CN110652298B

CN110652298B - Nursing bed capable of monitoring sleeping behaviors and states of old people and monitoring method

Info

Publication number: CN110652298B
Application number: CN201911045027.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任林燕; 陈玉霞; 郭勇; 骆攀攀; 殷媛媛; 张锦龙; 翁蓓蓓; 石允娇; 石兰兰
Original assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Current assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2019-10-30
Publication date: 2023-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-30
Also published as: CN110652298A

Abstract

The invention discloses a nursing bed capable of monitoring sleeping behaviors and states of old people and a monitoring method, wherein a bed screen is fixed at one end of a bed underframe, and the bed underframe is provided with a row framework and a mattress in a matched mode from bottom to top; the surface of the mattress is provided with luminous fabric, and a plurality of linear induction synchronizers are uniformly arranged in a left-right partition mode in the mattress to form a linear induction synchronizer matrix; the linear induction synchronizer matrix collects electromotive force variation amounts under the use state of the left side and the right side, continuously collected electromotive force variation amounts are transmitted to the host processor through the information collector, the host processor calculates the electromotive force variation amounts to obtain human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, sleep behaviors, breathing conditions and bed leaving time are monitored through analyzing the human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, the monitoring information is transmitted to the mobile phone, and alarm is given through the host processor when abnormal information is monitored; the surface luminous fabric of the mattress is controlled to emit light or darken when the old is at night or sleeps.

Description

Nursing bed capable of monitoring sleeping behaviors and states of old people and monitoring method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of living beds, in particular to a nursing bed capable of monitoring sleeping behaviors and states of old people and a monitoring method.

Background

The world health organization emphasizes that sleep is the third most important factor affecting human health beyond diet and exercise. The 2017 Chinese sleep quality analysis report indicates that the sleep health problems are gradually increased along with the increase of the age, wherein about 70% of the aged over 60 years have the sleep quality problems of insufficient deep sleep, too short sleep time and the like. The low sleep quality is an important cause of diseases such as hypertension, heart disease, hyperglycemia, alzheimer disease and the like of the old. With the increasing of the aging of China and the increasing of the sleep health problems of the old, the sleep monitoring problem of the old becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the industrial economy society.

Bed systems are often considered to be an important external factor affecting sleep quality, during which the bed system is in continuous contact with the human body, supporting the body, relaxing muscles and recovering intervertebral discs. When the old people sleep on the bed system, various sleeping behaviors and posture adjustment such as turning over and the like can exist, so that the situation that local muscles and soft tissues are continuously pressed to influence blood circulation is avoided, on the other hand, the sleeping behaviors and posture adjustment cannot be too frequent in the sleeping process, otherwise, the sleeping quality is influenced, and the problems of sleeping disorders such as restless leg syndrome, periodic limb movements and the like are often manifested as the increase of the action behaviors in the sleeping process, so that the sleeping is intermittent and difficult to keep. Meanwhile, the old people have a series of action behaviors of getting out of bed such as thirsty, getting up and the like in the sleeping process at night. Medical data shows that 60% to 70% of the elderly have a habit of getting up to night, and that some require getting up to night twice to three times a day at night. The old people get up too many times at night, and the brain is not awake at night, and the old people are easy to fall down, especially the old people with Alzheimer's disease. The unreasonable design of the night light is one of main objective factors causing the old to fall down, for example, the light switch needs to be black to look for, the light is too dark to be clearly illuminated, and the like. On the other hand, research shows that the light adaptation time of the human needs about 1 minute, and the light of the night lamp is too bright or the light is too bright, so that the visual nerve of the aged can be stimulated, and the aged can fall asleep for a second time. Meanwhile, world Health Organization (WHO) statistics show that 65 years old deaths, 70% of which are related to falls, have become the first killer of the elderly population to disability, disability and death. Of which more than 51% fall at night due to the onset of night, followed by disability or lethality. Rescue failure is a major cause of death of the elderly after the elderly falls at night. In addition, the frequency of the night, the respiration condition and the like are also one of important bases for reflecting the physical health problems of the old. Therefore, the sleeping behavior, the bed leaving time, the breathing condition and the like of the old are accurately recorded, so that a worker or a guardian can be timely reminded when an accident happens, a basis index is provided for a sleeping health report of the old, and the sleeping health monitoring system has important significance for health safety of the old.

At present, the test methods of sleeping behaviors mainly comprise a polysomnography recording method, a somatogram analysis method and a camera shooting method. The polysomnography recording method can only be completed in a laboratory, and a plurality of conductive electrodes are required to be placed on a human body, and the body movement recording graph analysis method requires a plurality of body movement recording devices to be worn on the body limb parts, so that the sleeping is affected to a certain extent. Although the imaging method can test sleeping posture and sleeping action on the premise of not interfering sleeping, the method does not respect the privacy of the subject, and can not precisely test the action of fine action and action under the cover of bedding. The existing medical bed for the sleep monitoring of the aged in the market only monitors physiological parameters such as breathing and heart rate of the aged, and cannot comprehensively reflect the sleeping behaviors and states of the aged. And when respiration, heart rate etc. of old person are monitored, mainly through wearing bracelet, many conducting poles or upper portion in the mattress, about heart position sets up a respiration, heart rate detection area, can cause the influence of certain degree to normal sleep.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a nursing bed and a monitoring method capable of monitoring sleeping behaviors and states of old people, wherein the nursing bed can monitor sleeping postures, sleeping behaviors, breathing conditions and bed leaving time of the old people, realize functions of alarming, night lamps and the like based on the sleeping postures, the sleeping behaviors, the breathing conditions and the bed leaving time, provide a health sleeping report and provide reasonable suggestions for health sleeping problems of the old people.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:

a nursing bed capable of monitoring sleeping behaviors and states of old people comprises a bed screen, a bed underframe, a row framework, a mattress, a plurality of linear synchronous sensors, an information collector, a host processor and a mobile phone;

the bed screen is fixed at one end of the bed underframe, and the bed underframe is provided with a row framework and a mattress in a matching way from bottom to top in sequence; the surface of the mattress is provided with luminous fabric, and the plurality of linear synchronous inductors are uniformly arranged in a left-right partition mode in the mattress to form a linear synchronous inductor matrix; the linear synchronous sensor matrix collects electromotive force variation amounts at the use states of the left side and the right side, continuously collected electromotive force variation amounts are transmitted to the host processor through the information collector, the host processor calculates the electromotive force variation amounts to count out human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, sleep behaviors, breathing conditions and bed leaving time are monitored through analyzing the human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, monitoring information is transmitted to the mobile phone, and alarm is given through the host processor when abnormal information is monitored; the surface luminous fabric of the mattress is controlled to emit light or darken when the old is at night or sleeps.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the bed screen comprises a screen frame and a soft bag fixed on the screen frame; the soft package comprises fiber cotton, sponge, latex filling material and knitted fabric wrapping the filling material, and is divided into a head support and a back support from top to bottom.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the bed underframe comprises a bed tail plate, two bed side plates, a bed bottom plate, four corner brackets and a plurality of metal sheets; the bed tail plate, the two bed side plates and the bed bottom plate are fixed through four corner brackets, and the corner brackets and each metal block are all installed at the same height and used for supporting the rib frame.

