CN110617083A - Real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for tunnel lining concrete compactness - Google Patents
Real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for tunnel lining concrete compactness Download PDFInfo
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- CN110617083A CN110617083A CN201910967152.1A CN201910967152A CN110617083A CN 110617083 A CN110617083 A CN 110617083A CN 201910967152 A CN201910967152 A CN 201910967152A CN 110617083 A CN110617083 A CN 110617083A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of constructional engineering, and discloses a real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete, which is used for checking and rechecking a lining section; measuring and checking the clearance of the initial section of the tunnel, processing the invasion part and retesting; cleaning the bottom by adopting a back-hoe excavator, and processing a base surface; performing tunnel water drainage prevention construction treatment, and installing the manufactured micro-actuator; performing inverted arch and inverted arch filling construction; and (3) casting secondary lining concrete in the tunnel, when the casting process is close to the vault, switching on a monitoring sensor circuit, when the concrete compactness meets the requirement, switching on a circuit system, sounding an audible and visual alarm, casting the section on the surface to meet the requirement, and when the concrete compactness does not meet the requirement, adopting a tape-mold grouting process to fill in time. The vault concrete pouring quality is monitored in real time, and the vault concrete pouring compactness is improved; the construction quality of the secondary lining can be enhanced, and the secondary lining and primary support are prevented from being separated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete.
Background
Currently, the closest prior art: the tunnel engineering occupies a great proportion in the engineering construction of China. Tunnel lining refers to a permanent supporting structure built with materials such as reinforced concrete along the periphery of a tunnel body in order to prevent surrounding rocks from deforming or collapsing.
In the prior art, under the condition that a tunnel is already subjected to primary support, an inner lining, namely a secondary lining, which is generally built by using materials such as concrete and the like, is used for achieving the functions of reinforcing and supporting and the like. Meanwhile, in the tunnel constructed by the 'new Austrian method', the secondary lining is used as a component of the structure stress to bear the surrounding rock pressure; and the tunnel secondary lining is generally constructed by using mold-injected concrete. However, in the existing tunnel construction process, the phenomenon of top void of the secondary tunnel lining occurs, and the main reasons are the construction process, concrete shrinkage, surrounding rock pressure and the like. The tunnel void is caused by improper construction process and larger void degree and range than other influence factors. When the secondary lining vault is emptied, all the vaulting parts are positive bending moments, namely the upper edges of the vaulting parts are pulled, and the upper edges of the vaulting parts are not provided with stressed reinforcing steel bars according to the conventional reinforcement arrangement, so that the upper edges of the vaulting parts are pulled to crack, water leakage and steel bars corrosion are caused, and further, secondary lining concrete is damaged. On the other hand, after the secondary lining vault is emptied, the surrounding rock loses the necessary protection and support, so that the surrounding rock is likely to loose and deform, and further the surrounding rock is unstable and falls off and damaged. Thus, the phenomenon of secondary lining roof voiding is a common quality problem that must be prevented and managed.
At present, the treatment measures of secondary lining top void are two types of spraying reinforcement and reworking lining. Grouting reinforcement and rework belong to post-processing modes, and can cause the problems of concrete integrity reduction, poor local quality, repair cost increase and the like.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: the existing secondary lining construction quality is poor, the phenomenon of top void is easy to occur, the concrete integrity is reduced, the local quality is poor, and the repair cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete.
The invention is realized in such a way that a tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method comprises the following steps:
step one, checking a lining section; measuring and checking the clearance of the initial section of the tunnel, processing the invasion part and retesting;
step two, adopting a back-hoe excavator to clean the bottom and processing the base surface;
step three, performing tunnel water drainage prevention construction treatment, and installing a micro-actuator;
step four, performing inverted arch and inverted arch filling construction; pouring secondary lining concrete in the tunnel, and switching on a monitoring sensor circuit when the pouring process is close to the vault; when the concrete compactness meets the requirement, a circuit system is connected, an audible and visual alarm sounds, the pouring of the section on the surface meets the requirement, and when the concrete compactness does not meet the requirement, a tape-mold grouting process is adopted to fill in time.
Further, the processing of the base surface in the second step specifically includes:
(1) grouting and water plugging are carried out on the concentrated water leakage part of the primary support base surface, a waterproof mortar rigid waterproof layer or a plugging agent is applied on the water leakage part, and no water dripping, water leakage, water dripping, linear flow or mud and sand outflow is achieved;
(2) cutting off and hammering the steel bar head, the iron wire, the anchor pipe, the calandria and the anchor rod exposed from the base surface from the vault to two sides, and smoothly wiping the steel bar head, the iron wire, the anchor pipe, the calandria and the anchor rod by mortar to remove sharp objects;
(3) chiseling unevenness of a base surface and smoothing the unevenness by using mortar, wherein the unevenness is at most 3mm, the vector chord ratio of the unevenness of an arch part is not more than 1/8, and the vector chord ratio of other parts is not more than 1/6; and (3) plastering the base surface at the internal and external corners and the edge corners into circular arcs by mortar, wherein the radius of the circular arcs is 100 mm.
