CN110622350A - Metal-air battery and method for setting inter-electrode distance of metal-air battery - Google Patents
Metal-air battery and method for setting inter-electrode distance of metal-air battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110622350A CN110622350A CN201980002172.3A CN201980002172A CN110622350A CN 110622350 A CN110622350 A CN 110622350A CN 201980002172 A CN201980002172 A CN 201980002172A CN 110622350 A CN110622350 A CN 110622350A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
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Abstract
A high-performance metal-air battery is efficiently obtained. The metal-air battery (10) is provided with a metal electrode (15) and air electrodes (13A, 13B) opposite to the metal electrode (15), wherein the air electrodes (13A, 13B) are respectively arranged on both sides of the metal electrode (15), the metal electrode (15) is arranged at a position close to either one of the air electrodes (13A, 13B) on both sides, and the average value of the voltage obtained from a1 st battery in which the metal electrode (15) and one air electrode (13A) are arranged with an inter-electrode distance (LA) and the voltage obtained from a2 nd battery in which the metal electrode (15) and the other air electrode (13B) are arranged with an inter-electrode distance (LB) is higher than the voltage obtained when the metal electrode (15) is arranged at the center position of the air electrodes (13A, 13B) on both sides.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a metal-air battery and a method for setting an inter-electrode distance of the metal-air battery.
Background
In general, in a metal-air battery, an air electrode as a positive electrode and a metal electrode as a negative electrode are present in pairs. Further, a structure has been proposed in which air electrodes are disposed at equal distances on both sides of a metal electrode (fuel electrode) in a metal-air battery (see, for example, patent document 1).
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2015-99740
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, since the metal-air battery mainly reacts on the surface of the air electrode facing the metal electrode, in the case of a structure in which the air electrode faces only one surface of the metal electrode, the reaction area per cell is limited, and there is a limitation in improving the battery performance. For example, the degree of polarization of the electrode tends to increase as a result of an increase in current density when a current flows.
On the other hand, in the structure of patent document 1, the current density is reduced by enlarging the air electrode area per cell, and as a result, the degree of electrode polarization is reduced. However, batteries with higher performance are desired in the market, and particularly, for metal air batteries used in disaster situations, applications for charging smart phones and the like that can be charged with high current are desired. That is, the metal-air battery needs to further reduce electrode polarization.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to efficiently obtain a high-performance metal-air battery.
Means for solving the problems
The present specification includes the entire contents of japanese patent application No. 2018-078517 filed on 16/4/2018.
In order to solve the above problems, a metal-air battery of the present invention includes a metal electrode and an air electrode facing the metal electrode, wherein the air electrodes are disposed on both sides of the metal electrode, the metal electrode is disposed at a position close to one of the air electrodes on both sides, and a1 st distance as an inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and one of the air electrodes and a2 nd distance as an inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and the other of the air electrodes satisfy the following condition, that is, the average value of the voltage obtained from the 1 st cell in which the metal electrode and the one air electrode are arranged at the 1 st distance and the voltage obtained from the 2 nd cell in which the metal electrode and the other air electrode are arranged at the 2 nd distance is higher than the voltage obtained when the metal electrode is arranged at the center of the air electrodes on both sides.
In the above configuration, when the shorter one of the inter-electrode distances is a value LA and the longer one of the inter-electrode distances is a value LB, the value (LB/LA) may be 2 or more.
In the above configuration, the battery pack may further include a support member that supports the metal electrode so as to be spaced apart from the bottom plate portion of the battery case that houses the metal electrode.
In addition, in the method of setting the inter-electrode distance of the metal-air battery including the metal electrode and the air electrode opposed to the metal electrode, the air electrode being disposed on both sides of the metal electrode, respectively, and the metal electrode being disposed at a position close to either one of the air electrodes on both sides, the method is characterized in that, in accordance with a nonlinear characteristic indicating a relationship between the inter-electrode distance and a voltage, a1 st distance as the inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and one of the air electrodes and a2 nd distance as the inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and the other of the air electrodes are set so that an average value of a voltage obtained from a1 st cell in which the metal electrode and the one of the air electrodes are disposed at the 1 st distance and a voltage obtained from a2 nd cell in which the metal electrode and the other of the air electrodes are disposed at the 2 nd distance is higher than an average value of voltages obtained from a2 nd cell in which the metal electrode and the other of the air electrode are disposed The voltage obtained with the central position of the air electrode.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, a high voltage can be easily obtained while ensuring a capacity, and a high-performance metal-air battery can be efficiently obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a metal-air battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 (a) is a diagram showing example 1, fig. 3 (B) is a diagram showing comparative example 1, and fig. 3 (C) is a diagram showing comparative example 2.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of the capacity tests of example 1, comparative example 1, and comparative example 2.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the results of an electrode polarization test for each combination of the inter-electrode distances LA, LB.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of the constant current discharge test for each combination of the inter-electrode distances LA, LB.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the nonlinear characteristic of the relationship between the inter-electrode distance [ mm ] and the voltage [ V ].
