CN110626212B - Heat comprehensive utilization system for rail transit vehicle energy storage and photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents
Heat comprehensive utilization system for rail transit vehicle energy storage and photovoltaic power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110626212B CN110626212B CN201911016223.6A CN201911016223A CN110626212B CN 110626212 B CN110626212 B CN 110626212B CN 201911016223 A CN201911016223 A CN 201911016223A CN 110626212 B CN110626212 B CN 110626212B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive heat utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of a rail transit vehicle, which comprises a photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, a storage battery water-cooling panel, a main radiator, a waste exhaust radiator and a heating radiator, wherein the photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, the storage battery water-cooling panel, the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator participate in the system work under the working condition of summer; under the working condition in winter, the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, the storage battery water-cooling plate, the waste exhaust radiator and the heating radiator participate in the system work. According to the invention, the photovoltaic energy storage power generation system is improved by combining the characteristics of the vehicle, so that energy storage heat management, comprehensive utilization of energy of the photovoltaic cell power generation system and improvement of energy efficiency can be effectively realized, and the energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, and particularly relates to a comprehensive heat utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of a rail transit vehicle.
Background
With the diversified development of trains and railway technologies, rail transit exhibits diversified characteristics, and in addition to conventional traditional railways (national railways, intercity railways and urban railways), subways, light rails and trams, magnetic levitation track systems, monorail systems (straddle-type track systems and suspension-type track systems), automatic passenger express systems and the like gradually appear. The track traffic mileage in China increases year by year in 2010-2016, and the total mileage reaches 12.82 kilometers in 2016, wherein the railway operation mileage is 12.4 kilometers, and the urban track traffic is 0.42 kilometer. The rail transit system also consumes a large amount of electric power energy while bearing huge logistics transportation. Statistically, the power consumption of the railway system is about 700 hundred million kWh per year. The energy of the railway system is supplied by the urban network, and the urban network power supply is mainly based on thermal power, so that the proportion of the original railway power supply system in the energy supply is reduced by adopting a reasonable mode and clean renewable energy, the operation cost of the rail transit system can be reduced, and the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide can be reduced.
In recent years, in order to meet increasingly demanded regenerative braking energy recovery, traction power peak clipping and valley filling and emergency self-running capability, vehicle-mounted energy storage of rail transit is more and more emphasized. For a vehicle-mounted lithium battery energy storage system, temperature has a very important influence on the performance of a lithium battery. Firstly, the higher the temperature of the battery is, the higher the activity of the battery active material is, the charge and discharge voltage and capacity of the battery are increased, the internal resistance of the battery is correspondingly reduced, and the efficiency of the battery is improved. On the contrary, the battery temperature is too low, the activity of the battery is obviously reduced, the internal resistance and the polarization voltage of the battery are increased, the actual available capacity is reduced, the discharge platform is low, the battery can more easily reach the discharge cut-off voltage, and the available capacity of the battery is reduced, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the battery is reduced. Meanwhile, if the battery is operated in a high temperature environment for a long time, the life span of the battery may be significantly shortened, and the performance of the battery may be greatly reduced. And in summer high-temperature weather, the lithium battery pack can work in a severe thermal environment for a long time. Finally, the long-term uneven distribution of the temperature field in the battery box will cause the imbalance of the performance of each battery module and the single body, and the imbalance will cause the whole lithium battery pack to fail in advance, thereby shortening the service life of the battery. In addition, although the increase in the temperature of the battery increases the activity of the active material of the battery, if the temperature is too high, the progress of the reaction inside the battery is inhibited, and the performance of the battery is lowered and the risk of explosion of the battery is caused. The main reason for thermal runaway of lithium power batteries is that a large amount of heat is generated during the charging and discharging processes of the batteries, so that the temperature of the batteries is rapidly increased, the performances of the batteries are affected to a certain extent, and explosion can occur if the temperature is continuously increased beyond the safe use limit range. Therefore, for the use of the lithium battery, the working temperature of the lithium battery must be controlled within a proper range, and the energy storage and heat management are very important.
