CN110631267B - Solar water heater - Google Patents
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- CN110631267B CN110631267B CN201811334691.3A CN201811334691A CN110631267B CN 110631267 B CN110631267 B CN 110631267B CN 201811334691 A CN201811334691 A CN 201811334691A CN 110631267 B CN110631267 B CN 110631267B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/28—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing noise
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a solar water heater, which comprises a heat collector, wherein the heat collector comprises a heat collecting pipe and a water tank, the heat collecting pipe comprises an evaporation end and a condensation end, the condensation end is arranged in the water tank, the evaporation end absorbs solar energy, and the heat is transferred to water in the water tank through the condensation end, a stabilizing device is arranged in the heat collecting pipe, the stabilizing device is of a sheet structure, and the sheet structure is arranged on the cross section of the heat collecting pipe; the stabilizing device is composed of a square through hole and a regular octagonal through hole. The invention separates the two-phase fluid into liquid phase and gas phase by the stabilizing device with a novel structure, divides the liquid phase into small liquid groups, divides the gas phase into small bubbles, inhibits the backflow of the liquid phase, promotes the smooth flow of the gas phase, plays a role in stabilizing the flow and improves the heat exchange effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a solar heat collector.
Background
With the rapid development of modern socioeconomic, the demand of human beings on energy is increasing. However, the continuous decrease and shortage of traditional energy reserves such as coal, oil, natural gas and the like causes the continuous increase of price, and the environmental pollution problem caused by the conventional fossil fuel is more serious, which greatly limits the development of society and the improvement of the life quality of human beings. Solar heat conversion is a solar energy utilization mode which has high energy conversion efficiency and utilization rate, low cost and can be widely popularized in the whole society. In solar thermal energy utilization devices, it is critical to convert solar radiant energy into thermal energy, and the devices that accomplish this conversion are known as solar collectors.
In a solar thermal collector, a heat collecting tube structure is a very common form, and such a structure generally includes a plurality of parallel heat collecting tubes, but fluid distribution in different heat collecting tubes is often uneven during operation, and there are also different pressures in different heat collecting tubes due to different fluid temperatures in different heat collecting tubes caused by uneven heating. Under the condition, the heat collecting pipe with high pressure is damaged due to long-term operation, so that the heat collector cannot operate effectively on the whole.
In addition, the heat collecting pipe can be a heat pipe, and heat exchange fluid of the heat pipe in heat exchange is a steam-water mixture. The heat pipe is in the evaporation process, and inevitable can carry liquid to the steam end in, simultaneously because the condensation that releases heat of condensation end to there is liquid in making the condensation end, liquid inevitable mixes with steam, thereby makes the fluid in the heat pipe be vapour-liquid mixture, and vapour-liquid mixture exists and leads to the vapour to mix into a group, and the heat transfer ability descends between with the liquid, great influence the efficiency of heat transfer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a solar water heater with a novel structure and a heat collecting pipe with a novel structure, and the heat collecting pipe has the advantages of rapid heating, stable flow, good heat exchange effect and improvement on the utilization efficiency of solar energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a solar water heater comprises a heat collector, wherein the heat collector comprises a heat collecting pipe and a water tank, the heat collecting pipe comprises an evaporation end and a condensation end, the condensation end is arranged in the water tank, the evaporation end absorbs solar energy, heat is transferred to water in the water tank through the condensation end, a stabilizing device is arranged in the heat collecting pipe, the stabilizing device is of a sheet structure, and the sheet structure is arranged on the cross section of the heat collecting pipe; the stabilizing device is composed of a square through hole and a regular octagonal through hole, the side length of the square through hole is equal to that of the regular octagonal through hole, four sides of the square through hole are respectively sides of four different regular octagonal through holes, and four mutually spaced sides of the regular octagonal through hole are respectively sides of four different square through holes.
Preferably, the cross section of the heat collecting pipe is square.
Preferably, the solar thermal collector further comprises a transparent glass plate, a thermal insulation layer and a heat absorption film, wherein the heat absorption film is arranged on the evaporation end of the thermal collector, the transparent glass plate covers the front surface of the evaporation end of the thermal collector, and the thermal insulation layer is reserved between the evaporation end and the transparent glass plate.
