低于第一参考电压Vs1。在步骤S114中,如果输出电压V2高于第一参考电压Vs1,则程序进至步骤S116,在该步骤中,第二直流电力产生部分60的开关SW1被接通。
在步骤S118和S120中,微处理器50确定从以最低频率Fmin驱动压缩机21开始,第一延迟时间是否已经过去。如果步骤S120中的第一延迟时间t1已经过去,程序进至步骤S122,在该步骤中,微处理器50确定第一直流电力的输出电压V1是否低于可能以最高频率驱动压缩机21的第二参考电压Vs2。亦即在步骤S122中确定交流市电1是否已从电源故障中恢复过来。如果在步骤S122中,输出电压V1高于第二参考电压Vs2,则程序进至步骤S128,在该步骤中,微处理器50把开关SW1断开,接着进行前面已经提及的步骤S124和S126。即,微处理器50以设定频率Fset驱动压缩机21。
在步骤S114中,如果输出电压V2低于第一参考电压Vs1,程序进至步骤S130和S132,在这些步骤中,微处理器50在一段第二延迟时间t2内使压缩机21停止工作,然后重复进行步骤S100以及它后面的步骤。
压缩机21的工作频率突然从零变至可能是最高频率的设定频率时会发生这种负载过度情形。因此,第二延迟时间t2必须大于第一延迟时间t1。
Claims (4)
1、一套空调器控制设备包括:
构成致冷循环一部分的压缩机;
藉对交流市电整流并滤波的第一直流电力产生装置;
第二直流电力产生装置;
把所述第一或第二直流电力转变为可变频率的交流电力并以所述变换后的交流电力来驱动所述压缩机的逆变装置;
检测交流市电发生电力故障的装置;
检测所述第二直流电力的输出电压的装置;以及
虽然市电发生电力故障,但如果所述第二直流电力的输出电压的大小高于预定的参考电压,仍把所述第二直流电力接至所述逆变装置以继续驱动所述压缩机的控制装置。
2、按权利要求1的控制设备,其特征在于,所述第二直流电力产生装置进一步包括:
太阳能电池组件;
把来自所述太阳能电池组件的直流电压升高/降低至适合空调器工作的直流电压的直流一直流变换器;以及
根据来自所述控制装置的信号,把电压已升高/降低的直流电力与所述逆变装置接通或断开的开关装置。
3、一种空调器的控制方法,它把通过对交流市电整流并滤波而得到的第一直流电力或把第二直流电力转变为可变频率的交流电力,并以变换后的交流电力来驱动压缩机,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下的步骤:
(a)如果交流市电发生了电力故障,测定第一直流电力的输出电压(V1)是否高于以最低频率(Fmin)驱动压缩机的第一参考电压(Vs1);
(b)如果在步骤(a)中,输出电压(V1)低于所述第一参考电压(Vs1),测定所述第二直流电力的输出电压(V2)是否高于第一参考电压(Vs1);
(c)如果在步骤(b)中,输出电压(V2)高于所述第一参考电压(Vs1),即以最低频率(Fmin)驱动压缩机;以及
(d)在经过一段第一延迟时间(t1)后,再以设定频率(Fset)来驱动压缩机,这里给出所述第一延迟时间(t1)以防止压缩机负载过度,当压缩机的工作频率由最低频率(Fmin)快速变至设定频率(Fset)时,会发生这种负载过度的情形。
4、按权利要求3的控制方法,其特征在于,进一步包括这样一个步骤,如果在步骤(b)中所述第二直流电力的输出电压(V2)低于所述第一参考电压(Vs1),就使压缩机在一段第二延迟时间(t2)内停止工作。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR93-21704 | 1993-10-19 | ||
KR1019930021704A KR0168094B1 (ko) | 1993-10-19 | 1993-10-19 | 공기조화기의 운전제어장치 및 그 제어방법 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1106523A true CN1106523A (zh) | 1995-08-09 |
CN1055992C CN1055992C (zh) | 2000-08-30 |
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CN94116706A Expired - Fee Related CN1055992C (zh) | 1993-10-19 | 1994-09-30 | 空调器的控制设备和控制方法 |
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US (1) | US5501083A (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2648575B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR0168094B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1055992C (zh) |
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US11018623B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2021-05-25 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Safety switch for photovoltaic systems |
US11177663B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2021-11-16 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Chain of power devices |
US11201476B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2021-12-14 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Photovoltaic power device and wiring |
US12057807B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2024-08-06 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Chain of power devices |
US11870250B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2024-01-09 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Chain of power devices |
CN109210687A (zh) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-15 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | 一种空调系统的控制方法 |
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KR0168094B1 (ko) | 1999-01-15 |
KR950011993A (ko) | 1995-05-16 |
US5501083A (en) | 1996-03-26 |
JPH07158932A (ja) | 1995-06-20 |
JP2648575B2 (ja) | 1997-09-03 |
CN1055992C (zh) | 2000-08-30 |
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