CN110623140A - 怀孕母猪预混料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于猪用饲料技术领域，具体涉及一种怀孕母猪预混料及其制备方法，所述预混料包括以下重量份的组分：玉米20‑40份、花生麸6‑10份、菊粉15‑30份、食盐1‑4份、精氨酸1‑5份、果寡糖5‑10份、益生菌3‑8份、低聚木糖5‑10份、酵母硒1‑10份、黄芪多糖1‑12份、有机铬3‑6份、缬氨酸2‑5份，赖氨酸2‑5份、恩拉霉素1‑5份、酶制剂12‑20份、复合中草药10‑15份、脂肪酸4‑9份、包被复合维生素15‑35份。本发明制备的预混料可以增强母猪免疫力、促进母猪妊娠期母猪胚胎发育，提高母猪产活仔率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于猪用饲料技术领域，具体涉及一种怀孕母猪预混料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国生猪品种的改良和优化，猪的生长速度和瘦肉率大幅提高，传统的养猪方法得到有效改善，科学养猪成为提高经济效益的根本所在。但是人们在生产实践中也碰到了许多难以解决的问题，例如：母猪产仔数少、产后乏情、屡配不孕、空怀期长、泌乳力差、仔猪出生及断奶体重小、母猪淘汰率高、乳汁成分不稳定等问题，轻则影响母猪的生产能力和仔猪后期生长发育，重则造成母猪以及仔猪抵抗力低下，甚至死亡，困扰着养猪业的发展和经济效益的提高。
母猪在生猪养殖的周期中，处于至关重要的地位，是生猪上市的基础。所以养好母猪，对养猪业的发展具有重大意义。要保持母猪有良好的体况及繁殖性能，母猪各阶段饲料的选择和控制是饲养中的关键措施之一。
现有母猪孕期用饲料存在以下不足：营养水平不能满足母猪生长需求，健康水平差、抗病力弱；产前营养得不到保证，体况差异导致仔猪初生重轻，不均匀；所产仔猪成活率低，日增重小；母猪产后恢复慢，母猪产程长，生产率低等。因此发明一种能保证产前产后营养水平的母猪预混料成为急需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明主要提供了一种怀孕母猪预混料及其制备方法，该预混料可以增强母猪免疫力、促进母猪妊娠期母猪胚胎发育，提高母猪产活仔率。其技术方案如下：
一种怀孕母猪预混料，其包括以下重量份的组分：玉米20-40份、花生麸6-10份、菊粉15-30份、食盐1-4份、精氨酸1-5份、果寡糖5-10份、益生菌3-8份、低聚木糖5-10份、酵母硒1-10份、黄芪多糖1-12份、有机铬3-6份、缬氨酸2-5份，赖氨酸2-5份、恩拉霉素1-5份、酶制剂12-20份、复合中草药10-15份、脂肪酸4-9份、包被复合维生素15-35份。
优选的，所述酶制剂由过氧化氢酶、植酸酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶、木聚糖酶和β-甘露聚糖酶中的一种或多种组合而成。
优选的，所述复合中草药由莲子、甘草、蒲公英、山楂、陈皮中的一种或多种混合而成。
优选的，所述脂肪酸为提取自椰子油和/或棕榈油的中链脂肪酸。
优选的，所述益生菌为丁酸梭菌、乳酸杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌中的一种或多种组合而成。
优选的，所述包被复合维生素的芯材包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、叶酸和生物素，所述包被复合维生素的壁材包括植物蜡、动物蜡、明胶中的一种或多种。