As one of the preferred modes of the invention, the bed also comprises foldable guardrails which are arranged at two sides of the bed underframe; and an adjusting button is arranged on the foldable guardrail.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the rib frame comprises a steel frame and a plurality of bamboo ribs arranged in the steel frame, each bamboo rib comprises two or three layers of bamboo shrapnel, two metal sleeves sleeved at two ends of the two or three layers of bamboo shrapnels and a hardness adjusting device connected to the bottoms of the two metal sleeves, and the hardness adjusting device is used for adjusting pressure when the surfaces of the two or three layers of bamboo shrapnels are stressed.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the hardness adjusting device comprises a supporting base, a movable slide block, a metal supporting block, an elastic metal round bar and a supporting rod; the bottoms of the two metal sleeve heads are respectively connected with two supporting rods, and each two supporting rods are clamped at two sides of one end of the supporting base and fixed with the two supporting rods; the middle part of supporting base has fixedly cup jointed two metal supporting blocks, and two movable sliders have been cup jointed in the outside one end of two metal supporting blocks relative to supporting base in a sliding way respectively, elasticity metal round bar is specifically four and hugs closely respectively in the both sides of supporting base and pass in proper order the perforation of metal supporting block and the perforation of movable sliders link to each other with the perforation fixed of the bottom of the bracing piece of corresponding side, the bracing piece with the perforation of metal supporting block links to each other fixedly, and the bracing piece slides with the perforation of movable sliders and links to each other.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the support base is provided with scale marks in the sliding range of the movable slide block; the movable slide block is provided with a bolt, the movable slide block can move left and right on the support base through loosening the bolt, and the movable slide block can be fixed on the support base by screwing the bolt, so that the hardness of the nursing bed can be adjusted; the metal sleeve is characterized by further comprising a bamboo inserting piece, wherein two holes with grooves are arranged at the upper end of the metal sleeve in parallel and are used for directly fixing three layers of bamboo elastic pieces, or a bayonet of the bamboo inserting piece is placed in the groove of the holes and is used for fixing two layers of bamboo elastic pieces; the steel frame comprises an outer frame and a vertical support connected to the middle of the outer frame, wherein the plurality of bamboo ribs are divided into two rows through the vertical support and are uniformly arranged in the outer frame, insertion holes for connecting the bamboo ribs are formed in the corresponding end faces of the vertical support and the outer frame, and tenons matched with the insertion holes are formed in the two ends of the bamboo ribs.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rib cage is divided into 7 regions of the head, shoulder, back, waist, buttocks, thighs, calves, and feet in the longitudinal direction.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the mattress comprises a bedding layer, a core layer and a surface material composite layer which covers the bedding layer and the core layer; wherein the fabric composite layer comprises an outer fabric, a hard sponge or sponge material and an inner fabric; the outer fabric is a light-emitting fabric which is slowly lightened and darkened, and the host processor controls the light-emitting fabric to emit light or darken; the inner surface fabric is a knitted fabric; the hard sponge or sponge material is filled between the outer fabric and the inner fabric, and the outer fabric and the inner fabric are directly fixedly connected through quilting; the upper bedding layer and the lower bedding layer are respectively filled with memory cotton, latex sponge and polyurethane sponge filling materials from top to bottom, and the thickness of the upper bedding layer is larger than that of the lower bedding layer; the core layer is a foam sponge block or a latex sponge block which is coated with a plurality of rows of high-low spring packs; each high-low spring pack is non-woven fabrics for wrapping the high-low springs, and the high-low springs specifically comprise a large spring and two small springs respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the large spring, and a gap is arranged between the two small springs; and a linear synchronous sensor matrix is fixed in the fabric composite layer.

The invention also discloses a method for monitoring the nursing bed capable of monitoring the sleeping behaviors and the states of the old, which comprises the following steps:

s1, transmitting electromotive force variation quantities in use states of the left side and the right side which are continuously acquired to a host processor through an information acquisition device by a linear synchronous sensor matrix;

s2, the host processor processes the electromotive force variation, wherein the host processor calculates and analyzes the collapse displacement of each region of the mattress, the collapse area of each region, the ratio of the collapse displacement and the ratio of the collapse area to determine sleeping behaviors;

s3, the host processor determines the breathing condition by calculating and analyzing the sum of the derivative of the electromotive force output by the linear synchronous sensor matrix on the mattress and the relative time;

s4, the host processor calculates and analyzes the total indentation displacement and the total indentation area of the human-bed interface to determine the out-of-bed condition.

As one preferable embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula for converting the electromotive force variation amount of the linear synchronous sensor into the displacement amount by the host processor is as follows:

the displacement function D (xi, xj) is:

wherein E is electromotive force; k is an electromagnetic coupling coefficient; x is displacement; w is the winding pitch; u (U) _m And W is the amplitude and frequency of the excitation voltage; d (x) _i ，x _j ) Is the displacement of the linear synchronous sensor at the position of the mattress (i, j); e (x) _i ，x _j ) Is the output electromotive force of a linear synchronous sensor (6) positioned at the position of the mattress (i, j);

the host processor composes the calculated displacement amounts of the plurality of linear synchronous sensors into a human-bed interface collapse displacement amount matrix and stores the matrix, and the host processor processes the human-bed interface collapse displacement amount matrix to obtain sleeping behaviors, breathing conditions and bed leaving conditions.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, the step of determining sleep behavior by the host processor includes:

(a) The information collector collects the electromotive force variation of the linear synchronous sensor below the pillow and transmits the electromotive force variation to the host processor, and the host processor calculates and obtains the collapse displacement A of the pillow on the mattress;

(b)the host processor calculates the collapse displacement of each region of the mattress, the collapse area of each region, the ratio of the collapse displacement and the ratio of the collapse area, wherein the collapse displacement of each region of the mattress is the calf collapse displacement D _L Displacement D of lateral asymmetric collapse _c And absolute value |D of lateral asymmetric collapse displacement amount _c I, the lateral asymmetric collapse displacement D _c The total displacement difference of the two sides of the symmetrical center curve formed after the shoulder, waist and buttocks are compressed is the total compressed area S of each area of the mattress _t Area S of lateral asymmetric depression _c And absolute value of lateral asymmetric indentation area |S _c The ratio of the collapse displacement is equal to the ratio R of the collapse displacement of the head and the buttocks _hh The head-hip depression displacement ratio R _hh The ratio of the total crush displacement of the head area and the total crush displacement of the buttocks area except the pillow is the ratio R of the crush area of the upper trunk to the crush area of the buttocks _th The ratio R of the compression area of the upper trunk and the buttocks _th Is the ratio of the sum of the shoulder and back and waist depression areas to the leg depression area;

the calf collapse displacement D _L The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

the lateral asymmetric collapse displacement D _c The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

absolute value |D of the lateral asymmetric collapse displacement amount _c The calculation formula of the I is as follows:

the collapse area is obtained by calculating the collapse displacement D (x _i ，x _j ) The sum of points larger than zero, and then judging the area size of the area generating the displacement:

when D (x) _i ，x _j ) At > 0, S (x _i ，x _j )＝K

When D (x) _i ，x _j ) When=0, S (x _i ，x _j )＝0

The total indentation area S _t The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

the lateral asymmetric indentation area S _c The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

absolute value of the laterally asymmetric indentation area |S _c The calculation formula of the I is as follows:

the head-hip depression displacement ratio R _hh The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

the ratio R of the compression area of the upper trunk and the buttocks _th The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

wherein d _leg Is the displacement matrix of the calf collapse, d _head For head collapse displacement matrix d _hip The matrix is the hip collapse displacement quantity, K is the collapse area coefficient, m is the transverse collapse quantity test point number, and n is the longitudinal collapse quantityThe method comprises the steps of testing points towards the collapse amount, wherein n1, n2, n3 and n4 are respectively the testing points of the longitudinal collapse amount of the head, the upper trunk, the buttocks and the lower leg area, l is the testing points of the longitudinal total collapse amount of the shoulders, the waist and the buttocks, p is the transverse coordinates of a test point on a symmetrical center curve, q is the longitudinal coordinates of the test point on the symmetrical center curve, i and j are temporary index variables used in traversing summation, m, n1, n2, n3, n4 and l, p, q, i, j are natural numbers, and A is the collapse displacement amount generated by a pillow on a mattress;