Preferably, the thermal insulation layer is a vacuum layer.
Preferably, the heat collecting pipe is formed by welding a multi-section structure, and a stabilizing device is arranged at the joint of the multi-section structure.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent stabilizing devices is M1, the side length of each square through hole is B1, the heat collecting tube is a square section, the side length of each square section of the heat collecting tube is B2, and an acute angle formed by the heat collecting tube and a horizontal plane is A, so that the following requirements are met:
c*M1/B2=a*Ln(B1/B2) +b
wherein a, b are parameters, wherein 1.725<a<1.733,4.99<b<5.01；c=1/cos (A)mWherein 0.085<m<0.095, preferably m = 0.090.
11<B2<46mm；
1．9<B1<3.2mm；
18<M1<27mm。
20°<A<60°。
Preferably, 30 ° < a <50 °.
Preferably, m becomes smaller as a increases.
Preferably, the water in the water tank is delivered to a heat utilization device, the steam utilization device is a chemical liquid heat exchanger, and the water in the water tank is used as a heat source for heating the chemical liquid.
Preferably, the stabilizing device comprises at least one of a square central stabilizing device with a square through hole in the center of the collector tube and a regular octagonal central stabilizing device with a regular octagonal through hole in the center of the collector tube.
Preferably, the adjacently arranged stabilizing means are of different types.
Preferably, a plurality of stabilizing devices are arranged in the evaporation end of the heat collecting pipe, the distance from the evaporation end of the heat collecting pipe to the lower end of the heat collecting pipe is H, the distance between every two adjacent stabilizing devices is S, and S = F1(H) The following requirements are met:
S’<0, S”>0。
preferably, a plurality of stabilizing devices are arranged in the evaporation end of the heat collecting tube, the distance from the evaporation end of the heat collecting tube to the lower end of the heat collecting tube is H, the side length of a square through hole of each stabilizing device is D, and D = F3(H) The following requirements are met:
D’<0, D”>0。
preferably, a groove is formed in the inner wall of the heat collecting pipe, the shell of the stabilizing device is arranged in the groove, and the inner wall of the shell is aligned with the inner wall of the heat collecting pipe.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention provides a novel solar water heater with a novel structure and a novel structure combining a square through hole and a regular octagon through hole, wherein the included angles formed by the edges of the formed square hole and the regular octagon hole are more than or equal to 90 degrees through the square and the regular octagon, so that fluid can fully flow through each position of each hole, and the short circuit of fluid flowing is avoided or reduced. The invention separates the two-phase fluid into liquid phase and gas phase by the stabilizing device with a novel structure, divides the liquid phase into small liquid groups, divides the gas phase into small bubbles, inhibits the backflow of the liquid phase, promotes the smooth flow of the gas phase, plays a role in stabilizing the flow and improves the heat exchange effect. Compared with the stabilizing device in the prior art, the stabilizing device further improves the flow stabilizing effect, strengthens heat transfer and is simple to manufacture.
2) According to the invention, through reasonable layout, the square and regular octagonal through holes are uniformly distributed, so that the fluid on the whole cross street is uniformly divided, and the problem of nonuniform division of the annular structure along the circumferential direction in the prior art is avoided.
3) The invention ensures that the large holes and the small holes are uniformly distributed on the whole cross section by uniformly distributing the square holes and the regular octagonal holes at intervals, and ensures that the separation effect is better by changing the positions of the large holes and the small holes of the adjacent stabilizing devices.
4) According to the invention, the stabilizing device is of a sheet structure, so that the stabilizing device is simple in structure and low in cost.
5) According to the invention, the optimal relation size of the parameters is researched by setting the regular changes of the parameters such as the distance between adjacent stabilizing devices, the side length of the hole of the stabilizing device, the pipe diameter of the heat absorbing pipe, the pipe spacing and the like in the height direction of the heat absorbing pipe, so that the current stabilizing effect is further achieved, the noise is reduced, and the heat exchange effect is improved.
6) The invention realizes the optimal relational expression of the heat exchange effect under the condition of meeting the flow resistance by widely researching the heat exchange rule caused by the change of each parameter of the stabilizing device.