Further, the tunnel water-proof and drainage construction treatment in the third step specifically comprises: firstly, laying geotextile, and hanging a waterproof board by adopting a self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley; positioning a self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley, and supporting and moving the waterproof board through a hoisting bracket system on the trolley; the waterproof plate is pressed tightly by adopting a telescopic hydraulic working rod and a pressing device, and the full-circle rotation is realized by utilizing a running chute track; and the waterproof plate and the hot-melt gasket are fixed by electromagnetic welding.
Further, the construction method for filling the inverted arch and the inverted arch in the fourth step comprises the following steps: the inverted arch construction adopts a movable inverted arch trestle with 12m trestle, 5I-shaped steel I30 are adopted for processing, the width is 1.0m, the upper surface of I30I-shaped steel I is firmly connected and welded by phi 22 steel bars, the distance is 25cm, and the bottom surface is welded by [10 steel channels;
the inverted arch and inverted arch filling concrete are poured in a framing and subsection mode, the secondary lining is advanced by 20-30 m, the inverted arch and the inverted arch cannot be simultaneously poured in a filling mode, one-step pouring forming is conducted according to the design thickness, and the length of a pouring section is not more than 8 m; reserving temporary ditches at two sides during filling and pouring of the inverted arch;
IV, the V-level surrounding rock comprises the pouring of inverted arch concrete and the pouring of an inverted arch filling layer; the III-grade surrounding rock comprises pouring of bottom-laying concrete;
the inverted arch is constructed by adopting a movable trestle, filling of the inverted arch is not poured simultaneously with the inverted arch, the arch wall lining is constructed by adopting a hydraulic steel mould lining trolley, and finally, a ditch cable trough is constructed.
Further, the fourth step of the tape-mold grouting process comprises the following steps: vault grouting slurry adopts high-cement slurry with higher calculus rate, a grouting pipe and an exhaust pipe both adopt phi 32PVC pipes, a pipe body is provided with quincunx grout overflow holes, the aperture is 3mm, the longitudinal distance is 20cm, the grouting pipe adopts black, and the exhaust pipe adopts white; the fixing strip adopts a 40cm multiplied by 10cm rectangular waterproof board;
fixing the grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe on the vault waterproof board through hot melting by using a fixing strip, wherein the distance between the two pipes is 3-5 cm, and the distance between the fixing strips is less than or equal to 50 cm; the PVC pipes are lengthened and connected by adopting direct joints, the total length is equal to the length of the lining section plus 20cm, and the exposed end is connected with a pipeline device.
Further, the tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method further comprises the following steps:
a 3cm × 3cm waterproof plate is additionally arranged on the transmission rod of the micro-sensor; a waterproof plate which is 3cm multiplied by 10cm and used for welding and fixing the sensor and the vault waterproof plate is additionally arranged at the bottom;
a signal lamp, a network cable interface and a power switch are additionally arranged on the three-stage distribution box to integrally manufacture a signal box;
the manufactured micro-sensor switches are arranged on the inner side of a waterproof board of the vault, the length of a second liner of each board is 12m, and 4 groups of sensing monitoring points are sequentially laid at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the vault; the 4 groups of sensing monitoring points are connected through the network cable, and the network cable is led to the signal box and connected with the alarm device to form an early warning system.
Further, the alarm method of the tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring alarm construction method comprises the following steps: when steel bars are bound, a trolley is in place and lining concrete is poured, the concrete surface is jacked up to trigger a micro pressure switch along with the rising of the two lining concrete pouring surfaces in the vault pouring process, and the signal lamps of the sensing monitoring points sequentially light up to give an alarm to judge whether the concrete pouring nearby the monitoring points is full; if the blood is full, the alarm device automatically alarms.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a real-time intelligent monitoring and warning system for monitoring and warning the compactness of tunnel lining concrete, which performs the real-time intelligent monitoring and warning construction method for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete, the real-time intelligent monitoring and warning system for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete comprising:
a micro-motion monitoring module: is connected with the transmission module; the system is used for sensing and monitoring by utilizing a microswitch and a micro sensor;
a transmission module: is connected with the micro-motion monitoring module and the alarm module; the system is used for connecting the micro-motion monitoring module and the alarm module by using a network cable;
an alarm module: and the transmission module is connected with the alarm device and is used for alarming by utilizing the alarm device.
The invention also aims to provide an information data processing terminal carrying the tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction system.
The invention also aims to provide a construction control system for the building engineering, which carries the tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction system.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are: according to the method, a concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction method is adopted, and in the construction process, the vault concrete pouring quality is monitored in real time by improving the construction process, so that the compactness of vault concrete pouring is improved; the construction quality of the secondary lining can be enhanced, the secondary lining and primary support are prevented from being separated, and the construction quality of the secondary lining of the tunnel is reliable through radar scanning detection. The invention provides reference for solving similar engineering construction and has good popularization and application values.
The construction process of the invention is monitored and timely treated, so that the post-treatment process is avoided, and the cost is reduced: by adopting the concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction technology, the problems that the integrity of concrete is reduced, the local quality is poor, the repair cost is increased and the like can be caused because the grouting reinforcement and the rework are both in a post-processing mode are avoided.