一种上述怀孕母猪预混料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将70-80％配方量的包被复合维生素与配方量的玉米、花生麸、菊粉、食盐、精氨酸、果寡糖、益生菌、低聚木糖、酵母硒、黄芪多糖、有机铬、缬氨酸，赖氨酸、恩拉霉素、酶制剂、复合中草药、脂肪酸混合，混合均匀后，再加入剩余的包被复合维生素，充分混合后得到复合饲料添加剂。
采用上述方案，本发明具有以下优点：
本产品的开发是针对怀孕母猪的食料特点设计的，通过多种有益成分组合，采用特殊的微囊包被技术，将产品做成流动性强、抗氧化、抗结块、稳定性强的形式，增加产品在肠道中的作用时间和效率。将这些有效成分按照最佳比例组合，目的在于增强母猪免疫力、促进母猪妊娠期母猪胚胎发育、提高经产母猪产活仔率、促进母猪排卵、调节母猪和仔猪的肠道菌群平衡，具有安全、高效、绿色的特点。
具体实施方式
1.精氨酸：作为一种条件必需氨基酸，是合成鸟氨酸、脯氨酸、谷氨酰胺等多种氨基酸的含氮前体物。精氨酸及代谢产物促进怀孕母猪胎盘发育，提高其繁殖性能，促进后代仔猪生长发育。
2.酶制剂：酶制剂能防治母猪群外源性繁殖力低下综合征，通过促进精氨酸内源合成，提高动物窝产仔数和初生重，增强种母猪的繁殖力，清除母猪群毒素干扰状态，解除母猪氧化应激状态。
3.果寡糖(FOS)：经产母猪妊娠后期和哺乳期饲粮中添加适量FOS可提高母猪的繁殖性能，增加窝产活仔数、提高仔猪21日龄断奶体重，缩短母猪断奶至再发情时间间隔；提高改善母猪的泌乳性能，即可不同程度地提高母猪泌乳量和乳蛋白含量；改善母猪及所产仔猪的免疫机能。FOS在繁殖母猪饲粮中替代抗生素有效，FOS添加量以0.3％效果为优。
4.益生菌(枯草芽孢杆菌)：有试验结果证实，母猪饲料中添加益生菌，可以显著提高仔猪断奶成活率和蛋白质消化率，对母猪采食量、仔猪断奶重和能量、纤维、脂肪的消化率也有提高作用。
5.抗生素替代物—低聚木糖的作用功效
在饲料中添加各种抗生素，虽然有防止疾病的作用，但也会造成畜产品污染。近年来，国外研究证明低聚木糖具有类似抗生素的作用，可以取代抗生素而添加于饲料中起到类似的作用。低聚木糖具有优越的生理学特性，使之不仅可广泛适用于保健食品、饮料、乳制品、糖果、饼和饮料等多种食品中，同时又可作为新型绿色饲料添加剂，有望成为抗生素的替代产品具有良好的市场前景。
(1)通过选择性增殖双歧杆菌等发挥作用。
①肠道有益菌(如双歧杆菌)利用短链分支糖类物质大量增殖，形成微生态竞争优势，同时生成短链脂肪酸和一些抗菌物质，直接抑制外源致病菌和肠内固有腐败菌细菌的生长繁殖，致病菌和腐败菌受到抑制，有毒有害物质大量减少，动物发病也随之受到控制。
②合成维生素、B族元素(VB1、VB2、VB6、VB12)等。
③有益菌的代谢产物短链脂肪酸(SCFA)能刺激肠道蠕动，缩短食糜在肠内停留时间，从而减少有害物质对动物机体可能造成的毒害。
(2)吸附肠道病原菌，对动物起到保健作用。
许多病原菌细胞表面的外源凝集素能结合游离的或存在于细胞表面的碳水化合物(受体)，病原菌通过凝集素和肠内壁细胞表面的碳水化合物结合，而粘附在肠上皮繁殖。低聚木糖进入肠道中会竞争性地和病原细胞表面外源凝集素结合，阻止病原菌在肠上皮粘附，促进其随粪便排泄，减少对动物的危害。
(3)充当免疫力刺激辅助因子，减少饲料中抗生素、抗菌素等药物的用量，降低畜产品中药物残留。
低聚木糖具有辅剂及免疫调解的功能，所谓辅剂就是能增加免疫系统对疫菌、药物和抗原免疫应答的物质。疫苗中加辅剂能降低机体对疫苗的吸收，从而增强其效用。通过提高血清中lgA、lgM、lgG的含量，细胞分裂素的增加，白细胞介素水平的增加，从而低聚木糖可增加动物体液及细胞免疫功能。由于动物免疫能力的提高，可减少饲料中抗生素、抗菌素等药物的用量，进一步，可降低畜产品中药物残留。
(4)促进脂类代谢
促进脂类代谢是低聚木糖的主要作用之一。日粮中添加低聚木糖可降低甘油三脂的浓度。低聚木糖具有降低血脂和血清胆固醇的功效。
(5)促进动物对矿物质的吸收利用
