CN110631547B - Roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN110631547B CN110631547B CN201910916916.4A CN201910916916A CN110631547B CN 110631547 B CN110631547 B CN 110631547B CN 201910916916 A CN201910916916 A CN 201910916916A CN 110631547 B CN110631547 B CN 110631547B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
Abstract
The invention discloses a roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things, which comprises: the system comprises a geographic coordinate position acquisition device, a data processing platform and a monitoring and early warning platform; the geographical coordinate position acquisition device acquires the geographical position coordinates of the currently monitored roadbed; the data acquisition device acquires roadbed initial information data and roadbed deformation information data of the monitoring position; the data processing platform receives the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data and the roadbed deformation information data through the wireless module, and obtains roadbed deformation data and a roadbed deformation curve of the monitoring position according to the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data, the roadbed deformation information data and the roadbed design data information data; and the monitoring and early warning platform monitors the current monitored roadbed according to the roadbed deformation data and the roadbed deformation curve and outputs a judgment result, and the monitoring and early warning platform outputs or does not output an early warning signal according to the judgment result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things, in particular to the roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things, which does not need to be pre-buried before roadbed filling and is flexible in arrangement and high in applicability.
Background
The high-speed railway subgrade is used as a supporting foundation of the track, and the post-construction settlement control of the subgrade is an important guarantee for the smoothness and long-term service performance of the line. The existing roadbed construction adopts layered filling and placing, ensures that most roadbed settlement can be completed in a construction period, and reduces post-construction settlement generated after the track is paved on a line as much as possible. Post-construction settlement is an important cause of line irregularity and damage to the track structure, and the maintenance workload and cost of the line are greatly increased. Generally, the slower the roadbed filling speed is, the shorter the settlement stabilizing time after filling is relatively reached, and the smaller the settlement after construction is; on the contrary, the larger the post-construction settlement is, the more the track laying and the later operation and maintenance of the line are not facilitated. Meanwhile, when high subgrade filling construction is carried out on a soft foundation, the excessively fast filling speed easily causes larger subgrade settlement, and the subgrade is deformed and unstable. Therefore, the roadbed filling speed and the standing time not only determine the roadbed quality, but also have important influence on the planning of the construction period.
In the process of layered filling of the subgrade, the settling time of the subgrade is obviously different under the restriction of the type of the subgrade, the type of the filler and the construction conditions, and the interval time of layered placement of the subgrade is greatly uncertain. At present, roadbed filling construction takes roadbed deformation rate at the center and the toe of a roadbed as a main judgment basis of filling speed and placement time interval. The deformation of the railway subgrade is stable and the time period for meeting the track laying condition is longer.
The existing roadbed settlement monitoring technology adopts two types of methods:
firstly, a displacement observation pile and a settlement plate are installed at a roadbed section monitoring part, and a technician adopts a total station or a level gauge to collect deformation data generated by the settlement plate or the displacement observation pile along with the roadbed settlement in the roadbed filling process. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision and low cost, and is the most widely used roadbed settlement monitoring method at present. However, the method needs manual operation of measuring equipment to collect monitoring data, the workload is large in the settlement monitoring period, the data collection frequency is low, and accurate prediction of post-construction settlement and judgment of roadbed deformation stability time are difficult. When the method is used for monitoring the settlement at the center of the roadbed, the heights of the prism (leveling rod) and the total station (level gauge) cannot be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode along with the settlement of the roadbed, the total station cannot receive laser beams reflected by the prism due to the fact that obstacles (such as road shoulders) are shielded, and the position and the height of the survey station need to be adjusted manually continuously in the monitoring process. Particularly, when a high subgrade is filled on a soft foundation, the measurement is more difficult when the settlement generated by the subgrade is large. And the total station or the level gauge is adopted for carrying out roadbed settlement monitoring, so that the workload is large, the data acquisition frequency is low, the time node of roadbed deformation stability is difficult to accurately forecast, the construction period delay or 'construction period overtime' type centralized filling is caused, and the roadbed filling quality is reduced. In particular, railway subgrades in Qinghai-Tibet plateau areas are restricted by low-temperature and high-altitude environments, monitoring data acquisition points are seriously insufficient, the acquisition frequency is too low, and whether subgrade deformation meets the construction and operation requirements cannot be accurately judged.
Secondly, the GPS satellite positioning system monitors the subgrade settlement deformation, and the method has the advantages of small manual workload and high data acquisition frequency. The method has the defects that the elevation error of the GPS is large and usually reaches more than 0.3m, and the accuracy requirement of roadbed settlement monitoring is difficult to meet.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things, which overcomes the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things, which comprises:
the geographical coordinate position acquisition device is used for acquiring the geographical position coordinates of the currently monitored roadbed;
the data acquisition device is used for acquiring roadbed initial information data and roadbed deformation information data of the monitoring position in real time;
the data processing platform receives the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data and the roadbed deformation information data in real time through a wireless module, and obtains roadbed deformation data and a roadbed deformation curve of the monitoring position according to the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data, the roadbed deformation information data and roadbed design information data;
and the monitoring and early warning platform monitors the current monitored roadbed according to the roadbed deformation data and the roadbed deformation curve and outputs a judgment result, and the monitoring and early warning platform outputs or does not output an early warning signal according to the judgment result.
