CN110640232A - Gear ring clamping machining method - Google Patents
Gear ring clamping machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110640232A CN110640232A CN201910973210.1A CN201910973210A CN110640232A CN 110640232 A CN110640232 A CN 110640232A CN 201910973210 A CN201910973210 A CN 201910973210A CN 110640232 A CN110640232 A CN 110640232A
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- block
- jaw
- swing
- annular workpiece
- annular
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F1/00—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface
- B23F1/04—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface by planing or slotting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
- B23F23/06—Chucking arrangements
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a gear ring clamping machining method which comprises the following steps: arranging a three-jaw chuck, wherein auxiliary supporting blocks extend horizontally outside jaws of the three-jaw chuck; driving the jaws of the three-jaw chuck to a minimum contracted state; hoisting the annular workpiece to the auxiliary supporting block, and driving each clamping jaw of the three-jaw chuck to tension the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece; removing the auxiliary supporting block from the outer end of the clamping jaw to ensure that the upper end space and the lower end space of the whole outer annular surface of the annular workpiece are communicated; planing the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece by using a planer; after the processing is finished, each clamping jaw of the three-jaw chuck is driven to contract for a stroke, and the clamping jaw is ensured not to be separated from the annular workpiece; the annular workpiece is lifted from the three-jaw chuck and transferred to a collection area. According to the invention, the horizontal supporting surface of the clamp is set to be a split structure, the supporting state is switched according to different requirements, the problem that the workpiece is difficult to position is ingeniously solved, and meanwhile, the clamp and the machining tool are prevented from interfering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a gear ring clamping machining method.
Background
The large-size gear ring is roughly machined by adopting a planing process generally, the gear ring is clamped on a three-jaw chuck in the machining process, in order to avoid interference of a planer tool caused by jaws, a horizontal supporting surface of each jaw cannot protrude out of a machining surface of the gear ring, the horizontal supporting surface of each jaw is required to be narrower than the width between the inner and outer annular surfaces of the gear ring, inconvenience is brought to clamping of the gear ring due to the excessively narrow horizontal supporting surface, the gear ring needs to be transferred to the three-jaw chuck by means of hoisting equipment in the clamping process, and due to the fact that the horizontal supporting surface of each jaw is narrow, an operator needs to hoist the gear ring to the center of the three-jaw chuck as far as possible to ensure that the gear ring is reliably lapped with each jaw, auxiliary adjustment is needed by manpower in the operation process, labor intensity is high, and machining efficiency is.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gear ring clamping machining method which can simplify the operation process and improve the machining efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gear ring clamping machining method comprises the following steps:
step 1: arranging a clamp, wherein the clamp comprises a three-jaw chuck, the outer side of a clamping jaw of the three-jaw chuck extends horizontally to form an auxiliary supporting block, and the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is larger than the radius of the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece; driving the jaws of the three-jaw chuck to a minimum contracted state;
step 2: a hoisting mechanism is arranged above the clamp, the hoisting mechanism is utilized to hoist the annular workpiece to the auxiliary supporting block, the axis of the annular workpiece does not need to be aligned with the axis of the three-jaw chuck, and only the clamping jaws of the three-jaw chuck are required to be sleeved in the annular workpiece;
and step 3: all the clamping jaws of the three-jaw chuck are driven to be opened outwards until all the clamping jaws tension the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece, and the annular workpiece is automatically coaxial with the three-jaw chuck under the pushing of all the clamping jaws;
and 4, step 4: removing the auxiliary supporting block from the outer end of the clamping jaw to ensure that the upper end space and the lower end space of the whole outer annular surface of the annular workpiece are communicated;
and 5: planing the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece by using a planer;
step 6: after the processing is finished, each clamping jaw of the three-jaw chuck is driven to contract for a stroke, and the clamping jaw is ensured not to be separated from the annular workpiece;
and 7: the ring-shaped workpiece is again lifted from the three-jaw chuck by means of the hoisting mechanism and transferred to a collection area.
The auxiliary supporting block comprises a swing block, the swing block is pivoted with the three-jaw chuck through two groups of swing rods arranged in parallel, and the swing block, the swing rods and the mounting disc jointly form a parallel four-bar mechanism.
The three-jaw chuck is also provided with a linkage adjusting mechanism for driving the auxiliary supporting block; the linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting block movably arranged on a clamping jaw, and the supporting block is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first station, the support block protrudes out of the bottom of the swing block; in the second station, the support block avoids the swing path of the swing block to enable the swing block to swing freely; the claw is provided with a trigger mechanism for driving the supporting block to move between the two stations, the trigger mechanism is assembled to drive the supporting block at the first station to the second station when the claw is in contact with the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece, and the trigger mechanism can drive the supporting block at the second station to the first station when the claw is separated from the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece.