在日粮中添加低聚木糖可促进小鼠对钙、铁、镁等矿物质的吸收利用。由于低聚木糖产生的SCFA降低肠道中的pH值，从而使钙、镁盐的溶解性升高，并促进钙离子的吸收。饲喂低聚木糖的动物对钙、镁、铁、锌、铜的利用情况，发现动物摄食后，尽管总排便体积有所增加，但粪便中矿物质含量减少。说明钙、镁、锌的吸收率大大提高。
6.支链氨基酸对母猪泌乳的影响以及支链氨基酸和赖氨酸最佳比例
母猪在妊娠期和哺乳期摄取足够的营养对仔猪的生产性能非常重要，同时也会影响母猪随后的繁殖性能，如母猪哺乳期体重损失、发情间隔和配种成功率等。现代遗传育种技术选育的母猪与几十年前的母猪相比需要更多的营养，同时也对营养变得更为敏感。随着生活水平不断提高，人们对蛋白质的要求也越来越高，经选育后母猪背膘厚不断下降，体脂下降约50％，同时成熟体型更大，产仔和产奶也更多。母猪的氨基酸需要随着其机体瘦肉量和蛋白质周转的增加而升高。因此，需要精准营养来满足高瘦肉率、高生产性能的现代母猪，以达到最佳的生产性能和最大的经济效益。
赖氨酸是典型猪日粮中的第一限制性氨基酸，赖氨酸是决定母猪生产力的主要因素。当赖氨酸摄入不足时，母猪会动员身体的蛋白质和脂肪储备来支持胎儿发育、产奶和仔猪生长。与经产母猪相比，初产母猪还需要从日粮中获得更多的营养以用于母体自身生长。
亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸具有独特的分支链结构，被称为支链氨基酸。这3种支链氨基酸共享其分解代谢的前2个步骤，竞争同样的降解酶。尽管支链氨基酸是机体健康生长所必需的，但其中任意1个，尤其是亮氨酸过量会导致3种支链氨基酸拮抗。在血浆中，支链氨基酸约占总必需氨基酸的40％。当饥饿、长时间运动时，支链氨基酸会作为骨骼肌肉的能量来源，同时支链氨基酸还用于母乳合成和乳腺维持。
通常认为缬氨酸是继赖氨酸和苏氨酸后泌乳母猪的第3种限制氨基酸。
7.富钾矿物和有机铬对母猪繁殖性能、免疫力和泌乳的影响
蛋氨酸铬的作用机理
铬是一种重要的矿物质,蛋氨酸铬无论在酸性条件下还是在碱性条件下都很稳定；并且能够借助氨基酸的吸收途径而被吸收，吸收利用率高。对动物组织中葡萄糖、蛋白质和脂肪代谢至关重要。已知铬与调节血脂有关。铬作为葡萄糖耐受因子(GTF)可以调节血糖水平。血糖水平及其动态平衡与体内蛋白或脂肪合成有关。铬能够调节组织对胰岛素的亲和力，经下丘脑—垂体—卵巢内分泌轴传递信息而提高母猪的繁殖性能。在卵泡发育期间，母猪体内铬相对充足时，可增加排卵数量，提高卵子质量，从而提高胚胎生长发育。Cr3+协助胰岛素作用于下丘脑，下丘脑促性腺激素刺激垂体释放黄体生成素，黄体生成素作用于卵巢，促进滤泡成熟、排卵，从而在一定程度上保证了胚胎的良好发育，提高了母猪产仔数。铬通过改变胰岛素、促卵泡素和促黄体素的分泌水平来影响母猪的排卵率和胚胎生长发育，从而影响母猪的繁殖性能。
蛋氨酸铬中的铬以三价的形式存在，铬进入血液后通过血液促进胰岛素水平来提高葡萄糖及饲料中能量的利用效率，促进组织氨基酸的吸收和蛋白的合成，抑制脂肪组织脂肪分解和降低血脂水平，从而满足妊娠母猪胎儿的营养需求和哺乳期的乳中养分需要。
8.酵母硒、黄芪多糖的体外抑菌效果和对母猪免疫的影响
酵母硒是以硒取代部分含硫氨基酸中的硫，有机硒主要以硒代蛋氨酸、硒代半胱氨酸、硒代胱氨酸等形式存在。酵母硒是动物消化、吸收和代谢硒的理想模式，酵母硒的硒毒性最低，是机体内硒的主要存在形式，因而酵母硒大大提高了机体对硒的吸收贮存，有效保证动物在疾病、应激、繁殖及胚胎生长期间硒的供给。酵母硒提高公畜禽精液品质，增加母畜禽繁殖性能。
喂酵母硒可提高后代初生仔猪和断奶仔猪肌肉、血浆和肝脏中的硒含量。酵母硒可以提高妊娠母猪胚胎硒水平，显著提高胚胎平均重、长度及胚胎蛋白质和DNA含量。酵母硒对母猪及其后代仔猪的作用效果可能是由于它比无机硒更能在母猪血液中富集，并能有效地将血硒从子宫传递到胚胎，从而促进胚胎早期发育。
