CN101464146B - Measuring method and apparatus for accurately transmitting ground bench level to overhead viaduct - Google Patents
Measuring method and apparatus for accurately transmitting ground bench level to overhead viaduct Download PDFInfo
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- CN101464146B CN101464146B CN2009103002991A CN200910300299A CN101464146B CN 101464146 B CN101464146 B CN 101464146B CN 2009103002991 A CN2009103002991 A CN 2009103002991A CN 200910300299 A CN200910300299 A CN 200910300299A CN 101464146 B CN101464146 B CN 101464146B
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- ball type
- measuring prism
- type measuring
- total powerstation
- flat board
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Abstract
The invention provides a measurement method for accurately transmitting the ground bench level onto a high-level bridge. The measurement method comprises the following steps: 1) projecting the centers of the effective aperture or the space of drain holes or beam crevices to the ground, pre-burying a measuring nail thereon, and gravitationally measuring the level thereof from the bench of a known level through a level gauge; 2) mounting a diagonal eyepiece on the eyepiece of a total station instrument, and rotating the total station telescope to the vertical direction; 3) placing a flat plate on the drain holes or the beam crevices, and placing a measuring prism on the circular hole of the flat plate; 4) ranging the center of the measuring prism, and acquiring the average value of qualified observed values for a plurality of times; 5) observing the difference in height from the vertex of the measuring prism to the CPIII point at the top end of a bump wall; and 6) processing data to acquire the level HCPIII of the CPIII point at the top end of the bump wall. The invention has the advantages that the difficult problem in directly transmitting the bench level to the viaduct can be solved; the accuracy is high; the requirement for observation conditions is low; and the operation is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement and positioning method of leveling point on the overpass, particularly relate to a kind of the measuring method and the device thereof of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass.
Background technology
China has adopted a large amount of bridge structures in the building of high-speed railway, the bridge that has reaches tens of kilometers, be the high-precision requirement that guarantees that high-speed railway is built,, also claim the CPIII net all needing to set up accurate construction control network on these grand bridges, in the tunnel, on the roadbed.The CPIII net is formed at a distance of about a pair of CPIII point of 60m by being distributed in the circuit both sides, each CPIII point all need be measured accurate planimetric coordinates and elevation, yet the leveling point of known elevation all is provided with on the ground, how with the bench level accurate transfer on ground to the CPIII point that is positioned on the crashproof wall of overpass, all be puzzlement high ferro builder's a great problem all the time.Because the discrepancy in elevation is too big, the spirit-leveling instrument that is used for measuring elevation at ordinary times can't use, survey crew can only be by total powerstation, on the leveling point under the bridge, set up total powerstation and measure the height of total powerstation center to leveling point, on the measured point on the bridge, utilize wooden foot rest or centering bridge to set up prism and measure the height of prism center to the measured point, measure instrument to the distance of prism and with the angle of surface level, utilize the trigonometric function relation to calculate the height value of measured point.This traditional method is called as " trigonometric levelling " method, and this method needs the people for measuring the high and prism height of instrument, and in the distance that need be confined to lack, testing inconvenience and precision are relatively poor.Another kind method is to set up steel pipe frame on overpass, the steel ruler of portraying through the band millimeter of identifying is hung weight be suspended from ground, treat to set up the optical level observation steel ruler of band mircrometer gauge and obtain difference of elevation on ground and bridge floor respectively after the transfixion, this method observation condition harshness, though also can deal with problems, can't satisfy quick, easy requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of with the measuring method of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, and this method is simple and convenient and precision is high.
The present invention also will provide a kind of device of realizing above-mentioned measuring method.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is adopted is: with the measuring method of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, this method may further comprise the steps:
1) effective aperture of osculum or the center of beam kerf spacing are projected on the ground, survey nail at this pre-buried one piece, this point is P, the center that makes the center of effective aperture of the center of surveying nail and osculum or beam kerf spacing is on a pedal line, use spirit-leveling instrument to draw the elevation of surveying P, count HP from the leveling point of known elevation;
2) use tripod on the P point, to set up total powerstation, on the total powerstation eyepiece, set up diagonal eyepiece, the total powerstation telescope is turned to vertical;
3) flat board is placed on osculum or beam is sewed on, the through hole of described flat board is positioned at described osculum or beam seam central authorities, on the through hole of described flat board, put ball type measuring prism, described ball type measuring prism reflecting surface down, described ball type measuring prism center is overlapped with the center of reticule of described total powerstation, described through hole radius is less than the radius of described ball type measuring prism, and described through hole radius is greater than the radius of described ball type measuring prism reflecting surface;
4) in described total powerstation the input at that time meteorologic parameter and the addition constant of ball type measuring prism, found range in the center of ball type measuring prism, get repeatedly the mean value of qualified observed reading, count d;
5) discrepancy in elevation that crashproof wall top end CPIII is ordered is arrived on observation ball type measuring prism summit, counts h;
6) data processing can draw elevation HCPIII=HP+A+ (d+a+d*b)+r+h that crashproof wall top end CPIII is ordered.
