CN110629026B

CN110629026B - Vacuum heating equipment for waste battery recovery processing

Info

Publication number: CN110629026B
Application number: CN201910903173.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁柳朋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Shenzhen Meige Vacuum Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-03
Filing date: 2018-09-03
Publication date: 2021-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-03
Also published as: CN110629026A; CN109326841A; CN109326841B

Abstract

The invention discloses vacuum heating equipment for waste battery recovery treatment, which comprises a heating box, a material carrying device arranged in the heating box and a material receiving box arranged below the material carrying device, wherein the material receiving box is arranged at the bottom of the heating box; a heating rod is arranged on the side wall of the heating box; a feeding hole is formed in the top of the heating box, and a sealing cover is arranged on the feeding hole; a gas pipe is arranged on one side of the feed inlet and is communicated with the inside of the heating box, an air pump is arranged on the gas pipe, a collecting box is arranged on one side of the heating box and is communicated with the collecting box, a discharge hole is arranged on one side of the collecting box, and a valve is arranged on the discharge hole; the material loading device comprises a mounting block arranged on the inner wall of the heating box, a material receiving plate arranged on the mounting block and capable of generating vibration, and a movable plate arranged on the material receiving plate and capable of turning over and moving; the battery on the material loading device is shaken out through the vibration of the material receiving plate, and the effect of waste battery treatment is improved.

Description

Vacuum heating equipment for waste battery recovery processing

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste recovery equipment, and particularly relates to vacuum heating equipment for waste battery recovery treatment.

Background

With the improvement of living standard and the development of modern communication industry, people have more and more chances to use batteries, and when a large amount of batteries are consumed by a walkman, a mobile phone, a game machine, an electronic watch and the like, the generated waste batteries are also increased greatly, and the waste batteries contain heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, nickel and the like and electrolyte solutions such as acid, alkali and the like, so that the waste batteries have different degrees of harm to human bodies and ecological environment. The related data show that one battery is rotted in the ground, so that the utilization value of 1 square meter of soil can be permanently lost; one button cell can pollute 600 tons of water, which is equivalent to the water drinking amount of one person in a lifetime. Among the substances which threaten the natural environment to the greatest extent, the batteries contain various mercury, lead, cadmium and the like, and if the waste batteries are mixed with household garbage to be buried together or discarded at will, the seeped mercury and heavy metal substances can permeate into soil to pollute underground water and then enter fishes and crops to destroy the living environment of human beings, thereby indirectly threatening the health of human beings. In the existing treatment method for recycling the nickel-cadmium battery, the nickel-cadmium battery needs to be heated, so that mercury in the nickel-cadmium battery is changed into a gaseous state to be evaporated, the mercury is convenient to recycle, a large amount of energy is consumed for directly heating the battery, the battery needs to be heated in a vacuum environment, when the battery is heated in equipment, the battery pressed at the bottom cannot be subjected to better heating treatment, the battery is heated unevenly, and part of mercury still remains in the battery to influence the recycling effect of the battery.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides vacuum heating equipment for recovering waste batteries, which is used for overcoming the defects of the prior art and has the advantages of uniform heating and improvement on the battery recovery effect.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a vacuum heating device for waste battery recovery treatment comprises a heating box, a material carrying device arranged in the heating box and a material receiving box arranged below the material carrying device, wherein the material receiving box is arranged at the bottom of the heating box; a heating rod is arranged on the side wall of the heating box; a feeding hole is formed in the top of the heating box, and a sealing cover is arranged on the feeding hole; a gas pipe is arranged on one side of the feed inlet and is communicated with the inside of the heating box, an air pump is arranged on the gas pipe, a collecting box is arranged on one side of the heating box and is communicated with the collecting box, a discharge hole is arranged on one side of the collecting box, and a valve is arranged on the discharge hole; the material loading device comprises a mounting block arranged on the inner wall of the heating box, a material receiving plate arranged on the mounting block and capable of generating vibration, and a movable plate arranged on the material receiving plate and capable of turning over and moving; the mounting block comprises a left mounting block arranged on the left side of the heating box and a right mounting block arranged on the right side of the heating box; the material receiving plates comprise a left material receiving plate arranged on the left side of the heating box and a right material receiving plate arranged on the right side of the heating box, and the movable plates comprise a left movable plate arranged on the left side of the heating box and a right movable plate arranged on the right side of the heating box; a first movable cavity is arranged in the left side mounting block, one end of the left side material receiving plate is arranged in the first movable cavity, a connecting spring is arranged on the inner wall of the first movable cavity, and one end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected with the left side material receiving plate; a fixed block is arranged in the first movable cavity, a first connecting block is arranged on the fixed block, and a lug is arranged on the first connecting block; a second movable cavity matched with the first connecting block is arranged on the left material receiving plate, and a groove matched with the bump is formed in the inner wall of the second movable cavity; a third movable cavity is arranged on the side wall of the heating box, a first cam is arranged in the third movable cavity, and a fourth movable cavity matched with the mounting block is arranged on one side of the third movable cavity; sliding rails are arranged on two sides of the left mounting block, and a first sliding block matched with the sliding rails is arranged on the left mounting block; the bottoms of the left material receiving plate and the right material receiving plate are respectively provided with a second connecting block, the second connecting block is provided with a third connecting block, the third connecting block is provided with a hydraulic cylinder, the bottoms of the left movable plate and the right movable plate are provided with a fourth connecting block, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with the fourth connecting block; the material loading device is characterized in that a vibration assembly is arranged below the material loading device, the vibration assembly comprises a vibration motor arranged on the side wall of the heating box, a transmission shaft arranged on an output shaft of the vibration motor and a second cam arranged on the transmission shaft, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic cylinder, a cooling pipe is arranged in the heat insulation layer, a medicament box is arranged on the side wall of the heating box, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe of the cooling pipe are respectively connected with the medicament box; the heating cabinet bottom is equipped with first spout, be equipped with the second spout on the sealing door inner wall, connect the workbin bottom be equipped with first spout matched with second slider.

