CN110623687A - Gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110623687A CN110623687A CN201910976928.6A CN201910976928A CN110623687A CN 110623687 A CN110623687 A CN 110623687A CN 201910976928 A CN201910976928 A CN 201910976928A CN 110623687 A CN110623687 A CN 110623687A
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- gallbladder
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
- A61B8/0833—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
- A61B8/085—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures for locating body or organic structures, e.g. tumours, calculi, blood vessels, nodules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
Abstract
The invention provides a gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging and a measuring method thereof, comprising a B-ultrasonic machine which can collect gallbladder images in multiple angles and a computer which is electrically connected with the B-ultrasonic machine, wherein the computer receives ultrasonic scanning images transmitted by the B-ultrasonic machine, processes the images and outputs measuring results; the B-ultrasonic machine comprises a B-ultrasonic host, a display, a B-ultrasonic probe and an auxiliary control mechanism, wherein the B-ultrasonic host, the display and the B-ultrasonic probe are electrically connected with each other, and the auxiliary control mechanism is fixedly arranged on the B-ultrasonic probe and is used for controlling the B-ultrasonic probe to rotate; the auxiliary control mechanism comprises a shell, a first gear and a second gear, wherein the first gear and the second gear are arranged inside the shell and are in meshing transmission, the B-ultrasonic probe is axially clamped in the hollow gear ring of the first gear, and a motor controlled by the main control mechanism drives the second gear to rotate and drives the first gear and the B-ultrasonic probe to synchronously rotate. The measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, low modification cost and wide popularization; the measuring method is rapid and accurate, and has good practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gallbladder volume measuring device and a gallbladder volume measuring method, in particular to a gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging and a gallbladder volume measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of medical equipment.
Background
Research shows that the gallbladder emptying rate is an important index reflecting the gallbladder power, the gallbladder power is not only related to the formation of biliary calculus and the occurrence of gallbladder tumor, but also can influence the pathophysiological functions of liver and intestinal tract, and the main method for detecting the gallbladder emptying rate is to measure the volume change of the gallbladder before and after a fat meal, so that the gallbladder emptying rate is obtained by measuring the gallbladder volume, and the method has necessary value for knowing the gallbladder power and knowing partial digestive system organic or functional diseases.
The main methods for measuring the volume of the gallbladder at present are: b ultrasonic, three-dimensional color ultrasonic, X-ray gallbladder radiography, gallbladder isotope scintillation scanning imaging and the like. The B-ultrasonic and three-dimensional color ultrasonic are simple and convenient to operate, do not harm human bodies and are widely applied. However, the B-ultrasonic measurement has the premise that the gallbladder is assumed to be in a regular geometric shape, the acquired two-dimensional image is measured after the endpoint of the radial line is manually determined, and the gallbladder volume is calculated by using an empirical formula, so that the defect that the error between the measured volume and the real volume is large exists. The three-dimensional ultrasound can obtain comprehensive data of the gall bladder through three-dimensional scanning, and the volume of the gall bladder is measured through image reconstruction, so that the error is smaller than that of B-ultrasound measurement, but the three-dimensional color ultrasound equipment is usually larger in size, complex in structure and higher in manufacturing cost, and is purchased unconditionally in small-sized community hospitals or rural health homes with backward economic conditions; the large hospital has to increase the cost of color Doppler ultrasound examination due to the high purchase of the equipment, thus increasing the patient's treatment burden virtually.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging and a measuring method thereof, which can realize accurate measurement of the gallbladder volume by carrying out optimization transformation on the basis of the conventional B-ultrasonic equipment, and the measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, low transformation cost and good practicability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the invention, the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging comprises a B-ultrasonic machine and a computer, wherein the B-ultrasonic machine can acquire images of a gallbladder at multiple angles, the computer is electrically connected with the B-ultrasonic machine, and the computer receives ultrasonic scanning images transmitted by the B-ultrasonic machine, processes the images and outputs a measuring result; the B-ultrasonic machine comprises a B-ultrasonic host, a display, a B-ultrasonic probe and an auxiliary control mechanism, wherein the B-ultrasonic host, the display and the B-ultrasonic probe are electrically connected, and the auxiliary control mechanism is fixedly arranged on the B-ultrasonic probe and is used for controlling the B-ultrasonic probe to rotate; the auxiliary control mechanism comprises a shell, a first gear and a second gear, wherein the first gear and the second gear are arranged inside the shell and are in meshing transmission, the B-ultrasonic probe is axially clamped in a hollow gear ring of the first gear, and the second gear is driven to rotate by a motor controlled by the main control mechanism and drives the first gear and the B-ultrasonic probe to synchronously rotate.
Further, according to the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging, the shell is provided with an on-off key for controlling the on-off of the B-ultrasonic probe, and the on-off key is electrically connected with the main control mechanism.