9.益生素改善胃肠道微生物区系的作用
益生素菌种多为专性厌氧或兼性厌氧菌，畜禽食入后一方面使消化道中的有益菌群得到了有效的补充，使有益菌在数量和作用强度上占绝对优势；另一方面这些菌群的繁衍和代谢，形成了与有害菌争氧或造成厌氧环境，大大抑制了需氧性致病菌群的生长繁殖。益生菌可以占据宿主动物消化道的定植位点，从而阻止有害菌在肠粘膜的附着与繁殖。大肠杆菌是猪消化道内的正常细菌，但是如果过度繁殖便会使动物发病，定植于胃非分泌上皮的乳酸菌是控制大肠杆菌数目的重要因子，当饲料中含有乳酸杆菌或其它非病原微生物时宿主动物的整个消化道都可以发生竞争性排斥作用。嗜酸乳酸杆菌对肠道上皮的亲附能力非常强，从而减少大肠杆菌与肠道上皮结合的机会。乳酸杆菌等有益菌可以通过营养竞争，强烈地抑制其它细菌在消化道的增殖；益生菌还可以吸附到病原菌的细胞表面，阻遏后者对消化道上皮的亲附作用，并加速它们的排出速度。益生素产生的乳酸和乙酸使消化道内pH值下降，从而抑制有害细菌存活，益生素产生的溶菌酶、H2O2等代谢产物也具有抑菌作用。
10.中链脂肪酸
中链脂肪酸是指那些含有6-12个碳的脂肪酸，它们可以中链脂肪酸甘油三酯的形式存在。它们非支链脂肪酸：己酸(6个碳)、辛酸(8个碳)、癸酸(10个碳)和月桂酸(12个碳)。
商品中链脂肪酸是从椰子油和棕榈油中提取出来的。
中链脂肪酸影响肠道环境，通过这种方式表现出对肠道微生物的作用。微生物学家们发现中链脂肪酸对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌都有抗菌效果。
在测试了影响猪的4种主要病原菌(大肠杆菌、链球菌、沙门氏菌和产气荚膜梭菌)后，中链脂肪酸组合最小抑菌浓度在0.1％-0.3％。
中链脂肪酸对猪的几种常见病原菌具有抗菌效果。此研究发现它们不但为肠道提供能量，还改善肠道形态包括绒毛高度。
有益菌可将中链脂肪酸作为能量源，因此创造了一个不利于病原菌增殖的环境。中链脂肪酸还具有抗病毒的属性，尤其是对于膜病毒。其它研究发现中链脂肪酸可以降低特定病原菌的毒力，这可能是由于它们对免疫的间接作用或者是它们减少病毒散发的作用。这些发现促使人们将其用于对抗某些特定的疾病，如断奶后多系统衰竭综合征。
混合中链脂肪酸在多种动物生产中被用作添加剂。这些产品可能还包含短链脂肪酸如丁酸、丙酸和甲酸。因为这些有机酸和中链脂肪酸间有协同作用，所以联合使用具有叠加效果。
短链脂肪酸酸化肠道扰乱细菌细胞壁，使中链脂肪酸更容易进入细菌内部。它们改变pH并且引起细胞崩解。它们还抑制脂肪酶的产生，细菌粘附到肠壁上需要利用这种酶。
中链脂肪酸可以甘油三酯的形式存在，但是这种存在形式发挥最佳作用需要脂肪酶的参与。它们的盐存在气味的问题，需要加香味剂来解决(所以配方中添加调味剂)。也可采用包被保护它们通过十二指肠并且在回肠和大肠中释放(所以采用包被技术)。将中链脂肪酸包被处理意味着一旦有需要它们就可立即发挥作用，还不需要其它的辅助成分即可发挥作用，比如酶(所以配方中添加酶制剂)。
对猪的好处
幼龄猪推荐添加高水平的中链脂肪酸，因为它们面临的挑战最大。仔猪的免疫系统尚在发育，而且它们在与各种各样大量的微生物接触。
中链脂肪酸对断奶猪的好处体现在长速和料比上。这一效果在应激或疾病条件下体现的更为明显，可以降低腹泻的发生率。研究表明中链脂肪酸可改善仔猪对蛋白和纤维的消化。
早期生长过程中的应激影响猪的生产表现，换料转栏和重建社会秩序时的打斗可导致采食量降低肠道健康下降。通过改善这些时期的肠道健康，中链脂肪酸可提高猪的整体生产表现。
生长后期也有使用必要，因为采食量大了，争食抢料会造成应激。对于母猪，维持其肠道健康不但对小猪有好处，而且还可延长母猪的使用年限。
减少抗生素的使用