(c) Leg depression displacement D by Z score data standardization method _L Displacement D of lateral asymmetric collapse _c Absolute value of lateral asymmetric collapse displacement |D _c I, total indentation area S _t Area S of lateral asymmetric depression _c Absolute value of lateral asymmetric indentation area |S _c Displacement ratio R of the head and hip collapse _hh And upper torso-to-hip depression area ratio R _th Normalizing eight indexes to form feature vectors for identifying five sleeping postures of supine, left side lying, right side lying, standing up and sitting down and backrest sitting down, and processing the calculated feature vectors by a host processor by using a support vector machine classifier to identify the sleeping postures;

(c1) By absolute value of displacement of lateral asymmetric collapse |D _c Absolute value of the sum of the areas of lateral asymmetric depression |s _c Judging when |D _c I and S _c Judging that the user lies on one side when the I is large, entering the step (c 2), otherwise, entering the step (c 3) when the user lies on the back or sits;

(c2) Judging left side lying and right side lying by positive and negative of the lateral asymmetric collapse displacement Dc and the lateral asymmetric collapse area Sc;

(c3) By applying a total indentation area S _t Make a judgment when S _t If the person is on the back, judging that the person is on the back, if the person is on the back, finishing identification, otherwise, entering the step (c 4);

(c4) When the head and the buttocks are pressed and the displacement ratio R _hh Small, calf collapse D _L Large and upper torso-to-hip depression area ratio R _th If the person is sitting up after an hour, the displacement ratio R of the head and hip collapse _hh Large, calf collapse D _L Approximately zero and upper torso-to-hip depression area ratio R _th Judging that the backrest is sitting in the large time;

(d) After the main machine processor recognizes the sleeping postures, judging and recording the holding time of each sleeping posture, the time distribution of the sleeping postures, the sleeping behavior generation time, the turning times and the times of occurrence of the non-moving sheet beyond the preset time, and determining the sleeping behavior.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, the step of determining the breathing situation by the host processor further comprises:

(e) The host processor calculates the sum f (t) of the derivative of the electromotive force to the relative time output by the linear synchronous sensor on the mattress, and the peak value of each pulse wave of f (t) is a signal of the breathing mode and the sleeping action of the upper trunk part;

wherein E (x) _i ，x _j ) Is the output electromotive force of a linear synchronous sensor positioned at the position of the mattress (i, j);

(f) The host processor draws a waveform diagram of the upper trunk part breathing mode and the signals of the sleeping behaviors relative to time, marks the sleeping behavior generation time correspondingly on the waveform diagram, and the waveform corresponding to the time when the sleeping behaviors are not generated is the signals of the upper trunk part breathing mode;

(g) The host processor analyzes the waveform of the upper trunk breathing mode signal, marks an apnea event, records and utilizes the duration, the total number of apneas and duration thereof, an apnea index, an apnea rate and a time node index of the occurrence of the apneas of a single breathing cycle to determine the breathing condition, wherein the apnea index is the ratio of the total time of the apneas to the total number of the apneas, and the apnea rate is the ratio of the total time of the apneas to the total time of the sleeping.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, the step of determining the out-of-bed condition by the host processor further comprises:

(h) The host processor calculates the human-bed boundaryTotal displacement of depression of surface D _t And total indentation area S _t When the time is zero, the bed is determined to be separated;

the host processor calculates the total indentation displacement D of the human-bed interface _t And total indentation area S _t When the pressure is greater than zero, determining to return to the bed;

(i) The host processor records the bed leaving time, records and utilizes the total number of times of the bed leaving, the total time of the bed leaving, the single bed leaving time, the bed leaving index, the bed leaving rate and the time node index of the bed leaving behavior to determine the bed leaving condition, wherein the bed leaving index is the ratio of the total time of the bed leaving to the total number of times of the bed leaving, the bed leaving rate is the ratio of the total time of the bed leaving to the total sleeping time, and the host processor can automatically alarm when judging that the bed leaving time is overtime.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) The invention overcomes the limitation that the existing sleep behavior recognition and evaluation technology needs to wear the testing device on the human body or has insufficient respect to the privacy of the subject, and utilizes the indentation displacement of the human-bed interface to recognize the sleep behavior, thereby not only ensuring the privacy of the subject, but also realizing the interference-free recognition and real-time monitoring of the sleep behavior. (2) The invention overcomes the limitation that the prior respiration condition monitoring needs to wear a bracelet, a plurality of conductive electrodes or a respiration and heart rate detection belt is arranged at the middle upper part of a mattress and is arranged at the position of about the heart, and can influence normal sleep, utilizes the change of the depression amount of a human-bed interface to extract respiration change waves, realizes the interference-free respiration condition monitoring, records and analyzes the respiration pause condition, and judges whether the Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) symptoms of the aged exist. (3) The invention realizes the design of adjusting the hardness of the partitions and each region of the nursing bed for the aged, and by adopting the row skeleton with adjustable hardness, and utilizing the different density, elastic modulus, carbonization degree and layer number of the bamboo shrapnel, and combining the design of adjusting the elastic size of the resin round bars of the row skeleton, the hardness of the row skeleton can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the hardness of different regions and meeting the requirements of people with different sizes. (4) The mattress adopts the high-low springs, and the large springs and the small springs are combined, so that the large springs are independently supported at the position with smaller stress, the pressure can be effectively relieved, and the large springs and the small springs are jointly supported at the position with larger stress, so that the elasticity and the stability of the mattress can be ensured. The partition design of the row framework is combined, different supports of different areas of the bed can be realized, the spine of the old is in a natural bending state in the sleeping process, the spine health of the old is effectively protected, and pressure relief is realized. (5) The invention provides a novel method for monitoring the bed leaving time, which records the bed leaving time of a user by utilizing the change (whether zero) of the collapse displacement of a human-bed interface, and carries out personalized design of the bed leaving time alarm according to the specific condition of the user, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of disability or death caused by incapacity of timely curing after falling at night and the like of the old. (6) The invention provides a night automatic illumination method, which utilizes the variation of the collapse displacement and the collapse area of a human-bed interface, automatically judges the bed leaving and returning behaviors of the old through identifying the standing-up posture of the old, controls the on-off of a bed lamp, and effectively avoids the collision phenomenon of the old caused by touching the black switch lamp and the like. (7) The sleep monitoring system overcomes the limitation that the existing sleep monitoring can only record physiological parameters of the old in the sleep process, can not evaluate the sleep quality of the old and can not assist in improving the sleep, and provides the auxiliary treatment suggestion of the healthy sleep by analyzing the sleep behavior, the breathing condition and the bed leaving time and combining the human engineering theory and the healthy sleep research.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a nursing bed of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a foldable use state of the guard rail of the nursing bed of the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of a bed screen bed chassis of the nursing bed of this embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an overall schematic view of a spareribs frame of the nursing bed of the present embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rib cage of the nursing bed of the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the detachment of the spareribs of the nursing bed of the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall bamboo raft rib (with 3 layers of bamboo splints) according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall bamboo raft rib (with 2 layers of bamboo splints) according to the embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the overall metal sleeve and bamboo insert of the present embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metal sleeve and a bamboo insert according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 11 is an assembly schematic diagram of the bamboo raft rib (with 3 layers of bamboo shrapnel) of the embodiment;

