CN110627154A - Wastewater treatment system and process containing first-class pollutants - Google Patents
Wastewater treatment system and process containing first-class pollutants Download PDFInfo
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- CN110627154A CN110627154A CN201810552488.7A CN201810552488A CN110627154A CN 110627154 A CN110627154 A CN 110627154A CN 201810552488 A CN201810552488 A CN 201810552488A CN 110627154 A CN110627154 A CN 110627154A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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Abstract
The invention provides a wastewater treatment system and a process containing a first pollutant, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps of reacting ferrous sulfide and adsorbing the wastewater containing the first pollutant in continuous aeration and wastewater containing the first pollutant with the pH value of 7 ~ 10, the wastewater treatment system and the process are simple, the equipment manufacturing and operating cost are low, the wastewater containing the first pollutant is treated by dissolving the ferrous sulfide, FeS is quickly oxidized and dissolved, the first pollutant in the wastewater can be efficiently removed in a short time, and the removal rate of the pollutant As (V) reaches 92.3 percent ~ 98.7.7 percent and Pb is up to 92.3 percent when the wastewater is treated for 10min2+The removal rate is as high as 95.7 percent ~ 99.8.8 percent, and Ni2+The removal rate is up to 96.0 percent ~ 99.8.8 percent, and the dirt can be removed after 1 hourThe dye is completely removed, and the pollutant removal is efficient and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a system and a process for treating wastewater containing first pollutants, which are used for treating wastewater containing the first pollutants (mainly total As, total Pb, total Ni and the like) discharged from various factory workshops by dissolving ferrous sulfide (FeS).
Background
At present, sewage containing pollutants such as arsenic, lead, nickel and the like is generated in the production and operation processes of most factory workshops, and is classified as the first class of pollutants by the national comprehensive discharge standard of sewage (GB 8978-. Arsenic, lead, nickel and the like belong to toxic heavy metals or toxic nonmetal substances and have serious harmfulness, and if sewage containing the toxic substances is not treated or is discharged to surface water or underground water body without reaching the standard, serious harm is caused to human health, so that strict control is required. The integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB 8978-. Under the environment with higher and higher environmental protection requirements at the present stage, the method has higher requirements on the treatment process of the first class of pollutants in the wastewater.
At present, the processes for treating the sewage containing the first pollutant in various workshops at home and abroad are not many, and the currently adopted treatment process is a method combining micro-porous aeration and efficient flocculation. The method is characterized in that a certain amount of iron salt is originally contained in the workshop wastewater, and a plurality of heavy metal ions and the iron salt in the wastewater are enabled to generate stable ferrite precipitate through controlling process conditions. When the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted to be alkaline, As, Pb, Ni and the like in the wastewater and Fe2+、Fe3+Coprecipitation occurs, thereby achieving the purpose of removing wastewater pollutants. The method has the characteristics of low cost, simple method, easy operation, low investment and the like, but has the characteristics of low pollutant removal rate and long retention time due to the limitation of low iron salt content in the sewage. In addition, oxidation flocculation is carried out under the condition of Fe (II) salt aeration to remove Pb, As, Ni and the like, even if a pH buffer is added in the process, the pH value is still rapidly reduced along with the progress of oxidation reaction, Fe (II) salt in the wastewater is not completely utilized, and the removal rate of pollutants is further low. It is difficult to improve the removal rate even when Fe (II) salt is added to the external environment during the treatmentBut will cause resource waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system and process for treating wastewater containing a first type of pollutant, the treatment process comprising the steps of: in the continuous aeration and wastewater containing the first type of pollutants and with the pH value of 7-10, ferrous sulfide reacts and adsorbs the wastewater containing the first type of pollutants. Ferrous sulfide widely exists in an anoxic or anaerobic environment in the nature, oxidation and dissolution reaction can occur in the aerobic environment, and the formed secondary iron minerals have high adsorption sites and can efficiently adsorb first-class pollutants in wastewater. The wastewater treatment system and the process are simple, the equipment manufacturing and operation cost is low, the ferrous sulfide is used for dissolving and treating the wastewater containing the first class of pollutants, FeS is quickly oxidized and dissolved, the first class of pollutants in the wastewater can be efficiently removed in a short time, the removal rate of the pollutants As (V) is up to 92.3% -98.7% when the wastewater is treated for 10min, and the Pb (aluminum) is removed2+The removal rate is as high as 95.7 to 99.8 percent, and Ni2+The removal rate is up to 96.0-99.8%; the pollutants can be completely removed after 1h, and the removal of the pollutants is efficient and stable.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a process for treating wastewater containing a first type of pollutant, comprising the steps of: in the continuous aeration and wastewater containing the first type of pollutants and with the pH value of 7-10, ferrous sulfide reacts and adsorbs the wastewater containing the first type of pollutants.