The invention has the following advantages: the heating box is pumped into a vacuum state through a gas transmission pipe, so that the boiling point of mercury is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced; the batteries on the loading device are shaken and dispersed through the vibration of the material receiving plate, so that the batteries are uniformly distributed on the loading device, the batteries can be uniformly heated, and the effect of treating the waste batteries is improved; the battery is collected surplus raw materials in the workbin that drops that can be convenient after finishing collecting mercury through the setting of fly leaf, promotes useless battery recovery efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at B.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-3, a vacuum heating apparatus for waste battery recycling includes a heating box 1, a material loading device disposed in the heating box 1, and a material receiving box 6 disposed below the material loading device, wherein the material receiving box 6 is disposed at the bottom of the heating box 1; a heating rod 17 is arranged on the side wall of the heating box 1; the two groups of heating rods are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the heating box, and the heating rods are arranged above the material loading device, so that batteries on the material loading device can be rapidly heated; a feeding hole 11 is formed in the top of the heating box 1, and a sealing cover 111 is arranged on the feeding hole 11; the sealing cover is connected with the feeding hole through threads, and the sealing cover can be conveniently opened to put the battery into the heating box when the feeding hole feeds the battery; the feeding hole is arranged above the material loading device; an air pipe 21 is arranged on one side of the feed port 11, the air pipe 21 is communicated with the interior of the heating box 1, an air pump 22 is arranged on the air pipe 21, a condenser pipe 23 is also arranged on the air pipe, and the condenser pipe is arranged at the tail part of the air pipe; a collecting box 24 is arranged on one side of the heating box 1, the gas pipe 21 is communicated with the collecting box 24, a discharge hole 241 is arranged on one side of the collecting box 24, and a valve 242 is arranged on the discharge hole 241; the material loading device comprises a mounting block arranged on the inner wall of the heating box 1, a material receiving plate arranged on the mounting block and capable of generating vibration, and a movable plate arranged on the material receiving plate and capable of performing folding movement, the movable plate is hinged to the material receiving plate, and the movable plate is arranged in the middle of the material receiving plate; collecting waste batteries, putting the collected waste batteries into a heating box through a feeding hole, opening a valve to enable a collecting box to be communicated with the outside, sucking air in the heating box into the collecting box through an air pump, discharging the air in the collecting box to the outside through a discharging hole, closing the valve after forming a vacuum environment in the heating box, keeping the inside of the heating box in a sealed state, and heating the batteries through a heating rod; vibration is generated in the process of heating the batteries of the material receiving plate, so that the batteries are uniformly dispersed on the material receiving plate to improve the heating effect of the batteries; the evaporated mercury enters the gas transmission pipe, and is cooled by the coolant in the condensing pipe to form liquid mercury which falls into the collecting box, and the mercury is recycled; after the battery is heated, the movable plate is turned over downwards to open the notch, and the residual battery raw materials drop into the material receiving box from the material receiving plate, so that the residual battery raw materials are conveniently transported to next equipment for further recovery processing.