The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things is characterized in that the monitoring position comprises: the center position of the roadbed, the position of the road shoulder and the position of the roadbed slope toe.
The aforesaid road bed monitoring and early warning system based on thing networking, wherein, data acquisition device includes:
the first displacement observation upright post is arranged at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed;
the second displacement observation upright post is arranged at the position of the road shoulder;
the third displacement observation upright post is arranged at the center of the roadbed;
the first pull rope type displacement sensor is used for acquiring and outputting the initial length of the measuring rope at the slope toe position of the roadbed and the length of the measuring rope after deformation;
the measuring rope of the second pull rope type displacement sensor is fixed on the second displacement observation upright post, and the second pull rope type displacement sensor collects and outputs the initial length of the measuring rope at the shoulder position and the length of the measuring rope after deformation;
a third pull rope type displacement sensor, wherein a measuring rope of the third pull rope type displacement sensor is fixed on the third displacement observation upright post, and the initial length of the measuring rope at the center of the roadbed and the deformed length of the measuring rope are collected and output;
the first angle instrument is arranged on a measuring rope of the first pull rope type displacement sensor and used for collecting and outputting an initial included angle value between the measuring rope at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed and the horizontal direction and a deformation included angle value at any moment caused by roadbed displacement;
and the second angle gauge is arranged on the measuring rope of the second pull rope type displacement sensor and is used for collecting and outputting the initial included angle value of the measuring rope at the shoulder position and the horizontal direction and the deformation included angle value at any moment caused by roadbed displacement.
The aforesaid road bed monitoring and early warning system based on thing networking, wherein, data processing platform passes through wireless module receives the initial length of measuring rope and the measuring rope of road bed slope foot position warp back length, the initial length of measuring rope and the measuring rope of road shoulder position warp back length, the initial length of measuring rope and the measuring rope of road bed central point position warp back length, the measuring rope and the initial contained angle value of horizontal direction of road bed slope foot position and the deformation contained angle value of arbitrary moment that the road bed displacement arouses and the initial contained angle value of road shoulder position and the deformation contained angle value of arbitrary moment that the road bed displacement arouses, data processing platform includes:
the database stores the roadbed design data information data;
the data processing unit is used for obtaining the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position according to the initial length and the deformed length of the measuring rope of the roadbed slope toe position, the initial included angle value of the measuring rope of the roadbed slope toe position in the horizontal direction and the deformed included angle value at any moment caused by the roadbed displacement;
the data processing unit further obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the road shoulder position according to the initial length of the measuring rope at the road shoulder position, the length of the measuring rope after deformation, the initial included angle value of the measuring rope at the road shoulder position in the horizontal direction and the deformation included angle value at any moment caused by roadbed displacement;
the data processing unit is also used for calling the roadbed design information data stored in the database according to the geographic position coordinates, and the data processing unit is used for obtaining the vertical settlement of the roadbed center position according to the roadbed design information data, the initial length of the measuring rope of the roadbed center position, the deformed length of the measuring rope and the vertical settlement of the road shoulder position;
and the data processing unit also obtains the current roadbed section filling height according to the initial length of the measuring rope at the shoulder position, the initial included angle value between the measuring rope at the shoulder position and the horizontal direction and the reference height.
The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things is characterized in that the data processing platform further comprises a roadbed deformation curve drawing unit, and the roadbed real-time deformation curve is generated according to the current roadbed section filling height, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed shoulder position and the vertical settlement of the roadbed center position.
The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things is characterized in that the monitoring and early warning platform monitors and outputs the current roadbed section filling height, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the road shoulder position, the vertical settlement of the roadbed center position and the roadbed deformation curve.
The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things is characterized in that the judgment result comprises: and if the filling speed is too high and the subgrade settlement requirement is not met in the subgrade filling process, filling construction is carried out, the subgrade deformation curve of the subgrade center position and the subgrade slope toe position is basically stable, subgrade filling can be continuously carried out, and the subgrade deformation curve completely stably meets the track laying requirement. And outputting an alarm signal when filling construction is carried out on the premise that whether the filling speed is too high or the subgrade settlement requirement is not met in the subgrade filling process is judged according to the judgment result.
The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things is characterized in that the data processing unit obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position through the following formula:
sti＝Ltisin(α0-αi)，
dti＝Lt0-Lticos(α0-αi)，
wherein L ist0For the initial survey of the position of the slope toe of the roadbedInitial length, LtiIs tiMeasuring the length alpha of deformed rope at the slope toe position of roadbed at any moment0The initial included angle value alpha of the measuring rope at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed and the horizontal directioniFor t in roadbed fillingiValue of deformation clip angle at time, stiFor vertical settlement of the position of the foot of the subgrade, dtiHorizontal displacement of the position of the slope toe of the roadbed;
the data processing unit obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the road shoulder position through the following formulas:
ssi＝Lsisinβi-Ls0sinβ0，
dsi＝Lsicosβi-Ls0cosβ0，
wherein L iss0Initial length of the measuring line for shoulder position, LsiIs tiMeasuring the deformed length beta of the rope at the shoulder position0Is the initial included angle value beta of the measuring rope at the position of the road shoulder and the horizontal directioniFor t in roadbed fillingiValue of deformation clip angle at time, ssiFor vertical settlement of the shoulder position, dsiHorizontal displacement of the position of the road shoulder;
the data processing unit obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the center position of the roadbed through the following formulas:
wherein L isciLength s of deformed measuring rope at center of roadbedciFor vertical settlement at the center of the road shoulder and horizontal displacement at the center of the roadbed dciApproximately equal to zero, B is the width of the bottom surface of the roadbed, m is the slope of the side slope of the roadbed, H is the filling height of the current section of the roadbed, and sciFor vertical settlement at the center of the road shoulder and horizontal displacement at the center of the roadbed dciApproximately equal to zero;
the data processing unit obtains the current roadbed section filling height through the following formula:
H＝Ls0sinβ0+h0，
wherein h is0And H is the current roadbed section filling height for reference height.