The invention strengthens the control of the construction process, ensures the engineering quality and eliminates the potential safety quality hazard: by adopting the concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction technology, the vault concrete pouring quality is monitored in real time by improving the construction process in the construction process, the vault concrete pouring compactness is improved, and the tunnel secondary lining construction quality is reliable.
The construction process of the invention is monitored and timely treated, so that the post-treatment process is avoided, the delay of the construction period is avoided, the engineering quality is improved, and the enterprise management capability and the enterprise image are improved: the quality problem treatment in the engineering not only relates to the treatment cost, but also often delays the construction period, and the operation cannot be carried out according to contract agreement when the treatment range is large, thereby seriously damaging the social image of an enterprise. By adopting the concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction technology, the construction quality is further enhanced, and the construction period is prevented from being delayed.
The method is suitable for monitoring the casting compactness of the concrete under the conditions of the secondary lining casting vault void monitoring and other conditions of various engineering tunnels. The invention adopts the micro switch sensor, the network cable, the three-stage distribution box and the like to form an early warning system, realizes real-time dynamic monitoring of the arch top concrete pouring, and timely processes the existing cavities in the pouring process, thereby effectively improving the construction quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring alarm construction method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an implementation of a tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring alarm construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley pressing device provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lining concrete construction sequence arrangement provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel vault grouting remedial measure pipeline arrangement provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming system for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a micro-motion monitoring module; 2. a transmission module; 3. and an alarm module.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a micro-motion sensor installation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of a signal box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a field-mounted inductive component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete, which is described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring alarm construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention includes:
s101, checking and rechecking the lining section; and measuring and checking the clearance of the initial section of the tunnel, processing the invasion part and retesting.
And S102, cleaning the bottom by using a back-hoe excavator, and processing the base surface.
And S103, performing tunnel water-proofing and drainage construction treatment, and installing the manufactured micro-actuator.
S104, performing inverted arch and inverted arch filling construction; and (3) casting secondary lining concrete in the tunnel, when the casting process is close to the vault, switching on a monitoring sensor circuit, when the concrete compactness meets the requirement, switching on a circuit system, sounding an audible and visual alarm, casting the section on the surface to meet the requirement, and when the concrete compactness does not meet the requirement, adopting a tape-mold grouting process to fill in time.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S102, the processing of the base surface provided in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
(1) the primary support base surface concentrates the water leakage position to carry out grouting water shutoff, the water leakage position is applied as a waterproof mortar rigid waterproof layer or a leakage shutoff agent, no water dripping, water leakage, water dripping, linear flow or mud and sand outflow is achieved, and the base surface is ensured to be dry and clean.
(2) And (3) cutting off sharp objects such as reinforcing steel bar heads, iron wires, anchor pipes, calandria, anchor rods and the like exposed from the base surface from the arch top to two sides, hammering the sharp objects flat, and smoothly plastering the sharp objects by using mortar to remove the sharp objects.
(3) And (3) chiseling unevenness of a base surface and smoothing the unevenness by using mortar, wherein the unevenness is at most 3mm, the vector chord ratio of the unevenness of the arch part is not more than 1/8, and the vector chord ratio of other parts is not more than 1/6. The base surface concave and convex corners and the edge corners are plastered into circular arcs by mortar, and the radius of the circular arcs is 100 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, in step S103, the tunnel waterproof and drainage construction treatment provided by the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
firstly, laying geotextile, and hanging a waterproof board by adopting a self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley; the self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley is positioned, the waterproof board is supported and moved through a hoisting bracket system on the trolley, the waterproof board is compressed by a telescopic hydraulic working rod and a pressing device, full-ring rotation is realized by utilizing a walking chute rail, and the waterproof board and a hot-melting gasket are fixed in an electromagnetic welding mode.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, in step S104, the inverted arch and inverted arch filling construction method provided in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
the movable inverted arch trestle is adopted for inverted arch construction, the trestle is 12m, 5I 30I-steel are adopted for processing, the width is 1.0m, the upper surface of I30I-steel is firmly connected and welded by phi 22 steel bars at an interval of 25cm, and the bottom surface is welded by [10 steel channels, so that the integrity of the trestle is ensured.
The inverted arch and inverted arch filling concrete are poured in a framing and subsection mode, the secondary lining is advanced by 20-30 m, the inverted arch and the inverted arch cannot be simultaneously poured in a filling mode, one-step pouring forming is conducted according to the designed thickness, and the length of a poured section is generally not larger than 8 m; and reserving temporary ditches at two sides during filling and pouring of the inverted arch.
IV, the V-level surrounding rock comprises the pouring of inverted arch concrete and the pouring of an inverted arch filling layer; the class III surrounding rock comprises pouring of bottom-laying concrete.
The inverted arch is constructed by adopting a movable trestle, but the filling of the inverted arch is not simultaneously poured with the inverted arch, the lining of the arch wall is constructed by adopting a hydraulic steel mould lining trolley, finally, a ditch cable duct is constructed, and backfill grouting is adopted in necessary sections.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, in step S104, the tape casting process provided by the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
vault grouting slurry adopts high-cement slurry with higher calculus rate, a grouting pipe and an exhaust pipe both adopt phi 32PVC pipes, a pipe body is provided with quincunx grout overflow holes, the aperture is 3mm, the longitudinal distance is 20cm, the grouting pipe adopts black, and the exhaust pipe adopts white so as to distinguish the grouting pipe from the exhaust pipe; the fixing strip adopts a 40cm multiplied by 10cm rectangular waterproof board.