The support block is pivoted with the clamping jaw, a guide wheel is arranged on the support block, and the axis of the guide wheel is parallel to the axis of the support block pivot; the trigger mechanism comprises a driving block which is arranged on the clamping jaws in a sliding mode along the direction parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck, an inclined surface is arranged on the driving block, the inclined surface and the guide wheel form rolling fit, when the driving block moves upwards, the inclined surface pushes the supporting block to swing to a horizontal posture, the supporting block is located at the first station, and the supporting block protrudes to the bottom of the swinging block and is connected with the bottom surface of the swinging block in a blocking mode; when the driving block moves downwards, the guide wheel can roll along the inclined surface, so that the support block falls back to a vertical state, the support block is positioned at the second station, and the support block avoids a swing path of the swing block; the upper end of the driving block protrudes out of the horizontal supporting surface of the clamping jaw, the end of the driving block is provided with an inclined guide surface, and the annular workpiece extrudes the inclined guide surface to enable the driving block to move downwards in the process that the clamping jaw is inserted into the bottom of the annular workpiece; and an elastic element for driving the driving block to move upwards is also arranged in the jaw.
The clamp is movably arranged along the vertical projection direction of the connecting line of the planer tool bit and the clamp center; after the annular workpiece is machined, the clamp firstly moves to one side far away from the planer for a stroke, so that the annular workpiece avoids the head of the planer in the vertical direction, and then the annular workpiece is hoisted by utilizing the hoisting mechanism.
The inner end of the swing block extends to the inner side of the jaw moving path, the inner end of the swing block is provided with a wedge surface, the inner end of the jaw is provided with a wedge driving surface, and when the jaw moves inwards in a translation mode, the wedge driving surface is abutted to the wedge surface and drives the swing block to lift upwards.
The elastic element is a pressure spring.
The distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is more than 1.2 times of the radius of the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece;
the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is 1.2-1.5 times of the radius of the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece.
The distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is 1.5 times of the radius of the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece.
The invention has the technical effects that: according to the invention, the horizontal supporting surface of the clamp is set to be a split structure, the supporting state is switched according to different requirements, the problem that the workpiece is difficult to position is ingeniously solved, and meanwhile, the clamp and the machining tool are prevented from interfering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of an outer ring gear machining apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an outer ring gear machining apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 3 and a sectional view of a variation thereof;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a clamp provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a clamp provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a jaw and pendulum block assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a perspective view of a trigger mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed. In the description of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation such as "inside" and "outside" are used according to the common usage and designation convention of a circular jig by those skilled in the art, that is, the direction toward the center of the jig is the inside, and the direction away from the center of the jig is the outside.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the external gear ring machining device comprises a hoisting mechanism 20, a clamp and a vertical planer 30, wherein the hoisting mechanism 20 is movably arranged along the horizontal direction, a lifting appliance reciprocating along the vertical direction is arranged on the hoisting mechanism 20, the clamp is positioned below the movable path of the hoisting mechanism 20, the vertical planer 30 is positioned beside the clamp, and the machine head of the vertical planer 30 protrudes to the edge above the clamp; as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the anchor clamps include mounting disc 10 to and follow the jack catch 11 that the radial activity of mounting disc 10 set up, jack catch 11 is equipped with three and each jack catch 11 at least and sets up along the even interval of mounting disc 10 circumference, jack catch 11 is including being used for supporting the vertical working face 111 of tight annular workpiece 1 inner wall to and be used for supporting the horizontal working face on 1 bottom surface of annular workpiece, the horizontal working face sets up along the radial outward protrusion of mounting disc 10 from vertical working face 111, and the length that the horizontal working face was radially outward protruding along mounting disc 10 is adjustable setting, mounting disc 10 rotates to set up and is equipped with in the frame and is used for driving mounting disc 10 pivoted drive unit in the frame. The horizontal supporting surface of the clamping jaw 11 of the traditional three-jaw chuck is set to be an adjustable structure, when a workpiece is placed, the horizontal supporting surface keeps a longer supporting area, so that the workpiece can be conveniently placed in a larger error range, and when a clamp clamps the workpiece, the horizontal supporting surface is changed into a shorter supporting area so as to avoid interference with a machining cutter; the invention reduces the operation difficulty of workpiece clamping, saves labor, improves the clamping efficiency and further improves the overall processing efficiency of the workpiece.