With the device of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, comprise total powerstation, tripod and measuring prism, also comprise the flat board of being with through hole and survey nail, described measuring prism is a ball type measuring prism, described ball type measuring prism is installed on the through hole of described flat board, nail on by described tripod in described survey and to set up described total powerstation, the elevation of described survey nail is started at a little, the total powerstation collimation axis, the ball type measuring prism center is on the same pedal line, described through hole radius is less than the radius of described ball type measuring prism, and described through hole radius is greater than the radius of described ball type measuring prism reflecting surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can solve the difficult problem that the level elevation is directly gone up bridge easily, and the degree of accuracy height, loose to the observation condition requirement, operation easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the front view of flat board of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the front view of survey nail of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, case beam 1 between two bridge piers 2 on the overpass has all been reserved a plurality of osculums 3, according to the seam of the beam between osculum aperture or two the case beams 1 processing one Zhang Ping's plate 4, dull and stereotyped central authorities open a through hole and are used to place ball type measuring prism 5, the through hole radius is less than the radius of ball type measuring prism, and the through hole radius is greater than the radius of ball type measuring prism reflecting surface.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, above-mentioned dull and stereotyped 4 preferably adopt the metal circular flat board, and it is provided with the 9 equal angles settings of 9, three touchdown points of three touchdown points, and three touchdown points 9 can be determined a unique plane.It is 2008103046073 ball type measuring prism that above-mentioned ball type measuring prism 5 can adopt application number.
On the ground under overpass osculum or the beam seam, survey nail 6 for pre-buried one piece, as shown in Figure 4, survey the height value of nail 6 and utilize instruments such as spirit-leveling instrument, levelling pole and levelling pole adapter from the leveling point of the known elevation in ground, to introduce accurately, on survey nail 6, utilize accurate centering tripod 7 to set up total powerstation 8.It is that to allow this start at point height reliable and stable that 6 purposes are followed closely in pre-buried survey, also conveniently sets up total powerstation 8, and it is 200720079847.9 accurate centering tripod that accurate centering tripod 7 can adopt the patent No..
Take off the handle of total powerstation 8 during measurement, the place installs diagonal eyepiece at the telescopical eyepiece of total powerstation, the total powerstation telescope is turned to vertical, the ball type measuring prism reflecting surface is placed in the through hole in the metal plate down, three touchdown points 9 of metal plate are placed on the osculum place down, move dull and stereotypedly 4 according to the image in the total powerstation diagonal eyepiece, the center of ball type measuring prism 5 is moved on the vertical of total powerstation 8.The elevation of surveying nail 6 this moment is started at point, total powerstation collimation axis, ball type measuring prism center and all is on the same pedal line, utilizes instruments such as spirit-leveling instrument and levelling pole that the elevation at ball type measuring prism center is delivered on the crashproof wall top end CPIII point then.
Concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:
1) selects an osculum or beam seam in the place that elevation need be delivered on the bridge, can see on the ground by this osculum or beam seam.
2) the laser counter point device that uses plumb bob or total powerstation projects osculum or the effective aperture of beam seam or the center of spacing on the ground, build an easy cement observation pier herein, on the observation pier, survey nail for pre-buried one piece, make center that the center or the beam of the center of surveying nail and the effective aperture of osculum stitch substantially on a pedal line, deviation control is in 2cm.Suppose that this point is P, use spirit-leveling instrument to draw the elevation of surveying P from the leveling point of known elevation nearby, count HP.
3) use the accurate centering tripod of level altitude on the P point, to set up total powerstation.Set up diagonal eyepiece on the total powerstation eyepiece, with the zenith distance reading set to zero of total powerstation, be about to the total powerstation telescope and turn to vertical, at this moment the collimation axis of total powerstation points to zenith direction.
4) operator on the bridge is placed on osculum with metal plate or beam is sewed on, and the circular hole of metal plate is positioned at osculum or beam seam central authorities, puts ball type measuring prism on the circular hole of metal plate, and the ball type measuring prism reflecting surface down.Operator on the bridge accepts the commander's moving metal flat board of Instrument observation person under the bridge, and ball-type prism center is overlapped with the center of reticule of total powerstation.After metal plate puts in place, check whether metal plate is firm, and tilting can not be arranged.