Furthermore, according to the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging, the shell is further provided with a first key and a second key which are used for regulating and controlling the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the B-ultrasonic probe, and the first key and the second key are both electrically connected with the main control mechanism.
Further, according to the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging, a plurality of rotary bolts for fixedly connecting the B-ultrasonic probe are uniformly distributed on the hollow gear ring of the first gear.
Further, according to the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging, a main control chip is arranged in the main control mechanism and electrically connected with the motor.
Further, according to the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging, the main control chip is a single chip microcomputer.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gallbladder volume measurement method using the gallbladder volume measurement device described above, the method including the steps of:
step S1, gallbladder images are acquired: the B-mode ultrasonic probe acquires one two-dimensional image once when scanning the gallbladder, the auxiliary control mechanism controls the B-mode ultrasonic probe to rotate after scanning, the B-mode ultrasonic probe rotates 10 degrees every time of scanning until the B-mode ultrasonic probe rotates 180 degrees, and the B-mode ultrasonic machine transmits 18 acquired gallbladder ultrasonic images to a computer after detection is finished;
step S2, extracting a two-dimensional gallbladder contour: the computer receives the gallbladder ultrasonic image, then carries out image preprocessing and extracts a two-dimensional gallbladder contour boundary;
step S3, constructing a gallbladder three-dimensional model: constructing a three-dimensional model according to the rotation angle of the 18 two-dimensional gallbladder images after the boundary is extracted;
step S4, calculating the gallbladder volume and outputting the measurement result: and (3) performing grouping accumulation through gallbladder stereo model calculation software embedded in a computer, calculating to obtain the gallbladder volume, and recording and printing out a measurement result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging and the measuring method thereof provided by the invention are obtained by optimizing and modifying the measuring device on the basis of the conventional B-ultrasonic equipment, have simple structure, simple and convenient operation and low modification cost, can be widely popularized to small hospitals and remote area health hospitals, and reduce the hospitalization burden of patients. The auxiliary control mechanism is additionally arranged to realize automatic rotation of the B-ultrasonic probe, so that multi-angle scanning and acquisition of gallbladder images are facilitated, boundary points of the gallbladder images are extracted by a computer through an image processing technology, a gallbladder three-dimensional graph is established by combining a plurality of images, and the gallbladder volume is calculated. The measuring method is quick and accurate, overcomes the defect of inaccurate B-ultrasonic two-dimensional imaging measurement, and has good practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary control mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a measurement method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a signaling diagram of the measurement method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a gallbladder phantom;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of adjacent sections of a three-dimensional model of a gallbladder;
FIG. 6 is a petal-shaped view of adjacent sections of the gallbladder phantom;
FIG. 7 is a geometric view of a mesa;
fig. 8 is a tetrahedral geometry:
wherein the components are described as follows:
1. a first gear; 2. a second gear; 3. a hollow gear ring; 4. a motor; 5. an on-off key; 6. a first key; 7. a second key; 8. rotating the bolt; 9. a housing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and specific embodiments described in the following embodiments of the invention are provided as illustrative of the embodiments of the invention only and are not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The invention provides a gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging, which is obtained by optimizing and transforming the traditional B-ultrasonic equipment and comprises a transformed B-ultrasonic machine and a computer electrically connected with the B-ultrasonic machine, wherein the B-ultrasonic machine can acquire gallbladder images at multiple angles, the computer receives ultrasonic scanning images transmitted by the B-ultrasonic machine, image processing is carried out by adopting embedded gallbladder three-dimensional model computing software, and a measuring result is output.
The B-ultrasonic machine comprises a B-ultrasonic host, a display, a B-ultrasonic probe and an auxiliary control mechanism, wherein the B-ultrasonic host, the display and the B-ultrasonic probe are electrically connected, the auxiliary control mechanism is fixedly arranged on the B-ultrasonic probe, and the auxiliary control mechanism is used for controlling the B-ultrasonic probe to rotate for 180 degrees. As shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary control mechanism includes a housing 9, and a first gear 1 and a second gear 2 disposed inside the housing 9, the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 are in mesh transmission with each other, the B-ultrasonic probe is axially clamped in the hollow gear ring 3 of the first gear 1, a plurality of rotary bolts 8 are uniformly distributed on the hollow gear ring 3 of the first gear, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the B-ultrasonic probe can be fixedly connected to the first gear 1 through four rotary bolts 8 which are symmetrically distributed, and the B-ultrasonic probe rotates clockwise or counterclockwise with its central longitudinal depth as a rotation axis.
The motor 4 controlled by a main control mechanism (not shown in the figure) drives the second gear 2 to rotate, the second gear 2 is in meshing transmission and drives the first gear 1 to rotate when rotating, and the first gear 1 drives the B-ultrasonic probe to synchronously rotate when rotating.