At present, domestic application of photovoltaic power generation in the field of rail transit mainly stays in a railway station installation photovoltaic power generation assembly supply station and domestic electricity consumption of staff along a railway, and related application of a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic power generation system is not reported. The area of the roof and the side surface of the domestic railway vehicle is wide and relatively flat, and the installed photovoltaic capacity of a train carriage can reach more than 5kW, so that the photovoltaic power generation units paved on the surface of the train can even meet the requirement of the operation of a train auxiliary system when the weather condition is good. In a word, the strategy that the vehicle-mounted photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the train auxiliary system can not only reduce the operation cost and create economic benefits, but also reduce the carbon emission and the power grid pressure and create social benefits. However, in the related patents related to the vehicle-mounted solar battery power generation, no comprehensive energy utilization method of a photovoltaic battery power generation system is involved.
The output conversion characteristic of the photovoltaic cell is greatly influenced by temperature, the output open-circuit voltage of the silicon photovoltaic cell is reduced along with the rise of the temperature, the filling factor is reduced along with the rise of the temperature, and the short-circuit current is increased along with the rise of the temperature. In addition, the photovoltaic cell temperature increases with increasing solar irradiance, and its output conversion efficiency decreases with increasing temperature, and in general, the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency decreases with increasing temperature. Due to the above problems of the photovoltaic cell, the direct application of photovoltaic power generation to vehicles brings great limitations.
The existing vehicle-mounted solar cell technology of rail transit vehicles, buses and the like does not realize comprehensive management and utilization of energy, so that the advantages of photovoltaic power generation and electric power storage energy storage cannot be exerted, the characteristics of the vehicles cannot be effectively utilized, and the reasonable application of photovoltaic and electric power storage energy storage power generation systems on the vehicles cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a comprehensive heat utilization system for rail transit vehicle energy storage and photovoltaic power generation, and the system is improved by combining a photovoltaic energy storage power generation system with the characteristics of a vehicle, so that energy storage heat management and comprehensive utilization and energy efficiency improvement of a photovoltaic battery power generation system can be effectively realized, and the energy utilization rate of a whole vehicle system is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a rail transit vehicle energy storage and photovoltaic power generation heat comprehensive utilization system comprises a photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, a storage battery water-cooling panel, a main radiator, a waste exhaust radiator and a heating radiator, wherein the photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, the storage battery water-cooling panel, the waste main radiator and the heating radiator are connected in parallel through water pipelines, water inlet ends connected in parallel are gathered and connected to a water pump, and water outlet ends connected in parallel are connected with one another; a photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 is arranged on a water pipeline of the photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, a storage battery water-cooling regulating valve M2 is arranged on a water pipeline of the storage battery water-cooling panel, a main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 is arranged on a water pipeline of the main radiator, a waste exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4 is arranged on a water pipeline of the waste exhaust radiator, and a heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 is arranged on a water pipeline of the heating radiator;
under the working condition of summer, the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, the storage battery water-cooling plate, the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator participate in the system work; cooling the water inside the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate and the storage battery water-cooling plate circularly by using the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced by adjusting the opening of each adjusting valve, adjusting the water flow through the water pump and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator;
under the working condition in winter, the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, the storage battery water-cooling plate, the waste exhaust radiator and the heating radiator participate in the system work; the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is recycled by water in the water-cooling panel of the photovoltaic panel, the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is utilized by the heating radiator in the carriage to assist in heating the carriage, and the waste exhaust radiator in the carriage is utilized to heat the water-cooling panel of the storage battery to heat and preserve heat of the energy storage system.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the quick switching between summer working conditions and winter working conditions and ensure that heat is comprehensively utilized without waste, an adjusting branch pipe I is led out from a water pipeline of a storage battery water-cooling plate at the rear section of the storage battery water-cooling regulating valve, an adjusting branch pipe II is led out from a water pipeline of a waste air exhaust radiator at the rear section of the waste air exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve, and the adjusting branch pipe I and the adjusting branch pipe II are connected to a water pump in a gathering manner; and the regulating branch pipe I is provided with a regulating valve M6, and the regulating branch pipe II is provided with a regulating valve M7.