FIG. 12 is an assembly schematic of the bamboo raft rib (with 2 layers of bamboo shrapnel) of the embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the whole of the bamboo raft rib (with 3 bamboo shrapnel) of the embodiment in a stressed state after the sliding block is moved;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the whole of the bamboo raft rib (with 2 bamboo shrapnel) of the present embodiment in a stressed state after moving the slider;

FIG. 15 is an overall schematic view of a mattress of the nursing bed of this embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a mattress of the nursing bed of this example;

FIG. 17 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the nursing bed of the present embodiment 1, i.e., a horizontal distribution diagram of a matrix of linear synchronous inductors;

FIG. 18 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the nursing bed of this example 2, i.e., a horizontal profile of the high and low spring packs;

FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high and low spring package of the present embodiment;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of the high-low spring pack and foam sponge (or latex sponge) body of the present embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the overall assembly of the nursing bed of this embodiment;

FIG. 22 is a general cross-sectional view of a sleeper lying on its side on an experimental bed with a person-bed interface collapse displacement acquisition;

FIGS. 23a1, 23a2 and 23a3 are graphs showing the collapse displacement of the human-bed interface in the lateral position as acquired in this example;

FIGS. 23b1, 23b2, and 23b3 are graphs of the collapse displacement of the human-bed interface in the supine position acquired in this example;

FIGS. 23c1, 23c2, and 23c3 are graphs showing the displacement of the indentation of the human-bed interface in the sitting-up state, acquired in this example;

FIGS. 23d1, 23d2, and 23d3 are graphs showing the displacement of the indentation of the human-bed interface in the sitting position of the backrest, as acquired in this example;

FIG. 24 is a waveform diagram of sleep behavior and respiratory condition signals obtained by the present embodiment;

FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing the continuous acquisition of the human-bed interface collapse matrix according to the present embodiment.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail the examples of the present invention, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

As shown in fig. 22-23: the figure 10 shows the user, 11 shows the profile of the spine on the coronal plane; when the sleeping posture of the user 10 changes and action events occur during sleeping, the weight of each part of the human body changes on the mattress, the indentation area of the human-bed interface and the indentation displacement change, and the change of the electric signals is output by a linear synchronous sensor synchronous with the indentation change of the human-bed interface to acquire sleeping posture change and action event occurrence signals of the sleeper; this serves as the actual theoretical basis for monitoring.

Example 1

Based on the above design ideas, see fig. 1-3 and 21: a nursing bed capable of monitoring sleeping behaviors and states of old people comprises a bed screen 1, a bed underframe 2, a rib frame 3, a mattress 5, a plurality of linear synchronous sensors 6, an information collector 7, a host processor 8 and a mobile phone 9;

The bed screen 1 is fixed at one end of the bed underframe 2, and the bed underframe 2 is provided with a row framework 3 and a mattress 5 in a matching way from bottom to top in sequence; the surface of the mattress 5 is provided with luminous fabric, and the plurality of linear synchronous inductors 6 are uniformly arranged in a left-right partition mode in the mattress 5 to form a linear synchronous inductor matrix; the linear synchronous sensor matrix collects electromotive force variation amounts at the left side and the right side in a use state, continuously collected electromotive force variation amounts are transmitted to the host processor 8 through the information collector 7, the host processor 8 calculates the electromotive force variation amounts to count out human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, sleep behaviors, respiration conditions and bed leaving time are monitored through analyzing the human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, the monitoring information is transmitted to the mobile phone 9, and an alarm is given through the host processor 8 when abnormal information is monitored; the surface luminous fabric of the mattress 5 is controlled to emit light or darken when the old is at night or sleeps.

Description of the operating principle and process of the luminescence fabric: the luminous fabric is a fabric woven by adding POFs with different specifications in the weaving process, warp knitting or weft knitting according to a certain weaving process, finally POF bundles in the fabric are connected with LED lamp beads, LEDs emit light through IC control, and the POFs can guide light into the fabric to enable the fabric to emit light. Meanwhile, considering the influence of light on the visual nerves and sleeping quality of the old, the luminous fabric emits warm light, and a certain time gradient is arranged for the brightness and the darkening of the luminous fabric.

The outer fabric of the mattress 5 is a luminous fabric, and when the sleeping posture identified by the host processor 8 is a standing sitting posture, the host processor 8 controls the luminous fabric to slowly emit light; when the sleeping posture identified by the host processor 8 is supine, left-side lying or right-side lying, the host processor 8 controls the light-emitting fabric to darken slowly.

The embodiment can monitor sleeping behaviors, apnea risk prompt, off-bed time monitoring, night lamp starting and the like, and is suitable for the general elderly and the Alzheimer disease elderly.

Preferably, the bed screen 1 comprises a screen frame 11 and a soft bag 12 fixed on the screen frame 11, the whole bed screen 1 is 800mm higher than the bed surface and slightly higher than the height of the upper trunk of a human body; the soft bag 12 comprises fiber cotton, sponge, latex filling material and knitted fabric wrapping the filling material, and the soft bag 12 is divided into a head support 12a and a back support 12b from top to bottom, so that the soft bag can fully provide support for the head and the back of a person in sitting posture.

Further, the bed underframe 2 comprises a bed tail plate 21, two bed side plates 22, a bed bottom plate 23, four corner brackets 24 and a plurality of metal sheets 25; the bed tail plate 21, the two bed side plates 22 and the bed bottom plate 23 are fixed through four corner brackets 24, and the corner brackets 25 and each metal block 26 are arranged at the same height for supporting the spareribs 3.

Further, the bed comprises foldable guardrails 4, wherein the foldable guardrails 4 are arranged on two sides of the bed underframe 2; the foldable guardrail 4 is provided with an adjusting button 41, the upper part of the adjusting button is 400mm away from the bed surface, and the folding guardrail has a foldable function and is convenient for a user to get on and off the bed.