And (3) fixing the grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe on the vault waterproof board by using a fixing strip (40cm multiplied by 10cm rectangular waterproof board) in a hot melting manner, wherein the distance between the two pipes is 3-5 cm, and the distance between the fixing strips is less than or equal to 50 cm. The PVC pipes are lengthened and connected by adopting direct joints, the total length is equal to the length of the lining section plus 20cm (exposed), and the exposed end heads are connected with a pipeline device.
As shown in fig. 6, the real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming system for tunnel lining concrete compactness provided by the embodiment of the invention includes:
the micromotion monitoring module 1: is connected with the transmission module 2; the system is used for sensing and monitoring by utilizing a microswitch and a micro sensor;
and the transmission module 2: is connected with the micro-motion monitoring module 1 and the alarm module 3; the system is used for connecting the micro-motion monitoring module and the alarm module by using a network cable;
and the alarm module 3: and the transmission module 2 is connected with the alarm device for alarming.
The manufacturing and installing method of the alarm system provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in 7-8, the manufacturing method of the alarm system comprises the steps of manufacturing a micro-sensor and a signal box;
the manufacturing method of the micro-motion sensor comprises the following steps: a 3cm × 3cm waterproof plate is additionally arranged on the transmission rod of the micro-sensor; a waterproof plate which is 3cm multiplied by 10cm and used for welding and fixing the sensor and the vault waterproof plate is additionally arranged at the bottom;
the manufacturing of the signal box specifically comprises the following steps: a signal lamp, a network cable interface and a power switch are additionally arranged on the three-stage distribution box to integrally manufacture a signal box;
the installation method of the alarm system comprises the following steps:
the manufactured micro-sensor switch is arranged on the inner side of a waterproof board of the vault, the length of a second liner of each board is 12m, and 4 groups of sensing monitoring points (which are staggered from the position of a pumping hole by 1.0m) are sequentially laid at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the vault; the 4 groups of sensing monitoring points are connected through the network cable, and the network cable is led to the signal box and connected with the alarm device to form an early warning system.
The alarm method of the alarm system provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
when steel bars are bound, the trolley is in place and the lining concrete is poured, the vault is lifted along with the two lining concrete pouring surfaces in the vault pouring process, the concrete surfaces are lifted to trigger a micro pressure switch, the sensing monitoring point signal lamps sequentially light up to give an alarm, whether the concrete pouring nearby the monitoring point is full or not is judged, and if the concrete pouring nearby the monitoring point is full, the alarm device automatically gives an alarm.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1:
1. background of the invention
Tunnel lining refers to a permanent supporting structure built with materials such as reinforced concrete along the periphery of a tunnel body in order to prevent surrounding rocks from deforming or collapsing. In contrast, secondary lining and primary support refer to inner lining constructed by concrete and other materials under the condition that the tunnel is subjected to primary support so as to achieve the effects of reinforcing and supporting and the like.
In the tunnel constructed by the 'new Austrian method', the secondary lining is used as a component of the stress of the structure to bear the pressure of surrounding rocks. The secondary lining of the tunnel is generally constructed by using cast concrete. The main reasons for the phenomenon of the secondary lining top void of the tunnel are construction process, concrete shrinkage, surrounding rock pressure and the like. The tunnel void is caused by improper construction process and larger void degree and range than other influence factors.
And (5) calculating the internal force of the top of the secondary lining in a dense-time manner.
When the secondary lining vault is emptied, all the vaulting parts are positive bending moments, namely the upper edges of the vaulting parts are pulled, and the upper edges of the vaulting parts are not provided with stressed reinforcing steel bars according to the conventional reinforcement arrangement, so that the upper edges of the vaulting parts are pulled to crack, water leakage and steel bars corrosion are caused, and further, secondary lining concrete is damaged. On the other hand, after the secondary lining vault is emptied, the surrounding rock loses the necessary protection and support, so that the surrounding rock is likely to loose and deform, and further the surrounding rock is unstable and falls off and damaged. Thus, the phenomenon of secondary lining roof voiding is a common quality problem that must be prevented and managed.
At present, the treatment measures of secondary lining top void are two types of spraying reinforcement and reworking lining. Grouting reinforcement and rework belong to post-processing modes, and can cause the problems of concrete integrity reduction, poor local quality, repair cost increase and the like.
The segment engineering 1 of the Longjidao and Jinfo north road in Chongqing is located in the Nanchuan area in Chongqing, and the bridge engineering, the tunnel engineering, the road foundation earth and stone engineering and the like of the K0+726-K1+460 segment of the Longjidao and the K0+826.58-K0+906.285 segment of the Jinfo north road in the Benke, wherein the Longjidao K0+950 tunnel. The Chongqing Nanga high-speed LJ1 construction segment projects from the Shuijianzhen double estuary (K0+000) in Nanchuan district, and ends in the Gangqian Zhenjian (K3+137) in Wulong county, and the total length is 3.137 km. Calculating the speed per hour of 80 km/h; the integral roadbed has the width of 24.50 meters, the width of a traffic lane is 2 multiplied by 3.75 meters, a hard road shoulder is 2 multiplied by 2.5 meters, an earth road shoulder is 2 multiplied by 0.75 meters, and a middle zone is 3 meters. This project contains a tunnel (rock mouth tunnel), and the pile number ends: k2+ 460-K2 +738.97, clear width of limit: 10.25m, lane width: 2 × 3.75m, limit height: 5 m.
