CN110631541A - Detection and correction method of linearity of steel shape measurement - Google Patents
Detection and correction method of linearity of steel shape measurement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种钢材外形测量线性度检测及校正方法:采用位移传感器沿待测钢材长度方向进行扫描，采集所述位移传感器与待测钢材外表面的距离，以待测钢材长度方向为X轴，位移传感器到钢材外表面的距离为Y轴，建立坐标系；读取所述坐标系中待测钢材各肋谷中点的坐标，并将这些坐标进行直线拟合；计算所有肋谷中点的从标到直线的垂直距离；读取最大垂直距离,如果该最大垂直距离大于检测标准值，则认为该钢材线性度不合格。该方法能有效的根据检测到的数据对钢材的线性斜率进行校正，同时还可以检测出钢材的线性度是否合格，如果不合格，那么就没有必要再针对该钢材进行其它外形参数的采集了。
The present invention proposes a method for detecting and correcting the linearity of steel shape measurement: using a displacement sensor to scan along the length direction of the steel to be measured, collecting the distance between the displacement sensor and the outer surface of the steel to be measured, and taking the length direction of the steel to be measured as X Axis, the distance from the displacement sensor to the outer surface of the steel is the Y axis, and a coordinate system is established; read the coordinates of the midpoints of each rib valley of the steel to be measured in the coordinate system, and carry out straight line fitting to these coordinates; calculate the coordinates of the midpoints of all rib valleys The vertical distance from the mark to the straight line; read the maximum vertical distance, if the maximum vertical distance is greater than the detection standard value, it is considered that the linearity of the steel is unqualified. This method can effectively correct the linear slope of the steel according to the detected data, and can also detect whether the linearity of the steel is qualified. If it is unqualified, there is no need to collect other shape parameters for the steel.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及钢材外形参数检测领域，具体涉及一种钢材外形测量线性度检测及校正方法。The invention relates to the field of steel shape parameter detection, in particular to a method for detecting and correcting the linearity of steel shape measurement.
背景技术Background technique
目前，钢材的外形参数包括有内径、外径、肋高、肋宽、导程等，这些参数可以通过千分尺等进行直接测量，也可以通过一些检测装置采用传感器等进行采集，在采集这些参数时，需要考虑到的一个因素是待测工件的线性度是否良好，如果待测工件的线性度不符合要求，那么采集的外形参数的准确度将大打折扣。At present, the shape parameters of steel include inner diameter, outer diameter, rib height, rib width, lead, etc. These parameters can be directly measured by micrometers, etc., or can be collected by some detection devices using sensors, etc. When collecting these parameters , one factor that needs to be considered is whether the linearity of the workpiece to be tested is good. If the linearity of the workpiece to be tested does not meet the requirements, the accuracy of the collected shape parameters will be greatly reduced.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种钢材外形测量线性度检测及校正方法。In order to overcome the above defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and correcting the linearity of steel shape measurement.
为了实现本发明的上述目的，本发明提供了一种钢材外形测量线性度检测及校正方法，包括以下步骤：In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for detecting and correcting the linearity of steel profile measurement, comprising the following steps:
S1，采用位移传感器沿待测钢材长度方向进行扫描，采集所述位移传感器与待测钢材外表面的距离，以待测钢材长度方向为X轴，位移传感器到钢材外表面的距离为Y轴，建立坐标系；S1, using the displacement sensor to scan along the length direction of the steel to be measured, collecting the distance between the displacement sensor and the outer surface of the steel to be measured, taking the length direction of the steel to be measured as the X axis, and the distance from the displacement sensor to the outer surface of the steel as the Y axis, Create a coordinate system;
S2，读取所述坐标系中待测钢材各肋谷中点的坐标，并将这些坐标进行直线拟合；S2, reading the coordinates of the midpoint of each rib valley of the steel to be measured in the coordinate system, and performing straight line fitting on these coordinates;
S3，计算所有肋谷中点的坐标到拟合直线的垂直距离；S3, calculate the vertical distance from the coordinates of all rib valley midpoints to the fitted straight line;
S4，读取最大垂直距离，如果该最大垂直距离小于检测标准值，则认为该钢材线性度合格，以拟合得到的直线的斜率作为该钢材因放置产生倾斜的线性斜率，并将此斜率作为计算钢材外形参数的校正参数；如果该最大垂直距离大于检测标准值，则认为该钢材存在弯曲情况。S4, read the maximum vertical distance, if the maximum vertical distance is less than the detection standard value, the linearity of the steel is considered qualified, and the slope of the fitted straight line is used as the linear slope of the steel inclined due to placement, and this slope is used as Calculate the correction parameters of the steel shape parameters; if the maximum vertical distance is greater than the detection standard value, it is considered that the steel is bent.