See fig. 4, fig. 6-14: in a specific example, the rib cage 3 includes a steel frame 31 and a plurality of bamboo ribs 32 installed in the steel frame 31, and two adjacent bamboo ribs 32 are spaced apart by 45mm in the longitudinal direction. Each bamboo raft rib 32 comprises two or three layers of bamboo elastic pieces 329, two metal sleeve heads 321 sleeved at two ends of the two or three layers of bamboo elastic pieces 329, and a hardness adjusting device connected to the bottoms of the two metal sleeve heads 321, wherein the hardness adjusting device is used for adjusting pressure when the surfaces of the two or three layers of bamboo elastic pieces 329 are stressed, and comprises a supporting base 325, a movable sliding block 326, a metal supporting block 327, an elastic metal round bar 324 and a supporting rod 323; the bottoms of the two metal sleeves 321 are respectively connected with two support rods 323, and each two support rods 323 are clamped at two sides of one end of the support base 325 and are fixed with the two support rods 325; the middle part of the support base 325 is fixedly sleeved with two metal support blocks 327, one end of the two metal support blocks 327, which is opposite to the outer side of the support base 325, is respectively sleeved with two movable sliding blocks 326 in a sliding manner, the four elastic metal round bars 324 are respectively clung to two sides of the support base 325 and sequentially penetrate through the through holes 3271 of the metal support blocks 327 and the through holes 3262 of the movable sliding blocks 326 to be fixedly connected with the through holes 3231 at the bottom of the support bar 323 at the corresponding side, the support bar 323 is fixedly connected with the through holes 3271 of the metal support blocks 327, and the support bar 323 is in sliding connection with the through holes 3262 of the movable sliding blocks 326.

Preferably, the supporting base 325 is provided with graduation marks 328 within the sliding range of the moving slider 326, so as to quantify the adjustment of the hardness; the movable slide block 326 is provided with a bolt 3261, the movable slide block 326 moves left and right on the support base 325 by loosening the bolt 3261, and the movable slide block 326 is fixed on the support base 325 by tightening the bolt 3261, so that the hardness adjustment of the nursing bed is completed; the upper end of the metal sleeve 321 is provided with two parallel holes 3211 with grooves 3212 for directly fixing the three layers of bamboo shrapnel 329, or a bayonet 3221 for placing the bamboo inserting sheet 322 is arranged in the grooves 3212 of the holes 3211 for fixing the two layers of bamboo shrapnels 329; the steel frame 31 comprises an outer frame 311 and a vertical support 312 connected to the middle of the outer frame 311, the plurality of bamboo ribs 32 are divided into two rows by the vertical support 312 and are uniformly arranged in the outer frame 311, the vertical support 312 and the outer frame 311 are respectively provided with a jack 313 for connecting the bamboo ribs on the corresponding end surfaces connected with the bamboo ribs 32, and tenons 3251 matched with the jacks 313 are arranged at two ends of the bamboo ribs 32.

See fig. 5: specifically, the rib cage 3 may be divided into 7 regions including a head i, a shoulder ii, a back ii, a waist iii, a hip iv, a thigh v, a shank vi, and a foot vii in the longitudinal direction. According to the ergonomic principle, generally the head I, shoulder and back II and hip IV are under higher pressure, with less stiff bamboo ribs 32, while the waist III, thigh V, calf VI and foot VII are under relatively lower pressure, with more stiff bamboo ribs 32. On the basis, each user can also adjust according to the body type characteristics of the user, and the spine of the old is effectively protected from being in a natural bending state. The hardness of the bamboo rib strips 32 can be adjusted by grading the density, the elastic modulus and the carbonization degree of the bamboo shrapnel and combining the layers of the bamboo shrapnel, wherein the higher the density of the bamboo shrapnel is, the lower the elastic modulus is, the higher the carbonization degree is, the more the layers are, and the higher the hardness of the bamboo rib strips 32 is.

On one hand, the hardness of the bamboo raft rib is adjustable, and on the other hand, the hardness of the bamboo raft rib is increased by adjusting the density, the elastic modulus and the carbonization degree of the bamboo shrapnel and combining the number of layers of the bamboo shrapnel, wherein the higher the density, the lower the elastic modulus and the carbonization degree of the bamboo shrapnel are, the higher the number of layers is, and the higher the hardness of the bamboo raft rib is; on the other hand, the elastic size of the supporting rod can be adjusted through the movable sliding block on the bamboo rib, so that the hardness of the bamboo rib can be adjusted, and when the movable sliding block moves towards the center of the supporting base, the resin supporting rod is easier to bend downwards, and the hardness of the bamboo rib is smaller. By combining the partition design, the bamboo raft ribs with smaller hardness can be arranged in the areas with larger pressure such as the head, the shoulder, the back and the buttocks, so that the pressure relief is realized, and the bamboo raft ribs with larger hardness are arranged in the parts such as the waist, the thigh, the shank and the foot, so that the effective support is realized. Meanwhile, the user body shape characteristics can be combined to carry out customized adjustment, so that the spine of the user in the sleeping process is ensured to be in a natural bending state.

See fig. 15-20 and fig. 22: the mattress 5 comprises a bedding layer (not shown), a core layer 53 and a fabric composite layer 51 covering the bedding layer and the core layer 53; wherein the fabric composite layer 51 comprises an outer fabric 511, a hard sponge or sponge material 512, and an inner fabric 513; the outer fabric 511 is a light-emitting fabric which is slowly lightened and darkened, and the host processor 8 controls the light-emitting fabric to emit light or darken; the inner fabric 513 is a knitted fabric, so that the elasticity of the surface of the mattress can be increased; the hard sponge or sponge material 512 is filled between the outer material 511 and the inner material 513, and the outer material 511 and the inner material 513 are directly fixedly connected through quilting; the upper bedding layer 52a and the lower bedding layer 52b are respectively filled with memory cotton, latex sponge and polyurethane sponge filling materials 521 from top to bottom, and the thickness of the upper bedding layer 52a is larger than that of the lower bedding layer 52b; the core layer 53 is a foam sponge block or a latex sponge block 531 which is wrapped with a plurality of rows of high-low spring packs; each high-low spring pack is a non-woven fabric 5321 wrapping the high-low springs 5322, and the high-low springs 5322 specifically comprise one large spring 532a which is vertically arranged and two small springs 532b which are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the large spring, and a gap is arranged between the two small springs 532 b; the big springs 532a are independently supported at the parts with smaller stress, and are supported together with the two small springs 532b at the parts with larger stress, so that the elasticity, the supportability and the stability of the mattress are ensured; the linear synchronous sensor matrix is fixed in the fabric composite layer 51.

Example 2

See fig. 22-25: the embodiment also discloses a method for monitoring the sleep behavior and the state of the aged by adopting the nursing bed capable of monitoring the sleep behavior and the state of the aged, which comprises the following steps:

s1, transmitting electromotive force variation quantities in use states of the left side and the right side which are continuously acquired to a host processor 8 through an information acquisition device 7 by a linear synchronous sensor matrix;

s2, the host processor 8 processes the electromotive force variation, wherein the host processor 8 calculates and analyzes the collapse displacement of each region, the collapse area of each region, the ratio of the collapse displacement and the ratio of the collapse area of the mattress 5 to determine sleeping behaviors;

s3, the host processor 8 determines the breathing condition by calculating and analyzing the sum of the derivative of the electromotive force output by the linear synchronous sensor matrix on the mattress 5 to the relative time;

s4, the host processor 8 calculates and analyzes the total indentation displacement and the total indentation area of the human-bed interface to determine the out-of-bed condition.