The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things is characterized in that the data processing platform obtains the differential settlement value of a roadbed center and a road shoulder according to the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data, the roadbed deformation information data and the roadbed design information data, the data processing platform sends the differential settlement value to the monitoring and early warning platform, and when the differential settlement value exceeds a threshold value, the monitoring and early warning platform outputs an early warning signal.
The aforesaid road bed monitoring early warning system based on thing networking, wherein, geographical coordinate position collection system includes:
the fixed observation pier is arranged on one side of the currently monitored roadbed;
and the GPS satellite positioning instrument is arranged on the fixed observation pier and is used for acquiring and outputting the geographical position coordinates.
The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things has the following effects in the prior art: the invention adopts a high-precision pull rope type displacement sensor and an angle instrument to be arranged at a corresponding monitoring part of the roadbed section to obtain the length and angle change value of the equipment pull rope caused in the roadbed settlement. And calculating settlement of each monitored part of the roadbed by combining the roadbed monitoring section coordinate information acquired by the GPS and the stored roadbed design data information data. Through the analysis of the settlement data, the current roadbed filling height and the current roadbed filling speed are calculated, so that the roadbed layered filling time, the roadbed placing time interval and the roadbed track laying time can be easily predicted, the roadbed filling quality is controlled, and the construction period is reasonably planned. Aiming at monitoring the subgrade settlement of a filling subgrade or a severe cold area on a soft soil foundation with a longer standing period, the invention can greatly save the labor cost and improve the data acquisition amount and the monitoring precision.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing part of a roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things;
fig. 2 is an installation schematic diagram of the roadbed monitoring early warning system based on the internet of things;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an included angle of the roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
a data acquisition device: 11
First displacement observation column: 111
Second displacement observation column: 112
The third displacement observation stand column: 113
First stay cord formula displacement sensor: 114
The second pull rope type displacement sensor: 115
The third pull rope type displacement sensor: 116
First angle appearance: 117
A second angle meter: 118
Geographic coordinate position acquisition device: 12
Fixing an observation pier: 121
A GPS satellite positioning instrument: 122
A data processing platform: 13
A database: 131
A data processing unit: 132
A roadbed deformation curve drawing unit: 133
Monitoring and early warning platform: 14
The position of the slope toe of the roadbed: p1
The position of the road shoulder: p2
The center position of the roadbed: p3
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are provided to explain the present invention and not to limit the present invention. Additionally, the same or similar numbered elements/components used in the drawings and the embodiments are used to represent the same or similar parts.
As used herein, the terms "first," "second," …, etc., do not denote any order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another or from another element or operation described in the same technical language.
With respect to directional terminology used herein, for example: up, down, left, right, front or rear, etc., are simply directions with reference to the drawings. Accordingly, the directional terminology used is intended to be illustrative and is not intended to be limiting of the present teachings.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
As used herein, "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the described items.
References to "plurality" herein include "two" and "more than two"; reference to "multiple sets" herein includes "two sets" and "more than two sets".
As used herein, the terms "substantially", "about" and the like are used to modify any slight variation in quantity or error that does not alter the nature of the variation. Generally, the range of slight variations or errors modified by such terms may be 20% in some embodiments, 10% in some embodiments, 5% in some embodiments, or other values. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned values can be adjusted according to actual needs, and are not limited thereto.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an information carrier such as the Internet and a traditional telecommunication network, and enables all common objects capable of performing independent functions to realize an interconnected network. The Internet of things is an important component of a new generation of information technology and is also an important development stage of the 'informatization' era. The internet of things is the internet with connected objects. This has two layers: firstly, the core and the foundation of the internet of things are still the internet, and the internet is an extended and expanded network on the basis of the internet; and secondly, the user side extends and expands to any article to perform information exchange and communication, namely, the article information.
The Internet of things digitalizes the real world and has a very wide application range. On the internet of things, everyone can use the electronic tag to link the real object to the internet, and the specific position of the real object can be found on the internet of things. The Internet of things can be used for carrying out centralized management and control on machines, equipment and personnel and can also be used for carrying out remote control on household equipment and automobiles, searching positions, preventing articles from being stolen and the like, is similar to an automatic control system, and meanwhile, by collecting data of the facts, the data can be finally gathered into big data, including redesigning roads to reduce serious changes of society such as traffic accidents, urban updating, disaster prediction and crime prevention and control, epidemic control and the like.