Under the conditions that the pH value of wastewater containing the first pollutants is 7-10 and continuous aeration is performed, ferrous sulfide rapidly generates solid-phase surface oxidation and liquid-phase oxidation processes, secondary iron minerals (such as hydrated iron minerals and Lepidocrite) formed by conversion in a liquid phase provide a large number of adsorption sites, and the pollutants such as arsenic ions, lead ions, nickel ions and the like are strongly adsorbed, so that the purpose of efficiently removing the first pollutants in the wastewater is achieved.
Preferably, the first type of contaminant is selected from one or more of arsenic ions, lead ions and nickel ions.
Preferably, the ratio of the ferrous sulfide to the wastewater containing the first pollutant is 1-3 g: 1L, such as 1-2 g: 1L or 2-3 g: 1L of the compound.
Preferably, a pH regulator is added into the wastewater containing the first pollutants to regulate the pH to be 7-10. The pH adjusting agent is a commonly used solution for adjusting pH, such as: MOPS, sodium borate, and the like.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the water body obtained after the adsorption treatment to respectively obtain supernatant and lower-layer precipitates. And discharging the supernatant after the first class of pollutants reach the standard and discharging the supernatant out of a workshop decontamination water treatment plant (or station).
More preferably, at least one of the following technical characteristics is also included:
1) detecting the water body obtained after adsorption treatment, determining that adsorption is finished according to a detection result, and then performing solid-liquid separation;
2) and (4) carrying out sludge drying on the lower-layer precipitate obtained after solid-liquid separation.
The invention provides a wastewater treatment system containing a first type of pollutant, which comprises a wastewater reactor, a blower for continuously aerating wastewater containing the first type of pollutant, a pH regulator storage tank, a ferrous sulfide supply unit and a wastewater supply unit containing the first type of pollutant, wherein the blower, the pH regulator storage tank, the ferrous sulfide supply unit and the wastewater supply unit containing the first type of pollutant are respectively communicated with the wastewater reactor in a fluid mode.
Preferably, a solid-liquid separation unit in fluid communication with the sewage reactor is also included.
More preferably, the solid-liquid separation unit is a sewage settling tank.
More preferably, the drying device further comprises a drying pool, the solid-liquid separation unit is provided with a solid phase outlet, and the solid phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit is communicated with the drying pool in a fluid mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) ferrous sulfide widely exists in nature, a plurality of channels are obtained, manual preparation is not difficult, the sewage treatment process is simple, and the equipment manufacturing and operating cost is low;
(2) the invention contains the first kind of sewageThe removal rate of pollutants As (V) reaches 92.3 to 98.7 percent and Pb is high when the wastewater treatment process for the dye is used for treating for 10min2+The removal rate is as high as 95.7 to 99.8 percent, and Ni2+The removal rate is up to 96.0-99.8%; the pollutants can be completely removed after 1h, the removal of the pollutants is efficient and stable, and the labor hour, the power consumption and other multiple costs are reduced;
(3) the treated sludge contains dangerous substances such As Pb, As, Ni and the like, can be transferred to units with corresponding qualifications for treatment, and can realize heavy metal recovery or other functions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a wastewater treatment system containing a first type of contaminant.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of As (V) content in the wastewater treatment process by FeS under different initial As (V) concentrations.