7) The solar heat collector with the novel structure is provided, and the uniform pressure, the uniform distribution of fluid flow and the uniform distribution of fluid motion resistance in each heat collecting pipe are ensured by arranging the flow equalizing pipe between the heat collecting pipes.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar water heater system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the solar water heater according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the solar water heater of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stabilization device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another cross-sectional configuration of the stabilization device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the stabilizing device of the present invention within a heat collecting tube;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement of the stabilizing device of the present invention within a heat collecting tube;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collecting tube of the present invention with a flow equalizing tube.
In the figure: 1. the heat collector comprises a heat collector body, 11 heat collecting pipes, 12 water tanks, 13 transparent glass plates, 14 heat insulation layers, 15 inlet pipes, 16 outlet pipes, 17 heat insulation layers, 2 heat utilization devices, 3 flow equalizing pipes, 4 stabilizing devices, 41 square through holes, 42 regular octagon through holes and 43 sides.
Detailed Description
A solar water heater (heat collection) system, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes a heat collector 1 and a heat utilization device 2, the heat collector 1 includes a heat collection pipe 11 and a water tank 12, the heat collection pipe 11 is actually an independent heat pipe, and includes an evaporation end 111 and a condensation end 112, and the condensation end 112 is disposed in the water tank 12. The evaporation end 111 absorbs solar energy and transfers heat to the water in the water tank through the condensation end 112. The water tank 12 is communicated with the heat utilization device 2 to form a circulation loop, the heat collection tubes 11 absorb solar energy to heat water in the water tank 12, the heated water enters the heat utilization device 2 through the water tank outlet tube 17, heat exchange is carried out in the heat utilization device 2, and water flowing out of the heat utilization device 2 enters the water tank 12 through the water tank inlet tube 15 to be heated.
The solar collector also comprises a transparent glass plate 13 and a heat insulating layer 14. The transparent glass plate 13 covers the front surface of the evaporation end 111 of the heat collecting tube, and a heat insulating layer 17 is left between the evaporation end 111 and the transparent glass plate 16, and preferably, the heat insulating layer is an vacuum layer. The transparent glass plate 16 is preferably made of toughened glass, and the heat insulation layer is a vacuum layer; preferably, the heat absorbing film 12 is disposed on the front surface of the evaporation end 111 of the heat pipe 1 by sputtering.
Preferably, the heat absorbing film 12 is disposed on the upper surface (i.e., the surface facing the sun) of the evaporation end 111 of the heat collecting tube 1.
The bottom plate 11 is arranged at the lower part of the heat collecting pipe 1 and is made of heat insulating materials.
Preferably, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 17 is 10mm to 15 mm; preferably 12 mm.
The heat collecting pipes 11 are arranged side by side, and the adjacent heat collecting pipes 11 are communicated through the flow equalizing pipe 3.
In the operation process of the heat collector, the fluid distribution is uneven, in addition, in the heat collection process, the absorbed heat of different heat collection tubes is different, so that the temperature of fluids in different heat collection tubes is different, and even fluids in some heat collection tubes, such as water, are in a gas-liquid two-phase state, and the fluids in some heat collection tubes are still liquid, so that the pressure in the heat collection tubes is increased because the fluids are changed into steam, and therefore, the fluids can flow in the heat collection tubes mutually by arranging the flow equalizing tubes among the heat collection tubes, so that the pressure distribution in all the heat collection tubes is balanced, and the fluid distribution can also be promoted to be balanced.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8, a flow equalizing pipe 3 is arranged between the heat collecting pipes. And a flow equalizing pipe 3 is arranged between at least two adjacent heat collecting pipes 11. In the research, it is found that in the process of heat absorption and heat release of the evaporation tube, the heat absorption amount and the heat release amount of the heat absorption and heat release tubes at different positions are different, so that the pressure or the temperature between the heat collection tubes 11 are different, the temperature of part of the heat collection tubes 11 is too high, the service life is shortened, and once the heat collection tubes 11 are out of order, the problem that the whole solar system cannot be used may occur. According to the invention, through a great deal of research, the flow equalizing pipes 3 are arranged on the adjacent heat collecting pipes, so that under the condition that the pressure of the heat collecting pipes is different due to different heating, the fluid in the heat collecting pipe 11 with high pressure can quickly flow to the heat collecting pipe 11 with low pressure, thereby keeping the overall pressure balance and avoiding local overheating or overcooling.