Furthermore, in order to realize the omnibearing supervision and automatic regulation of the comprehensive heat utilization system, the heat is ensured to be utilized even, and the quick response of the system is ensured; further comprising: the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate is characterized in that a temperature sensor T1 and a temperature sensor T2 are arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, a temperature sensor T3 and a temperature sensor T4 are arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the storage battery water-cooling plate, a temperature sensor T5 is arranged at the position of the main radiator, a temperature sensor T6 is arranged at the position of the waste air exhaust radiator, a temperature sensor T7 is arranged after outlets of the main radiator, the waste air exhaust radiator and the heating radiator converge, a temperature sensor Tb is arranged on the storage battery, an ambient temperature sensor Tc is arranged in the carriage, and a central controller is arranged, signal ends of the temperature sensors are connected to the central controller, and the central controller is also in communication connection with a control end of each regulating valve, a control end of.
Further, under the working condition of summer, opening the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the storage battery water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7, and closing the waste exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4, the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 and the regulating valve M6; cooling the water inside the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate and the storage battery water-cooling plate circularly by using the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced by adjusting the opening of each adjusting valve, adjusting the water flow through the water pump and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced, so that the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved, and the service lives of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery are prolonged.
Further, the control strategy under the summer working condition is as follows: the opening of each regulating valve is regulated through a controller through the detection temperature of each temperature sensor, the water flow is regulated through a water pump, and the rotating speed of a fan of the main radiator is regulated;
if T1-T2 > -delta Tmax1 and delta Tmax1 is a preset photovoltaic maximum temperature difference value, the opening degree of the valve M1 is increased; if the opening degree of the valve M1 is maximum, controlling the water pump to increase the water flow;
if T3-T4 > -delta Tmax2 and delta Tmax2 is a preset maximum temperature difference of the accumulator, the opening degree of the valve M2 is increased; if the opening degree of the valve M2 is maximum, controlling the water pump to increase the water flow;
if T7 is larger than Tmax3 and Tmax3 is a preset upper temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator to be higher, and otherwise, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator to be lower;
if T7 is less than Tmax4 and Tmax4 is a preset lower temperature threshold value, the main radiator fan is turned off; and adjusting the opening degrees of the valves M3 and M7 to distribute the water flow of the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator, wherein M7 is fully opened, and M3 adjusts the opening degree to ensure that T7 is the lowest.
Further, the value of the delta Tmax1 is 5 ℃, the value of the delta Tmax2 is 5 ℃, the value of the Tmax3 is 40 ℃, and the value of the Tmax4 is 25 ℃.
Further, under the working condition of winter, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the waste exhaust heat-dissipation regulating valve M4, the heating heat-dissipation regulating valve M5 and the regulating valve M6 are opened, and the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat-dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed; the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is recycled by water in the water-cooling panel of the photovoltaic panel, the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is utilized by the heating radiator in the carriage to assist in heating the carriage, and the waste exhaust radiator in the carriage is utilized to heat the water-cooling panel of the storage battery to heat and preserve heat of the energy storage system.
Further, the control strategy under the winter condition is as follows: the opening of each regulating valve is regulated through a controller through the detection temperature of each temperature sensor, water in a water-cooling plate of the photovoltaic plate is recycled by utilizing waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic plate, a heating radiator in a carriage is used for assisting in heating the carriage by utilizing the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic plate, and a waste exhaust radiator in the carriage is used for heating a water-cooling plate of the storage battery to heat and preserve heat of an energy storage system;
if T1 is larger than Tb and Tb is smaller than Tmin1 and Tmin1 is a preset minimum working temperature value of the storage battery, the storage battery is heated by waste heat generated by the operation of the photovoltaic panel, the storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed, and the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 and the regulating valve M6 are opened;
if T1 is more than Tc, Tc is more than Tmin2 and Tmin2 is a preset minimum comfortable temperature value of a human body, waste heat generated by the operation of the photovoltaic panel is used for heating the carriage, the electricity storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 is opened, and the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 is regulated;
if Tc-T6 is more than delta Tmax3, Tb is less than Tmin1, and delta Tmax3 is a preset maximum environmental temperature difference value, the carriage waste exhaust radiator heats an energy storage battery water-cooling plate to heat and preserve heat for an energy storage system, the performance of the energy storage system is improved, an electric power storage water-cooling adjusting valve M2, a main heat dissipation adjusting valve M3 and an adjusting valve M7 are closed, a photovoltaic water-cooling adjusting valve M1 and a waste exhaust heat dissipation adjusting valve M4 are opened, and a heating heat dissipation adjusting valve M5 and an adjusting valve M6 are adjusted;
if the temperature Tb of the energy storage battery is less than Tmin1 through the regulation, the photovoltaic power generation carries out electric heating and heat preservation on the energy storage system, the power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the waste exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4 and the regulating valve M6 are opened, and meanwhile, the storage battery electric heating system is opened.