(a)pH 7.0；(b)pH 9.8。
Reference numerals:
1-a sewage reactor;
2-a blower;
3-a pH regulator storage tank;
4-a ferrous sulfide supply unit;
5-a unit for wastewater containing a first type of contaminant;
6-a solid-liquid separation unit;
7-drying tank.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a wastewater treatment system containing a first type of pollutant comprises a wastewater reactor 1, a blower 2 for continuously aerating wastewater containing the first type of pollutant, a pH adjusting agent storage tank 3, a ferrous sulfide supply unit 4 and a wastewater supply unit 5 containing the first type of pollutant, wherein the blower 2, the pH adjusting agent storage tank 3, the ferrous sulfide supply unit 4 and the wastewater supply unit 5 containing the first type of pollutant are respectively in fluid communication with the wastewater reactor 1.
In a preferred embodiment, further comprising a solid-liquid separation unit 6 in fluid communication with the sewage reactor 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the solid-liquid separation unit 6 is a sewage settling tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the drying device further comprises a drying pool 7, the solid-liquid separation unit 6 is provided with a solid phase outlet, and the solid phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit 6 is in fluid communication with the drying pool 7.
Example 1
The present embodiment further illustrates the present invention by taking the case of treating As (V) in sewage as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
1) Two groups of NaH-containing materials are arranged2AsO4·7H2250mL of NaCl solution of O is placed in the sewage reactor 1, a stirrer of the sewage reactor is started to continuously stir, and the blower 2 is started to continuously and uniformly aerate the sewage (the first group: NaH)2AsO4·7H2O concentrations were 50, 100, 200mg L, respectively-1(ii) a Second group: NaH2AsO4·7H2O concentrations were 20 and 50mg L, respectively-1)。
2) Adding FeS into the sewage reactor, calculating the dosage according to the sewage volume in the sewage reactor, and finally ensuring that the concentration of the FeS in the sewage reactor is 1g L-1(i.e., the ratio of ferrous sulfide to wastewater containing the first type of contaminant is 1 g: 1L); under the condition of keeping other conditions unchanged, the FeS concentration in the sewage solution is changed to be 2 (namely the ratio of ferrous sulfide to the wastewater containing the first pollutant is 2 g: 1L), 3g L-1(the ratio of ferrous sulfide to wastewater containing the first pollutant is 3 g: 1L) to be treated.
3) Starting a pH regulator storage tank 3, adding MOPS and sodium borate buffer solution to regulate the pH of the sewage solution, so that the pH of the two groups of solutions are 7.0 and 9.8 respectively, and closing a valve of the pH regulator storage tank when the two groups of solutions are stable;
4) in the process of treating pollutants by FeS oxidation and dissolution, sampling from a sewage reactor at certain intervals to analyze the content change of the main first class As (V) in the sewage.
5) After 10min of reaction, the initial concentrations of As (V) for the first group were 50, 100 and 200mg L-1Of FeS concentration of 1g L-1The As (V) removal rates are respectively 92.3%, 93.4% and 96.6%; FeS concentration of 2g L-1The As (V) removal rates are respectively 94.8%, 95.8% and 97.6%; FeS concentration of 3g L-1The As (V) removal rates are respectively 96.9%, 97.8% and 98.7%; after 1h, the pollutants are completely removed, and no release phenomenon is generated subsequently, which shows that the effect is good and stable. After 10min of reaction, the initial concentration of As (V) for the second group was 20, 50mg L-1Of FeS concentration of 1g L-1When the removal rate of As (V) is 93.1% and 96.0%, respectively; FeS concentration of 2g L-1The As (V) removal rates are respectively 94.5 percent and 96.6 percent; FeS concentration of 3g L-1The As (V) removal rates are 95.7 percent and 97.8 percent respectively; after 1h, the pollutants are completely removed, and no release phenomenon is generated subsequently, which shows that the effect is good and stable.
6) After the reaction is finished, the treated sewage is discharged to a solid-liquid separation unit 6 such as an inclined plate sedimentation tank for separation, the first class of pollutants in the supernatant is discharged out of a decontamination treatment plant (or station) in a workshop after reaching the standard, and the lower layer of precipitated sludge enters a drying tank 7 for further treatment.