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, a linkage adjusting mechanism for adjusting the length of the horizontal working surface protrusion is further provided on the mounting plate 10, and the linkage adjusting mechanism is assembled as follows: in the process that the clamping jaws 11 move along the radial direction of the mounting disc 10, when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a separated state, the protruding length of the horizontal working surface is larger than the width between the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the environmental workpiece, and when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a contact state, the protruding length of the horizontal working surface is smaller than the width between the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the fixture is provided with a fixed surface 112 and a movable surface 121, the fixed surface 112 and the movable surface 121 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction of the mounting disk 10, the fixed surface 112 is fixedly connected with the jaws 11, the movable surface 121 is assembled such that when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a separated state, the movable surface 121 and the fixed surface 112 are coplanar and butted, and both of the two surfaces jointly form the horizontal working surface, the horizontal working surface supports the whole bottom surface area of the annular workpiece 1, and when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a contact state, the movable surface 121 is removed from the outer end of the fixed surface 112, the fixed surface 112 independently forms the horizontal working surface, and at this time, the horizontal working surface only supports the inner end of the bottom surface of the annular workpiece 1, and the outer end of the bottom surface of. According to the invention, the horizontal supporting surface of the clamp is set to be a split structure, the supporting state is switched according to different requirements, the problem that the workpiece is difficult to position is ingeniously solved, and meanwhile, the clamp and the machining tool are prevented from interfering.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the movable surface 121 is a top surface of the swing block 12, the swing block 12 is pivotally connected to the mounting plate 10 through two sets of swing rods 122 arranged in parallel, and the swing block 12, the swing rods 122 and the mounting plate 10 together form a parallel four-bar linkage. The linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting block 132 movably arranged on the claw 11, and the supporting block 132 is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first working position, the support block 132 protrudes out of the bottom of the swing block 12 and supports the swing block 12 at a position where the movable surface 121 and the fixed surface 112 are flush; in the second station, the support block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12 to enable the swing block 12 to swing freely; the jaw 11 is provided with a trigger mechanism for driving the support block 132 to move between the two stations, the trigger mechanism is assembled to drive the support block 132 at the first station to the second station when the vertical working surface 111 contacts with the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1, and the trigger mechanism can drive the support block 132 at the second station to the first station when the vertical working surface 111 is separated from the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 8, the supporting block 132 is pivotally connected to the claw 11, a guide wheel 133 is disposed on the supporting block 132, and an axis of the guide wheel 133 is parallel to an axis of a pivot of the supporting block 132; the trigger mechanism comprises a driving block 13 which is arranged on the jaw 11 in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the mounting disc 10, an inclined surface 131 is arranged on the driving block 13, the inclined surface 131 and a guide wheel 133 form rolling fit, when the driving block 13 moves upwards, the inclined surface 131 pushes the support block 132 to swing to a horizontal posture, the support block 132 is located at the first station, and the support block 132 protrudes to the bottom of the swing block 12 and is connected with the bottom surface of the swing block 12 in a blocking mode; when the driving block 13 moves downwards, the guide wheel 133 can roll along the inclined surface 131, so that the supporting block 132 falls back to the vertical state, at the moment, the supporting block 132 is in the second station, and the supporting block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12; the upper end of the driving block 13 protrudes out of the fixing surface 112, and the end is provided with an inclined guide surface, and the annular workpiece 1 presses the inclined guide surface to enable the driving block 13 to descend in the process that the fixing surface 112 is inserted into the bottom of the annular workpiece 1; an elastic element 134 for driving the driving block 13 to move upwards is further arranged in the jaw 11, and preferably, the elastic element 134 is a compression spring. The invention realizes the linkage action of the swinging block 12 and the clamping jaw 11 by utilizing the linkage adjusting mechanism, when the clamping jaw 11 outwards tensions a workpiece, the linkage adjusting mechanism automatically removes the swinging block 12 from the outer end of the clamping jaw 11, thereby avoiding manual operation, further simplifying the operation process and improving the processing efficiency.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the jaws 11 are slidably disposed in sliding grooves radially formed in the mounting plate 10, tooth grooves 113 are formed in the bottoms of the jaws 11, a driving plate 14 is disposed below the mounting plate 10, the driving plate 14 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 10, a flat thread 15 is disposed on one side of the driving plate 14 opposite to the jaws 11, the flat thread 15 is engaged with the tooth grooves 113, tapered tooth surfaces 16 are disposed on one sides of the driving plate 14 and the jaws 11 facing away from each other, the tapered tooth surfaces 16 are in transmission fit with a bevel gear 17, and the bevel gear 17 is connected to a motor or a hand wheel.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the clamp is movably disposed along a vertical projection direction of a central connecting line between the planer tool bit and the clamp, specifically, the clamp is mounted on a sliding table 18, and the sliding table 18 is slidably disposed on a horizontal rail 19. After the annular workpiece 1 is machined, the clamp firstly moves one section of stroke to one side far away from the planer, so that the annular workpiece 1 avoids the head of the planer in the vertical direction, and then the hoisting mechanism 20 is used for hoisting the annular workpiece 1, so that the workpiece and the prop are prevented from being interfered.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the inner end of the swing block 12 extends to the inner side of the moving path of the claw 11, the inner end of the swing block 12 is provided with a wedge surface 123, the inner end of the claw 11 is provided with a wedge driving surface 114, and when the claw 11 translates radially inward along the mounting disc 10, the wedge driving surface 114 abuts against the wedge surface 123 and drives the swing block 12 to lift upward. After the workpiece is machined, the swing block 12 can be automatically lifted up again in the inward contraction process of the clamping jaws 11, so that the swing block 12 does not need to be reset manually, and the operation flow is further simplified.