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the results of the electrode polarization test for each combination of the other inter-electrode distances LA, LB.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the results of the constant current discharge test of each combination shown in fig. 8.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a metal-air battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view a-a of fig. 1.
The metal-air battery 10 is a primary battery, and includes: a battery case 11 (also referred to as a battery) is provided with two air electrodes 13A and 13B and one metal electrode 15 in the battery case 11, and power generation is started by injecting an electrolyte into the battery case 11. During power generation, the air electrodes 13A and 13B function as positive electrodes, and the metal electrode 15 functions as a negative electrode. In fig. 2, reference symbol UL denotes the position of the upper surface of the electrolyte injected into the battery case 11.
The material of the battery container 11 is not particularly limited, and paper or resin, for example, may be used. In the case where paper is used as the battery case 11, a sheet in which a film is provided on the surface of the paper constituting the base material is used, and as a specific example, a laminated paper whose inner surface is laminated with a hot-melt resin (for example, Polyethylene (PE)) can be used. By performing the lamination process, leakage of the electrolytic solution and the like can be prevented.
In the present description, the respective directions such as up, down, left, and right correspond to the directions in which the metal-air battery 10 is used, and the reference numeral X, the reference numeral Y, and the reference numeral Z in fig. 1 and the like denote the front, the right, and the upper, respectively. The X direction coincides with the arrangement direction of the air electrode 13A, the metal electrode 15, and the air electrode 13B. In addition, the installation direction may be changed depending on the use situation.
The battery case 11 is a thin rectangular parallelepiped shape, and integrally includes the following portions by bending a sheet containing paper: a bottom plate portion 21 that constitutes a bottom surface of the battery case 11; a front wall portion 22 constituting a front surface; a rear wall portion 23 constituting a rear surface; left and right side wall portions (left and right wall portions) 24 that constitute left and right side surfaces; and an upper plate portion 25 constituting an upper surface.
The front wall 22 and the rear wall 23 are surfaces having the same shape, are arranged parallel to each other, form the largest surface of the battery case 11, and have rectangular openings 22K having the same shape and size. The opening 22K of the front wall 22 is covered with the rectangular air electrode 13A, and the opening 22K of the rear wall 23 is covered with the rectangular air electrode 13B.
The air electrodes 13A and 13B are formed in the same shape and the same size, and are disposed on both sides of the metal electrode 15. Each of the air electrodes 13A and 13B is a member having air permeability that allows outside air to pass through the battery can 11 and liquid impermeability that prevents electrolyte from leaking, and for example, each of the air electrodes 13A and 13B is integrally formed by pressing (punching) a catalyst sheet or the like constituting a catalyst layer on both surfaces of a rectangular copper mesh constituting a current collector.
The air electrodes 13A and 13B are exposed in the battery case 11 through the opening 22K provided in the battery case 11, and the regions of the air electrodes 13A and 13B in the opening 22K substantially function as the air electrodes 13A and 13B. In addition, the liquid-impermeable sheet may be provided separately to ensure liquid-impermeability. The air electrodes 13A and 13B are not limited to the above configuration, and a known configuration can be widely applied.
The current collector is a porous current collector, and has good gas permeability by forming a copper mesh (copper mesh) in a rectangular shape. The current collector is not limited to copper, and may be other metals such as iron, nickel, and brass. Further, the porous structure is not limited to the porous structure formed of a net (mesh body), and a porous structure having air permeability other than the net can be widely used. The copper mesh is particularly preferable in view of both battery characteristics and cost.
The catalyst sheet is produced by sandwiching a paste obtained by kneading a conductive agent and an organic binder with water between films made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (hereinafter referred to as PET films), pressing the paste into a sheet by a roll press, and drying the sheet.