Generally, the development steps of the internet of things are mainly as follows:
(1) identifying the attributes of the object, wherein the attributes comprise static attributes and dynamic attributes, the static attributes can be directly stored in a tag, and the dynamic attributes need to be detected by a sensor in real time;
(2) the identification equipment is required to complete reading of the object attribute, and information is converted into a data format suitable for network transmission;
(3) the information of the object is transmitted to the information processing center through the network, and the processing center completes the related calculation of the object communication.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing part of a roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things according to the present invention; fig. 2 is an installation schematic diagram of the roadbed monitoring early warning system based on the internet of things; fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of an included angle of the roadbed monitoring early warning system based on the internet of things. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things of the present invention includes: the system comprises a data acquisition device 11, a geographic coordinate position acquisition device 12, a data processing platform 13 and a monitoring and early warning platform 14; the geographic coordinate position acquisition device 12 and the data acquisition device 11 are electrically connected to the data processing platform 13, and the data processing platform 13 is electrically connected to the monitoring and early warning platform 14.
Wherein, the geographic coordinate position acquisition device 12 outputs the acquired geographic position coordinate of the currently monitored roadbed to the data processing platform 13, the data acquisition device 11 outputs the roadbed initial information data and the roadbed deformation information data of the monitored position which are acquired in real time to the data processing platform 13, the data processing platform 13 receives the geographic position coordinate, the roadbed initial information data and the roadbed deformation information data in real time through a wireless module, the data processing platform 13 obtains the roadbed deformation data and the real-time roadbed deformation curve of the monitored position according to the geographic position coordinate, the roadbed initial information data, the roadbed deformation information data and the roadbed design information data and outputs the roadbed deformation data to the monitoring and early warning platform 14, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 monitors the currently monitored roadbed according to the roadbed deformation data and the real-time roadbed deformation curve and outputs a judgment result, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 also outputs or does not output an early warning signal according to the judgment result.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the monitoring position at least includes: a roadbed toe position P1, a roadbed shoulder position P2 and a roadbed center position P3.
Further, the data acquisition device 11 includes: a first displacement observation column 111, a second displacement observation column 112, a third displacement observation column 113, a first pull rope type displacement sensor 114, a second pull rope type displacement sensor 115, a third pull rope type displacement sensor 116, a first angle instrument 117, and a second angle instrument 118.
The first displacement observation upright post 111 is arranged at a roadbed slope toe position P1, the second displacement observation upright post 112 is arranged at a road shoulder position P2, and the third displacement observation upright post 113 is arranged at a roadbed center position P3; the first pull rope type displacement sensor 114, the second pull rope type displacement sensor 115 and the third pull rope type displacement sensor 116 all comprise a measuring rope and a main body, the measuring rope of the first pull rope type displacement sensor 114 is fixed on the first displacement observation upright post 111 with a steel plate base, the measuring rope of the second pull rope type displacement sensor 115 is fixed on the second displacement observation upright post 112 with a steel plate base, the measuring rope fixed on the measuring rope of the third pull rope type displacement sensor 116 is fixed on the third displacement observation upright post 113 with a steel plate base, and the measuring ropes are all paid off along the direction vertical to the railway line; the first pull rope type displacement sensor 114 collects and outputs the initial length L of the measuring rope of the roadbed slope toe position P1t0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropetiTo the data processing platform 13, the second pull rope type displacement sensor 115 collects and outputs the initial length L of the measuring rope of the shoulder position P2s0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropesiTo the data processing platform 13, the third pull rope type displacement sensor 116 collects and outputs the initial length L of the measuring rope of the roadbed center position P3c0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropeciTo the data processing platform 13; the first angle gauge 117 is arranged on the measuring rope of the first pull rope type displacement sensor 113 and used for collecting the initial included angle value alpha between the measuring rope at the roadbed slope toe position P1 and the horizontal direction0And deformation included angle value alpha at any moment caused by roadbed displacementiAnd outputs the collected angle value to the data processing platform 13; second angle gauge 118 arrangementOn the measuring rope of the second pull rope type displacement sensor 114, the initial included angle value beta between the measuring rope at the shoulder position P2 and the horizontal direction is collected0And deformation included angle value beta at any moment caused by roadbed displacementiAnd outputs the collected angle value to the data processing platform 13.