The mounting blocks comprise a left mounting block 35 arranged on the left side of the heating box 1 and a right mounting block arranged on the right side of the heating box 1; the material receiving plates comprise a left material receiving plate 31 arranged on the left side of the heating box 1 and a right material receiving plate 32 arranged on the right side of the heating box 1, the movable plates comprise a left movable plate 33 arranged on the left side of the heating box 1 and a right movable plate 34 arranged on the right side of the heating box 1, the left mounting block and the right mounting block are identical in structure, the left material receiving plate and the right material receiving plate are identical in structure, and the left movable plate and the right movable plate are identical in structure; the left side fly leaf connects the connected mode of flitch the same with the connected mode of right side fly leaf and right side flitch, and the left side connects the connected mode of flitch and left side installation piece the same with the connected mode of right side flitch and right side installation piece.

A first movable cavity 352 is arranged in the left mounting block 35, one end of the left material receiving plate 31 is arranged in the first movable cavity 352, a connecting spring 3521 is arranged on the inner wall of the first movable cavity 352, one end of the connecting spring 3521 is fixedly connected with the left material receiving plate 31, and the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first movable cavity; connecting spring is equipped with the upper and lower both sides that the left side connects the flitch respectively, and the left side connects the flitch to play and supports the fixed action, is convenient for enlarge the vibrations that connect the flitch through connecting spring, and the better battery that will connect on the flitch is shaken to be dispersed and is made the even distribution of battery on connecing the flitch.

A fixed block 3522 is arranged in the first movable cavity 352 and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first movable cavity, a first connecting block 3523 is arranged on the fixed block 3522, and a bump is arranged on the first connecting block 3523; the two groups of convex blocks are respectively arranged on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the first connecting block; a second movable cavity 312 matched with the first connecting block 3523 is arranged on the left material receiving plate 31, and a groove 313 matched with the bump is arranged on the inner wall of the second movable cavity 312; the diameter of the second movable cavity is larger than that of the first connecting block, and the convex block can move up and down along the inner wall of the groove; the convex block is embedded into the groove, the material receiving plate is stably fixed in the heating box under the fixing effect, and the material receiving plate is convenient to bear more batteries.

The material loading device is provided with a vibration assembly below, and the vibration assembly comprises a vibration motor 51 arranged on the side wall of the heating box 1, a transmission shaft 52 arranged on an output shaft of the vibration motor 51 and a second cam 53 arranged on the transmission shaft 52.

When the batteries are placed on the material carrying plate for heating, the vibration motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the second cam is discontinuously matched with the material receiving plate to push the material receiving plate to move upwards, the material receiving plate moves upwards while the groove arranged on the bottom surface of the material receiving plate moves upwards, the lug arranged on the bottom surface of the first connecting block enters the groove arranged on the bottom surface of the material receiving plate, the first connecting block has a limiting effect on the material receiving plate, the lower side surface of the second movable cavity is contacted with the bottom surface of the first connecting block and then falls off under the action of self gravity, the connecting spring has a certain cushioning effect on the material receiving plate and drives the material receiving plate to continuously vibrate, the material receiving plate continuously generates vibration in the vertical direction under the action of the second cam, the batteries stacked on the material receiving plate are shaken off, the batteries on the upper layer fall onto the material receiving plate, and the batteries on the lower layer can be rapidly heated to reach the boiling point of mercury, the efficiency of mercury recovery is promoted, and the battery recovery efficiency is increased.

A third movable cavity 16 is arranged on the side wall of the heating box 1, a first cam 161 is arranged in the third movable cavity 16, and a fourth movable cavity 18 matched with the mounting block is arranged on one side of the third movable cavity 16; a rotating motor is arranged in the side wall of the heating box, an output shaft of the rotating motor penetrates through the third movable cavity, and the first cam is sleeved on the output shaft of the rotating motor; the mounting block can move along the inner wall of the fourth movable cavity; the third movable cavities are two groups and are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the heating box, and the corresponding first cam and the corresponding fourth movable cavities are also two groups.

The left side installation piece 35 both sides are equipped with slide rail 36, be equipped with on the left side installation piece 35 with slide rail 36 matched with first slider 351, both sides about the left side installation piece are located to the slide rail, and the distance between the slide rail of both sides is the same with the diameter of left side installation piece about locating the left side installation piece, through the slide rail of upper and lower two places with left side installation piece centre gripping between the slide rail, play fixed mounting effect to the left side installation piece.