The specific working principle of the invention is as follows:
in an initial state, the jaw 11 and the swing block 12 are as shown in fig. 4a, at this time, the jaw 11 is in a middle position of a stroke, the swing block 12 is flush with the jaw 11 and extends outwards, and the swing block 12 can provide a larger support area for a workpiece so as to facilitate blanking of the workpiece; during blanking, the workpiece does not need to be aligned with the clamp intentionally, and only the clamping jaws 11 are ensured to fall into the inner side of the workpiece completely; then the jaws 11 are driven to be tensioned outwards, the jaw 11 closest to the inner ring surface of the workpiece contacts with the workpiece first, at this time, the fixing surface 112 of the jaw 11 is inserted into the bottom of the workpiece, and then the driving block 13 is pressed downwards, as shown in fig. 4b, the support block 132 loses the support of the driving block 13 and swings downwards, and then the swinging block 12 swings downwards due to self gravity, so that the swinging block 12 is separated from the bottom surface of the workpiece, and a space is reserved for subsequent processing; meanwhile, the clamping jaws 11 push the workpiece to move towards the center of the clamp until the other two clamping jaws 11 are contacted with the workpiece, and the other two clamping jaws 11 are also extruded by the workpiece to enable the swing blocks 12 matched with the clamping jaws 11 to be separated from the bottom of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is accurately fixed; after the workpiece is machined, the jaw 11 firstly contracts for a stroke, but the workpiece is ensured not to be separated from the jaw 11, then the workpiece is hoisted by the hoisting mechanism 20 and transferred to a collection area, at this time, the driving block 13 is lifted, the support block 132 returns to a horizontal station, then the jaw 11 continuously contracts inwards, when the inner end of the jaw 11 is abutted against the inclined wedge surface 123 at the inner end of the swing block 12, the jaw 11 drives the swing block 12 to swing upwards, the swing block 12 can touch the support block 132 in a protruding state in the process, but at this time, the support block 132 has an upwards swinging space, as shown in fig. 4c, therefore, the support block 132 cannot block the swing block 12, when the swing block 12 crosses the support block 132, the jaw 11 moves outwards to the middle of the stroke, at this time, the swing block 12 falls back again and is overlapped on the support block 132, and the equipment returns to an initial station to wait for next clamping.
Example 2
A gear ring clamping machining method comprises the following steps:
step 1: arranging a clamp, wherein the clamp comprises a three-jaw chuck, an auxiliary supporting block horizontally extends from the outer side of a jaw 11 of the three-jaw chuck, and the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is greater than the radius of the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1; the jaws 11 of the three-jaw chuck are driven to a minimum contracted state;
step 2: a hoisting mechanism 20 is arranged above the clamp, the hoisting mechanism 20 is utilized to hoist the annular workpiece 1 to the auxiliary supporting block, the axis of the annular workpiece 1 does not need to be aligned with the axis of the three-jaw chuck, and only the clamping jaws 11 of the three-jaw chuck are required to be sleeved in the annular workpiece 1;
and step 3: each clamping jaw 11 of the three-jaw chuck is driven to be outwards opened until each clamping jaw 11 tensions the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece 1, and at the moment, the annular workpiece 1 is automatically coaxial with the three-jaw chuck under the pushing of each clamping jaw 11;
and 4, step 4: removing the auxiliary supporting block from the outer end of the clamping jaw 11 to ensure that the upper end space and the lower end space of the whole outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are communicated;
and 5: planing the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 by using a planer;
step 6: after the processing is finished, each clamping jaw 11 of the three-jaw chuck is driven to contract for a stroke, and the clamping jaws 11 are ensured not to be separated from the annular workpiece 1;
and 7: the ring-shaped workpiece 1 is again lifted from the three-jaw chuck by means of the hoisting means 20 and transferred to a collection area.
The auxiliary supporting block comprises a swing block 12, the swing block 12 is pivoted with the three-jaw chuck through two groups of swing rods 122 arranged in parallel, the swing block 12, the swing rods 122 and the mounting disc 10 jointly form a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism, and the three-jaw chuck in the embodiment is a combined body formed by the mounting disc 10, the clamping jaws 11 and the driving disc 14 in the embodiment 1.