Preferably, a plurality of flow equalizing pipes 3 are arranged between adjacent heat collecting pipes 11 from the lower parts of the heat collecting pipes 11 to the upper parts of the heat collecting pipes 11. Through setting up a plurality of flow equalizing pipes, can make the continuous balanced pressure of fluid in the heat absorption evaporation process, guarantee the pressure balance in the whole collecting tube.
Preferably, at the evaporation end 111, the distance between adjacent flow equalizing pipes 3 decreases from the lower portion of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper portion of the heat collecting pipe 11. The purpose is to arrange more flow equalizing pipes, because the fluid continuously absorbs heat along with the upward flow of the fluid, and the pressure in different heat collecting pipes is more and more uneven along with the continuous heat absorption of the fluid, so that the pressure equalization can be ensured to be achieved as soon as possible in the flowing process of the fluid through the arrangement.
Preferably, at the evaporation end 111, the distance between adjacent flow equalizing pipes is gradually reduced from the lower part of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper part of the heat collecting pipe 11. Experiments show that the arrangement can ensure that the pressure balance is achieved more optimally and more quickly in the fluid flowing process. This is also the best way of communicating by extensively studying the law of change of the pressure distribution.
Preferably, at the evaporation end 111, the diameter of the flow equalizing pipe 3 is increased from the lower part of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper part of the heat collecting pipe 11. The purpose is to ensure a larger communication area, because the fluid continuously absorbs heat to generate steam along with the upward flow of the fluid, and the temperature and pressure in different heat collecting pipes are more and more uneven along with the continuous difference of the steam, so that the pressure balance can be ensured to be achieved as soon as possible in the flowing process of the fluid through the arrangement.
Preferably, at the evaporation end 111, the diameter of the flow equalizing pipe 3 increases from the lower part of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper part of the heat collecting pipe 11. Experiments show that the arrangement can ensure that the pressure balance is achieved more optimally and more quickly in the fluid flowing process. This is also the best way of communicating by extensively studying the law of change of the pressure distribution.
Preferably, at the condensation end 112, the distance between adjacent flow equalizing pipes 3 increases from the lower portion of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper portion of the heat collecting pipe 11. The purpose is to arrange fewer flow equalizing pipes and reduce the cost. Because the steam in the heat pipe continuously releases heat and condenses along with the upward lower part of the condensing end 112, and the pressure in the heat collecting pipe is smaller and smaller along with the continuous heat release of the fluid, the phenomenon of non-uniformity is more and more alleviated, materials can be saved through the arrangement, the flow equalizing pipe is arranged according to the pressure change, and the pressure equalization can be achieved as soon as possible in the flowing process of the fluid.
Preferably, at the condensation end 112, the distance between adjacent flow equalizing pipes increases from the lower portion of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper portion of the heat collecting pipe 11. Experiments show that the arrangement can ensure that the pressure balance is achieved more optimally and more quickly in the fluid flowing process. This is also the best way of communicating by extensively studying the law of change of the pressure distribution.
Preferably, the diameter of the flow equalizing pipe 3 is decreased from the lower portion of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper portion of the heat collecting pipe 11 at the condensation end 112. The purpose is to ensure reduced communication area and reduce cost. The same principle as the distance from the front is increasing.
Preferably, at the condensation end 112, the diameter of the flow equalizing pipe 3 decreases from the lower portion of the heat collecting pipe 11 to the upper portion of the heat collecting pipe 11 more and more. Experiments show that the arrangement can ensure that the pressure balance is achieved more optimally and more quickly in the fluid flowing process. This is also the best way of communicating by extensively studying the law of change of the pressure distribution.
Because the heat transfer of steam in the thermal-collecting tube, make the thermal-collecting tube the vapour-liquid two-phase flow appear, on the one hand, the thermal-collecting tube is in the evaporation process, inevitable can carry liquid to in the thermal-collecting tube, simultaneously because the exothermic condensation of condensation end, thereby make to have liquid in the condensation end, liquid is inevitable in getting into the steam, thereby make the fluid in the thermal-collecting tube be vapour-liquid mixture, the thermal-collecting tube can be because of the incondensable gas of ageing production at the operation in-process simultaneously, the incondensable gas generally rises to the condensation end on thermal-collecting tube upper portion, the existence of incondensable gas leads to the pressure increase in the thermal-collecting tube condensation end, pressure. Greatly influencing the heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, the present invention adopts a new structure to separate vapor phase and liquid phase, so that the heat exchange is enhanced.