When the batteries are placed on the material receiving plate for heating treatment, the rotating motor rotates to drive the first cam to rotate, the first cam collides with the side wall of the mounting block in the rotating process to push the mounting block to move towards the inner side of the heating box, and the mounting block moves along the fourth movable cavity; the first sliding block slides along the sliding rail, so that the mounting block moves more stably; the first cams arranged on the two sides of the inner wall of the heating box rotate synchronously, when the flange of the first cam on the left side rotates to the left side, the flange of the first cam on the right side also rotates to the left side, and the material carrying plate is pushed to do reciprocating horizontal motion in the box body through the mutual matching action of the first cams on the two sides of the heating box, so that the batteries are uniformly dispersed on the material receiving plate to improve the heating effect of the batteries; the first cam drives the material receiving plate to do reciprocating horizontal motion and the second cam drives the material receiving plate to do reciprocating vertical motion, so that the material receiving plate generates multi-directional vibration, the vibration effect of the material receiving plate is increased, batteries on the material receiving plate are effectively shaken and dispersed, the batteries are uniformly distributed on the material receiving plate, and the recovery treatment efficiency of the batteries is uniformly increased when the batteries are heated.

The bottoms of the left material receiving plate 31 and the right material receiving plate 32 are respectively provided with a second connecting block 311, the second connecting block 311 is provided with a third connecting block 3111, the third connecting block 3111 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 37, the bottoms of the left movable plate 31 and the right movable plate 34 are provided with a fourth connecting block 331, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 37 is movably connected with the fourth connecting block 331, the fourth connecting block is of a triangular structure, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on one side of the triangular structure of the fourth connecting block, and the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in an inclined manner; the flange of the second cam can intermittently contact the bottoms of the second connecting block and the third connecting block when the second cam rotates, so that the second connecting block is pushed to move upwards, and the material receiving plate is driven to move upwards; one end of the left movable plate is provided with a first concave part, the right movable plate is provided with a second concave part matched with the first concave part, and the first concave part and the second concave part are matched with each other to increase the connection effect of the two movable plates and enable the two movable plates to form a plane more stably.

When the batteries are heated on the material receiving plate, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends out to support the movable plate, so that the movable plate and the material receiving plate are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are matched with the material receiving plate to support the batteries; after the batteries are heated, the hydraulic cylinder contracts the piston rod to enable the movable plates to be turned downwards to form a notch, the movable plates on the left side and the right side are turned downwards simultaneously to increase the diameter of the notch, so that the batteries can fall into the material receiving box from the material receiving plate conveniently, and the residual battery raw materials are collected; when the movable plate is opened, the first cam and the second cam can continue to work to enable the material receiving plate to generate vibration, and batteries are shaken off from a notch formed by the movable plate in the vibration of the material receiving plate, so that the batteries on the material receiving plate can be cleaned conveniently.

A heat insulation layer 45 is arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic cylinder 37, a cooling pipe 44 is arranged in the heat insulation layer 45, and two groups of reagent boxes 41 are arranged on the side wall of the heating box 1 and are respectively arranged on the side walls of the two sides of the heating box; the liquid inlet pipe 42 and the liquid outlet pipe 43 of the cooling pipe 44 are respectively connected with the chemical box 41; the cooling pipe is wound on the side wall of the hydraulic cylinder and made of a hose material, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are respectively arranged in the second connecting block and the third connecting block in a penetrating manner, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are respectively coated with a heat insulation coating, and the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a water pump to help the coolant in the cooling pipe to circularly flow; coolant in the chemical tank enters into the cooling tube through the feed liquor pipe, plays the cooling effect to the pneumatic cylinder through the contact of cooling tube and pneumatic cylinder, promotes the thermal-insulated effect of insulating layer to the pneumatic cylinder, plays the guard action to the pneumatic cylinder, prolongs the life of pneumatic cylinder.

A discharge port 12 is formed in the side wall of the heating box 1, and a sealing door 13 is movably connected to the side wall of the discharge port 12; the movable connection is hinged; the bottom of the heating box 1 is provided with a first sliding chute 15, the inner wall of the sealing door 13 is provided with a second sliding chute 131, and the first sliding chute and the second sliding chute have the same structure; the bottom of the material receiving box 6 is provided with a second sliding block 61 matched with the first sliding groove 15; and a fifth connecting block 14 is arranged on the side wall of the heating box, a first through hole is arranged on the fifth connecting block, and a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole is arranged on the sealing door.