The three-jaw chuck is also provided with a linkage adjusting mechanism for driving the auxiliary supporting block; the linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting block 132 movably arranged on the claw 11, and the supporting block 132 is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first station, the supporting block 132 protrudes from the bottom of the swing block 12; in the second station, the support block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12 to enable the swing block 12 to swing freely; the claw 11 is provided with a trigger mechanism for driving the supporting block 132 to move between the two stations, the trigger mechanism is assembled to drive the supporting block 132 at the first station to the second station when the claw 11 is in contact with the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece 1, and the trigger mechanism can drive the supporting block 132 at the second station to the first station when the claw 11 is separated from the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece 1.
The supporting block 132 is pivoted with the claw 11, a guide wheel 133 is arranged on the supporting block 132, and the axis of the guide wheel 133 is parallel to the axis of the pivot of the supporting block 132; the trigger mechanism comprises a driving block 13 which is arranged on the jaw 11 in a sliding mode along the direction parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck, an inclined surface 131 is arranged on the driving block 13, the inclined surface 131 and a guide wheel 133 form rolling fit, when the driving block 13 moves upwards, the inclined surface 131 pushes the support block 132 to swing to a horizontal posture, the support block 132 is located at the first station, and the support block 132 protrudes to the bottom of the swing block 12 and is connected with the bottom surface of the swing block 12 in a blocking mode; when the driving block 13 moves downwards, the guide wheel 133 can roll along the inclined surface 131, so that the supporting block 132 falls back to the vertical state, at the moment, the supporting block 132 is in the second station, and the supporting block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12; the upper end of the driving block 13 protrudes out of the horizontal supporting surface of the clamping jaw 11, and the end is provided with an inclined guiding surface, and the annular workpiece 1 extrudes the inclined guiding surface to enable the driving block 13 to descend in the process that the clamping jaw 11 is inserted into the bottom of the annular workpiece 1; an elastic element 134 for driving the driving block 13 to move upwards is also arranged in the jaw 11.
The clamp is movably arranged along the vertical projection direction of the connecting line of the planer tool bit and the clamp center; after the annular workpiece 1 is machined, the clamp firstly moves to one side away from the planer for a stroke, so that the annular workpiece 1 avoids the head of the planer in the vertical direction, and then the annular workpiece 1 is hoisted by the hoisting mechanism 20.
The inner end of the swing block 12 extends to the inner side of the movable path of the claw 11, the inner end of the swing block 12 is provided with a wedge surface 123, the inner end of the claw 11 is provided with a wedge driving surface 114, and when the claw 11 translates inwards, the wedge driving surface 114 is abutted to the wedge surface 123 and drives the swing block 12 to lift upwards.
The elastic element 134 is a compression spring.
The distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is more than 1.2 times of the radius of the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1;
preferably, the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is 1.2-1.5 times, preferably 1.5 times of the radius of the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1.
Example 3
The utility model provides an interior built-in ring member fast-assembling anchor clamps, includes mounting disc 10 to and follow the jack catch 11 that the radial activity of mounting disc 10 set up, jack catch 11 is equipped with three and each jack catch 11 at least and sets up along the even interval of mounting disc 10 circumference, jack catch 11 is including being used for supporting the vertical working face 111 of 1 inner wall of tight annular workpiece to and be used for supporting the horizontal working face of 1 bottom surface of annular workpiece, the horizontal working face sets up along the radial outward protrusion of mounting disc 10 from vertical working face 111, and the length that the horizontal working face radially outward protrusion was described along mounting disc 10 is adjustable setting.
The mounting plate 10 is also provided with a linkage adjusting mechanism for adjusting the protruding length of the horizontal working surface, and the linkage adjusting mechanism is assembled as follows: in the process that the clamping jaws 11 move along the radial direction of the mounting disc 10, when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a separated state, the protruding length of the horizontal working surface is larger than the width between the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the environmental workpiece, and when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a contact state, the protruding length of the horizontal working surface is smaller than the width between the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1.
The fixture is provided with a fixed surface 112 and a movable surface 121, the fixed surface 112 and the movable surface 121 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction of the mounting disc 10, the fixed surface 112 is fixedly connected with the clamping jaws 11 relatively, the movable surface 121 is assembled in a way that when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a separated state, the movable surface 121 and the fixed surface 112 are coplanar and butted, and the fixed surface and the movable surface 112 jointly form the horizontal working surface, the horizontal working surface supports the whole bottom surface area of the annular workpiece 1 at the moment, when the vertical working surface 111 and the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a contact state, the movable surface 121 is removed from the outer end of the fixed surface 112, the fixed surface 112 independently forms the horizontal working surface, at the moment, the horizontal working surface only supports the inner end of the bottom surface of the annular workpiece 1, and the.
The movable surface 121 is the top surface of the swing block 12, the swing block 12 is pivotally connected to the mounting plate 10 through two sets of swing rods 122 arranged in parallel, and the swing block 12, the swing rods 122 and the mounting plate 10 together form a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism.
The linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting block 132 movably arranged on the claw 11, and the supporting block 132 is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first working position, the support block 132 protrudes out of the bottom of the swing block 12 and supports the swing block 12 at a position where the movable surface 121 and the fixed surface 112 are flush; in the second station, the support block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12 to enable the swing block 12 to swing freely; the jaw 11 is provided with a trigger mechanism for driving the support block 132 to move between the two stations, the trigger mechanism is assembled to drive the support block 132 at the first station to the second station when the vertical working surface 111 contacts with the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1, and the trigger mechanism can drive the support block 132 at the second station to the first station when the vertical working surface 111 is separated from the inner annular surface of the annular workpiece 1.
The supporting block 132 is pivoted with the claw 11, a guide wheel 133 is arranged on the supporting block 132, and the axis of the guide wheel 133 is parallel to the axis of the pivot of the supporting block 132; the trigger mechanism comprises a driving block 13 which is arranged on the jaw 11 in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the mounting disc 10, an inclined surface 131 is arranged on the driving block 13, the inclined surface 131 and a guide wheel 133 form rolling fit, when the driving block 13 moves upwards, the inclined surface 131 pushes the support block 132 to swing to a horizontal posture, the support block 132 is located at the first station, and the support block 132 protrudes to the bottom of the swing block 12 and is connected with the bottom surface of the swing block 12 in a blocking mode; when the driving block 13 moves downwards, the guide wheel 133 can roll along the inclined surface 131, so that the supporting block 132 falls back to the vertical state, at the moment, the supporting block 132 is in the second station, and the supporting block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12; the upper end of the driving block 13 protrudes out of the fixing surface 112, and the end is provided with an inclined guide surface, and the annular workpiece 1 presses the inclined guide surface to enable the driving block 13 to descend in the process that the fixing surface 112 is inserted into the bottom of the annular workpiece 1; an elastic element 134 for driving the driving block 13 to move upwards is further arranged in the jaw 11, and the elastic element 134 is a compression spring.
The claw 11 is arranged in a sliding groove formed in the mounting disc 10 in a sliding mode along the radial direction, a tooth groove 113 is formed in the bottom of the claw 11, a driving disc 14 is arranged below the mounting disc 10, the driving disc 14 is connected with the mounting disc 10 in a rotating mode, a plane thread 15 is arranged on one side, opposite to the claw 11, of the driving disc 14, the plane thread 15 is meshed with the tooth groove 113, a tapered tooth surface 16 is arranged on one side, back to back, of the driving disc 14 and the claw 11, the tapered tooth surface 16 is in transmission fit with a bevel gear 17, and the bevel gear 17 is connected with a.
The inner end of the swing block 12 extends to the inner side of the movable path of the claw 11, the inner end of the swing block 12 is provided with a wedge surface 123, the inner end of the claw 11 is provided with a wedge driving surface 114, and when the claw 11 moves inwards along the radial direction of the mounting disc 10, the wedge driving surface 114 is abutted to the wedge surface 123 and drives the swing block 12 to lift upwards.
Example 4
The utility model provides an adorn formula annular member fast-assembling anchor clamps outward, includes mounting disc 10 to and follow the jack catch 11 of the radial activity setting of mounting disc 10, jack catch 11 is equipped with three and each jack catch 11 at least and evenly sets up along the interval of mounting disc 10 circumference, jack catch 11 is including being used for supporting the vertical working face 111 of 1 outer wall of annular work piece to and be used for supporting the horizontal working face on 1 bottom surface of annular work piece, the horizontal working face is from vertical working face 111 along the radial inside protruding setting of mounting disc 10, and the length that the horizontal working face radially inwards protrudes along mounting disc 10 is adjustable setting.
The mounting plate 10 is also provided with a linkage adjusting mechanism for adjusting the protruding length of the horizontal working surface, and the linkage adjusting mechanism is assembled as follows: in the process that the clamping jaws 11 move along the radial direction of the mounting disc 10, when the vertical working surface 111 and the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a separated state, the protruding length of the horizontal working surface is larger than the width between the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the environmental workpiece, and when the vertical working surface 111 and the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a contact state, the protruding length of the horizontal working surface is smaller than the width between the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece 1.
The fixture is provided with a fixed surface 112 and a movable surface 121, the fixed surface 112 and the movable surface 121 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction of the mounting disc 10, the fixed surface 112 is fixedly connected with the clamping jaws 11, the movable surface 121 is assembled in a way that when the vertical working surface 111 and the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a separated state, the movable surface 121 and the fixed surface 112 are coplanar and butted, and the fixed surface and the movable surface form a horizontal working surface together, the horizontal working surface supports the whole bottom surface area of the annular workpiece 1, and when the vertical working surface 111 and the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece 1 are in a contact state, the movable surface 121 is removed from the inner end of the fixed surface 112, the fixed surface 112 independently forms the horizontal working surface, at the moment, the horizontal working surface only supports the outer end of the bottom surface of the annular workpiece 1, and the inner end of the.