A stabilizing device 4 is arranged in the heat collecting pipe, and the structure of the stabilizing device 4 is shown in figures 4 and 5. The stabilizing device 4 is a sheet structure which is arranged on the cross section of the heat collecting pipe 11; the stabilizing device 4 is composed of a square and regular octagonal structure, so that a square through hole 41 and a regular octagonal through hole 42 are formed. The side length of the square through-hole 41 is equal to the side length of the regular octagonal through-hole 42 as shown in fig. 4, the four sides 43 of the square through-hole are the sides 43 of four different regular octagonal through-holes, respectively, and the four mutually spaced sides 43 of the regular eight deformed through-hole are the sides 43 of four different square through-holes, respectively.
The invention adopts a stabilizing device with a novel structure, and has the following advantages:
1) the invention provides a novel structure stabilizing device combining a square through hole and a regular octagon through hole, wherein the included angles formed by the edges of the formed square hole and the regular octagon hole are larger than or equal to 90 degrees through the square and the regular octagon, so that fluid can fully flow through each position of each hole, and the short circuit of the fluid flow is avoided or reduced. The two-phase fluid is separated into the liquid phase and the gas phase by the stabilizing device with the novel structure, the liquid phase is separated into small liquid masses, the gas phase is separated into small bubbles, the backflow of the liquid phase is inhibited, the gas phase is enabled to flow smoothly, the flow stabilizing effect is achieved, the vibration and noise reducing effect is achieved, and the heat exchange effect is improved. Compared with the stabilizing device in the prior art, the stabilizing device further improves the flow stabilizing effect, strengthens heat transfer and is simple to manufacture.
2) According to the invention, through reasonable layout, the square and regular octagonal through holes are uniformly distributed, so that the fluid on the whole cross street is uniformly divided, and the problem of nonuniform division of the annular structure along the circumferential direction in the prior art is avoided.
3) According to the invention, the square holes and the regular octagonal through holes are uniformly distributed at intervals, so that the large holes and the small holes are uniformly distributed on the whole cross section, and the separation effect is better through the position change of the large holes and the small holes of the adjacent stabilizing devices.
4) According to the invention, the stabilizing device is of a sheet structure, so that the stabilizing device is simple in structure and low in cost.
By arranging the annular stabilizing device, the invention equivalently increases the internal heat exchange area in the heat exchange tube, strengthens the heat exchange and improves the heat exchange effect.
According to the invention, the gas-liquid two phases are divided at all cross section positions of all heat exchange tubes, so that the contact area between the division of a gas-liquid interface and a gas-phase boundary layer and a cooling wall surface is realized on the whole heat exchange tube section, the disturbance is enhanced, the noise and the vibration are greatly reduced, and the heat transfer is enhanced.
Preferably, the stabilizing device comprises two types, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first type is a square central stabilizing device, and a square is positioned in the center of the heat collecting pipe or the condensing pipe, as shown in fig. 6. The second is a regular octagonal central stabilizer, the regular octagon is located at the center of the heat collecting pipe or the condensing pipe, as shown in fig. 4. As a preference, the two types of stabilizing means are arranged next to one another, i.e. the types of stabilizing means arranged next to one another differ. I.e. adjacent to the square central stabilizer is a regular octagonal central stabilizer, and adjacent to the regular octagonal central stabilizer is a square central stabilizer. According to the invention, the square holes and the regular octagon holes are uniformly distributed at intervals, so that the large holes and the small holes are uniformly distributed on the whole cross section, and through the position change of the large holes and the small holes of the adjacent stabilizing devices, the fluid passing through the large holes next passes through the small holes, and the fluid passing through the small holes next passes through the large holes to be further separated, so that the mixing of vapor and liquid is promoted, and the separating and heat exchanging effects are better.
Preferably, the cross section of the heat collecting tube 11 is square.