Further, the Tmin1 is 10 ℃, the Tmin2 is 15 ℃, and the delta Tmax3 is 5 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
the invention enables the energy of the photovoltaic cell power generation system of the rail transit vehicle to be comprehensively utilized, realizes the comprehensive management and utilization of the energy and improves the energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle system. Under winter working condition, the photovoltaic panel waste heat is storage battery heat supply and carriage auxiliary heating, and the radiator that exhausts that gives out air simultaneously also can be for storage battery heating heat preservation, and photovoltaic power generation also can carry out the electrical heating heat preservation for on-vehicle energy storage simultaneously. And under the working condition of summer, the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator are utilized to radiate heat of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery. The system efficiency and environmental protection can be greatly improved by comprehensive utilization of energy.
According to the invention, the water cooling plate is laid on the lower layers of the storage battery and the photovoltaic plate, water flows circularly in the water cooling plate, a circulating water cooling adjusting pipeline is formed by combining the comprehensive utilization of the waste air exhaust radiator and the heating radiator in the carriage, and the comprehensive management and utilization of energy are realized by matching with the adjustment of the fan of the main radiator. The water circulation cooling inside the water cooling plate is carried out by using the main radiator and the carriage waste air exhaust radiator in summer, so that the working temperature of the photovoltaic plate and the storage battery is reduced, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic plate is improved, and the service lives of the photovoltaic plate and the storage battery are prolonged. The waste heat that produces when the water-cooling board comes cyclic utilization photovoltaic board during operation winter accessible, on the one hand, utilize the waste heat that the photovoltaic board during operation produced to maintain battery work when suitable temperature interval, on the other hand can utilize the waste heat that the photovoltaic board during operation produced to assist the heating for the carriage through the heating radiator in the carriage, with carriage air conditioning system cooperation, improve passenger's thermal comfort.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat comprehensive utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of a rail transit vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system configuration in a summer condition according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a system under winter conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a heat comprehensive utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of a rail transit vehicle, which includes a photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, a storage battery water-cooling panel, a main radiator, a waste exhaust radiator and a heating radiator, wherein the photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, the storage battery water-cooling panel, the waste main radiator and the heating radiator are connected in parallel through water pipelines, water inlet ends of the parallel connection are connected to a water pump in a gathering manner, and water outlet ends of the parallel connection are connected to each other; a photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 is arranged on a water pipeline of the photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, a storage battery water-cooling regulating valve M2 is arranged on a water pipeline of the storage battery water-cooling panel, a main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 is arranged on a water pipeline of the main radiator, a waste exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4 is arranged on a water pipeline of the waste exhaust radiator, and a heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 is arranged on a water pipeline of the heating radiator;
under the working condition of summer, the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, the storage battery water-cooling plate, the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator participate in the system work; cooling the water inside the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate and the storage battery water-cooling plate circularly by using the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced by adjusting the opening of each adjusting valve, adjusting the water flow through the water pump and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator;
under the working condition in winter, the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, the storage battery water-cooling plate, the waste exhaust radiator and the heating radiator participate in the system work; the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is recycled by water in the water-cooling panel of the photovoltaic panel, the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is utilized by the heating radiator in the carriage to assist in heating the carriage, and the waste exhaust radiator in the carriage is utilized to heat the water-cooling panel of the storage battery to heat and preserve heat of the energy storage system.
As an optimization scheme of the embodiment, in order to facilitate quick switching between summer working conditions and winter working conditions and ensure that heat is comprehensively utilized without waste, an adjusting branch pipe I is led out from a water pipeline of a storage battery water-cooling plate at the rear section of the storage water-cooling regulating valve, an adjusting branch pipe II is led out from a water pipeline of a waste air exhaust radiator at the rear section of the waste air exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve, and the adjusting branch pipe I and the adjusting branch pipe II are connected to a water pump in a gathering manner; and the regulating branch pipe I is provided with a regulating valve M6, and the regulating branch pipe II is provided with a regulating valve M7.