如果考虑减少抗生素用量或者做无抗料，添加中链脂肪酸是一个方案。虽然不是对抗生素的直接替代，但是它们是个有用的工具，尤其对断奶猪来说更是如此，改善环境、加强营养和卫生控制应该同时进行。
具体实施例
以下实施例中的实验方法如无特殊规定，均为常规方法，所涉及的实验试剂及材料如无特殊规定均为常规生化试剂和材料。
实施例1
1.一种怀孕母猪预混料，其包括以下重量份的组分：玉米30份、花生麸8份、菊粉25份、食盐3份、精氨酸5份、果寡糖10份、益生菌6份、低聚木糖7份、酵母硒5份、黄芪多糖10份、有机铬3份、缬氨酸5份，赖氨酸2份、恩拉霉素1份、酶制剂20份、复合中草药12份、脂肪酸4份、包被复合维生素25份。
其中：所述酶制剂由过氧化氢酶、植酸酶组合而成。
所述复合中草药由莲子、甘草、蒲公英、山楂、陈皮混合而成。
所述脂肪酸为提取自椰子油和/或棕榈油的中链脂肪酸。
所述益生菌为枯草芽孢杆菌。
所述包被复合维生素的芯材包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、叶酸和生物素，所述包被复合维生素的壁材为植物蜡。
2.上述预混料的制备方法为：将75％配方量的包被复合维生素与配方量的玉米、花生麸、菊粉、食盐、精氨酸、果寡糖、益生菌、低聚木糖、酵母硒、黄芪多糖、有机铬、缬氨酸，赖氨酸、恩拉霉素、酶制剂、复合中草药、脂肪酸混合，混合均匀后，再加入剩余的包被复合维生素，充分混合后得到复合饲料添加剂。
实施例2
1.一种怀孕母猪预混料，其包括以下重量份的组分：玉米20份、花生麸10份、菊粉15份、食盐4份、精氨酸2份、果寡糖8份、益生菌3份、低聚木糖10份、酵母硒10份、黄芪多糖12份、有机铬6份、缬氨酸2份，赖氨酸3份、恩拉霉素5份、酶制剂12份、复合中草药15份、脂肪酸7份、包被复合维生素15份。
其中：所述酶制剂由过氧化氢酶蛋白酶、淀粉酶组合而成。
所述复合中草药由甘草、蒲公英、山楂、混合而成。
所述脂肪酸为提取自椰子油和/或棕榈油的中链脂肪酸。
所述益生菌为丁酸梭菌、乳酸杆菌组合而成。
所述包被复合维生素的芯材包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、叶酸和生物素，所述包被复合维生素的壁材为植物蜡、动物蜡的混合。
2.上述预混料的制备方法为：将80％配方量的包被复合维生素与配方量的玉米、花生麸、菊粉、食盐、精氨酸、果寡糖、益生菌、低聚木糖、酵母硒、黄芪多糖、有机铬、缬氨酸，赖氨酸、恩拉霉素、酶制剂、复合中草药、脂肪酸混合，混合均匀后，再加入剩余的包被复合维生素，充分混合后得到复合饲料添加剂。
实施例3
1.一种怀孕母猪预混料，其包括以下重量份的组分：玉米40份、花生麸6份、菊粉30份、食盐1份、精氨酸1份、果寡糖5份、益生菌8份、低聚木糖5份、酵母硒1份、黄芪多糖12份、有机铬5份、缬氨酸3份，赖氨酸5份、恩拉霉素3份、酶制剂16份、复合中草药10份、脂肪酸9份、包被复合维生素35份。
其中：所述酶制剂由植酸酶、木聚糖酶和β-甘露聚糖酶组合而成。
所述复合中草药由莲子、蒲公英、山楂、陈皮混合而成。
所述脂肪酸为提取自椰子油和/或棕榈油的中链脂肪酸。
所述益生菌为丁酸梭菌、乳酸杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌组合而成。
所述包被复合维生素的芯材包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、叶酸和生物素，所述包被复合维生素的壁材为明胶。
2.上述预混料的制备方法为：将70-80％配方量的包被复合维生素与配方量的玉米、花生麸、菊粉、食盐、精氨酸、果寡糖、益生菌、低聚木糖、酵母硒、黄芪多糖、有机铬、缬氨酸，赖氨酸、恩拉霉素、酶制剂、复合中草药、脂肪酸混合，混合均匀后，再加入剩余的包被复合维生素，充分混合后得到复合饲料添加剂。