Preferably, a plurality of stabilizers are disposed in the evaporation end, and the distance between the stabilizers is gradually decreased from the lower end of the heat collecting pipe to the upper end of the evaporation end 111. Setting the distance between the lower ends of the heat collecting pipes as H, and the distance between the adjacent stabilizing devices as S, S = F1(H) I.e. S is a function of the height H as a variable, S' is the first derivative of S, satisfying the following requirements:
S’<0;
the main reason is that the liquid in the heat collecting pipe is heated continuously to generate steam, in the rising process, the steam is increased continuously, so that the steam in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is increased, the steam phase in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is increased, the heat exchange capacity in the heat collecting pipe is weakened relatively along with the increase of the steam phase, and the vibration and the noise are increased continuously along with the increase of the steam phase. The distance between adjacent stabilizers to be provided is therefore shorter and shorter.
Through the experiment discovery, through foretell setting, both can reduce vibrations and noise to the at utmost, can improve the heat transfer effect simultaneously.
Further preferably, at the evaporation end 111, the distance between adjacent stabilizing devices increases in a direction from the lower end of the heat collecting pipe to the upper side. I.e. S "is the second derivative of S, the following requirements are met:
S”>0;
through the experiment, the vibration and the noise of about 7% can be further reduced, and the heat exchange effect of about 8% is improved.
Preferably, a plurality of stabilizers are disposed in the evaporation end 111, and the side length of the square at the evaporation end 111 is smaller and smaller from the lower end of the heat collecting pipe to the upper side (i.e. from the lower part to the upper part in fig. 2 and 3). The distance from the lower end of the heat collecting pipe is H, the side length of the square is C, and C = F2(H) And C' is the first derivative of C, and meets the following requirements:
C’<0;
further preferably, at the evaporation end 111, the side length of the square is gradually increased from the lower end of the heat collecting tube to the upper end. C' is the second derivative of C, and meets the following requirements:
C”>0。
see the previous variation in the pitch of the stabilizer for specific reasons.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent stabilizers remains constant.
Preferably, a plurality of stabilizing devices are arranged in the condensation end, and at the condensation end 112, the distance between the stabilizing devices is increased from the inlet of the condensation end 112 (i.e. from the position where the heat collecting pipe 11 extends into the water tank). Setting the distance from the position where the heat collecting pipe 11 extends into the water tank as H, the distance between adjacent stabilizing devices as S, S = F1(H) I.e. S is a function of the height H as a variable, S' is the first derivative of S, satisfying the following requirements:
S’>0;
the main reason is that the steam in the condensation end is continuously condensed in the rising process, and the steam is continuously less and less, so that the steam in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is less and less, and the steam phase in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is less and less. The distance between adjacent stabilizers to be set is therefore longer and longer, so that further cost savings can be achieved, substantially the same effect can be achieved, and the flow resistance can be reduced.
Through the experiment discovery, through foretell setting, both can reduce vibrations and noise to the at utmost, can improve the heat transfer effect simultaneously.
It is further preferred that, at the condensation end 112, the distance between adjacent stabilizing devices increases continuously from the entrance of the condensation end 112 (i.e. from the position where the heat collecting tube 11 extends into the water tank). I.e. S "is the second derivative of S, the following requirements are met:
S”>0;
through the experiment discovery, through so setting up, can further reduce the resistance about 7%, reach basically the same heat transfer effect simultaneously.
Preferably, a plurality of stabilizing devices are arranged in the condensation end 112, and the side length of the square at the condensation end 112 is larger and larger from the inlet of the condensation end 112 (i.e. from the position where the heat collecting pipe 11 extends into the water tank). Setting the distance from the position where the heat collecting pipe 11 extends into the water tank as H, the side length of the square as C, and C = F2(H) And C' is the first derivative of C, and meets the following requirements:
C’>0;
further preferably, at the condensation end 112, the side length of the square increases continuously from the lower end of the heat collecting tube to the upper end. C' is the second derivative of C, and meets the following requirements:
C”>0。
see the previous variation in the pitch of the stabilizer for specific reasons.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent stabilizers remains constant.
Preferably, the inner wall of the heat collecting pipe is provided with a slit, and the outer end of the stabilizing device is arranged in the slit.
Preferably, the heat collecting pipe is formed by welding a multi-section structure, and a stabilizing device is arranged at the joint of the multi-section structure.