In this embodiment, the roadbed initial information data includes: initial length L of measuring rope at roadbed slope toe position P1t0Initial length L of measuring rope at shoulder position P2s0And the initial length L of the measuring rope at the center position P3 of the roadbedc0Initial included angle value alpha between measuring rope at roadbed slope toe position P1 and horizontal direction0And the initial included angle value beta between the measuring rope at the shoulder position P2 and the horizontal direction0(ii) a The roadbed deformation information data comprises: measuring rope deformation length L of roadbed slope toe position P1tiLength L of measuring rope at shoulder position P2 after deformationsiAnd the length L of the measuring rope at the center position P3 of the roadbed after deformationciAnd the deformation included angle value alpha at any moment caused by roadbed displacement of the roadbed slope toe position P1iAnd deformation included angle value beta at any moment caused by roadbed displacement of road shoulder position P2i. As shown in fig. 2, the first displacement observation post 111 of the solid line represents the position of the first displacement observation post 111 after the installation is completed, and the first displacement observation post 111 of the broken line represents the position of the first displacement observation post 111 after the roadbed is deformed; the solid line second displacement observation upright 112 represents the position of the second displacement observation upright 112 after the installation is finished, and the dotted line second displacement observation upright 112 represents the position of the second displacement observation upright 112 after the roadbed is deformed; the third displacement observation upright 113 with the solid line represents the position of the second displacement observation upright 113 after the installation is finished, and the third displacement observation upright 113 with the dotted line represents the position of the third displacement observation upright 113 after the roadbed is deformed.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the main bodies of the stay rope displacement sensors at the shoulder position P2 and the toe position P1 are both installed outside the roadbed filling range, i.e. the area where the ground settlement is not generated due to the roadbed filling influence, so as to better provide the reference calculation position for the settlement monitoring center to analyze and warn the collected data. The installation and the paying-off of the pull rope type displacement sensor 115 and the pull rope type displacement sensor 114 are shown in fig. 2. The body of the pull-rope type displacement sensor 116 of the roadbed central position P3 is mounted on the second displacement observation post 112 of the shoulder position P2 to monitor the relative vertical settlement of the roadbed central position P3 and the shoulder position P2, and the pull-rope type displacement sensor 116 is installed and paid out as shown in fig. 2.
Still further, the geographic coordinate position acquisition device 12 includes: a fixed observation pier 121 and a GPS (global positioning system) satellite positioning instrument 122; fixed observation pier 121 is arranged on one side of the current monitoring roadbed and fixed observation pier 121 has height h0(ii) a The GPS satellite positioning instrument 122 is installed on the fixed observation pier 121, and the GPS satellite positioning instrument 122 collects and outputs the geographical position coordinates (X) of the currently monitored roadbedi，Yi) To the data processing platform 13, the data processing platform 13 coordinates (X) according to the geographic locationi，Yi) And calling roadbed design data information data, wherein the roadbed design data information data at least comprises: roadbed height, roadbed top surface width, roadbed bottom surface width, roadbed slope gradient and filler type, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the fixed observation pier 121 is preferably installed in an area where ground subsidence is not caused by roadbed filling, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the main bodies of the stay rope type displacement sensors may also be all disposed on the fixed observation pier 121.
Based on the structures of the data acquisition device and the geographic coordinate position acquisition device, the roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things does not need to be pre-buried before roadbed filling, and the survey station is flexible to set and can be detached and moved.
Still further, the data processing platform 13 includes a database 131, a data processing unit 132, and a roadbed deformation curve drawing unit 133; wherein, the database 131 stores roadbed design data information data; the data processing unit 132 receives the initial length L of the measuring rope of the roadbed slope toe position P1 through the wireless module Ft0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropetiInitial length L of measuring rope at shoulder position P2s0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropesiAnd the initial length L of the measuring rope at the center position P3 of the roadbedc0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropeciInitial included angle value alpha between measuring rope at roadbed slope toe position P1 and horizontal direction0And deformation included angle value alpha at any moment caused by roadbed displacementiAnd the initial included angle value beta between the measuring rope at the shoulder position P2 and the horizontal direction0And deformation included angle value beta at any moment caused by roadbed displacementiIn this embodiment, the wireless module F is a 4G/5G wireless communication module, but the invention is not limited thereto.
The data processing unit 132 measures the initial length L of the rope based on the position P1 of the footfall of the roadbedt0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropetiInitial included angle value alpha between measuring rope at roadbed slope toe position P1 and horizontal direction0And deformation included angle value alpha at any moment caused by roadbed displacementiThe vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the position of the roadbed toe are obtained, wherein, specifically, the data processing unit 132 obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the position of the roadbed toe according to the following formulas:
sti＝Ltisin(α0-αi)，
dti＝Lt0-Lticos(α0-αi)，
wherein L ist0For measuring the initial length, L, of the slope toe of the subgradetiIs tiMeasuring the length alpha of deformed rope at the slope toe position of roadbed at any moment0The initial included angle value alpha of the measuring rope at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed and the horizontal directioniFor t in roadbed fillingiValue of deformation clip angle at time, stiFor vertical settlement of the position of the foot of the subgrade, dtiHorizontal displacement of the position of the slope toe of the roadbed;
the data processing unit 132 also measures the initial length L of the line based on the shoulder position P2s0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropesiInitial included angle value beta between measuring rope at shoulder position P2 and horizontal direction0And deformation included angle value beta at any moment caused by roadbed displacementiObtaining vertical settlement and horizontal displacement of the shoulder position, whereinIn other words, the data processing unit 132 obtains the vertical settlement and horizontal displacement of the shoulder position according to the following formulas:
ssi＝Lsisinβi-Ls0sinβ0，
dsi＝Lsicosβi-Ls0cosβ0，
wherein L iss0Initial length of the measuring line for shoulder position, LsiIs tiMeasuring the deformed length beta of the rope at the shoulder position0Is the initial included angle value beta of the measuring rope at the position of the road shoulder and the horizontal directioniFor t in roadbed fillingiValue of deformation clip angle at time, ssiFor vertical settlement of the shoulder position, dsiHorizontal displacement of the position of the road shoulder;
the data processing unit 132 also coordinates (X) according to the geographic locationi，Yi) Retrieving the roadbed design information data stored in the database 131, the data processing unit 132 calculates the initial length L of the measuring rope of the roadbed center position P3 according to the roadbed design information datac0And measuring the length L of the deformed ropeciVertical settlement s at shoulder positionsiAnd obtaining the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the center of the roadbed. Specifically, the data processing unit 132 obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed center position according to the following formulas:
wherein L isciThe length of the deformed measuring rope at the center of the roadbed, B the width of the bottom surface of the roadbed, m the slope of the side slope of the roadbed, H the filling height of the current roadbed section, and sciFor the vertical settlement of the center position of the roadbed, the horizontal displacement d of the center position of the roadbed is considered as that the cross section of the roadbed belongs to a symmetrical structureciApproximately equal to zero;
in this embodiment, the following example is used
The vertical settlement of the subgrade center is mainly considered, the measuring rope of the third pull rope type displacement sensor 116 is horizontal in the initial arrangement, and the initial measuring rope length Lc0The current half width of the subgrade top surface is adopted, so that the vertical settlement can be calculated according to the formula by the subgrade bottom surface width, the subgrade current filling height and the subgrade side slope gradient, but the invention is not limited by the above formula, and in other embodiments, the vertical settlement can be calculated by the subgrade bottom surface width, the subgrade current filling height and the subgrade side slope gradient
And obtaining the vertical settlement of the center position of the roadbed.