As the conductive agent, carbon powder, a metal material such as copper or aluminum, an organic conductive material such as a polyphenylene derivative, or the like can be used. The carbon powder is preferably carbon black such as superconducting carbon black, graphite, activated carbon, carbon nanotube, or carbon nanohorn powder.
The organic binder is a polymer dispersion, and specifically, a thermoplastic resin such as a fluorine-based resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, teflon (registered trademark)), or a polyolefin-based resin such as polypropylene (PP) is preferable.
The metal electrode 15 is supported by a pair of left and right support members 30 in the battery case 11, and faces the air electrodes 13A and 13B. The metal electrode 15 is formed of a metal plate made of a magnesium alloy, and is disposed parallel to the air electrodes 13A and 13B. The electrolyte of the metal-air battery 10 is an aqueous sodium chloride solution. That is, the metal-air battery 10 of the present embodiment is a magnesium-air battery. In the magnesium air battery, since seawater or a liquid obtained by mixing a salt with tap water can be used as the electrolyte, the electrolyte can be easily supplied. Further, a bag containing sodium chloride as an electrolyte may be disposed in advance inside the battery case 11, and power generation may be performed only by injecting water such as tap water. The mass of sodium chloride in the electrolyte is preferably 4% to 18% with respect to the mass of the solvent. If the amount is less than 4%, the electrolyte is insufficient, the liquid resistance is large, and the battery performance is not reliable, and if the amount exceeds 18%, the electrolyte gradually evaporates with discharge, and salt precipitates to become a resistance, and the battery performance is not reliable.
The metal electrode 15 has a pair of left and right anode pieces 15a1 extending upward and exposed above the electrolytic solution, and one of the anode pieces 15a1 is used as a wiring connection portion for connecting the power wiring 52 (fig. 3).
As shown in fig. 1, cut-out portions 15a2 cut upward are formed at the lower left and right ends of the metal electrode 15, and the outer shape of each cut-out portion 15a2 matches the outer shape of the anode sheet 15a 1. Thus, the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal electrode 15 are formed in the same shape, and when the metal electrode 15 is cut from one metal plate (a magnesium alloy plate in this configuration), the metal electrode can be continuously cut without a gap.
In this configuration, when the metal electrode 15 is inserted into the battery case 11 together with the pair of left and right support members 30, the metal electrode 15 is positioned in the battery case 11 by the support members 30. Thus, the metal electrode 15 faces the air electrodes 13A and 13B exposed to the inside through the opening 22K, and the inter-electrode distances LA and LB, which are the separation distances between the air electrodes 13A and 13B and the metal electrode 15, are kept constant. Alternatively, the metal electrode 15 may be inserted after the support member 30 is inserted into the battery case 11 in advance.
The pair of left and right support members 30 are formed of the same member, and more specifically, the support members 30 include: a support member body 31 detachably attached to the metal electrode 15 and extending in the vertical direction (Y direction); and a plurality of (4) abutting portions 41 that protrude from the support member body 31 and abut against the inner surface of the battery container 11. Each contact portion 41 includes: a pair of upper and lower front protruding portions 42 protruding forward (+ X direction) from the support member main body 31; and a pair of upper and lower rear protruding portions 43 protruding rearward (-X direction) from the support member body 31.
When the support member 30 is inserted into the battery case 11, the protruding surface of the front protruding portion 42 of the support member 30 abuts against the front wall portion 22, and the protruding surface of the rear protruding portion 43 abuts against the rear wall portion 23, whereby the front and rear positions of the metal electrode 15 supported by the support member 30 are positioned. The front protruding portion 42 also protrudes outward in the right and left directions and abuts against the side wall portion 24 of the battery case 11, thereby positioning the right and left positions of the metal electrode 15. This allows the metal electrode 15 to be positioned in the battery case 11, and the inter-electrode distances LA, LB, and the like to be kept constant.
The pair of left and right support members 30 support the metal electrode 15 so as to be spaced apart from the bottom plate portion 21 of the battery case 11.
When the amount of the metal electrode 15 serving as the negative electrode active material is sufficient, the battery capacity depends on the amount of water serving as a solvent of the electrolyte. Therefore, the inventors have made various studies to secure a capacity and obtain a high generated voltage in an air battery having the same battery capacity. In this configuration, as shown in fig. 2, the metal electrode 15 is disposed at a position close to either one of the air electrodes 13A and 13B on both sides, whereby a high generated voltage is obtained while ensuring a capacity. Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be described. In addition, the embodiments are not limited to the following embodiments.