The motor is characterized in that a main control chip is arranged in the main control mechanism, the main control chip comprises but is not limited to a single chip microcomputer, and the main control chip is electrically connected with the motor and drives the motor to operate.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, an on-off key 5 for controlling the operation of the B-ultrasonic probe to start and stop is arranged on the housing 9, and the on-off key 5 is electrically connected to the main control mechanism (specifically, a main control chip).
As shown in fig. 1, for facilitating measurement, a first button 6 and a second button 7 for regulating and controlling the forward and backward rotation of the B-ultrasonic probe are further disposed on the housing 9, and both the first button 6 and the second button 7 are electrically connected to the main control mechanism (specifically, a main control chip). A tester presses the first button 6, the main control chip controls the motor shaft and synchronously drives the second gear 2 to rotate, the second gear 2 is meshed with the first gear 1 and the B-mode ultrasonic probe on the first gear to rotate 10 degrees clockwise (forward), on the contrary, the second button 7 is pressed, the B-mode ultrasonic probe rotates 10 degrees anticlockwise (reverse), in addition, a display electrically connected with the B-mode ultrasonic probe can display the rotation angle of the B-mode ultrasonic probe in real time, and the tester can monitor the rotation state of the B-mode ultrasonic probe in real time.
The invention also provides a measuring method of the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging, which comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 2-3:
step S1, gallbladder images are acquired: the B-mode ultrasonic probe acquires one two-dimensional image once when scanning the gallbladder, the auxiliary control mechanism controls the B-mode ultrasonic probe to rotate after scanning, the B-mode ultrasonic probe rotates 10 degrees every time of scanning until the B-mode ultrasonic probe rotates 180 degrees, and the B-mode ultrasonic machine transmits 18 acquired gallbladder ultrasonic images to the computer after detection is finished.
Step S2, extracting a two-dimensional gallbladder contour: and (4) carrying out image preprocessing after the computer receives the gallbladder ultrasonic image, and extracting a two-dimensional gallbladder contour boundary.
The gallbladder stereo image is spherical-like, as shown in fig. 4, and in order to ensure the accuracy of measurement and algorithm, the imaging position of the measured target is located at the center of the image. And (3) determining boundary points of the gallbladder image after preprocessing the image, and primarily selecting small areas with obvious contrast from the center to the outside from the boundary points. And taking the central point of the image as the origin of polar coordinates, calculating the gray value in the current small block region from the center to the outside according to a set angle, and considering the suspicious boundary point when the gray value is larger than a set threshold. The method is characterized in that 5 different thresholds are set, 5 suspicious boundary points marked differently appear at the same angle, and if 4 suspicious boundary points fall in the same small block area, the coordinate average point is the boundary point; and finally, connecting the boundary points by using a B spline fitting function, thereby extracting the two-dimensional gallbladder contour boundary.
Step S3, constructing a gallbladder three-dimensional model: and constructing a three-dimensional model according to the rotation angle of the 18 two-dimensional gallbladder images after the boundary is extracted. As shown in figure 4, the gallbladder three-dimensional shape is similar to a sphere, after boundaries are extracted from two-dimensional images of a longitudinal section of a rotating shaft of a B-ultrasonic probe, three-dimensional graphs obtained after the boundaries are synthesized are the gallbladder three-dimensional model.
Step S4, calculating the gallbladder volume and outputting the measurement result: and performing grouping accumulation through computer embedded computing software, calculating to obtain the volume of the gall bladder, and recording and printing out a measurement result. The specific calculation process is as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, the angle between two adjacent sections is 10 °, and two lobes are formed, wherein the three-dimensional structure of one lobe is shown in fig. 6. Horizontally cutting the three-dimensional structure model into n layers according to the longitudinal depth of the ultrasonic wave, wherein the top end and the lower end of the horizontally cut petal-shaped graph are similar to a tetrahedron, and the middle part is in a frustum shape A１Ｂ１Ｃ１－Ａ２Ｂ２Ｃ２As shown in fig. 7. The volume formed by two adjacent sections is the sum of the volume values of two lobes, and the lobe volume is obtained by the accumulation of the upper and lower tetrahedrons and the n-2 layers of truncated cone-shaped volumes.
Will form A１Ｂ１Ｃ１－Ａ２Ｂ２Ｃ２Is cut into A１Ａ２Ｂ２Ｃ２、Ａ１Ｂ１Ｂ２Ｃ２、Ａ１Ｂ１Ｃ１Ｃ２Three tetrahedra, as shown in fig. 8, the frustum volume is the sum of the volumes of the three tetrahedra. The algorithm for tetrahedral volume is as follows:
setting tetrahedron A１Ａ２Ｂ２Ｃ２The coordinates of the middle four vertexes are A１（x1，y1，z1）、Ａ2（x2，y2，z2）、B2（x3，y3，z3）、C2（x4，y4，z4），
Then:，，；
from the mixed product of the three vectors:
after the tetrahedral volume is obtained, the valve-shaped volume is obtained through accumulation, and then the whole sphere-like volume is obtained through summation, so that the gallbladder volume is obtained.