Example 2
This example is to treat Pb in sewage2+The present invention will be further described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
1) Two groups of Pb-containing materials are arranged2+250mL of NaCl solution is placed in the sewage reactor 1, a stirrer of the sewage reactor is started to continuously stir, and the blower 2 is started to continuously and uniformly aerate the sewage (the first group: Pb)2+The concentration is 50, 100 and 200mg L respectively-1(ii) a Second group: pb2+The concentration is 20 mg L and 50mg L respectively-1)。
2) Adding FeS into the sewage reactor, calculating the dosage according to the sewage volume in the sewage reactor, and finally ensuring that the concentration of the FeS in the sewage reactor is 1g L-1(ii) a Under the condition of keeping other conditions unchanged, the FeS concentration in the sewage solution is changed to 2 and 3g L-1And (6) processing.
3) Starting a pH regulator storage tank 3, adding MOPS and sodium borate buffer solution to regulate the pH of the sewage solution, so that the pH of the two groups of solutions are 7.0 and 9.8 respectively, and closing a valve of the pH regulator storage tank when the two groups of solutions are stable;
4) in the process of treating pollutants by FeS oxidation and dissolution, a first class of main substances Pb in sewage is sampled and analyzed from a sewage reactor at certain intervals2+The content was varied.
5) After 10min of reaction, for the first Pb group2+Initial concentrations were 50, 100, 200mg L-1Of FeS concentration of 1g L-1Of time, Pb2+The removal rates are respectively 95.7%, 96.1% and 97.9%; FeS concentration of 2g L-1Of time, Pb2+The removal rates are respectively 97.2%, 98.3% and 99.1%; FeS concentration of 3g L-1Of time, Pb2+The removal rates are 97.9 percent, 98.7 percent and 99.5 percent respectively; after 1h, the pollutants are completely removed, and no release phenomenon is generated subsequently, which shows that the effect is good and stable. After 10min of reaction, a second group of Pb2+Initial concentration was 20, 50mg L-1Of FeS concentration of 1g L-1Of time, Pb2+The removal rates are respectively 98.1% and 99.5%; FeS concentration of 2g L-1Of time, Pb2+The removal rates are respectively 99.1% and 99.8%; FeS concentration of 3g L-1Of time, Pb2+The removal rates were 99.3% and 99.8%, respectively. After 1h, the pollutants are completely removed, and no release phenomenon is generated subsequently, which shows that the effect is good and stable.
6) After the reaction is finished, the treated sewage is discharged to a solid-liquid separation unit 6 such as an inclined plate sedimentation tank for separation, the first class of pollutants in the supernatant is discharged out of a decontamination treatment plant (or station) in a workshop after reaching the standard, and the lower layer of precipitated sludge enters a drying tank 7 for further treatment.
Example 3
This example is to treat Ni in sewage2+The present invention will be further described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
1) Two groups of Ni-containing materials are arranged2+NaCl solution of (2)250mL of the solution is placed in the sewage reactor 1, a stirrer of the sewage reactor is started to continuously stir, and the blower 2 is started to continuously and uniformly aerate the sewage (first group: Ni)2+The concentration is 50, 100 and 200mg L respectively-1(ii) a Second group: ni2+The concentration is 20 mg L and 50mg L respectively-1)。
2) Adding FeS into the sewage reactor, calculating the dosage according to the sewage volume in the sewage reactor, and finally ensuring that the concentration of the FeS in the sewage reactor is 1g L-1(ii) a Under the condition of keeping other conditions unchanged, the FeS concentration in the sewage solution is changed to 2 and 3g L-1And (6) processing.
3) Starting a pH regulator storage tank 3, adding MOPS and sodium borate buffer solution to regulate the pH of the sewage solution, so that the pH of the two groups of solutions are 7.0 and 9.8 respectively, and closing a valve of the pH regulator storage tank when the two groups of solutions are stable;
4) in the process of treating pollutants by FeS oxidation and dissolution, a first class of main substances Ni in sewage are sampled and analyzed from a sewage reactor at certain intervals2+The content was varied.