In order to realize the omnibearing supervision and automatic regulation of the comprehensive heat utilization system, the heat is ensured to be utilized even, and the quick response of the system is ensured; further comprising: the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate is characterized in that a temperature sensor T1 and a temperature sensor T2 are arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, a temperature sensor T3 and a temperature sensor T4 are arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the storage battery water-cooling plate, a temperature sensor T5 is arranged at the position of the main radiator, a temperature sensor T6 is arranged at the position of the waste air exhaust radiator, a temperature sensor T7 is arranged after outlets of the main radiator, the waste air exhaust radiator and the heating radiator converge, a temperature sensor Tb is arranged on the storage battery, an ambient temperature sensor Tc is arranged in the carriage, and a central controller is arranged, signal ends of the temperature sensors are connected to the central controller, and the central controller is also in communication connection with a control end of each regulating valve, a control end of.
As an optimized scheme of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in summer, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are opened, and the waste exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4, the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 and the regulating valve M6 are closed; cooling the water inside the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate and the storage battery water-cooling plate circularly by using the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced by adjusting the opening of each adjusting valve, adjusting the water flow through the water pump and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced, so that the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved, and the service lives of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery are prolonged.
The control strategy under the summer working condition is as follows: the opening of each regulating valve is regulated through a controller through the detection temperature of each temperature sensor, the water flow is regulated through a water pump, and the rotating speed of a fan of the main radiator is regulated;
if T1-T2 > -delta Tmax1 and delta Tmax1 is a preset photovoltaic maximum temperature difference value (which can be 5 ℃), the opening degree of the valve M1 is increased; if the opening degree of the valve M1 is maximum, controlling the water pump to increase the water flow;
if T3-T4 > -delta Tmax2 and delta Tmax2 are the preset maximum temperature difference of the accumulator (which can be 5 ℃), the opening of the valve M2 is increased; if the opening degree of the valve M2 is maximum, controlling the water pump to increase the water flow;
if T7 is greater than Tmax3 and Tmax3 is a preset upper temperature threshold (40 ℃), adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator to be higher, and otherwise, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator to be lower;
if T7 is less than Tmax4 and Tmax4 is a preset lower temperature threshold value (which can be 25 ℃), turning off the fan of the main radiator; and adjusting the opening degrees of the valves M3 and M7 to distribute the water flow of the main radiator and the waste exhaust radiator, wherein M7 is fully opened, and M3 adjusts the opening degree to ensure that T7 is the lowest.
As an optimized scheme of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, under the working condition in winter, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the waste air exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4, the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 and the regulating valve M6 are opened, and the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed; the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is recycled by water in the water-cooling panel of the photovoltaic panel, the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel is utilized by the heating radiator in the carriage to assist in heating the carriage, and the waste exhaust radiator in the carriage is utilized to heat the water-cooling panel of the storage battery to heat and preserve heat of the energy storage system.
The control strategy under the winter working condition is as follows: the opening of each regulating valve is regulated through a controller through the detection temperature of each temperature sensor, water in a water-cooling plate of the photovoltaic plate is recycled by utilizing waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic plate, a heating radiator in a carriage is used for assisting in heating the carriage by utilizing the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic plate, and a waste exhaust radiator in the carriage is used for heating a water-cooling plate of the storage battery to heat and preserve heat of an energy storage system;
if T1 is more than Tb and Tb is more than Tmin1 and Tmin1 is a preset minimum working temperature value (can be 10 ℃), heating the storage battery by using waste heat generated by the operation of the photovoltaic panel; the specific operation is as follows: closing the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7, and opening the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 and the regulating valve M6;
if T1 is more than Tc and Tc is more than Tmin2, Tmin2 is a preset minimum comfortable temperature value (15 ℃) for human bodies, waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel is used for heating the carriage; the specific operation is as follows: closing the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7, opening the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, and regulating the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5;
if Tc-T6 & gt delta Tmax3, Tb & lt Tmin1 and delta Tmax3 are preset maximum environmental temperature difference values (which can be 5 ℃), the waste exhaust radiator of the carriage heats the water-cooling plate of the energy storage battery to heat and preserve heat of the energy storage system, and the performance of the energy storage system is improved; the specific operation is as follows: closing the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7, opening the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 and the waste air exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4, and regulating the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 and the regulating valve M6;