效果研究
一、试验目的
验证怀孕母猪预混合饲料产品对怀孕母猪繁殖性能的有效性试验。
二、试验设计
1.试验地点
沭阳禾嘉牧业发展有限公司养猪场。
2.试验周期
2017年-3月9日-4月7日，妊娠母猪20头，分为对照组、试验组，每组10头，从妊娠30d开始至仔猪21d断奶，共105天。对照组饲喂基础日粮，试验组饲喂10％怀孕母猪预混合饲料+90％基础日粮。
3.试验指标
发病率、平均窝产仔数、平均仔猪初生重、平均仔猪28日龄断奶重、断奶成活率。
4.试验步骤
对照组和试验组母猪在同一区域与相同养殖条件下进行饲养，采用有活动空间的猪舍。
5.统计分析
试验结果采用Excel 2007进行处理，SPSS19.0进行显著性分析，结果以“平均值±标准差”表示。
三、结果与分析
表1.实验组和对照组生产指标比较
结论：本怀孕母猪预混料能增强母猪免疫力(降低发病率)、提高经产母猪产活仔率、促进母猪排卵、提高断奶成活率，具有安全、高效、绿色的特点。
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种怀孕母猪预混料，其包括以下重量份的组分：玉米20-40份、花生麸6-10份、菊粉15-30份、食盐1-4份、精氨酸1-5份、果寡糖5-10份、益生菌3-8份、低聚木糖5-10份、酵母硒1-10份、黄芪多糖1-12份、有机铬3-6份、缬氨酸2-5份，赖氨酸2-5份、恩拉霉素1-5份、酶制剂12-20份、复合中草药10-15份、脂肪酸4-9份、包被复合维生素15-35份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的怀孕母猪预混料，其特征在于：所述酶制剂由过氧化氢酶、植酸酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶、木聚糖酶和β-甘露聚糖酶中的一种或多种组合而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的怀孕母猪预混料，其特征在于：所述复合中草药由莲子、甘草、蒲公英、山楂、陈皮中的一种或多种混合而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的怀孕母猪预混料，其特征在于：所述脂肪酸为提取自椰子油和/或棕榈油的中链脂肪酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的怀孕母猪预混料，其特征在于：所述益生菌为丁酸梭菌、乳酸杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌中的一种或多种组合而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的怀孕母猪预混料，其特征在于：所述包被复合维生素的芯材包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、叶酸和生物素，所述包被复合维生素的壁材包括植物蜡、动物蜡、明胶中的一种或多种。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的怀孕母猪预混料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：将70-80％配方量的包被复合维生素与配方量的玉米、花生麸、菊粉、食盐、精氨酸、果寡糖、益生菌、低聚木糖、酵母硒、黄芪多糖、有机铬、缬氨酸，赖氨酸、恩拉霉素、酶制剂、复合中草药、脂肪酸混合，混合均匀后，再加入剩余的包被复合维生素，充分混合后得到复合饲料添加剂。
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