Fig. 3 (a) shows example 1, fig. 3 (B) shows comparative example 1, and fig. 3 (C) shows comparative example 2. Fig. 3 (a) to 3 (C) show cross-sectional structures at the right and left centers of the metal-air battery 10 of example 1 and comparative examples 1 and 2. In each figure, reference numeral 51 denotes a power line connected to the air electrodes 13A and 13B, and reference numeral 52 denotes a power line connected to the metal electrode 15.
In example 1, the metal electrode 15 is disposed close to one air electrode 13A, and the configuration can be expressed as a bias type. In contrast, comparative example 1 has a structure in which the metal electrodes 15 are disposed at the centers of the air electrodes 13A and 13B on both sides, and is hereinafter appropriately described as a center-disposed type. In comparative example 2, the right air electrode 13B was removed from example 1, that is, the air electrode 13A was disposed only on one side of the metal electrode 15.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results (capacity-voltage characteristics) obtained by performing a constant current discharge test of the above-described 3 types of metal-air batteries 10 under the following conditions. The characteristic diagram shown in FIG. 4 and the following figures is an internal volume of 650cm3And the result of a constant current discharge test using metal electrodes 15 having four sides of 150mm and a thickness of 3mm in the battery case 11 having a separation distance of the air electrode 13A and the air electrode 13B of 26 mm. In addition, 600cm of electrolyte is injected into the battery jar3The right and left saline solutions are used as electrolytes.
The constant current discharge test is a constant current discharge test in which a constant current corresponding to 2A is continuously applied in a normal temperature environment (25 ℃) until the battery voltage reaches 0V (until the metal electrode 15 is consumed and the battery life is reached). In fig. 4, the horizontal axis represents the battery capacity [ Ah ], and the vertical axis represents the battery voltage [ V ].
As shown in fig. 4, in example 1, the degree of electrode polarization was smaller than in comparative examples 1 and 2, and the state in which the degree of electrode polarization was smaller was maintained until the end of discharge. Comparative example 1 has a higher voltage than comparative example 2, but has a lower voltage than example 1.
Next, in order to confirm the influence of the inter-electrode distance, tests were performed using the same battery as in example 1, except that a plurality of inter-electrode distances LA and LB were used. The test results are shown in fig. 5 (electrode polarization test) and fig. 6 (constant current discharge test).
In the electrode polarization test, in a state where the electrolyte solution was injected, in order to make the battery state uniform under the same conditions and to activate the reaction, the battery was left for 3 minutes, then connected to a discharge device, a current corresponding to-2A was allowed to flow for 10 minutes, and then stopped for 3 minutes. Next, the average discharge voltage was measured at each current value when the currents of 1.0A, 1.5A, 2.0A, 2.5A, 3.0A, 4.0A, 5.0A, and 6.0A were allowed to flow for 5 minutes.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing a current-voltage relationship for each combination of the inter-electrode distances LA, LB, with the battery current [ a ] on the horizontal axis and the average battery voltage [ V ] on the vertical axis.
As shown in fig. 5, the combination of the interelectrode distances 0.5mm, 22.5mm achieves a relatively high voltage value at any current value. In addition to this combination, good results were obtained in the order of the combination of the inter-electrode distance of 5.5mm and 17.5mm, and the combination of the inter-electrode distance of 9.5mm and 13.5 mm. On the other hand, the combination of the inter-electrode distances 11.5mm and 11.5mm corresponding to comparative example 2 was the lowest voltage at any current value.
According to the study of the inventors, when the value LA is set to the smaller one of the inter-electrode distances, the voltage can be increased efficiently when the value (LB/LA) is 2 or more. In the case where the value (LB/LA) is 2 or more, the inter-electrode distance in the example of fig. 5 is a combination of 0.5mm and 22.5mm, and the inter-electrode distance is a combination of 5.5mm and 17.5 mm.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of the constant current discharge test for each combination of the inter-electrode distances LA, LB, with the battery capacity [ Ah ] on the horizontal axis and the battery voltage [ V ] on the vertical axis. In addition, the constant current discharge test was performed by the same method as in example 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the capacity is substantially unchanged in all combinations of the inter-electrode distances LA, LB shown in fig. 5. This means that even if the inter-electrode distance is changed as in the above-described combinations of the inter-electrode distances LA and LB, the influence on the capacity is small.