该方法能有效的根据检测到的数据对钢材的线性斜率进行校正，同时还可以检测出钢材的线性度是否合格，如果不合格，那么就没有必要再针对该钢材进行其它外形参数的采集了。This method can effectively correct the linear slope of the steel according to the detected data, and can also detect whether the linearity of the steel is qualified. If it is unqualified, there is no need to collect other shape parameters for the steel.
该方法的优选方案：如果所述最大垂直距离大于检测标准值，以所述最大垂直距离对应的肋谷中点为分界点将所述钢材分为两段子钢材，对两段子钢材上的肋谷中点分别进行再次直线拟合；The preferred scheme of the method: if the maximum vertical distance is greater than the detection standard value, the rib valley midpoint corresponding to the maximum vertical distance is used as the dividing point to divide the steel into two sections of steel, and the midpoint of the rib valley on the two sections of steel is Carry out straight line fitting again;
计算两段子钢材的肋谷中点到与其对应的拟合直线的垂直距离，如果仍存在大于检测标准值的垂直距离，则认为该钢材线性度不合格，提示不予测量，这能进一步提高钢材线性度检测的准确性。Calculate the vertical distance from the rib valley midpoint of the two sections of steel to the corresponding fitting straight line. If there is still a vertical distance greater than the detection standard value, it is considered that the linearity of the steel is unqualified, and it is prompted not to measure, which can further improve the linearity of the steel. The accuracy of degree detection.
该方法的优选方案：将一对位移传感器设置于待测钢材横截面两测并沿待测钢材长度方向进行扫描，分别获得两个位移传感器的采集数据，任一位移传感器所采集的数据不满足所述检测标准值要求，则认为该钢材的线性度不符合要求，这能进一步提高钢材线性度检测的准确性。The optimal scheme of this method: set a pair of displacement sensors on the cross-section of the steel to be measured and scan along the length direction of the steel to be measured to obtain the data collected by the two displacement sensors respectively. The data collected by any one of the displacement sensors does not satisfy If the detection standard value is required, it is considered that the linearity of the steel does not meet the requirements, which can further improve the accuracy of the detection of the linearity of the steel.
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:
图1是钢材外形参数检测装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a steel shape parameter detection device;
图2是位移传感器所采集的数据信号图。Figure 2 is a diagram of the data signal collected by the displacement sensor.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，除非另有规定和限定，需要说明的是，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是机械连接或电连接，也可以是两个元件内部的连通，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, or two The internal communication of each element may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
如图1所示，一种钢材外形参数检测装置，包括底座1，底座1上设有用于放置待测钢材3的第一支架2、第二支架7，该底座1上设置有探头左右移动机构5，第一电机4驱动探头左右移动机构5左右移动，检测探头6设置于探头左右移动机构5上，而检测探头6上端和/或下端分别设置有位移传感器，位移传感器对待测钢材3沿长度方向进行扫描，当设置两个传感器时，待测钢材3位于两个位移传感器之间，两个位移传感器对待测钢材3沿长度方向进行扫描。As shown in Figure 1, a steel shape parameter detection device includes a
本发明提供了一种钢材外形测量线性度检测及校正方法，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a method for detecting and correcting the linearity of steel profile measurement, comprising the following steps:
S1，采用位移传感器沿待测钢材长度方向进行扫描，获得所述位移传感器的采集数据，位移传感器采集得到其与待测钢材各长度位置点的外表面的距离，以待测钢材长度方向为X轴，位移传感器到钢材外表面的距离为Y轴，建立坐标系。这里的钢材为螺纹钢或螺旋肋钢，位移传感器所采集到的数据信号为一类似方波的信号，如图2所示。S1, using the displacement sensor to scan along the length direction of the steel to be measured to obtain the data collected by the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor collects the distance between the displacement sensor and the outer surface of each length position point of the steel to be measured, and the length direction of the steel to be measured is X axis, the distance from the displacement sensor to the outer surface of the steel is the Y axis, and a coordinate system is established. The steel here is rebar or spiral rib steel, and the data signal collected by the displacement sensor is a signal similar to a square wave, as shown in FIG. 2 .