In order to enhance the construction quality of the secondary lining and prevent the secondary lining from being separated from the primary support, the invention adopts a concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction method, and in the construction process, the vault concrete pouring quality is monitored in real time by improving the construction process, so that the vault concrete pouring compactness is improved. And the secondary lining construction quality of the tunnel is reliable through radar scanning detection. The method provided by the invention provides reference for solving similar engineering construction, and has good popularization and application values.
2. Characteristics of the method
2.1 the work progress is implemented and is monitored and in time takes the treatment, avoids the post processing process, reduce cost: by adopting the concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction technology, the problems that the integrity of concrete is reduced, the local quality is poor, the repair cost is increased and the like can be caused because the grouting reinforcement and the rework are both in a post-processing mode are avoided.
2.2 strengthen the work progress control, ensure the engineering quality, eliminate the potential safety quality hazard: by adopting the concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction technology, the vault concrete pouring quality is monitored in real time by improving the construction process in the construction process, the vault concrete pouring compactness is improved, and the tunnel secondary lining construction quality is reliable.
2.3 the work progress is implemented and is monitored and in time take the treatment, avoids the post processing process, avoids handling the time limit for a project of delaying, improves enterprise manageability and enterprise image when improving engineering quality: the quality problem treatment in the engineering not only relates to the treatment cost, but also often delays the construction period, and the operation cannot be carried out according to contract agreement when the treatment range is large, thereby seriously damaging the social image of an enterprise. By adopting the concrete pouring compactness real-time monitoring and alarming intelligent construction technology, the construction quality is further enhanced, and the construction period is prevented from being delayed.
3. Application scope
The method is suitable for monitoring the casting compactness of the concrete under the conditions of the secondary lining casting vault void monitoring and other conditions of various engineering tunnels.
4. Principle of the process
The early warning system is formed by the micro switch sensor, the network cable, the three-level distribution box and the like, the real-time dynamic monitoring of the arch top concrete pouring is realized, the existing cavities are processed in time in the pouring process, and the construction quality is effectively improved.
The microswitch is a quick switch actuated by pressure, and is also called a sensitive switch. The working principle is that external mechanical force acts on an action reed through a transmission element (a press pin, a button, a lever, a roller and the like), and after energy is accumulated to a critical point, instantaneous action is generated, so that a movable contact at the tail end of the action reed is quickly connected with or disconnected from a fixed contact. The microswitch is a quick switch actuated by pressure, and is also called a sensitive switch. The working principle is that external mechanical force acts on an action reed through a transmission element (a press pin, a button, a lever, a roller and the like), and after energy is accumulated to a critical point, instantaneous action is generated, so that a movable contact at the tail end of the action reed is quickly connected with or disconnected from a fixed contact.
A 3cm multiplied by 3cm waterproof board is additionally arranged on the transmission rod of the micro-sensor so as to enlarge the sensing range of the sensor and increase the sensitivity; and a 3cm × 10cm waterproof board is additionally arranged at the bottom of the sensor, so that the sensor and the vault waterproof board can be welded and fixed conveniently.
The manufactured micro-sensor switches are arranged on the inner side of a waterproof board of the vault, the length of each board is 12m, 4 groups of sensing monitoring points (1.0 m staggered with the position of a pumping hole) are sequentially laid at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the vault, the 4 groups of sensing monitoring points are connected through network cables, and the network cables are led into a signal box and are connected with an alarm device to form an early warning system. After the device is installed, steel bar binding, trolley positioning and lining concrete pouring are carried out, the concrete surface is jacked to trigger a micro pressure switch along with the rising of two lining concrete pouring surfaces in the vault pouring process, and the sensing monitoring point signal lamps sequentially light up to give an alarm, so that whether the concrete pouring near the monitoring point is full or not can be judged.
5. Construction process flow and operation key points
5.1 construction Process
The construction process flow is shown in figure 2.
5.2 operating points
5.2.1 preparation of construction
1. And (4) making implementation construction organization measures according to the construction period, the condition of the transportation road and the production capacity of the prefabricating yard. The construction equipment, machines and personnel are prepared in place according to the construction organization scheme. The lining construction process should ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel.
2. Before lining construction, concrete mixing equipment (or a factory-mixed concrete transportation scheme is provided) and templates and constructors are configured according to the quantity of projects per cycle, a process test is carried out, a lining construction operation instruction book is made, and a construction quality inspection method is determined.
3. Before construction, the section of the lining must be checked and rechecked, and the central line, the level, the section size and the clearance of the tunnel lining must meet the design requirements so as to ensure that the lining does not invade the limit of the tunnel building.
