CN110617757B - Deflection measuring device and deflection measuring method for large plate girder - Google Patents
Deflection measuring device and deflection measuring method for large plate girder Download PDFInfo
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- CN110617757B CN110617757B CN201910987119.5A CN201910987119A CN110617757B CN 110617757 B CN110617757 B CN 110617757B CN 201910987119 A CN201910987119 A CN 201910987119A CN 110617757 B CN110617757 B CN 110617757B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0608—Height gauges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a deflection measuring device and a deflection measuring method for a girder, and relates to the technical field of girder deflection measurement. The invention can be conveniently fixed on a girder, is connected with a sliding block of a miniature linear guide rail through a marking color ring, freely slides down by means of a gravity sliding block, is finally lapped on the upper surface of the girder, can observe the positions of the marking color ring and a laser horizontal line on a standard steel ruler through a pair of glasses, realizes the measurement of the relative height of the girder, calculates the girder deflection through measurement data, establishes five or more measurement points, is evenly distributed on the girder, and performs multiple measurements to prove that the girder deflection is qualified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deflection measurement of a girder, in particular to a girder deflection measurement device and a deflection measurement method.
Background
Deflection is the linear displacement of the rod axis in the direction perpendicular to the axis or the linear displacement of the middle plane of the plate shell in the direction perpendicular to the middle plane when the stress or the non-uniform temperature changes, and deflection of the large plate beam refers to the maximum deformation of the large plate beam under the action of load, and generally refers to the vertical direction, namely the vertical deformation of the large plate beam.
The existing deflection measuring device is simple in structural design, cannot be conveniently fixed on a girder, and is used for measuring that a transmitting structure is often shielded by an edge structure of the girder or an obstacle nearby the girder, so that the measurement is troublesome, and the girder deflection measuring device and the deflection measuring method are required to be designed according to the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a deflection measuring device and a deflection measuring method for a girder, which can solve the problems that the prior art is protruding and cannot be conveniently fixed on the girder and is often shielded by a girder side mechanism or a nearby barrier.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the invention relates to a large plate girder deflection measuring device and a deflection measuring method, wherein the large plate girder deflection measuring device comprises a magnetic base, a detachable upright post is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the magnetic base, a pipe end sealing cover is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the detachable upright post, a detachable cross post is arranged on one side of the detachable upright post, an upright post fixing clamp is arranged between the detachable cross post and the detachable cross post, a quick screwing handle is arranged on one side of the detachable cross post, a rectangular slide bar is arranged at one end of the detachable cross post, a miniature linear guide rail is arranged on the outer surface of the rectangular slide bar, a marking color ring is arranged on one side of the rectangular slide bar, a joint bearing is arranged at one end of the rectangular slide bar, a stainless steel shaft is arranged in the middle of the joint bearing, a ruler placing table is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the stainless steel shaft, a standard plumb bob is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the ruler placing table, a symmetrical level meter is arranged on the middle of the ruler placing table, and a standard ruler is arranged on the middle of the ruler clamping seat.
Preferably, a fixed rod is arranged on one side of the marking color ring, the outer surface of the rectangular sliding rod is in sliding connection with the outer surface of the fixed rod through a miniature linear guide rail, and the outer surface of the lower end of the ruler placing table is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the upper end of the standard plumb through a stainless steel shaft.
Preferably, the magnetic base adopts a neodymium iron boron strong magnet, the column length of the detachable upright column and the column length of the detachable cross column are 120mm, the outer diameter is 10mm, and the materials are stainless steel tubes.
Preferably, the guide rail length of the miniature linear guide rail is 105mm, the head pitch is 7.5mm, and the maximum circumferential inclination angle allowed by the knuckle bearing is about 30 degrees.
The invention relates to a method for measuring the deflection of a girder deflection measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Height of height measurement: the laser reticle instrument emits laser to be matched with the large plate girder deflection measuring device for leveling measurement, so that the height of the large plate girder and the heights of the devices at five measuring points can be measured;
(2) Length measurement: the deflection can be measured by the instrument through the existing infrared range finder, and the length measurement can be carried out by the laser emitted by the laser range finder and the deflection measuring device of the girder in a matched manner, so that the length of the girder can be measured;
(3) Recording through a telescope;
(4) Calculating deflection: and the deflection is unqualified when the deflection exceeds 1/850, and is qualified when the deflection is less than 1/850.