S2，读取坐标系中待测钢材各肋谷中点的坐标，并将这些坐标进行直线拟合，拟合后的直线方程为Ax+By+C＝0，其中A、B、C为直线拟合完成后得到的拟合直线方程的系数，为已知量。当位移传感器位于钢材上方时，该位移传感器所采集的数据信号时，该信号的波谷的中点即为肋谷中点，当位移传感器位于钢材上方时，该位移传感器所采集的数据信号时，该信号的波峰的中点即为肋谷中点。这里的似合方式优选但不限于采用最小二阶乘法拟合直线。S2, read the coordinates of the midpoint of each rib valley of the steel to be measured in the coordinate system, and carry out straight line fitting on these coordinates, the straight line equation after fitting is Ax+By+C=0, wherein A, B, C are straight line fittings The coefficient of the fitted straight line equation obtained after the combination is a known quantity. When the displacement sensor is above the steel, when the data signal collected by the displacement sensor, the midpoint of the trough of the signal is the midpoint of the rib valley; when the displacement sensor is above the steel, when the data signal collected by the displacement sensor, the The midpoint of the peak of the signal is the midpoint of the rib valley. The fitting method here is preferably but not limited to using the least squares method to fit a straight line.
S3，计算所有肋谷中点坐标到拟合直线的垂直距离，计算公式为垂直距离
S4，读取最大垂直距离，如果该最大垂直距离小于检测标准值，则认为该钢材线性度合格，以拟合得到的直线的斜率作为该钢材因放置产生倾斜的线性斜率，并将此斜率作为计算钢材外形尺寸参数的校正参数；如果该最大垂直距离大于检测标准值，则认为该钢材线性度不合格，该钢材存在弯曲情况。S4, read the maximum vertical distance, if the maximum vertical distance is less than the detection standard value, the linearity of the steel is considered qualified, and the slope of the fitted straight line is used as the linear slope of the steel inclined due to placement, and this slope is used as Calculate the correction parameters of the steel external dimension parameters; if the maximum vertical distance is greater than the detection standard value, it is considered that the linearity of the steel is unqualified, and the steel has bending.
为了进一步提高钢材线性度检测的准确性，本实施例有如下优选方案：In order to further improve the accuracy of steel linearity detection, the present embodiment has the following preferred solutions:
如果所述最大垂直距离大于检测标准值，以所述最大垂直距离对应的肋谷中点为分界点将所述钢材分为两段子钢材，对两段子钢材上的肋谷中点分别进行再次直线拟合；If the maximum vertical distance is greater than the detection standard value, the steel is divided into two sections of steel with the midpoint of the rib valley corresponding to the maximum vertical distance as the dividing point, and the midpoint of the rib valley on the two sections of steel is respectively linearly fitted again ;
计算两段子钢材的肋谷中点到与其对应的拟合直线的垂直距离，如果仍存在大于检测标准值的垂直距离，则认为该钢材线性度不合格，提示不予测量；如果所有垂直距离均小于检测标准值，那么则认为该钢材线性度满足要求，可以进行钢材的其它参数测量。Calculate the vertical distance from the midpoint of the rib valley of the two sections of steel to the corresponding fitting straight line. If there is still a vertical distance greater than the detection standard value, it is considered that the linearity of the steel is unqualified, and it is prompted not to measure; if all the vertical distances are less than If the standard value is detected, then the linearity of the steel is considered to meet the requirements, and other parameters of the steel can be measured.
为了进一步提高钢材线性度检测的准确性，本实施例还有一优选方案：In order to further improve the accuracy of steel linearity detection, there is another preferred solution in this embodiment:
在钢材的上下方均设置位移传感器，对两个位移传感器所采集的数据进行上述方法分析，只要有一个位移传感器所采集的数据不符合上述检测标准值，则认为该钢材线性度不合格。Displacement sensors are installed on the top and bottom of the steel, and the data collected by the two displacement sensors are analyzed by the above method. As long as the data collected by one displacement sensor does not meet the above detection standard value, the linearity of the steel is considered unqualified.
该方法中的位移传感器和钢材的设置方式可参考上述钢材外形参数检测装置。For the arrangement of the displacement sensor and the steel in this method, reference may be made to the above-mentioned detection device for the shape parameter of the steel.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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