However, when the inter-electrode distance LA or LB is too narrow, reaction products are deposited between the air electrodes 13A, 13B and the metal electrode 15, resulting in a decrease in discharge capacity. Accordingly, it is preferable that the inter-electrode distance is at least 0.5mm and is set to 0.5mm or more, so that the reaction product generated by the discharge hardly deposits between the air electrodes 13A and 13B and the metal electrode 15, and the influence on the power generation can be suppressed.
It is preferable that the values of the inter-electrode distances LA and LB are set based on a nonlinear characteristic representing a relationship between the inter-electrode distance [ mm ] and the voltage [ V ]. Hereinafter, a method of setting the interpolar distance will be described.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing a nonlinear characteristic (hereinafter referred to as a characteristic curve f1) of the relationship between the inter-electrode distance [ mm ] and the voltage [ V ]. The characteristic curve f1 is a curve uniquely determined when the air electrodes 13A, 13B, the metal electrode 15, and the like are determined.
By using this characteristic curve f1, as shown in fig. 7, it is possible to calculate the voltage VA of the 1 st cell constituted by a pair of electrode plates (the metal electrode 15 and the air electrode 13A) disposed to face each other with the inter-electrode distance LA therebetween and the voltage VB of the 2 nd cell constituted by a pair of electrode plates (the metal electrode 15 and the air electrode 13B) disposed to face each other with the inter-electrode distance LB therebetween.
The sum of the calculated values VA and VB can be regarded as the voltage of the metal-air cell 10 shown in fig. 2 set as the inter-electrode distances LA and LB.
As shown in fig. 7, the voltage VC of the centrally disposed battery including a pair of electrode plates (the metal electrode 15 and the air electrode 13A) disposed to face each other with the inter-electrode distance LC therebetween is calculated from the characteristic curve f 1. A value 2 times the calculated voltage VC can be regarded as the voltage of the metal-air cell 10 of the center disposition type.
The inter-electrode distances LA and LB are set so that the following expression (1) is satisfied.
(VA+VB)>2×VC
＝(VA+VB)/2＞VC····(1)
The above equation (1) indicates that the average value of the voltage VA and the voltage VB is larger than the voltage VC of the center layout type.
By setting the inter-electrode distances LA, LB so as to satisfy the equation (1), a voltage higher than that of the center arrangement type can be obtained.
In summary, the inter-electrode distances LA, LB are set so that the average value of the voltage VA obtained from the 1 st cell in which the metal electrode 15 and the air electrode 13A are arranged at the inter-electrode distance LA and the voltage VB obtained from the 2 nd cell in which the metal electrode 15 and the air electrode 13B are arranged at the inter-electrode distance LB is higher than the voltage VC obtained in the case where the metal electrode 15 is arranged at the center position of the air electrodes 13A, 13B on both sides, according to the characteristic curve f1 representing the inter-electrode distance-voltage relationship. This makes it possible to easily set the inter-electrode distances LA and LB that can obtain a high voltage in the metal-air battery 10 in which the metal electrode 15 is brought close to either of the air electrodes 13A and 13B on both sides.
FIGS. 8 and 9 show results obtained by conducting an electrode polarization test and a constant current discharge test of the metal-air cell 10 in which the internal volume of the metal-air cell 10 is 350cm3In the battery can 11 in which the separation distance between the air electrode 13A and the air electrode 13B is 14mm, the metal electrode 15 having four sides of 150mm and a thickness of 3mm is used. In addition, 330cm was injected into the battery case 113The right and left saline solutions are used as electrolytes.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the results of the electrode polarization test for each combination of the other inter-electrode distances LA, LB, and shows the relationship between the current value and the voltage. The electrode polarization test was the same as described above, and after leaving for 3 minutes, the discharge apparatus was connected to allow a current at-2A to flow for 10 minutes, and then, stopped for 3 minutes. Next, the average voltage at each current value when currents of 1.0A, 2.0A, 3.0A, 4.0A, 5.0A, and 6.0A were allowed to flow for 5 minutes was measured.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the results of the constant current discharge test for each combination shown in fig. 8, with the battery capacity [ Ah ] on the horizontal axis and the battery voltage [ V ] on the vertical axis. In addition, the constant current discharge test was performed by the same method as in example 1.