5) under the bridge Instrument observation person in total powerstation, import at that time meteorologic parameter and the addition constant of ball type measuring prism, found range in ball type measuring prism center on the bridge, and repeatedly observe, the mutual deviation of each time observed reading can not surpass 0.2mm, last observed result is got repeatedly the mean value of qualified observed reading, counts d.
6) operator uses the discrepancy in elevation that on the spirit-leveling instrument observation metal plate order to crashproof wall top end CPIII in the ball type measuring prism summit on the bridge, counts h.
7) data processing can draw elevation HCPIII=HP+A+ (d+a+d*b)+r+h that crashproof wall top end CPIII is ordered
In the formula: A: instrument height (comprising accurate centering tripod and total powerstation) provides when dispatching from the factory;
R: the radius of ball type measuring prism;
A: the addition constant in the total powerstation probation report;
B: the multiplying constant in the total powerstation probation report.
Claims (7)
1. with the measuring method of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) effective aperture of osculum or the center of beam kerf spacing are projected on the ground, survey nail at this pre-buried one piece, this point is P, the center that makes the center of effective aperture of the center of surveying nail and osculum or beam kerf spacing is on a pedal line, use spirit-leveling instrument to draw the elevation of surveying P, count HP from the leveling point of known elevation;
2) use tripod on the P point, to set up total powerstation, on the total powerstation eyepiece, set up diagonal eyepiece, the total powerstation telescope is turned to vertical;
3) flat board is placed on osculum or beam is sewed on, the through hole of described flat board is positioned at described osculum or beam seam central authorities, on the through hole of described flat board, put ball type measuring prism, described ball type measuring prism reflecting surface down, described ball type measuring prism center is overlapped with the center of reticule of described total powerstation, described through hole radius is less than the radius of described ball type measuring prism, and described through hole radius is greater than the radius of described ball type measuring prism reflecting surface;
4) in described total powerstation the input at that time meteorologic parameter and the addition constant of ball type measuring prism, found range in the center of ball type measuring prism, get repeatedly the mean value of qualified observed reading, count d;
5) discrepancy in elevation that crashproof wall top end CPIII is ordered is arrived on observation ball type measuring prism summit, counts h;
6) data processing can draw elevation HCPIII=HP+A+ (d+a+d*b)+r+h that crashproof wall top end CPIII is ordered
In the formula: A: the instrument height;
R: the radius of ball type measuring prism;
A: the addition constant in the total powerstation probation report;
B: the multiplying constant in the total powerstation probation report.
2. as claimed in claim 1 with the measuring method of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, it is characterized in that described flat board is the metal circular flat board.
3. as claimed in claim 1 with the measuring method of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, it is characterized in that described tripod is accurate centering tripod.
4. with the device of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, comprise total powerstation, tripod and measuring prism, it is characterized in that, also comprise the flat board of being with through hole and survey nail, described measuring prism is a ball type measuring prism, described ball type measuring prism is installed on the through hole of described flat board, nail on by described tripod in described survey and to set up described total powerstation, the elevation of described survey nail is started at a little, the total powerstation collimation axis, the ball type measuring prism center is on the same pedal line, described through hole radius is less than the radius of described ball type measuring prism, and described through hole radius is greater than the radius of described ball type measuring prism reflecting surface.
5. as claimed in claim 4 with the device of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, it is characterized in that described tripod is accurate centering tripod.
6. as claimed in claim 4 with the device of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass, it is characterized in that described flat board is the metal circular flat board.
7. as claimed in claim 4 the device of ground bench level accurate transfer to the overpass be is characterized in that described flat board is provided with three touchdown points, three touchdown points are determined a unique plane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009103002991A CN101464146B (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Measuring method and apparatus for accurately transmitting ground bench level to overhead viaduct |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009103002991A CN101464146B (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Measuring method and apparatus for accurately transmitting ground bench level to overhead viaduct |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101464146A CN101464146A (en) | 2009-06-24 |
| CN101464146B true CN101464146B (en) | 2011-01-19 |
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| CN2009103002991A Expired - Fee Related CN101464146B (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Measuring method and apparatus for accurately transmitting ground bench level to overhead viaduct |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102581547B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-08-27 | 中国核工业二三建设有限公司 | Method for mounting track beam in nuclear island of nuclear power station |
| CN108195362A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-22 | 中铁大桥局集团第五工程有限公司 | A kind of receiving platform and height transfer method transmitted for the vertical elevation of total powerstation |
| CN110440751A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-12 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of deep basal pit elevation transmission equipment and its application method |
| CN111780719B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-04-29 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Rapid transmission measurement method for bridge tower pier zenith elevation |
| CN111879281B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-02-26 | 成都经纬时空科技有限公司 | Long-range corner precise distance measuring device and measuring method |
| CN113432581A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 天津市勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for carrying out high-precision vault settlement observation by using precision leveling point |
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