When the battery is heated in the heating box, the sealing door is turned upwards to be in contact with the side wall of the heating box, one end of the sealing door is positioned below the fifth connecting block, the limiting rod 141 is inserted into the first through hole, the bottom of the limiting rod is inserted into the second through hole to fix the sealing door, the heating box is in a sealed state, and air is prevented from entering the heating box to influence the battery recovery process; when surplus battery raw materials are collected in connecing the workbin, extract the gag lever post and make the sealing door turn over down and roll over and be in the horizontality, first spout and second spout interconnect form new spout, drag and connect the workbin and move outward, make the second slider move outside to the heating cabinet along first spout and second spout, be convenient for carry out recovery processing to surplus battery raw materials, increase the treatment effeciency to battery recovery.

Claims

1. A vacuum heating device for waste battery recovery treatment comprises a heating box (1), a material carrying device arranged in the heating box (1) and a material receiving box (6) arranged below the material carrying device, wherein the material receiving box (6) is arranged at the bottom of the heating box (1); a heating rod (17) is arranged on the side wall of the heating box (1); a feeding hole (11) is formed in the top of the heating box (1), and a sealing cover (111) is arranged on the feeding hole (11); an air pipe (21) is arranged on one side of the feed port (11), the air pipe (21) is communicated with the interior of the heating box (1), an air pump (22) is arranged on the air pipe (21), a collecting box (24) is arranged on one side of the heating box (1), the air pipe (21) is communicated with the collecting box (24), a discharge port (241) is arranged on one side of the collecting box (24), and a valve (242) is arranged on the discharge port (241); the method is characterized in that: the material loading device comprises a mounting block arranged on the inner wall of the heating box (1), a material receiving plate arranged on the mounting block and capable of generating vibration, and a movable plate arranged on the material receiving plate and capable of performing folding movement; the mounting blocks comprise a left mounting block (35) arranged on the left side of the heating box (1) and a right mounting block arranged on the right side of the heating box (1); the material receiving plates comprise a left material receiving plate (31) arranged on the left side of the heating box (1) and a right material receiving plate (32) arranged on the right side of the heating box (1), and the movable plates comprise a left movable plate (33) arranged on the left side of the heating box (1) and a right movable plate (34) arranged on the right side of the heating box (1); a first movable cavity (352) is arranged in the left mounting block (35), one end of the left material receiving plate (31) is arranged in the first movable cavity (352), a connecting spring (3521) is arranged on the inner wall of the first movable cavity (352), and one end of the connecting spring (3521) is fixedly connected with the left material receiving plate (31); a fixed block (3522) is arranged in the first movable cavity (352), a first connecting block (3523) is arranged on the fixed block (3522), and a lug is arranged on the first connecting block (3523); a second movable cavity (312) matched with the first connecting block (3523) is formed in the left material receiving plate (31), and a groove (313) matched with the bump is formed in the inner wall of the second movable cavity (312); a third movable cavity (16) is arranged on the side wall of the heating box (1), a first cam (161) is arranged in the third movable cavity (16), and a fourth movable cavity (18) matched with the mounting block is arranged on one side of the third movable cavity (16); sliding rails (36) are arranged on two sides of the left mounting block (35), and a first sliding block (351) matched with the sliding rails (36) is arranged on the left mounting block (35); the bottom of the left material receiving plate (31) and the bottom of the right material receiving plate (32) are respectively provided with a second connecting block (311), the second connecting block (311) is provided with a third connecting block (3111), the third connecting block (3111) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (37), the bottom of the left movable plate (31) and the bottom of the right movable plate (34) are provided with a fourth connecting block (331), and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (37) is movably connected with the fourth connecting block (331); a vibration assembly is arranged below the material loading device, the vibration assembly comprises a vibration motor (51) arranged on the side wall of the heating box (1), a transmission shaft (52) arranged on an output shaft of the vibration motor (51) and a second cam (53) arranged on the transmission shaft (52), a heat insulation layer (45) is arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic cylinder (37), a cooling pipe (44) is arranged in the heat insulation layer (45), a medicament box (41) is arranged on the side wall of the heating box (1), a liquid inlet pipe (42) and a liquid outlet pipe (43) of the cooling pipe (44) are respectively connected with the medicament box (41), a discharge port (12) is arranged on the side wall of the heating box (1), and a sealing door (13) is movably connected onto the side wall of the discharge port (12); heating cabinet (1) bottom is equipped with first spout (15), be equipped with second spout (131) on sealing door (13) inner wall, connect workbin (6) bottom be equipped with first spout (15) matched with second slider (61).