In conclusion, the gallbladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging and the measuring method thereof provided by the invention are optimized and modified on the basis of the existing B-ultrasonic equipment, have simple structure, simple and convenient operation and low modification cost, can be widely popularized to small hospitals and remote areas health hospitals, and reduce the hospitalization burden of patients. The auxiliary control mechanism is additionally arranged to realize automatic rotation of the B-ultrasonic probe, so that multi-angle scanning and acquisition of gallbladder images are facilitated, boundary points of the gallbladder images are extracted by a computer through an image processing technology, a gallbladder three-dimensional graph is established by combining a plurality of images, and the gallbladder volume is calculated. The measuring method is quick and accurate, overcomes the defect of inaccurate B-ultrasonic two-dimensional imaging measurement, and has good practicability.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of data or steps not listed in a claim.
Claims (7)
1. A gall bladder volume measuring device based on ultrasonic imaging is characterized in that: the system comprises a B-ultrasonic machine capable of acquiring gallbladder images at multiple angles and a computer electrically connected with the B-ultrasonic machine, wherein the computer receives ultrasonic scanning images transmitted by the B-ultrasonic machine, processes the images and outputs measurement results; the B-ultrasonic machine comprises a B-ultrasonic host, a display, a B-ultrasonic probe and an auxiliary control mechanism, wherein the B-ultrasonic host, the display and the B-ultrasonic probe are electrically connected, and the auxiliary control mechanism is fixedly arranged on the B-ultrasonic probe and is used for controlling the B-ultrasonic probe to rotate; the auxiliary control mechanism comprises a shell, a first gear and a second gear, wherein the first gear and the second gear are arranged inside the shell and are in meshing transmission, the B-ultrasonic probe is axially clamped in a hollow gear ring of the first gear, and the second gear is driven to rotate by a motor controlled by the main control mechanism and drives the first gear and the B-ultrasonic probe to synchronously rotate.
2. The ultrasound imaging-based gallbladder volume measurement device of claim 1, wherein: and the shell is provided with an on-off key for controlling the B-ultrasonic probe to start and stop, and the on-off key is electrically connected with the main control mechanism.
3. The ultrasound imaging-based gallbladder volume measurement device of claim 2, wherein: the shell is also provided with a first key and a second key which are used for regulating and controlling the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the B-ultrasonic probe, and the first key and the second key are both electrically connected with the main control mechanism.
4. The ultrasound imaging-based gallbladder volume measurement device of claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of rotary bolts for fixedly connecting the B-ultrasonic probe are uniformly distributed on the hollow gear ring of the first gear.
5. The ultrasound imaging-based gallbladder volume measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the main control mechanism is internally provided with a main control chip, and the main control chip is electrically connected with the motor.
6. The ultrasound imaging-based gallbladder volume measurement device of claim 5, wherein: the main control chip is a single chip microcomputer.
7. A gallbladder volume measurement method using the gallbladder volume measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step S1, gallbladder images are acquired: the B-mode ultrasonic probe acquires one two-dimensional image once when scanning the gallbladder, the auxiliary control mechanism controls the B-mode ultrasonic probe to rotate after scanning, the B-mode ultrasonic probe rotates 10 degrees every time of scanning until the B-mode ultrasonic probe rotates 180 degrees, and the B-mode ultrasonic machine transmits 18 acquired gallbladder ultrasonic images to a computer after detection is finished;
step S2, extracting a two-dimensional gallbladder contour: the computer receives the gallbladder ultrasonic image, then carries out image preprocessing and extracts a two-dimensional gallbladder contour boundary;
step S3, constructing a gallbladder three-dimensional model: constructing a three-dimensional model according to the rotation angle of the 18 two-dimensional gallbladder images after the boundary is extracted;
step S4, calculating the gallbladder volume and outputting the measurement result: and (3) performing grouping accumulation through gallbladder stereo model calculation software embedded in a computer, calculating to obtain the gallbladder volume, and recording and printing out a measurement result.
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| US5445154A (en) * | 1993-08-26 | 1995-08-29 | Interspec, Inc. | Ultrasonic probe assembly with linear actuator |
| US20030229287A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2003-12-11 | Aime Flesch | Motorized multiplane transducer tip apparatus with transducer locking |
| CN101112321A (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-30 | 日本电波工业株式会社 | Ultrasonic probe |
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