The data processing unit 132 further determines the initial length of the shoulder position, the center position of the roadbed, the initial included angle value beta between the shoulder position and the horizontal direction0And obtaining the current roadbed section filling height H with reference to the height, wherein specifically, the data processing unit 132 obtains the current roadbed section filling height H with the following formula:
H＝Ls0sinβ0+h0，
wherein, the height h of the observation pier is fixed in the embodiment0For reference, but the invention is not limited to this, and H is the current roadbed section filling height.
The measuring result accurately reflects the compressibility of a road foundation body and the settlement amount and the lateral displacement of the foundation in the roadbed filling and placing period through carrying out data acquisition on the center position of the roadbed, the position of a road shoulder and the position of a roadbed slope toe in real time, so that the high-precision requirement of roadbed settlement monitoring is met, and even the requirement of millimeter level can be met.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment, the roadbed design information data retrieved by the data processing unit 132 are the roadbed bottom width B and the roadbed slope gradient m, but the invention is not limited thereto.
The roadbed deformation curve drawing unit 133 draws the vertical settlement s according to the current roadbed section filling height H and the roadbed slope toe positiontiAnd horizontal displacement dtiVertical settlement s at shoulder positionsiAnd horizontal displacement dsiVertical settlement s at the center of the roadbedciAnd waterTranslation displacement dciAnd generating a roadbed deformation curve and outputting the roadbed deformation curve to the monitoring and early warning platform 14.
Wherein the roadbed deformation data comprises but is not limited to the vertical settlement s of the roadbed slope toe positiontiAnd horizontal displacement dtiVertical settlement s at shoulder positionsiAnd horizontal displacement dsiVertical settlement s at the center of the roadbedciAnd horizontal displacement dciAnd the current roadbed section filling height H.
Further, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 receives and processes the vertical settlement s according to the current roadbed section filling height H and the roadbed slope toe positiontiAnd horizontal displacement dtiVertical settlement s at shoulder positionsiAnd horizontal displacement dsiVertical settlement s at center of road shoulderciAnd horizontal displacement dciAnd monitoring the current monitored roadbed by the roadbed deformation curve and outputting a judgment result.
Specifically, the judgment result includes at least: and when the judgment result is that the filling construction is carried out on the premise that the filling speed is too high or the subgrade settlement requirement is not met in the subgrade filling process, the filling can be continuously carried out on the subgrade deformation curve of the subgrade center position and the subgrade slope toe position basically stable, and the subgrade deformation curve is completely stable, an alarm signal is output.
Wherein, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 outputs the judgment result that the roadbed deformation curve of the roadbed center position and the roadbed slope toe position is basically stable and can be continuously filled or the roadbed deformation curve is completely stable and can be paved according to the average rate of the vertical settlement of the roadbed center position P3 is less than 10 mm/day and night and the average rate of the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position is less than 5 mm/day and night, and the monitor can make the next work instruction according to the judgment result, if the roadbed filling is completed, the settlement curve is completely stable and can be paved. For example, when the average vertical sedimentation rate of the roadbed center position P3 is judged to be less than 10 mm/day and night, the monitoring and early-warning platform 14 obtains the average vertical sedimentation rate of the current roadbed center position and the average horizontal displacement rate of the current roadbed slope toe position according to the following formulas:
Δvi＝(sc0-sci)/Δti，
Δvi′＝(dt0-dti)/Δti，
wherein, Δ viThe average vertical sedimentation rate, Deltav, of the current roadbed center position P3i' average rate of horizontal displacement of current subgrade toe position.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned determination method is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Furthermore, the data processing platform 13 obtains differential settlement values of the roadbed center and the roadbed shoulder according to the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data, the roadbed deformation information data and the roadbed design information data, the data processing platform 13 sends the differential settlement values to the monitoring and early warning platform, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 compares the differential settlement values with threshold values, when the differential settlement values exceed the threshold values, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 outputs early warning signals, and meanwhile, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 can also output the differential settlement values, so that roadbed filling construction on the next step can be further guided.