5.2.2 Tunnel primary section clearance measurement
Before the second lining construction of the tunnel, the clearance of the primary support section of the tunnel is measured by a measuring group, the clearance of the tunnel is checked, and the measurement result is reported after the clearance is checked. And processing the limit intrusion part in advance, retesting after the processing is finished, and performing the next procedure after the limit intrusion part is qualified through supervision and inspection.
5.2.3 bottoming and basal plane treatment
(1) And the bottom cleaning adopts a manual cooperation back-hoe excavator, and the protection of the primary support of the tunnel should be paid attention in the bottom cleaning process.
(2) The primary support base surface concentrates the water leakage position to carry out grouting water shutoff, the water leakage position is applied as a waterproof mortar rigid waterproof layer or a leakage shutoff agent, no water dripping, water leakage, water dripping, linear flow or mud and sand outflow is realized, and the drying and cleaning of the base surface are ensured.
(3) And sharp objects such as reinforcing steel bar heads, iron wires, anchor pipes, calandria, anchor rods and the like exposed on the base surface are cut off and hammered out from the arch crown to two sides, and are smoothly smeared by mortar, so that the sharp objects cannot be generated.
(4) And (3) chiseling unevenness of a base surface and smoothing the unevenness by using mortar, wherein the unevenness is at most 3mm, the vector chord ratio of the unevenness of the arch part is not more than 1/8, and the vector chord ratio of other parts is not more than 1/6. The base surface concave and convex corners and the edge corners are plastered into circular arcs by mortar, and the radius of the circular arcs is 100 mm.
(5) After the base surface is treated and is checked to be qualified, the next procedure of construction can be carried out.
5.2.4 Tunnel flashing construction
And (3) carrying out clearance measurement on one section of each 3m of the primary support surface before the waterproof layer is laid, and timely processing is carried out if the position is invaded to limit until the requirement of the designed thickness of the lining concrete is met. The surface of the primary support and the leakage condition are checked before the waterproof layer is laid, and the treatment requirements comprise the following points:
(1) the surface of the primary support is smooth without hollowing, cracks and crisp, and the base surface is leveled by spraying concrete (or mortar). (2) Cutting off the protruding parts of the reinforcing mesh and the grouting pipe head, flattening by using a hammer, and plastering by using cement mortar; the projected part of the anchor rod is cut off and riveted, and then is leveled by mortar or sprayed concrete. (3) The surface flatness of the primary support is required to meet the requirement that D/L is less than or equal to 1/10 (D is the depth of the two adjacent convex surfaces of the primary support base surface in a concave mode; L is the distance between the two adjacent convex surfaces of the base layer, and L is less than or equal to 1 m). (4) When the base surface has strand-shaped water gushing, a drainage blind pipe is adopted to collect water and introduce the water into a drainage ditch in the hole for drainage.
When the geotextile is laid, firstly, a single geotextile is fixed to a preset position by using an operation rack, then, the geotextile is fixed on the sprayed concrete by using a hot-melt gasket, a metal gasket and a shooting nail (the material specification is that the diameter of the hot-melt gasket is 70mm, the thickness of the metal gasket is 5-6 mm, the diameter of the metal gasket is 20mm, the thickness of the metal gasket is 2mm, and the length of the shooting nail is 25-30 mm), the geotextile is fixed in a circulating manner from top to bottom, and the lap joint width of the geotextile is not. The geotextile is closely attached to the surface of the sprayed concrete, and the laying is smooth, and has no bulge and no fold.
When the waterproof board is hung, a self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley can be adopted, the trolley pressing device is formed by connecting a telescopic hydraulic pressing rod [16 channel steel and a cloth hanging trolley chute trolley, and the pressing rod is connected with the chute trolley by a flange plate, so that the direction can be adjusted; the pressing rod is bolted with a 16-channel steel, and 4 hard plastic rollers are arranged on the 16-channel steel.
After the self-propelled waterproof board is hung to the cloth platform truck and is fixed a position, the waterproof board is moved through the support of the hoisting bracket system on the platform truck, the waterproof board is compressed tightly by the aid of the telescopic hydraulic working rod and the pressing device, the full-circle rotation is realized by the aid of the walking chute track, and the waterproof board and the hot-melt gasket are fixed in an electromagnetic welding mode.
The waterproof board should be laid with a proper amount of margin (the ratio of the length of the solid layer to the arc length is 10: 0.8). The lapping width of the two waterproof boards is not less than 15 cm. When the annular is laid, the lower waterproof board presses the upper waterproof board. The lap joint between the waterproof boards adopts double welding seams, and the width of the two welding seams is not less than 15 mm. The overlapping joint of the waterproof board is staggered with the construction joint and is not lower than 100 cm.
The waterproof board is laid by adopting a special working bench. Set up collapsible simple and easy support frame on the waterproof board construction rack, can effectively reduce waterproof board installer's intensity of labour under the assistance of support frame, improved the degree of hugging closely of waterproof board and hole body.