Through analysis and experiments, the distance between the stabilizing devices cannot be too large, the damping, noise reduction and separation effects are poor if the distance is too large, meanwhile, the distance cannot be too small, the resistance is too large if the distance is too small, and similarly, the side length of a square cannot be too large or too small, and the damping and noise reduction effects are poor or the resistance is too large, so that the damping and noise reduction can be optimized under the condition that normal flow resistance (the total pressure bearing is less than 2.5MPa or the on-way resistance of a single heat collecting tube is less than or equal to 5 Pa/M) is preferentially met through a large number of experiments, and the optimal relation of each parameter is arranged.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent stabilizing devices is M1, the side length of each square through hole is B1, the heat collecting tube is a square section, the side length of each square section of the heat collecting tube is B2, and an acute angle formed by the heat collecting tube and a horizontal plane is A, so that the following requirements are met:
c*M1/B2=a*Ln(B1/B2) +b
wherein a, b are parameters, wherein 1.725<a<1.733,4.99<b<5.01；c=1/cos(A)mWherein 0.085<m<0.095, preferably m = 0.090.
11<B2<46mm；
1．9<B1<3.2mm；
18<M1<27mm。
20°<A<60°。
Preferably, 30 ° < a <50 °.
Further preferably, a is smaller and B is larger as B1/B2 is increased.
Preferably, a =1.728, b = 4.997;
preferably, the side length B1 of the square through hole is the average value of the inner side length and the outer side length of the square through hole, and the side length B2 of the square section of the heat collecting tube is the average value of the inner side length and the outer side length of the heat collecting tube.
Preferably, the length of the outer edge of the square through hole is equal to the length of the inner edge of the square section of the heat collecting pipe.
As a increases, m becomes smaller.
Preferably, as B2 increases, B1 also increases. However, as B2 increases, the magnitude of the increase in B1 becomes smaller and smaller. The change of the rule is obtained through a large amount of numerical simulation and experiments, and the heat exchange effect and the noise are further improved and reduced through the change of the rule.
Preferably, as B2 increases, M1 decreases. However, as B2 increases, the magnitude of the decrease in M1 becomes smaller and smaller. The change of the rule is obtained through a large amount of numerical simulation and experiments, and the heat exchange effect and the noise are further improved and reduced through the change of the rule.
Learn through analysis and experiment, the interval of thermal-collecting tube also satisfies certain requirement, for example can not too big or the undersize, no matter too big or the undersize can lead to the heat transfer effect not good, because set up stabilising arrangement in this application thermal-collecting tube moreover, consequently stabilising arrangement also has certain requirement to the thermal-collecting tube interval. Therefore, through a large number of experiments, under the condition that the normal flow resistance (the total pressure bearing is less than 2.5Mpa, or the on-way resistance of a single heat collecting pipe is less than or equal to 5 Pa/M) is preferentially met, the damping and noise reduction are optimized, and the optimal relation of each parameter is arranged.
The distance between adjacent stabilizing devices is M1, the side length of a square is B1, the heat collecting tube is a square section, the side length of the heat collecting tube is B2, an acute angle formed by the heat collecting tube and a horizontal plane is A, and the distance between the centers of adjacent heat collecting tubes is M2, so that the following requirements are met:
c*M2/B2=d*(M1/B2)2+e-f*(M1/B2)3-h*(M1/B2)；
wherein d, e, f, h are parameters,
1.239<d<1.240,1.544<e<1.545,0.37<f<0.38,0.991<h<0.992；c=1/cos(A)nwherein 0.090<n<0.098, preferably n = 0.093.
11<B2<46mm；
1．9<B1<3.2mm；
18<M1<27mm。
16<M2<76mm。
The distance between the centers of adjacent heat collecting pipes is M2, which is the distance between the center lines of the heat collecting pipes.
As a increases, n becomes smaller.
20°<A<60°。
Preferably, 30 ° < a <50 °.
Further preferably, d =1.2393, e =1.5445, f =0.3722, h = 0.9912;
preferably, d, e, f are larger and h is smaller as M1/B2 is increased.
Preferably, as B2 increases, M2 increases, but as B2 increases, the magnitude of the increase in M2 becomes smaller and smaller. The change of the rule is obtained through a large amount of numerical simulation and experiments, and the heat exchange effect can be further improved through the change of the rule.