Further, the step (3) includes the following steps:
(a) Taking the device to a large plate girder to be measured, and fixedly mounting the device on the large plate girder through a magnetic base (1);
(b) The detachable upright post, the detachable cross post, the upright post fixing clamp, the quick-screwing handle, the standard steel ruler, the marking color ring, the stainless steel shaft, the standard plumb bob, the straight ruler placing table, the joint bearing and the rectangular sliding rod are arranged at the positions of corresponding parts of the device, and the device is assembled;
(c) The detachable upright post and the detachable cross post are fixed through an upright post fixing clamp, the angle is kept at a 90-degree included angle, and the out-of-plane distance of the detachable upright post can be adjusted by adjusting the upright post fixing clamp through a quick screwing handle;
(d) The straight ruler placing table is horizontally connected with the ground level through the connection of the stainless steel shaft and the knuckle bearing and the dead weight of the standard plumb;
(e) The marking color ring is connected with a sliding block of the miniature linear guide rail marking color ring, and the sliding block freely slides downwards by means of gravity and finally is lapped on the upper surface of the large plate;
(f) A proper position is selected for erecting a laser marking instrument, the level of the laser marking instrument is adjusted, a horizontal laser line is emitted, the staff of the girder deflection measuring device can be hit by the horizontal laser line on each measuring point, and at the moment, the positions of a marking color ring (8) and the horizontal laser line on a standard steel rule (7) can be observed through a pair of glasses, so that the measurement of the relative height of each measuring point of the girder is realized.
Further, in step (d), the length ratio of the upper and lower sections of the stainless steel shaft is 1:3, total length 40mm.
Further, when measuring the deflection of the girder, five or more measurement points should be set up and respectively located at the initial point, the middle point and the end point of the deflection of the girder, and multiple measurements are performed to ensure that the test is qualified.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention can be conveniently fixed on the girder, the position of the marking color ring on the standard steel ruler can be observed through the telescope, the deflection of the girder is measured, five or more measuring points are set up and are respectively positioned at the starting point, the middle point and the end point of the deflection of the girder, and the girder is measured for a plurality of times, so that the girder deflection is detected conveniently and accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the standard plumb 10 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a magnetic base 1 in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a specific structure of the ruler-setting table 12 according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the allowable tilt angle of the knuckle bearing 13 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a magnetic base; 2. a detachable upright; 3. a tube end closure cap; 4. a detachable cross post; 5. a column fixing clamp; 6. a quick-twist handle; 7. a standard steel rule; 8. marking a color ring; 9. a stainless steel shaft; 10. a standard plumb bob; 11. a miniature linear guide rail; 12. a ruler placing table; 13. a knuckle bearing; 14. a ruler clamping seat; 15. a symmetry level; 16. a rectangular slide bar.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the deflection measuring device and the deflection measuring method for the large plate girder comprise a magnetic base 1, wherein a detachable upright post 2 is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the magnetic base 1, a pipe end sealing cover 3 is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the detachable upright post 2, a detachable transverse post 4 is arranged on one side of the detachable upright post 2, an upright post fixing clamp 5 is arranged between the detachable upright post 2 and the detachable transverse post 4, a quick screwing handle 6 is arranged on one side of the detachable transverse post 4, a rectangular slide rod 16 is arranged at one end of the detachable transverse post 4, a miniature linear guide rail 11 is arranged on the outer surface of the rectangular slide rod 16, a marking color ring 8 is arranged on one side of the rectangular slide rod 16, a joint bearing 13 is arranged at one end of the rectangular slide rod 16, a stainless steel shaft 9 is arranged in the middle of the joint bearing 13, a standard plumb hammer 10 is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the stainless steel shaft 9, a ruler clamping seat 14 is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the straight ruler positioning table 12, a symmetrical level gauge 15 is arranged in the middle of the straight ruler positioning table 12, and a standard ruler 7 is arranged in the middle of the straight ruler clamping seat 14.
The related structure of the marking color ring 8 and the rectangular slide bar 16 is described, in this embodiment, a fixed bar is arranged on one side of the marking color ring 8, the outer surface of the rectangular slide bar 16 is slidably connected with the outer surface of the fixed bar through a micro linear guide 11, and the outer surface of the lower end of the ruler placing table 12 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the upper end of the standard plumb 10 through a stainless steel shaft 9.
The size and the structure of partial components are described, in this embodiment, the magnetic base 1 adopts a strong neodymium-iron-boron magnet, the column lengths of the detachable column 2 and the detachable column 4 are 120mm, the outer diameter is 10mm, and the materials are stainless steel tubes.
The dimensional requirements of the relevant structure are expressed, in this embodiment, the guide length of the miniature linear guide 11 is 105mm, the tip clearance is 7.5mm, and the maximum circumferential inclination angle allowed by the knuckle bearing 13 is about 30 °.
The invention relates to a method for measuring the deflection of a girder deflection measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Height of height measurement: the laser reticle instrument emits laser to be matched with the large plate girder deflection measuring device for leveling measurement, so that the height of the large plate girder and the heights of the devices at five measuring points can be measured;
(2) Length measurement: the deflection can be measured by the instrument through the existing infrared range finder, and the length measurement can be carried out by the laser emitted by the laser range finder and the deflection measuring device of the girder in a matched manner, so that the length of the girder can be measured;
(3) Recording through a telescope;
(4) Calculating deflection: and the deflection is unqualified when the deflection exceeds 1/850, and is qualified when the deflection is less than 1/850.