The movable surface 121 is the top surface of the swing block 12, the swing block 12 is pivotally connected to the mounting plate 10 through two sets of swing rods 122 arranged in parallel, and the swing block 12, the swing rods 122 and the mounting plate 10 together form a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism; the linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting block 132 movably arranged on the claw 11, and the supporting block 132 is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first working position, the support block 132 protrudes out of the bottom of the swing block 12 and supports the swing block 12 at a position where the movable surface 121 and the fixed surface 112 are flush; in the second station, the support block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12 to enable the swing block 12 to swing freely; the claw 11 is provided with a trigger mechanism for driving the supporting block 132 to move between the two stations, the trigger mechanism is assembled to drive the supporting block 132 at the first station to the second station when the vertical working surface 111 is in contact with the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece 1, and drive the supporting block 132 at the second station to the first station when the vertical working surface 111 is separated from the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece 1; the supporting block 132 is pivoted with the claw 11, a guide wheel 133 is arranged on the supporting block 132, and the axis of the guide wheel 133 is parallel to the axis of the pivot of the supporting block 132; the trigger mechanism comprises a driving block 13 which is arranged on the jaw 11 in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the mounting disc 10, an inclined surface 131 is arranged on the driving block 13, the inclined surface 131 and a guide wheel 133 form rolling fit, when the driving block 13 moves upwards, the inclined surface 131 pushes the support block 132 to swing to a horizontal posture, the support block 132 is located at the first station, and the support block 132 protrudes to the bottom of the swing block 12 and is connected with the bottom surface of the swing block 12 in a blocking mode; when the driving block 13 moves downwards, the guide wheel 133 can roll along the inclined surface 131, so that the supporting block 132 falls back to the vertical state, at the moment, the supporting block 132 is in the second station, and the supporting block 132 avoids the swing path of the swing block 12; the upper end of the driving block 13 protrudes out of the fixing surface 112, and the end is provided with an inclined guide surface, and the annular workpiece 1 presses the inclined guide surface to enable the driving block 13 to descend in the process that the fixing surface 112 is inserted into the bottom of the annular workpiece 1; an elastic element 134 for driving the driving block 13 to move upwards is also arranged in the jaw 11.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention. Structures, devices, and methods of operation not specifically described or illustrated herein are generally practiced in the art without specific recitation or limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A gear ring clamping machining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: arranging a clamp, wherein the clamp comprises a three-jaw chuck, an auxiliary supporting block horizontally extends from the outer side of a jaw (11) of the three-jaw chuck, and the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is greater than the radius of the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece (1); driving the jaws (11) of the three-jaw chuck to a minimum contracted state;
step 2: a hoisting mechanism (20) is arranged above the clamp, the hoisting mechanism (20) is utilized to hoist the annular workpiece (1) to the auxiliary supporting block, the axis of the annular workpiece (1) is not aligned with the axis of the three-jaw chuck, and only the clamping jaws (11) of the three-jaw chuck are required to be sleeved in the annular workpiece (11);
and step 3: each clamping jaw (11) of the three-jaw chuck is driven to open outwards until each clamping jaw (11) tensions the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece (1), and at the moment, the annular workpiece (11) is automatically coaxial with the three-jaw chuck under the pushing of each clamping jaw (11);
and 4, step 4: removing the auxiliary supporting block from the outer end of the clamping jaw (11) to ensure that the upper end space and the lower end space of the whole outer annular surface of the annular workpiece (1) are communicated;
and 5: planing the outer ring surface of the annular workpiece (1) by using a planer;
step 6: after the processing is finished, each clamping jaw (11) of the three-jaw chuck is driven to contract for a stroke, and the clamping jaws (11) are ensured not to be separated from the annular workpiece (1);
and 7: the annular workpiece (1) is lifted from the three-jaw chuck again by means of a lifting device (20) and transferred to a collection area.
2. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary supporting block comprises a swing block (12), the swing block (12) is pivoted with the three-jaw chuck through two groups of swing rods (122) which are arranged in parallel, and the swing block (12), the swing rods (122) and the mounting disc (10) jointly form a parallel four-bar mechanism.
3. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the three-jaw chuck is also provided with a linkage adjusting mechanism for driving the auxiliary supporting block; the linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting block (132) movably arranged on the clamping jaw (11), and the supporting block (132) is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first station, the support block (132) protrudes out of the bottom of the swing block (12); in the second station, the support block (132) avoids the swing path of the swing block (12) to enable the swing block (12) to swing freely; the clamping jaw (11) is provided with a trigger mechanism for driving the supporting block (132) to move between the two stations, the trigger mechanism is assembled to drive the supporting block (132) in the first station to the second station when the clamping jaw (11) is in contact with the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece (1), and the trigger mechanism can drive the supporting block (132) in the second station to the first station when the clamping jaw (11) is separated from the inner ring surface of the annular workpiece (1).
4. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the support block (132) is pivoted with the clamping jaw (11), a guide wheel (133) is arranged on the support block (132), and the axis of the guide wheel (133) is parallel to the axis of the pivot of the support block (132); the trigger mechanism comprises a driving block (13) which is arranged on the jaw (11) in a sliding mode along a direction parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck, an inclined surface (131) is arranged on the driving block (13), the inclined surface (131) and a guide wheel (133) form rolling fit, when the driving block (13) moves upwards, the inclined surface (131) pushes the support block (1321) to swing to a horizontal posture, the support block (132) is located at the first station, and the support block (132) protrudes to the bottom of the swing block (12) and is connected with the bottom surface of the swing block (12) in a blocking mode; when the driving block (13) moves downwards, the guide wheel (133) can roll along the inclined surface (131) so as to enable the support block (132) to fall back to a vertical state, the support block (132) is located at the second station, and the support block (132) avoids the swing path of the swing block (12); the upper end of the driving block (13) protrudes out of the horizontal supporting surface of the clamping jaw (11), and the end is provided with an inclined guide surface, and the annular workpiece (1) extrudes the inclined guide surface to enable the driving block (13) to descend in the process that the clamping jaw (11) is inserted into the bottom of the annular workpiece (1); an elastic element (134) for driving the driving block (13) to move upwards is further arranged in the jaw (11).
5. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the clamp is movably arranged along the vertical projection direction of the connecting line of the planer tool bit and the clamp center; after the annular workpiece (1) is machined, the clamp firstly moves to one side far away from the planer for a stroke, so that the annular workpiece (1) avoids the head of the planer in the vertical direction, and then the annular workpiece (1) is hoisted by the hoisting mechanism (20).
6. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the inner end of the swing block (12) extends to the inner side of a movable path of the jaw (11), the inner end of the swing block (12) is provided with a wedge surface (123), the inner end of the jaw (11) is provided with a wedge driving surface (114), and when the jaw (11) translates inwards, the wedge driving surface (114) is abutted to the wedge surface (123) and drives the swing block (12) to lift upwards.
7. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the elastic element (134) is a compression spring.
8. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is larger than 1.2 times of the radius of the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece (1).
9. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is 1.2-1.5 times of the radius of the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece (1).
10. The gear ring clamping machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance from the outer end of the auxiliary supporting block to the center of the three-jaw chuck is 1.5 times of the radius of the outer annular surface of the annular workpiece (1).
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| CN201910973210.1A CN110640232B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Gear ring clamping machining method |
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| CN201910973210.1A CN110640232B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Gear ring clamping machining method |
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| CN110640232B CN110640232B (en) | 2020-09-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112122712A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-25 | 芜湖东光大华机械制造有限公司 | Gear hobbing device for gear ring production |
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| CN201848609U (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-06-01 | 中国有色(沈阳)泵业有限公司 | Device for machining ultra-large gear |
| CN104325200A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | Fixture for gear shaping on thin-wall outer gear ring |
| KR101934555B1 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-02 | 이종엽 | Gear manufacturing apparatus |
| CN208467436U (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-02-05 | 河北科鑫螺旋齿轮有限公司 | A kind of novel gear shapping machine |
| CN208913291U (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-05-31 | 南京传仕重工科技有限公司 | Gear shapping machine is used in a kind of production of reducer gear |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO1990015685A1 (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1990-12-27 | Varinelli S.P.A. | Broaching machine |
| CN201848609U (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-06-01 | 中国有色(沈阳)泵业有限公司 | Device for machining ultra-large gear |
| CN104325200A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | Fixture for gear shaping on thin-wall outer gear ring |
| CN208467436U (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-02-05 | 河北科鑫螺旋齿轮有限公司 | A kind of novel gear shapping machine |
| KR101934555B1 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-02 | 이종엽 | Gear manufacturing apparatus |
| CN208913291U (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-05-31 | 南京传仕重工科技有限公司 | Gear shapping machine is used in a kind of production of reducer gear |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112122712A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-25 | 芜湖东光大华机械制造有限公司 | Gear hobbing device for gear ring production |
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|---|---|
| CN110640232B (en) | 2020-09-18 |
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Effective date of registration: 20200825 Address after: No.51 Renmin Road, Jinxi Town, Taihu County, Anqing City, Anhui Province Applicant after: Anqing Zhongju Electromechanical Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 1088, Fuyang North Road, Luyang Industrial Park, Luyang District, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230000 Applicant before: Changfeng Wudao Intelligent Photoelectric Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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