Specifically, the calculation formula for converting the electromotive force variation of the linear synchronous sensor 6 into the displacement by the host processor 8 is as follows:

the displacement function D (x _i ，x _j ) The method comprises the following steps:

wherein E is electromotive force; k is an electromagnetic coupling coefficient; x is displacement; w is the winding pitch; u (U) _m And W is the amplitude and frequency of the excitation voltage;D(x _i ，x _j ) Is the displacement of the linear synchronous sensor 6 at the position of the mattress (5 i, j); e (x) _i ，x _j ) Is the output electromotive force of the linear synchronous sensor 6 positioned at the position of the mattress (5 i, j);

the host processor 8 composes the calculated displacement amounts of the plurality of linear synchronous sensors into a human-bed interface collapse displacement amount matrix and stores the matrix, and the host processor 8 processes the human-bed interface collapse displacement amount matrix to obtain sleeping behaviors, breathing conditions and bed leaving conditions.

Further, the step of determining sleep behavior by the host processor 8 includes:

(a) The information collector 7 collects the electromotive force variation of the linear synchronous sensor 6 below the pillow and transmits the electromotive force variation to the host processor 8, and the host processor 8 calculates and obtains the collapse displacement A of the pillow on the mattress 5;

(b) The host processor 8 calculates the collapse displacement, the collapse area, the ratio of the collapse displacement and the ratio of the collapse area of the mattress 5, wherein the collapse displacement of the mattress 5 is the calf collapse displacement D _L Displacement D of lateral asymmetric collapse _c And absolute value |D of lateral asymmetric collapse displacement amount _c I, the lateral asymmetric collapse displacement D _c The total compressed area of each region of the mattress 5 is the total compressed area S _t Area S of lateral asymmetric depression _c And absolute value of lateral asymmetric indentation area |S _c The ratio of the collapse displacement is equal to the ratio R of the collapse displacement of the head and the buttocks _hh The head-hip depression displacement ratio R _hh The ratio of the total crush displacement of the head area and the total crush displacement of the buttocks area except the pillow is the ratio R of the crush area of the upper trunk to the crush area of the buttocks _th The ratio R of the compression area of the upper trunk and the buttocks _th Is the ratio of the sum of the shoulder and back and waist depression areas to the leg depression area;

when D (x) _i ，x _j ) At > 0, S (x _i ，x _j )＝K

When D (x) _i ，x _j ) When=0, S (x _i ，x _j )＝0

The total indentation area S _t The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

wherein d _leg Is the displacement matrix of the calf collapse, d _head For head collapse displacement matrix d _hip K is a hip collapse displacement matrix, m is a transverse collapse area coefficient, n is a longitudinal collapse amount test point, n1, n2, n3 and n4 are longitudinal collapse amount test points of head, upper trunk, hip and lower leg areas respectively, l is a shoulder, waist and hip longitudinal total collapse amount test point, p is a transverse coordinate of a test point on a symmetrical center curve respectively, q is a longitudinal coordinate of a test point on the symmetrical center curve, i and j are temporary index variables used in traversal summation, m, n1, n2, n3, n4 and l, p, q, i, j take natural numbers, and A is the collapse displacement of the pillow on a mattress;

(c) Leg depression displacement D by Z score data standardization method _L Displacement D of lateral asymmetric collapse _c Absolute value of lateral asymmetric collapse displacement |D _c I, total indentation area S _t Area S of lateral asymmetric depression _c Absolute value of lateral asymmetric indentation area |S _c Displacement ratio R of the head and hip collapse _hh And upper torso-to-hip depression area ratio R _th Normalizing eight indexes to form feature vectors for identifying five sleeping postures of supine, left side lying, right side lying, standing up and sitting down and backrest sitting down, and processing the calculated feature vectors by a host processor 8 by using a support vector machine classifier to identify the sleeping postures;

(c1) By opposite sidesAbsolute value of displacement to asymmetric collapse |D _c Absolute value of the sum of the areas of lateral asymmetric depression |s _c Judging when |D _c I and S _c Judging that the user lies on one side when the I is large, entering the step (c 2), otherwise, entering the step (c 3) when the user lies on the back or sits;

(c2) By displacement D of asymmetric collapse in the lateral direction _c And a laterally asymmetric crush area S _c Judging left side lying and right side lying by positive and negative;

(d) After recognizing the sleeping postures, the host processor 8 judges and records the holding time of each sleeping posture, the time distribution of the sleeping postures, the sleeping behavior generation time, the turning times and the times of occurrence of the non-moving sheet beyond the preset time, and determines the sleeping behavior.

Further, the step of determining the breathing situation by the host processor 8 further comprises:

(e) The host processor 8 calculates the sum f (t) of the derivative of the electromotive force to the relative time output by the linear synchronous sensor 6 on the mattress 5, and the peak value of each pulse wave of f (t) is a signal of the breathing mode and the sleeping action of the upper trunk part;

wherein E (x) _i ,x _j ) Is the output electromotive force of the linear synchronous sensor positioned at the position of the mattress 5i, j;

(f) The host processor 8 draws a waveform diagram of the upper trunk part breathing mode and the signals of the sleeping behaviors relative to time, marks the sleeping behavior generation time correspondingly on the waveform diagram, and the waveform corresponding to the time when the sleeping behaviors are not generated is the signals of the upper trunk part breathing mode; generally, the waveform is in a relatively stable, sustained state in frequency and amplitude, and when there is a problem with the user's breathing, the waveform assumes an unstable state. For example, when an apnea syndrome patient experiences an apnea during sleep, the time of a single breath is prolonged and the respiratory rate is reduced.

(g) The host processor 8 analyzes the waveform of the upper torso part breathing pattern signal, marks the apnea event, records and determines the breathing condition by using the duration of a single breathing cycle, the total number of apneas and the duration thereof, the apnea index, the apnea rate and the time node index of the occurrence of the apneas, wherein the apnea index is the ratio of the total time of the apneas to the total number of the apneas, and the apnea rate is the ratio of the total time of the apneas to the total time of the sleep.

Further, the step of determining the out-of-bed condition by the host processor 8 further comprises:

(h) The host processor 8 calculates the total indentation displacement D of the human-bed interface _t And total indentation area S _t When the time is zero, the bed is determined to be separated;

the host processor 8 calculates the total indentation displacement D of the human-bed interface _t And total indentation area S _t When the pressure is greater than zero, determining to return to the bed;

(i) The host processor 8 records the bed leaving time, records and utilizes the total number of times of the bed leaving, the total time of the bed leaving, the single bed leaving time, the bed leaving index, the bed leaving rate and the time node index of the bed leaving behavior to determine the bed leaving condition, wherein the bed leaving index is the ratio of the total time of the bed leaving to the total number of times of the bed leaving, the bed leaving rate is the ratio of the total time of the bed leaving to the total sleeping time, and the host processor 8 judges that the time of the bed leaving overtime can automatically alarm. The bed leaving is generally the conditions of thirsty, night taking and the like of the old, the bed leaving behavior not only affects the sleeping quality of the old, but also is closely related to the physiological condition of the old, and can be used as one of indexes for reflecting the physiological problems of the old.

It should be noted that, because of the special physiological state, the elderly is easy to accident during the night, and timely rescue can effectively avoid the elderly from being hurt to a deeper degree. The guardian can judge the normal out-of-bed time range according to the home conditions, including the distance between the bathroom and the bedroom, the action speed of the old, and the like, and the out-of-bed alarm system is arranged according to the normal out-of-bed time range. Taking 20 minutes as an example, setting a bed leaving alarm system to obtain the bed leaving time and the alarm record according to time sequence.