The tunnel lining follows the principle of 'inverted arch advancing and arch wall integral lining', after primary support is finished, in order to effectively control the deformation of the tunnel, the inverted arch is constructed as close as possible to an excavation surface, a trestle platform is adopted for inverted arch filling to solve the problem of transportation in the tunnel, and full-width one-time construction is carried out. After the inverted arch construction is finished, a waterproof plate is manually laid by using a multifunctional operation platform, after reinforcing steel bars are bound, secondary lining is carried out by using a hydraulic integral lining trolley, and one-step integral pouring construction of an arch wall is adopted. The concrete is intensively mixed outside the hole by adopting a mixing station, the concrete mixing transport vehicle is transported into the hole, the concrete is pumped for pouring, and the inserted tamping bar is matched with the attached vibrator for tamping.
5.2.5 inverted arch and inverted arch filling construction
In order to ensure the parallel operation of tunnel construction, the inverted arch construction adopts a movable inverted arch trestle, the trestle is 12m, 5I 30I-shaped steels are adopted for processing, the width of the trestle is 1.0m, the upper surfaces of I30I-shaped steels are firmly connected and welded by phi 22 steel bars, the distance between the I30I-shaped steels is 25cm, and the bottom surfaces of the I30I-shaped steels are welded by [10 channel steels ] so as to ensure the integrity of the. The inverted arch and inverted arch filling concrete are poured in a framing and subsection mode, 20-30 m of secondary lining is advanced, the inverted arch and the inverted arch cannot be filled simultaneously, pouring is conducted at one time according to the design thickness, and the length of a general pouring section is not larger than 8 m. And reserving temporary ditches at two sides during filling and pouring of the inverted arch. IV, the V-level surrounding rock comprises the pouring of inverted arch concrete and the pouring of an inverted arch filling layer; the class III surrounding rock comprises pouring of bottom-laying concrete. The inverted arch and the inverted arch cannot be filled at the same time, and filling concrete is required to be poured after the inverted arch is finally set. The construction of the inverted arch following the lower step is designed by dividing the inverted arch and the filling into two steps by combining the section condition and the prior construction technology.
The inverted arch is constructed by adopting a movable trestle, but the filling of the inverted arch is not simultaneously poured with the inverted arch, the lining of the arch wall is constructed by adopting a hydraulic steel mould lining trolley, finally, a ditch cable duct is constructed, and backfill grouting is adopted in necessary sections. The construction sequence of the concrete lining in the tunnel is shown in figure 4.
5.2.6 monitoring installation of intelligent anti-falling sensor
The intelligent anti-disengaging sensor monitoring system adopts a micro switch sensor, a network cable, a three-level distribution box and the like to form an early warning system, realizes real-time dynamic monitoring of arch top concrete pouring, timely processes existing cavities in the pouring process, and effectively improves construction quality.
Manufacturing method of micro-motion sensor
A 3cm multiplied by 3cm waterproof board is additionally arranged on the transmission rod of the micro-sensor so as to enlarge the sensing range of the sensor and increase the sensitivity; and a 3cm × 10cm waterproof board is additionally arranged at the bottom of the sensor, so that the sensor and the vault waterproof board can be welded and fixed conveniently.
Manufacturing of signal box
A signal lamp, a network cable interface and a power switch are additionally arranged on the three-stage distribution box to integrally manufacture a signal box.
The manufactured micro-sensor switches are arranged on the inner side of a waterproof board of the vault, the length of each board is 12m, 4 groups of sensing monitoring points (1.0 m staggered with the position of a pumping hole) are sequentially laid at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the vault, the 4 groups of sensing monitoring points are connected through network cables, and the network cables are led into a signal box and are connected with an alarm device to form an early warning system. After the device is installed, steel bar binding, trolley positioning and lining concrete pouring are carried out, the concrete surface is jacked to trigger a micro pressure switch along with the rising of two lining concrete pouring surfaces in the vault pouring process, and the sensing monitoring point signal lamps sequentially light up to give an alarm, so that whether the concrete pouring near the monitoring point is full or not can be judged.
5.2.7 casting and monitoring construction of tunnel secondary lining concrete
After the tunnel is excavated and supported, the deformation of surrounding rock is converged, namely, the lining construction can be carried out after the deformation and the settlement are avoided. Before the waterproof layer is laid, the clearance of the excavated section is checked, and the underexcavated part is processed to ensure that the clearance is not invaded by design requirements. Simultaneously, carrying out base treatment on the sprayed concrete, wherein the base flatness requires: the height difference of the concave-convex part is not more than 5 cm.
The composite lining requires that the tunnel concrete secondary lining should be used as the best lining opportunity after the convergence and deformation of the surrounding rocks are stable, but the weak surrounding rocks and fault fracture zones have poor self-stability capability of the surrounding rocks, and the primary support is difficult to ensure the complete stability of the surrounding rocks, so the secondary lining is timely carried out after the consent of a supervision engineer according to the support condition and measurement information so as to ensure the stability of the tunnel body and the construction safety, and the secondary lining is optionally followed by an excavation surface.
A lining trolley for a lining steel template of a customized 12-meter is generally adopted for the front tunnel lining section side arch formwork, and the template is correctly aligned by adjusting a hydraulic element. The concrete is poured from bottom to top through a pouring window, the concrete is poured horizontally and symmetrically in layers from a poured section joint to a non-pouring direction, the pouring and the tamping are carried out while the layer thickness is not more than 40cm, the pouring time of two adjacent layers is not more than 1.5 hours, the concrete on the upper layer and the lower layer is well combined before initial setting, a construction cold joint is not formed, the vertical free falling height is controlled to be not more than 2m, an attached vibrator and an inserted vibrator are adopted for tamping, a specially-assigned person is arranged to take charge, and the inside and outside light of the concrete lining is ensured.