if the temperature Tb of the energy storage battery is less than Tmin1 through the regulation, the photovoltaic power generation carries out electric heating and heat preservation on the energy storage system, the power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the waste exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4 and the regulating valve M6 are opened, and meanwhile, the storage battery electric heating system is opened.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A comprehensive heat utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of rail transit vehicles is characterized by comprising a photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, a storage battery water-cooling panel, a main radiator, an exhaust radiator and a heating radiator, wherein the photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, the storage battery water-cooling panel, the main radiator and the heating radiator are connected in parallel through water pipelines, water inlet ends connected in parallel are gathered and connected to a water pump, and water outlet ends connected in parallel are connected with one another; a photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 is arranged on a water pipeline of the photovoltaic panel water-cooling panel, a storage battery water-cooling regulating valve M2 is arranged on a water pipeline of the storage battery water-cooling panel, a main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 is arranged on a water pipeline of the main radiator, an exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4 is arranged on a water pipeline of the exhaust radiator, and a heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 is arranged on a water pipeline of the heating radiator;
an adjusting branch pipe I is led out from a water pipeline of a storage battery water-cooling plate at the rear section of the storage battery water-cooling regulating valve M2, an adjusting branch pipe II is led out from a water pipeline of an exhaust radiator at the rear section of the exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4, and the adjusting branch pipe I and the adjusting branch pipe II are connected to a water pump in a gathering manner; an adjusting valve M6 is arranged on the adjusting branch pipe I, and an adjusting valve M7 is arranged on the adjusting branch pipe II;
the water cooling plate of the photovoltaic panel is provided with an inlet and an outlet with a temperature sensor T1 and a temperature sensor T2, the water cooling plate of the storage battery is provided with an inlet and an outlet with a temperature sensor T3 and a temperature sensor T4, the main radiator is provided with a temperature sensor T5, the exhaust radiator is provided with a temperature sensor T6, the outlets of the main radiator, the exhaust radiator and the heating radiator are converged and then provided with a temperature sensor T7, the storage battery is provided with a temperature sensor Tb, the carriage is provided with an ambient temperature sensor Tc and a central controller, the signal ends of the temperature sensors are connected to the central controller, and the central controller is also communicated with the control end of each regulating valve, the control end of the water pump and the control end of the fan in the main radiator;
under the working condition of summer, the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, the storage battery water-cooling plate, the main radiator and the exhaust radiator participate in the system work; cooling the water inside the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate and the storage battery water-cooling plate circularly by using the main radiator and the exhaust radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced by adjusting the opening of each adjusting valve, adjusting the water flow through the water pump and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator; under the working condition of summer, opening the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7, and closing the exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4, the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 and the regulating valve M6; cooling the water inside the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate and the storage battery water-cooling plate circularly by using the main radiator and the exhaust radiator; the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is reduced by adjusting the opening of each adjusting valve, adjusting the water flow through the water pump and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator;
the control strategy under the summer working condition is as follows: the opening of each regulating valve is regulated through a controller through the detection temperature of each temperature sensor, the water flow is regulated through a water pump, and the rotating speed of a fan of the main radiator is regulated;
if t1-t2 > - Δ Tmax1 and Δ Tmax1 is a preset photovoltaic maximum temperature difference value, the opening degree of the valve M1 is increased; if the opening degree of the valve M1 is maximum, controlling the water pump to increase the water flow;
if t3-t4 > -delta Tmax2 and delta Tmax2 is a preset maximum temperature difference of the accumulator, the opening degree of the valve M2 is increased; if the opening degree of the valve M2 is maximum, controlling the water pump to increase the water flow;
if t7 is larger than Tmax3 and Tmax3 is a preset upper temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator to be higher, and otherwise, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the main radiator to be lower;
if t7 is less than Tmax4 and Tmax4 is a preset lower temperature threshold value, the main radiator fan is turned off; adjusting the opening degrees of a main heat dissipation adjusting valve M3 and an adjusting valve M7, and distributing the water flow of a main heat radiator and an exhaust heat radiator to ensure that t7 is the lowest;
t1 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1, T2 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T2, T3 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T3, T4 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T4, and T7 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T7; t5 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T5, T6 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T6, Tb is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor Tb, Tc is the temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor Tc;
under the working condition in winter, the photovoltaic panel water-cooling plate, the storage battery water-cooling plate, the exhaust radiator and the heating radiator participate in the system work; the waste heat generated when the photovoltaic panel works is recycled by water in the water cooling panel of the photovoltaic panel, the waste heat generated when the photovoltaic panel works is used for assisting in heating the compartment through a heating radiator in the compartment, and the water cooling panel of the storage battery is heated through an exhaust radiator in the compartment to heat and preserve heat for the energy storage system.