Further, the step (3) includes the following steps:
(a) Taking the device to a large plate girder to be measured, and fixedly mounting the device on the large plate girder through a magnetic base 1;
(b) The detachable upright post 2, the detachable cross post 4, the upright post fixing clamp 5, the quick screwing handle 6, the standard steel ruler 7, the marking color ring 8, the stainless steel shaft 9, the standard plumb 10, the straight ruler placing table 12, the joint bearing 13 and the rectangular sliding rod 16 are arranged at the positions of corresponding parts on the device, and the device is assembled;
(c) The detachable upright post 2 and the detachable cross post 4 are fixed through an upright post fixing clamp 5, the angle is kept at a 90-degree included angle, and the out-of-plane distance of the detachable upright post 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the upright post fixing clamp 5 through a quick screwing handle 6;
(d) The straight ruler placing table 12 is horizontally arranged with the ground level through the self weight of the standard plumb 10 by the connection of the stainless steel shaft 9 and the knuckle bearing 13 (the length of the upper section and the lower section of the stainless steel shaft is 1:3, and the total length is 40 mm);
(e) The marking color ring 8 is connected with a sliding block of the miniature linear guide rail marking color ring 11, and the sliding block freely slides downwards by means of gravity and finally is lapped on the upper surface of the large plate;
(f) A proper position is selected for erecting a laser marking instrument, the level of the laser marking instrument is adjusted, a horizontal laser line is emitted, the staff of the girder deflection measuring device can be hit by the horizontal laser line on each measuring point, and at the moment, the positions of the marking color ring 8 and the horizontal laser line on the standard steel rule 7 can be observed through the observation glasses, so that the measurement of the relative height of each measuring point of the girder is realized.
When measuring the deflection of the girder, five or more measurement points are set up and are respectively positioned at the starting point, the middle point and the end point of the deflection of the girder, and the girder is measured for a plurality of times so as to ensure that the test is qualified.
The working principle and the using flow of the invention are as follows: the invention mainly comprises a magnetic base 1, a detachable upright post 2, a pipe end sealing cover 3, a detachable cross post 4, an upright post fixing clamp 5, a quick screwing handle 6, a standard steel ruler 7, a marking color ring 8, a stainless steel shaft 9, a standard plumb 10, a miniature linear guide 11, a straight ruler placing table 12, a joint bearing 13, a straight ruler clamping seat 14, a symmetrical level meter 15 and a rectangular slide bar 16, wherein the device is taken to a large plate girder to be measured, and is fixedly arranged on the large plate girder through the magnetic base 1; the detachable upright post 2, the detachable cross post 4, the upright post fixing clamp 5, the quick screwing handle 6, the standard steel ruler 7, the marking color ring 8, the stainless steel shaft 9, the standard plumb 10, the straight ruler placing table 12, the joint bearing 13 and the rectangular sliding rod 16 are arranged at the positions of corresponding parts on the device, and the device is assembled; the detachable upright post 2 and the detachable cross post 4 are fixed through an upright post fixing clamp 5, the angle is kept at a 90-degree included angle, and the out-of-plane distance of the detachable upright post 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the upright post fixing clamp 5 through a quick screwing handle 6; the length ratio of the upper section to the lower section of the stainless steel shaft is 1 through the connection of the stainless steel shaft 9 and the knuckle bearing 13: 3, the total length is 40mm, and the ruler placing table 12 is level with the ground level through the dead weight of the standard plumb 10; the marking color ring 8 is connected with a sliding block of the miniature linear guide rail marking color ring 11, and the sliding block freely slides downwards by means of gravity and finally is lapped on the upper surface of the large plate; at the moment, the position of the marking color ring 8 on the standard steel rule 7 can be observed through the observation glasses, so that the deflection of the girder is measured; when measuring the deflection of the girder, five or more than five measuring points are set up and are respectively positioned at the starting point, the middle point and the end point of the deflection of the girder to carry out multiple measurements; the deflection can be measured by the instrument through the existing laser graticule, and the laser can be emitted by the laser graticule to be matched with the device for leveling measurement, so that the height of the girder and the height of the device at five measuring points can be measured; the deflection can be measured through the existing infrared range finder, the laser can be emitted by the laser range finder to carry out length measurement in cooperation with the device, the length of the girder and the distance between five measuring points can be measured, and when the height measurement is carried out by using the laser graticule and other instruments, the standard steel ruler 7 can also serve as a leveling rod, so that the device has a certain use prospect.