As shown in fig. 8, when the combination of the inter-electrode distances LA and LB is the combination of the inter-electrode distances 0.5mm and 10.5mm, and the combination of the inter-electrode distances 4.5mm and 6.5mm, the combination of the inter-electrode distances 0.5mm and 10.5mm, and the combination of the inter-electrode distances 4.5mm and 6.5mm obtain a high voltage from the high side to the low side. On the other hand, the voltage corresponding to the combination of the center arrangement type inter-electrode distances of 5.5mm and 5.5mm is the lowest.
As shown in fig. 9, it was confirmed that the capacity was not substantially changed in all combinations of the inter-electrode distances LA and LB shown in fig. 8. Therefore, as can be seen from fig. 8, by bringing the metal electrode 15 closer to either of the air electrodes 13A and 13B on both sides, a high voltage can be obtained while ensuring a capacity.
As described above, in the metal-air battery 10 of the present embodiment, the air electrodes 13A and 13B are disposed on both sides of the metal electrode 15, and the metal electrode 15 is disposed at a position close to either of the air electrodes 13A and 13B on both sides, so that a high voltage can be easily obtained while ensuring a capacity. Therefore, a high-performance metal-air battery can be efficiently obtained.
The following conditions are satisfied by an inter-electrode distance LA (corresponding to the 1 st distance) between the metal electrode 15 and one air electrode 13A, and an inter-electrode distance LB (corresponding to the 2 nd distance) between the metal electrode 15 and the other air electrode 13B. This condition is that the average value of the voltage VA obtained from the 1 st cell in which the metal electrode 15 and one air electrode 13A are arranged at the inter-electrode distance LA and the voltage VB obtained from the 2 nd cell in which the metal electrode 15 and the other air electrode 13B are arranged at the inter-electrode distance LB is higher than the voltage VC obtained in the case where the metal electrode 15 is arranged at the center position of the air electrodes 13A, 13B on both sides. This makes it possible to obtain a voltage higher than that of the center disposition type.
Further, as the inter-electrode distance setting method, the inter-electrode distances LA, LB are set so that the average value of the voltage VA obtained from the 1 st cell in which the metal electrode 15 and the air electrode 13A are arranged with the inter-electrode distance LA and the voltage VB obtained from the 2 nd cell in which the metal electrode 15 and the air electrode 13B are arranged with the inter-electrode distance LB is higher than the voltage VC obtained in the case where the metal electrode 15 is arranged at the center position of the air electrodes 13A, 13B on both sides, according to the characteristic curve f1 showing the relationship of the inter-electrode distance-voltage, and therefore, the inter-electrode distances LA, LB at which a higher voltage can be obtained can be easily set.
When the shorter inter-electrode distance is set to the value LA and the longer inter-electrode distance is set to the value LB, the inter-electrode distances LA and LB for obtaining a high voltage can be set more easily by setting the value (LB/LA) to 2 or more.
Further, by setting the value LA of the inter-electrode distance to 0.5mm or more, the reaction product generated by the discharge hardly deposits between the air electrodes 13A, 13B and the metal electrode 15, and the influence on the power generation can be easily suppressed sufficiently.
The metal-air battery 10 of the present embodiment includes a pair of left and right support members 30, and the pair of left and right support members 30 support the metal electrode 15 so as to be spaced apart from the bottom plate portion 21 of the battery case 11. This can suppress the deposition of reaction products generated by discharge, promote the convection of the electrolyte, and effectively suppress the influence of the reaction products on the battery reaction.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made according to the technical concept of the present invention. For example, each part of the metal-air battery 10 including the air electrodes 13A and 13B and the metal electrode 15 may be appropriately modified.
The metal electrode 15 is not limited to a magnesium alloy, and other materials may be used. Examples of the other material include metals such as zinc, iron, and aluminum, and alloys containing any of these metals. When zinc is used for the metal electrode 15, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide may be used as the electrolyte, and when iron is used for the metal electrode 15, an aqueous solution of an alkali may be used as the electrolyte. When aluminum is used for the metal electrode 15, an electrolyte containing sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide may be used.
Description of the reference symbols
10: a metal-air battery;
11: a battery case;
13A, 13B: an air electrode;
15: a metal electrode;
21: a bottom plate portion;
22: a front wall portion;
22K: an opening part;
23: a rear wall portion;
24: a sidewall portion;
30: a support member;
LA, LB, LC: inter-electrode distance;
VA, VB, VC: a voltage;
f 1: characteristic curve (nonlinear characteristic representing the relationship between inter-electrode distance and voltage).