In the embodiment, in order to maintain the layered transverse drainage slope position of the roadbed, the differential settlement of the center of the double-line roadbed and the position of the road shoulder should not exceed 28cm, and the differential settlement of the single-line roadbed should not exceed 18 cm. When the differential settlement value of the roadbed center and the road shoulder exceeds any threshold value, the monitoring and early warning platform 14 outputs an early warning signal.
In this embodiment, the database 131 may also be electrically connected to a user end, and the user may input the roadbed design information data through the user end, and the database 131 receives and stores the roadbed design information data. Specifically, a user inputs designed roadbed design information data into a user side, the user side sends the roadbed design information data to the database 131, the database 131 receives and stores the roadbed design information data, when the roadbed design information data changes, the user sends the changed roadbed design information data to the database 131 through the user side, and the database 131 updates and stores the roadbed design information data according to the modified roadbed design information data.
It should be noted that the monitoring and early-warning platform 14 may be installed in a field or a control room, so as to implement on-site real-time or remote real-time dynamic monitoring of the roadbed filling speed and deformation, and meanwhile, the monitoring and early-warning platform 14 may also be a mobile electronic device, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., so as to implement real-time dynamic monitoring of the roadbed filling speed and deformation in the moving process.
In this embodiment, the first pull rope type displacement sensor 114, the second pull rope type displacement sensor 115, the third pull rope type displacement sensor 116, the first angle meter 117, the second angle meter 118 and the GPS satellite positioning instrument 122 output data to the cloud server based on the internet of things architecture, and the cloud server outputs data and curves to the monitoring and early warning platform 14 based on the internet of things architecture, so that real-time and fast interaction of information data is realized. Specifically, the intelligent processing of the internet of things relies on advanced information processing technologies, such as cloud computing, which can facilitate the implementation of the internet of things and smart earth from two aspects: first, cloud computing is the core of implementing the internet of things. Secondly, cloud computing promotes intelligent integration of the internet of things and the internet.
In conclusion, the measurement result of the roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things can more accurately reflect the compressibility of a roadbed basic body and the settlement amount and lateral displacement of a foundation in the roadbed filling and placing period, so that the high-precision requirement of roadbed settlement monitoring is met; meanwhile, the roadbed is not required to be pre-buried before being filled, and the survey station is flexible to set and can be detached and moved; the data acquisition frequency is high, and the method is suitable for soft soil, high-cold and high-altitude areas; the collected data can be calculated and analyzed through the cloud server; and the whole process curve of roadbed deformation can be automatically drawn.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a road bed monitoring and early warning system based on thing networking which characterized in that includes:
the geographical coordinate position acquisition device is used for acquiring the geographical position coordinates of the currently monitored roadbed;
the data acquisition device is used for acquiring roadbed initial information data and roadbed deformation information data of the monitoring position in real time; the monitoring location includes: the center position of the roadbed, the position of a road shoulder and the position of a roadbed slope toe;
the data acquisition device includes:
the first displacement observation upright post is arranged at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed;
the second displacement observation upright post is arranged at the position of the road shoulder;
the third displacement observation upright post is arranged at the center of the roadbed;
the first pull rope type displacement sensor is used for acquiring and outputting the initial length of the measuring rope at the slope toe position of the roadbed and the length of the measuring rope after deformation;
the measuring rope of the second pull rope type displacement sensor is fixed on the second displacement observation upright post, and the second pull rope type displacement sensor collects and outputs the initial length of the measuring rope at the shoulder position and the length of the measuring rope after deformation;
a third pull rope type displacement sensor, wherein a measuring rope of the third pull rope type displacement sensor is fixed on the third displacement observation upright post, and the initial length of the measuring rope at the center of the roadbed and the deformed length of the measuring rope are collected and output;
the first angle instrument is arranged on a measuring rope of the first pull rope type displacement sensor and used for collecting and outputting an initial included angle value between the measuring rope at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed and the horizontal direction and a deformation included angle value at any moment caused by roadbed displacement;
the second angle gauge is arranged on a measuring rope of the second pull rope type displacement sensor and used for collecting and outputting an initial included angle value between the measuring rope at the shoulder position and the horizontal direction and a deformation included angle value at any moment caused by roadbed displacement;
the data processing platform receives the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data and the roadbed deformation information data in real time through a wireless module, and obtains roadbed deformation data and a roadbed deformation curve of the monitoring position according to the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data, the roadbed deformation information data and roadbed design information data;
the monitoring and early warning platform monitors the current monitored roadbed according to the roadbed deformation data and the roadbed deformation curve and outputs a judgment result, and the monitoring and early warning platform outputs or does not output an early warning signal according to the judgment result;
the judgment result comprises: if the filling speed is too high in the roadbed filling process and the roadbed settlement requirement is not met, filling construction is carried out, roadbed filling can be continuously carried out due to the stable roadbed deformation curves at the roadbed center position and the roadbed slope toe position, the roadbed deformation curves completely and stably meet the track laying requirement, and when the judgment result is that the filling construction is carried out on the premise that the filling speed is too high in the roadbed filling process or the roadbed settlement requirement is not met, an alarm signal is output;
the data processing platform obtains differential settlement values of a roadbed center and a roadbed shoulder according to the geographic position coordinates, the roadbed initial information data, the roadbed deformation information data and the roadbed design information data, the data processing platform sends the differential settlement values to the monitoring and early warning platform, and when the differential settlement values exceed a threshold value, the monitoring and early warning platform outputs early warning signals.