In a specific implementation, sleep quality and sleep health analysis may be performed by the steps of:

a: when a sleeper lies on the mattress, the mattress is compressed and deformed under the action of gravity of a human body, the mattress transmits compression amount information to the linear synchronous sensor, and the host processor collects and identifies relevant information of the linear synchronous sensor through the information collector and then performs statistics summarization on action behaviors such as sleeping postures and the like of the user in the sleeping process;

b: the sleep action behavior mode is evaluated by indexes such as total action amount (total event amount), total action time (total event duration), turning-over times, number of occurrences of a dead piece exceeding 10 minutes, number of occurrences of a dead piece exceeding 20 minutes, number of occurrences of a dead piece exceeding 30 minutes, holding time of each sleeping posture, time distribution of each sleeping posture, number of times of getting out of bed, time and the like;

C: the sleep quality is evaluated through the behavior mode, and the action actions are too frequent or the number of the non-moving pieces is too small, so that the sleep quality is poor, and whether the actions are frequent or not can be reflected through the total action amount, the total action time and the like; the times and time of getting out of the bed can reflect the physiological condition of the old people to a certain extent, and if the times of getting out of the bed are more or the time is longer (external factors such as home environment are eliminated), the user may have certain physiological problems, and the guardian can be reminded to take the old people regularly for physical examination;

d: finally, according to sleep state records such as sleep behaviors, breathing conditions, bed leaving time and the like of the old, the sleep quality of the old is evaluated, and health sleep auxiliary treatment advice is provided by combining an ergonomic theory and health sleep research.

The monitoring information, the sleep quality and the sleep health analysis report of the embodiment can be fed back to the mobile phone APP, the records of the sleep behavior, the breathing condition and the off-bed condition can be checked through the mobile phone, and the evaluation report and the treatment suggestion can be checked through the APP in real time.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The nursing bed capable of monitoring the sleeping behaviors and states of the old is characterized by comprising a bed screen (1), a bed underframe (2), a rib frame (3), a mattress (5), a plurality of linear synchronous sensors (6), an information collector (7), a host processor (8) and a mobile phone (9);

the bed screen (1) is fixed at one end of the bed underframe (2), and the bed underframe (2) is provided with a row framework (3) and a mattress (5) in a matching way from bottom to top in sequence; the surface of the mattress (5) is provided with luminous fabric, and the plurality of linear synchronous inductors (6) are uniformly arranged in a left-right partition mode in the mattress (5) to form a linear synchronous inductor matrix; the linear synchronous sensor matrix collects electromotive force variation in use states at the left side and the right side, continuously collected electromotive force variation is transmitted to the host processor (8) through the information collector (7), the host processor (8) calculates the electromotive force variation to count out human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, sleep behaviors, breathing conditions and bed leaving time are monitored through analyzing the human-bed interface collapse amount matrix information, monitoring information is transmitted to the mobile phone (9), and when abnormal information is monitored, the host processor (8) gives an alarm; the surface luminous fabric of the mattress (5) is controlled to emit light or darken when the old is at night or sleeps at night;

The rib frame (3) comprises a steel frame (31) and a plurality of bamboo rib strips (32) arranged in the steel frame (31), each bamboo rib strip (32) comprises two or three layers of bamboo shrapnel (329), two metal sleeve heads (321) sleeved at two ends of the two or three layers of bamboo shrapnels (329) and a hardness adjusting device connected to the bottoms of the two metal sleeve heads (321), and the hardness adjusting device is used for adjusting pressure when the surfaces of the two or three layers of bamboo shrapnels (329) are stressed;

the hardness adjusting device comprises a supporting base (325), a movable sliding block (326), a metal supporting block (327), an elastic metal round bar (324) and a supporting rod (323); the bottoms of the two metal sleeve heads (321) are respectively connected with two supporting rods (323), and each two supporting rods (323) are clamped at two sides of one end of the supporting base (325) and fixed with the two sides; two metal supporting blocks (327) are fixedly sleeved in the middle of the supporting base (325), two movable sliding blocks (326) are respectively sleeved on one end of the outer side of the two metal supporting blocks (327) opposite to the supporting base (325) in a sliding manner, the elastic metal round bars (324) are specifically four perforated holes (3271) which are respectively clung to the two sides of the supporting base (325) and sequentially penetrate through the metal supporting blocks (327) and perforated holes (3262) of the movable sliding blocks (326) are fixedly connected with perforated holes (3231) at the bottoms of supporting rods (323) at the corresponding sides, the supporting rods (323) are fixedly connected with the perforated holes (3271) of the metal supporting blocks (327), and the supporting rods (323) are slidably connected with the perforated holes (3262) of the movable sliding blocks (326);

The mattress (5) comprises a bedding layer, a core layer (53) and a fabric composite layer (51) wrapping the bedding layer and the core layer (53).

2. The nursing bed capable of monitoring sleeping behavior and status of old people according to claim 1, characterized in that the support base (325) is provided with graduation marks (328) within the sliding range of the movable slider (326); the movable sliding block (326) is provided with a bolt (3261), the movable sliding block (326) moves left and right on the supporting base (325) through loosening the bolt (3261), and the movable sliding block (326) is fixed on the supporting base (325) by screwing the bolt (3261), so that the hardness of the nursing bed is adjusted; the novel bamboo sleeve is characterized by further comprising a bamboo inserting piece (322), wherein two holes (3211) with grooves (3212) are formed in parallel at the upper end of the metal sleeve head (321) and are used for directly fixing three layers of bamboo elastic pieces (329), or a bayonet (3221) of the bamboo inserting piece (322) is placed in the grooves (3212) of the holes (3211) and is used for fixing two layers of bamboo elastic pieces (329); the steel frame (31) comprises an outer frame (311) and a vertical support (312) connected to the middle of the outer frame (311), wherein the plurality of bamboo ribs (32) are divided into two rows through the vertical support (312) and are uniformly arranged in the outer frame (311), the vertical support (312) and the outer frame (311) are respectively provided with a jack (313) for connecting the bamboo ribs on the corresponding end faces of the bamboo ribs (32), and rabbets (3251) matched with the jacks (313) are arranged at two ends of the bamboo ribs (32).

3. Nursing bed capable of monitoring the sleeping behaviour and status of elderly according to claim 1, characterized in that said fabric composite layer (51) comprises an outer fabric (511), a sponge material (512), an inner fabric (513); the outer fabric (511) is a luminous fabric, and the host processor (8) controls the luminous fabric to emit light or darken; the inner surface fabric (513) is a knitted fabric; the sponge material (512) is filled between the outer fabric (511) and the inner fabric (513), and the outer fabric (511) and the inner fabric (513) are directly fixedly connected through quilting; the upper paving layer (52 a) and the lower paving layer (52 b) are respectively filled with memory cotton, latex sponge and polyurethane sponge filling materials (521) from top to bottom, and the thickness of the upper paving layer (52 a) is larger than that of the lower paving layer (52 b); the core layer (53) is a foam sponge block or a latex sponge block (531) which is coated with a plurality of rows of high-low spring packs; each high-low spring pack is a non-woven fabric (5321) wrapping the high-low springs (5322), and the high-low springs (5322) specifically comprise a large spring (532 a) which is vertically arranged and two small springs (532 b) which are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the large spring, and a gap is formed between the two small springs (532 b); and a linear synchronous sensor matrix is fixed in the fabric composite layer (51).