Claims (4)
1. A metal-air battery comprising a metal electrode and an air electrode facing the metal electrode,
the air electrodes are respectively arranged at two sides of the metal electrode,
the metal electrode is disposed at a position close to either one of the air electrodes on both sides,
a1 st distance as an inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and one of the air electrodes and a2 nd distance as an inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and the other of the air electrodes satisfy a condition that an average value of a voltage obtained from a1 st cell in which the metal electrode and one of the air electrodes are arranged at the 1 st distance and a voltage obtained from a2 nd cell in which the metal electrode and the other of the air electrodes are arranged at the 2 nd distance is higher than a voltage obtained in a case where the metal electrode is arranged at a center position of the air electrodes on both sides.
2. The metal-air cell of claim 1,
when the shorter inter-electrode distance is a value LA and the longer inter-electrode distance is a value LB, the value (LB/LA) is 2 or more.
3. Metal-air battery according to any of claims 1 or 2,
the battery pack includes a support member that supports the metal electrode so as to be spaced apart from a bottom plate portion of a battery case that houses the metal electrode.
4. A method for setting an inter-electrode distance of a metal-air battery,
the metal-air battery includes a metal electrode and an air electrode opposed to the metal electrode,
the air electrodes are respectively arranged at two sides of the metal electrode,
the metal electrode is disposed at a position close to either one of the air electrodes on both sides,
according to a nonlinear characteristic representing a relationship between the inter-electrode distance and the voltage, a1 st distance, which is the inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and one of the air electrodes, and a2 nd distance, which is the inter-electrode distance between the metal electrode and the other of the air electrodes, are set such that an average value of a voltage obtained from a1 st cell in which the metal electrode and one of the air electrodes are arranged at the 1 st distance and a voltage obtained from a2 nd cell in which the metal electrode and the other of the air electrodes are arranged at the 2 nd distance is higher than a voltage obtained in a case where the metal electrode is arranged at a center position of the air electrodes on both sides.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018-078517 | 2018-04-16 | ||
| JP2018078517A JP6526865B1 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Metal-air battery and method of setting inter-electrode distance of metal-air battery |
| PCT/JP2019/014855 WO2019202997A1 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2019-04-03 | Metal-air battery, and method for setting inter-electrode distance of metal-air battery |
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| CN110622350A true CN110622350A (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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| CN201980002172.3A Pending CN110622350A (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2019-04-03 | Metal-air battery and method for setting inter-electrode distance of metal-air battery |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6526865B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110622350A (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2019202997A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111679207A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-18 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军事新能源技术研究所 | Metal-air battery and discharge test system |
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| JP2021018883A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-02-15 | 古河電池株式会社 | Air battery and manufacturing method of the same |
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| WO2015076172A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | 古河電池株式会社 | Metal-air battery and metal-air battery unit |
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| JPS495536B1 (en) * | 1969-07-25 | 1974-02-07 | ||
| JP6439229B2 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2018-12-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | ELECTRODE STRUCTURE, AIR BATTERY SINGLE CELL STRUCTURE, AND AIR BATTERY STACK STRUCTURE |
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2018
- 2018-04-16 JP JP2018078517A patent/JP6526865B1/en active Active
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2019
- 2019-04-02 TW TW108111651A patent/TWI683467B/en active
- 2019-04-03 CN CN201980002172.3A patent/CN110622350A/en active Pending
- 2019-04-03 WO PCT/JP2019/014855 patent/WO2019202997A1/en active Application Filing
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| JP4905536B2 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2012-03-28 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Time information acquisition device and radio clock |
| US20120293110A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2012-11-22 | Spruce Frederick | Electrode, fuel cell and battery |
| US20160020498A1 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2016-01-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Metal-air battery |
| WO2015076172A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | 古河電池株式会社 | Metal-air battery and metal-air battery unit |
| CN106063025A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-10-26 | 古河电池株式会社 | Metal-air battery |
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| CN111679207B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2023-03-14 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军事新能源技术研究所 | Metal-air battery and discharge test system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6526865B1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
| TW201944648A (en) | 2019-11-16 |
| WO2019202997A1 (en) | 2019-10-24 |
| JP2019186150A (en) | 2019-10-24 |
| TWI683467B (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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Application publication date: 20191227 |