5) After 10min of reaction, Ni for the first group2+Initial concentrations were 50, 100, 200mg L-1Of FeS concentration of 1g L-1In time of (i), Ni2+The removal rates are respectively 96.0%, 97.2% and 98.4%; FeS concentration of 2g L-1In time of (i), Ni2+The removal rates are respectively 97.4%, 98.9% and 99.3%; FeS concentration of 3g L-1In time of (i), Ni2+The removal rates were 98.1%, 98.9%, and 99.6%, respectively. After 1h, the pollutants are completely removed, and no release phenomenon is generated subsequently, which shows that the effect is good and stable. After reaction for 10min, the second group of Ni2+Initial concentration was 20, 50mg L-1Of FeS concentration of 1g L-1In time of (i), Ni2+The removal rates are respectively 98.1% and 99.4%; FeS concentration of 2g L-1In time of (i), Ni2+The removal rates are respectively 99.2% and 99.7%; FeS concentration of 3g L-1In time of (i), Ni2+The removal rates were 99.5% and 99.8%, respectively. After 1h, the pollutants are completely removed, and no release phenomenon is generated subsequently, which shows that the effect is good and stable.
6) After the reaction is finished, the treated sewage is discharged to a solid-liquid separation unit 6 such as an inclined plate sedimentation tank for separation, the first class of pollutants in the supernatant is discharged out of a decontamination treatment plant (or station) in a workshop after reaching the standard, and the lower layer of precipitated sludge enters a drying tank 7 for further treatment.
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for treating wastewater containing a first class of contaminants, comprising the steps of: in the continuous aeration and wastewater containing the first type of pollutants and with the pH value of 7-10, ferrous sulfide reacts and adsorbs the wastewater containing the first type of pollutants.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the first contaminant species is selected from one or more of the group consisting of arsenic ions, lead ions, and nickel ions.
3. The process for treating wastewater containing the first type of pollutant according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of ferrous sulfide to wastewater containing the first type of pollutant is 1-3 g: 1L of the compound.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the wastewater containing the first type of pollutant is adjusted to a pH of 7 to 10 by adding a pH adjusting agent.
5. The process of claim 1, further comprising: and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the water body obtained after the adsorption treatment to respectively obtain supernatant and lower-layer precipitates.
6. The process of claim 5, further comprising at least one of the following technical features:
1) detecting the water body obtained after adsorption treatment, determining that adsorption is finished according to a detection result, and then performing solid-liquid separation;
2) and (4) carrying out sludge drying on the lower-layer precipitate obtained after solid-liquid separation.
7. The wastewater treatment system containing the first type of pollutants is characterized by comprising a wastewater reactor (1), a blower (2) for continuously aerating wastewater containing the first type of pollutants, a pH regulator storage tank (3), a ferrous sulfide supply unit (4) and a wastewater supply unit (5) containing the first type of pollutants, wherein the blower (2), the pH regulator storage tank (3), the ferrous sulfide supply unit (4) and the wastewater supply unit (5) containing the first type of pollutants are respectively in fluid communication with the wastewater reactor (1).
8. The wastewater treatment system containing contaminants of the first type according to claim 7, further comprising a solid-liquid separation unit (6) in fluid communication with the wastewater reactor (1).
9. The wastewater treatment system containing contaminants of the first type according to claim 8, wherein the solid-liquid separation unit (6) is a sewage settling tank.
10. The wastewater treatment system containing contaminants of the first type according to claim 8, further comprising a drying tank (7), wherein the solid-liquid separation unit (6) is provided with a solid phase outlet, and the solid phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit (6) is in fluid communication with the drying tank (7).
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| CN117342776A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-05 | 中煤科工集团杭州研究院有限公司 | Sludge composite conditioning and deep dewatering method |
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| CN117342776A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-05 | 中煤科工集团杭州研究院有限公司 | Sludge composite conditioning and deep dewatering method |
| CN117342776B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-03-19 | 中煤科工集团杭州研究院有限公司 | Sludge composite conditioning and deep dewatering method |
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