2. The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things of claim 1, wherein the data processing platform receives the initial length and the deformed length of the measuring rope at the roadbed slope toe position, the initial length and the deformed length of the measuring rope at the road shoulder position, and the center position of the roadbed in real time through the wireless module
The initial length of the measuring rope and the length of the measuring rope after deformation, the initial included angle value of the measuring rope at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed and the horizontal direction, the deformation included angle value at any moment caused by the displacement of the roadbed, the initial included angle value of the measuring rope at the position of the road shoulder and the horizontal direction, and the deformation included angle value at any moment caused by the displacement of the roadbed are arranged, and the data processing platform comprises:
the database stores the roadbed design data information data;
the data processing unit is used for obtaining the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position according to the initial length and the deformed length of the measuring rope of the roadbed slope toe position, the initial included angle value of the measuring rope of the roadbed slope toe position in the horizontal direction and the deformed included angle value at any moment caused by the roadbed displacement;
the data processing unit further obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the road shoulder position according to the initial length of the measuring rope at the road shoulder position, the length of the measuring rope after deformation, the initial included angle value of the measuring rope at the road shoulder position in the horizontal direction and the deformation included angle value at any moment caused by roadbed displacement;
the data processing unit is also used for calling the roadbed design information data stored in the database according to the geographic position coordinates, and the data processing unit is used for obtaining the vertical settlement of the roadbed center position according to the roadbed design information data, the initial length of the measuring rope of the roadbed center position, the deformed length of the measuring rope and the vertical settlement of the road shoulder position;
and the data processing unit also obtains the current roadbed section filling height according to the initial length of the measuring rope at the shoulder position, the initial included angle value between the measuring rope at the shoulder position and the horizontal direction and the reference height.
3. The roadbed monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things as claimed in claim 2, wherein the data processing platform further comprises a roadbed deformation curve drawing unit, and a roadbed real-time deformation curve is generated according to the current roadbed section filling height, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the road shoulder position and the vertical settlement of the roadbed center position.
4. The internet of things-based roadbed monitoring and early warning system of claim 3, wherein the monitoring and early warning platform monitors the currently monitored roadbed according to the current roadbed section filling height, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position, the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed shoulder position, the vertical settlement of the roadbed center position and the roadbed deformation curve and outputs the judgment result.
5. The internet of things-based roadbed monitoring and early warning system of claim 2, wherein the data processing unit obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the roadbed slope toe position through the following formulas:
sti＝Ltisin(α0-αi)，
dti＝Lt0-Lticos(α0-αi)，
wherein L ist0For measuring the initial length, L, of the slope toe of the subgradetiIs tiMeasuring the length alpha of deformed rope at the slope toe position of roadbed at any moment0The initial included angle value alpha of the measuring rope at the position of the slope toe of the roadbed and the horizontal directioniFor t in roadbed fillingiValue of deformation clip angle at time, stiIs tiVertical settlement of the slope toe position of the roadbed at that momenttiIs tiThe horizontal displacement of the position of the slope toe of the roadbed at the moment;
the data processing unit obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the road shoulder position through the following formulas:
ssi＝Lsisinβi-Ls0sinβ0，
dsi＝Lsicosβi-Ls0cosβ0，
wherein L iss0Initial length of the measuring line for shoulder position, LsiIs tiAfter the measuring rope at the shoulder position of the road is deformedLength, beta0Is the initial included angle value beta of the measuring rope at the position of the road shoulder and the horizontal directioniFor t in roadbed fillingiValue of deformation clip angle at time, ssiFor vertical settlement of the shoulder position, dsiHorizontal displacement of the position of the road shoulder;
the data processing unit obtains the vertical settlement and the horizontal displacement of the center position of the roadbed through the following formulas:
wherein L isciLength s of deformed measuring rope at center of roadbedciFor vertical settlement at the center of the road shoulder and horizontal displacement at the center of the roadbed dciApproximately equal to zero, B is the width of the bottom surface of the roadbed, m is the slope of the side slope of the roadbed, H is the filling height of the current section of the roadbed, and the horizontal displacement d of the center of the roadbedciIs approximately equal to zero, Lc0The initial length of the measuring rope at the center of the roadbed;
the data processing unit obtains the current roadbed section filling height through the following formula:
H＝Ls0sinβ0+h0，
wherein h is0And H is the current roadbed section filling height for reference height.
6. The internet of things-based roadbed monitoring and early warning system as claimed in any one of claims 1-3 and 5, wherein the geographic coordinate position acquisition device comprises:
the fixed observation pier is arranged on one side of the currently monitored roadbed;
and the GPS satellite positioning instrument is arranged on the fixed observation pier and is used for acquiring and outputting the geographical position coordinates.
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