2. The comprehensive heat utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the Δ Tmax1 is 5 ℃, the Δ Tmax2 is 5 ℃, the Tmax3 is 40 ℃, and the Tmax4 is 25 ℃.
3. The comprehensive heat utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that under winter conditions, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1, the exhaust heat dissipation regulating valve M4, the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 and the regulating valve M6 are opened, and the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed; the waste heat generated when the photovoltaic panel works is recycled by water in the water cooling panel of the photovoltaic panel, the waste heat generated when the photovoltaic panel works is used for assisting in heating the compartment through a heating radiator in the compartment, and the water cooling panel of the storage battery is heated through an exhaust radiator in the compartment to heat and preserve heat for the energy storage system.
4. The comprehensive heat utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of rail transit vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that the control strategy under the winter condition is as follows: the opening of each regulating valve is regulated through a controller through the detection temperature of each temperature sensor, water in the water cooling plate of the photovoltaic plate is recycled by utilizing waste heat generated during the working of the photovoltaic plate, the waste heat generated during the working of the photovoltaic plate is utilized by a heating radiator in the carriage to assist in heating the carriage, and the water cooling plate of the storage battery is heated by an exhaust radiator in the carriage to heat and preserve heat of the energy storage system;
if t1 is greater than tb, tb is less than Tmin1 and Tmin1 is the preset minimum working temperature value of the storage battery, the storage battery is heated by waste heat generated by the operation of the photovoltaic panel, the storage battery water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed, and the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 and the regulating valve M6 are opened;
if t1 is greater than tc, tc is less than Tmin2, and Tmin2 is a preset minimum comfortable temperature value of a human body, waste heat generated by the operation of the photovoltaic panel is used for heating the compartment, the electric power storage water-cooling regulating valve M2, the main heat dissipation regulating valve M3 and the regulating valve M7 are closed, the photovoltaic water-cooling regulating valve M1 is opened, and the heating heat dissipation regulating valve M5 is regulated;
if tc-t6 is more than delta Tmax3, tb is less than Tmin1, and delta Tmax3 is a preset maximum environmental temperature difference value, a carriage air exhaust radiator heats an energy storage battery water-cooling plate to heat and preserve heat of an energy storage system, the performance of the energy storage system is improved, an electric storage water-cooling adjusting valve M2, a main heat dissipation adjusting valve M3 and an adjusting valve M7 are closed, a photovoltaic water-cooling adjusting valve M1 and an air exhaust heat dissipation adjusting valve M4 are opened, and a heating heat dissipation adjusting valve M5 and an adjusting valve M6 are adjusted;
if the temperature tb of the energy storage battery is less than Tmin1 through the adjustment, the photovoltaic power generation carries out electric heating and heat preservation on the energy storage system, the power storage water-cooling adjusting valve M2, the main heat dissipation adjusting valve M3 and the adjusting valve M7 are closed, the photovoltaic water-cooling adjusting valve M1, the air exhaust heat dissipation adjusting valve M4 and the adjusting valve M6 are opened, and meanwhile, the storage battery electric heating system is opened.
5. The comprehensive heat utilization system for energy storage and photovoltaic power generation of rail transit vehicles according to claim 4, wherein the Tmin1 is 10 ℃, the Tmin2 is 15 ℃, and the Δ Tmax3 is 5 ℃.
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| DE4433836C1 (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 1995-11-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Device for heating an interior of an electric vehicle |
| CN103453604B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-02-24 | 清华大学 | A kind of solar air-conditioner system |
| CN208053045U (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-11-06 | 邹云 | A kind of pure electric vehicle electric heating system |
| CN109631204B (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2021-03-16 | 北京工业大学 | Car as a house/family wind-light-electricity complementary energy storage system and thermal management method thereof |
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