Preferably, the length of the evaporation end (from the lower end of the heat collecting pipe to the position where the heat collecting pipe is connected with the water tank) is between 1000 and 1800 mm. More preferably, 1200-1400 mm.
Preferably, the length of the condensation end is between 500 and 900 mm. More preferably, 600-700 mm.
By optimizing the optimal geometric dimension of the formula, the optimal effect of shock absorption and noise reduction can be achieved under the condition of meeting the normal flow resistance.
For other parameters, such as the wall thickness of the pipe and the wall thickness of the shell, the parameters are set according to normal standards.
Preferably, the heat exchanger 2 is a liquid medicine heat exchanger, and the heat collecting pipe extends into the liquid medicine in the box body and is used for heating the liquid medicine.
Preferably, the heat exchanger 2 is a health product heat exchanger, and the heat collecting pipe extends into the health product in the box body and is used for heating the health product.
In fact, the heat collecting tube of the present invention is a heat pipe, and the heat pipe includes an evaporation end 111 and a condensation end 112.
Preferably, the condensation end of the heat collecting tube 11 extends to a position below the center line of the water tank, as shown in fig. 2. Further preferably, the distance between the lowest end of the water tank and the center line is 1/4 to 1/2. By penetrating into the lower end of the water tank, natural convection heat exchange of water in the water tank can be further realized, and the heat exchange effect is improved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A solar water heater for heating liquid medicine comprises a heat collector, wherein the heat collector comprises a heat collecting pipe and a water tank, the heat collecting pipe comprises an evaporation end and a condensation end, the condensation end is arranged in the water tank, the evaporation end absorbs solar energy, and heat is transferred to water in the water tank through the condensation end; the stabilizing device consists of a square through hole and a regular octagonal through hole, the side length of the square through hole is equal to that of the regular octagonal through hole, four sides of the square through hole are respectively sides of four different regular octagonal through holes, and four mutually spaced sides of the regular octagonal through hole are respectively sides of four different square through holes; the water in the water tank is conveyed to a heat utilization device which is a liquid medicine heat exchanger, and the water in the water tank is used as a heat source for heating liquid medicine.
2. A solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the collector tubes is square.
3. The solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the solar collector further comprises a transparent glass plate, a thermal insulation layer, and a heat absorption film, the heat absorption film is disposed on the evaporation end of the collector tube, the transparent glass plate covers the front surface of the evaporation end of the collector tube, and the thermal insulation layer is disposed between the evaporation end and the transparent glass plate.
4. A solar water heater according to claim 3, wherein the thermal insulation layer is a vacuum layer.
5. A solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat collecting tubes are welded in a multi-stage structure, and a stabilizing device is provided at the junction of the multi-stage structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010711352.3A CN111664592A (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-10 | Solar water heater with size-variable evaporation end stabilizing device |
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| CN201810739929 | 2018-07-07 | ||
| CN2018107399294 | 2018-07-07 |
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| CN202010711352.3A Division CN111664592A (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-10 | Solar water heater with size-variable evaporation end stabilizing device |
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| CN110631267B true CN110631267B (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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| CN202010711352.3A Withdrawn CN111664592A (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-10 | Solar water heater with size-variable evaporation end stabilizing device |
| CN201811334691.3A Active CN110631267B (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-10 | Solar water heater |
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| WO2014039943A1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Cornell University | Solar-concentrating solarization apparatus, methods, and applications |
| CN105485942B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-09-07 | 任佳启 | A kind of solar water heater |
| CN105571165B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-11-17 | 佛山市顺德区北滘镇信威电器有限公司 | A kind of inner rib plate height Axial changes solar water heater |
| CN106679466B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-09-15 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of Porous Media Two phase Flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger and its stabilising arrangement |
| CN106895590B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-10-30 | 青海建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of homogeneous temperature type vacuum pipe solar air collector |
| CN107062960B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-16 | 山东大学 | A kind of loop circuit heat pipe of annular and separation device short transverse variation |
| CN107084536B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2022-11-11 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Efficient tower type solar power station heat collector system with gradually-changed heat absorption pipe diameter |
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