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a big slab beam deflection measuring device, includes magnetism base (1), its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a ruler, including magnetic base (1), stand (2) are dismantled in upper end middle part of magnetic base (1), the upper end surface of dismantling stand (2) is provided with pipe end seal lid (3), one side of dismantling stand (2) is provided with and can dismantle diaphragm (4), be provided with stand fixation clamp (5) between dismantling stand (2) and dismantling diaphragm (4), one side of dismantling diaphragm (4) is provided with fast twist handle (6), the one end of dismantling diaphragm (4) is provided with rectangle slide bar (16), the surface of rectangle slide bar (16) is provided with miniature linear guide (11), one side of rectangle slide bar (16) is provided with mark color circle (8), the one end of rectangle slide bar (16) is provided with joint bearing (13), the middle part of joint bearing (13) is provided with stainless steel axle (9), the upper end surface of stainless steel axle (9) is provided with ruler and puts platform (12), the lower extreme surface of stainless steel axle (9) is provided with standard plumb bob (10), the surface of putting platform (14) is provided with straight ruler (14), the level middle part (14) is provided with straight ruler (14) and is provided with straight ruler (14); one side of the marking color ring (8) is provided with a fixed rod, the outer surface of the rectangular sliding rod (16) is in sliding connection with the outer surface of the fixed rod through a miniature linear guide rail (11), and the outer surface of the lower end of the ruler placing table (12) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the upper end of the standard plumb bob (10) through a stainless steel shaft (9); the magnetic base (1) adopts a neodymium iron boron strong magnet, the column length of the detachable upright column (2) and the detachable transverse column (4) is 120mm, the outer diameter is 10mm, and the materials are stainless steel tubes.
2. A girder deflection measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the guide rail length of the miniature linear guide rail (11) is 105mm, the tip clearance is 7.5mm, and the maximum circumferential inclination angle allowed by the knuckle bearing (13) is about 30 degrees.
3. A girder deflection measuring method using the girder deflection measuring device of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Height of height measurement: the laser reticle instrument emits laser to be matched with the large plate girder deflection measuring device for leveling measurement, so that the relative height of each measuring point of the large plate girder can be measured;
(a) Taking the device to a large plate girder to be measured, and fixedly mounting the device on the large plate girder through a magnetic base (1);
(b) The method comprises the steps of installing a detachable upright post (2), a detachable cross post (4), an upright post fixing clamp (5), a quick screwing handle (6), a standard steel ruler (7), a marking color ring (8), a stainless steel shaft (9), a standard plumb bob (10), a straight ruler placing table (12), a joint bearing (13) and a rectangular sliding rod (16) at corresponding parts of a device, and completing the assembly of the device;
(c) The detachable upright post (2) and the detachable cross post (4) are fixed through an upright post fixing clamp (5), the angle is kept at a 90-degree included angle, and the out-of-plane distance of the detachable upright post (2) can be adjusted by adjusting the upright post fixing clamp (5) through a quick screwing handle (6);
(d) The ruler placing table (12) is horizontally arranged with the ground level through the connection of the stainless steel shaft (9) and the knuckle bearing (13) and the dead weight of the standard plumb bob (10);
(e) The marking color ring (8) is connected with a sliding block of the miniature linear guide rail (11), and the sliding block freely slides downwards by means of gravity, and finally is lapped on the upper surface of the large plate;
(f) A proper position is selected to erect a laser marking instrument, the level of the laser marking instrument is adjusted, a horizontal laser line is emitted, the staff of the girder deflection measuring device can be hit by the horizontal laser line on each measuring point, and at the moment, the positions of a marking color ring (8) and the horizontal laser line on a standard steel rule (7) can be observed through a pair of glasses, so that the measurement of the relative height of each measuring point of the girder is realized;
(2) Length measurement: the deflection can be measured by the instrument through the existing laser range finder, and the length measurement can be carried out through the laser emitted by the laser range finder and the cooperation of the deflection measuring device of the girder, so that the length of the girder can be measured;
(3) Recording through a telescope;
(4) Calculating deflection: and the deflection is unqualified when the deflection exceeds 1/850, and is qualified when the deflection is less than 1/850.
4. A method of measuring a deflection of a girder deflection measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (d), the length ratio of the upper section to the lower section of the stainless steel shaft (9) is 1:3, total length 40mm.
5. The method for measuring the deflection of the girder deflection measuring device according to claim 4, wherein: when measuring the deflection of the girder, five or more measurement points are set up and are respectively positioned at the starting point, the middle point and the end point of the deflection of the girder, and the girder is measured for a plurality of times to ensure the qualification.
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CN112067461B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2024-09-10 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Composite material bending test device |
CN112504157B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-05-24 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Portable assembled type deformation deflection measuring device for thin plate structure |
CN115824539A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-03-21 | 滨州市特种设备检验研究院 | Large plate girder deflection measuring system |
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