4. A method of monitoring with a care bed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 for monitoring the sleeping behaviour and status of elderly persons, comprising the steps of:

s1, transmitting electromotive force variation quantities in use states of the left side and the right side which are continuously acquired to a host processor (8) through an information acquisition device (7) by a linear synchronous sensor matrix;

s2, the host processor (8) processes the electromotive force variation, wherein the host processor (8) calculates and analyzes the collapse displacement of each region, the collapse area of each region, the ratio of the collapse displacement and the ratio of the collapse area of the mattress (5) to determine sleeping behaviors;

s3, a host processor (8) determines the breathing situation by calculating and analyzing the sum of the derivative of the electromotive force output by the linear synchronous sensor matrix on the mattress (5) to the relative time;

s4, the host processor (8) determines the out-of-bed condition by calculating and analyzing the total collapse displacement and the total collapse area of the human-bed interface.

5. The method for monitoring a nursing bed according to claim 4, characterized in that the calculation formula of converting the electromotive force variation of the linear synchronous sensor (6) into the displacement amount by the host processor (8) is as follows:

The displacement function Dx _i ,x _j The method comprises the following steps:

wherein E is electromotive force; k is an electromagnetic coupling coefficient; x is displacement; w is the winding pitch; u (U) _m And w is the amplitude and frequency of the excitation voltage; dx (Dx) _i ,x _j Is the displacement of the linear synchronous sensor (6) at the position of the mattress (5) (i, j); e (x) _i ,x _j ) Is the output electromotive force of a linear synchronous sensor (6) positioned at the position of a mattress (5) (i, j);

the host processor (8) composes the calculated displacement amounts of the plurality of linear synchronous sensors into a human-bed interface collapse displacement amount matrix and stores the matrix, and the host processor (8) processes the human-bed interface collapse displacement amount matrix to obtain sleeping behaviors, breathing conditions and bed leaving conditions.

6. The method of monitoring a care bed according to claim 5, wherein the step of determining sleep behaviour by the host processor (8) comprises:

(a) The information collector (7) collects the electromotive force variation of the linear synchronous sensor (6) below the pillow and transmits the electromotive force variation to the host processor (8), and the host processor (8) calculates and obtains the collapse displacement A of the pillow on the mattress (5);

(b) The host processor (8) calculates the collapse displacement of each region of the mattress (5), the collapse area of each region, the ratio of the collapse displacement and the ratio of the collapse area, wherein the collapse displacement of each region of the mattress (5) is the calf collapse displacement D _L Displacement D of lateral asymmetric collapse _c And absolute value D of lateral asymmetric collapse displacement _c The lateral asymmetric collapse displacement D _c The total amount of the two sides of the symmetrical center curve formed after the shoulder, waist and buttocks are compressed is the difference, and the compressed area of each area of the mattress (5) is the total compressed area S _t Area S of lateral asymmetric depression _c And absolute value S of laterally asymmetric indentation area _c The ratio of the collapse displacement is the ratio R of the collapse displacement of the head and the buttocks _hh The head-hip depression displacement ratio R _hh The ratio of the total crush displacement of the head area and the total crush displacement of the buttocks area except the pillow is the ratio R of the crush area of the upper trunk to the crush area of the buttocks _th The ratio R of the compression area of the upper trunk and the buttocks _th Is the ratio of the sum of the shoulder and back and waist depression areas to the leg depression area;

absolute value D of the lateral asymmetric collapse displacement _c The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

the collapse area is obtained by calculating the collapse displacement Dx of each region _i ,x _j The sum of points larger than zero, and then judging the area size of the area generating the displacement:

When D (x) _i ,x _j )>At 0, S (x) _i ,x _j )＝K

When D (x) _i ,x _j ) When=0, S (x _i ,x _j )＝0

The total indentation area S _t The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

absolute value S of the laterally asymmetric indentation area _c The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

(c) Leg depression displacement D by Z score data standardization method _L Displacement D of lateral asymmetric collapse _c Absolute value D of lateral asymmetric collapse displacement _c Total indentation area S _t Area S of lateral asymmetric depression _c Absolute value S of laterally asymmetric indentation area _c Displacement ratio R of head and hip collapse _hh And upper torso-to-hip depression area ratio R _th Normalizing eight indexes to form feature vectors for identifying five sleeping postures of supine, left side lying, right side lying, rising sitting and backrest sitting, and calculating by using a support vector machine classifier pair by a host processor (8)Processing the obtained characteristic vector to identify sleeping gesture;

(d) After the main machine processor (8) recognizes the sleeping postures, judging and recording the holding time of each sleeping posture, the time distribution of the sleeping postures, the sleeping behavior generation time, the turning times and the times of occurrence of the non-moving sheet beyond the preset time, and determining the sleeping behavior.

7. The method of monitoring a care bed according to claim 6, wherein the step of determining a respiration situation by the host processor (8) further comprises:

(e) The host processor (8) calculates the sum f (t) of the derivative of the electromotive force to the relative time output by the linear synchronous sensor (6) on the mattress (5), and the peak value of each pulse wave of f (t) is a signal of the breathing mode and the sleeping action of the upper trunk part;

Wherein E (x) _i ,x _j ) Is the output electromotive force of a linear synchronous sensor positioned at the position of the mattress (5) (i, j);

(f) The host processor (8) draws a waveform diagram of the upper trunk part breathing mode and the signals of the sleeping behaviors relative to time, marks the sleeping behavior generation time correspondingly on the waveform diagram, and the waveform corresponding to the time when the sleeping behaviors are not generated is the signals of the upper trunk part breathing mode;

(g) The host processor (8) analyzes the waveform of the upper trunk breathing pattern signal, marks the breathing pause event, records and utilizes the duration of a single breathing cycle, the total number of breathing pauses and duration thereof, the breathing pause index, the breathing pause rate and the time node index of the breathing pause occurrence to determine the breathing situation, wherein the breathing pause index is the ratio of the total time of the breathing pause to the total number of the breathing pause, and the breathing pause rate is the ratio of the total time of the breathing pause to the total sleeping time.

8. The method of monitoring a care bed according to claim 6, wherein the step of determining an out-of-bed condition by the host processor (8) further comprises:

(h) The host processor (8) calculates the total indentation displacement D of the human-bed interface _t And total indentation area S _t When the time is zero, the bed is determined to be separated;

the host processor (8) calculates the total indentation displacement D of the human-bed interface _t And total indentation area S _t When the pressure is greater than zero, determining to return to the bed;

(i) The host processor (8) records the bed leaving time, records and utilizes the total number of times of the bed leaving, the total time of the bed leaving, the single bed leaving time, the bed leaving index, the bed leaving rate and the time node index of the bed leaving behavior to determine the bed leaving condition, wherein the bed leaving index is the ratio of the total time of the bed leaving to the total number of times of the bed leaving, the bed leaving rate is the ratio of the total time of the bed leaving to the total sleeping time, and the host processor (8) judges that the time of the bed leaving overtime can automatically alarm.