The method reduces the bubbles on the surface of the secondary lining concrete, adopts the measure that the plug boards are provided with the drain holes in a layered mode to drain the grout, and the concrete generates grout in the vibrating process and is easy to adhere to the template to form the bubbles on the surface of the concrete. And (3) arranging holes (namely screw holes with the diameter of 10-14) which can be closed every 20-30 cm vertically on the plug board, opening the holes according to the layer of the concrete during pouring, draining water, and sealing the holes in time after draining the water.
The lining trolley provides section size and function requirements on site, entrusts a professional manufacturer to process and assemble on site. The lining trolley has enough strength and rigidity, meets the requirements of section widening and lower anchor section lining, and is convenient to erect the formwork.
When the pouring process is close to the vault, a monitoring sensor circuit is connected, when the concrete compactness meets the requirement, a circuit system is connected, an audible and visual alarm sounds, the pouring of the section on the surface meets the requirement, and when the requirement is not met, a tape-mold grouting process is adopted to fill in time.
The lining of structures such as reserved caverns adopts a simple lining rack and a combined steel mould to erect a mould, and concrete is pumped into a warehouse. During construction, the length of 1m is reserved on the connecting section of the lining of the main tunnel, and the connecting section and the lining of the main tunnel are simultaneously poured.
And (5) watering and curing the concrete from the head plate 12 hours after the concrete pouring is finished.
Construction with mould grouting when 5.2.8 compactness does not meet the standard
Vault grouting slurry adopts high-cement slurry with higher calculus rate, a grouting pipe and an exhaust pipe both adopt phi 32PVC pipes, a pipe body is provided with quincunx grout overflow holes, the aperture is 3mm, the longitudinal distance is 20cm, the grouting pipe adopts black, and the exhaust pipe adopts white so as to distinguish the grouting pipe from the exhaust pipe; the fixing strip adopts a 40cm multiplied by 10cm rectangular waterproof board.
And (3) fixing the grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe on the vault waterproof board by using a fixing strip (40cm multiplied by 10cm rectangular waterproof board) in a hot melting manner, wherein the distance between the two pipes is 3-5 cm, and the distance between the fixing strips is less than or equal to 50 cm. The PVC pipes are lengthened and connected by adopting direct joints, the total length is equal to the length of the lining section plus 20cm (exposed), and the exposed end heads are provided with connecting pipeline devices. As shown in fig. 5.
Grouting at the vault of the tunnel is brought into process management, and backfilling and grouting at the vault are carried out in time before the lining is demolded.
The grouting material adopts cement or micro-expansion cement slurry with high calculus rate, and the grouting pressure reaches 0.2 Mpa. And stopping grouting when the slurry suction amount is too large in the grouting process, and taking treatment measures after finding out reasons.
The grouting sequence is preferably carried out along the uphill direction of the line, and the grouting pressure and flow change are observed constantly in the grouting process.
And (3) performing self-inspection on the arch roof lining quality in 3 months after grouting is finished by adopting modes of manual knocking, a geological radar method and the like, mainly inspecting the positions of the construction joints and the embedded channels, and timely treating after defects are found.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, checking a lining section; measuring and checking the clearance of the initial section of the tunnel, processing the invasion part and retesting;
step two, adopting a back-hoe excavator to clean the bottom and processing the base surface;
step three, performing tunnel water drainage prevention construction treatment, and installing a micro-actuator;
step four, performing inverted arch and inverted arch filling construction; pouring secondary lining concrete in the tunnel, and switching on a monitoring sensor circuit when the pouring process is close to the vault; when the concrete compactness meets the requirement, a circuit system is connected, an audible and visual alarm sounds, the pouring of the section on the surface meets the requirement, and when the concrete compactness does not meet the requirement, a tape-mold grouting process is adopted to fill in time.
2. The tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarm construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step two of processing the base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) grouting and water plugging are carried out on the concentrated water leakage part of the primary support base surface, a waterproof mortar rigid waterproof layer or a plugging agent is applied on the water leakage part, and no water dripping, water leakage, water dripping, linear flow or mud and sand outflow is achieved;
(2) cutting off and hammering the steel bar head, the iron wire, the anchor pipe, the calandria and the anchor rod exposed from the base surface from the vault to two sides, and smoothly wiping the steel bar head, the iron wire, the anchor pipe, the calandria and the anchor rod by mortar to remove sharp objects;
(3) chiseling unevenness of a base surface and smoothing the unevenness by using mortar, wherein the unevenness is at most 3mm, the vector chord ratio of the unevenness of an arch part is not more than 1/8, and the vector chord ratio of other parts is not more than 1/6; and (3) plastering the base surface at the internal and external corners and the edge corners into circular arcs by mortar, wherein the radius of the circular arcs is 100 mm.
3. The tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarm construction method according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel waterproof and drainage construction treatment in the third step specifically comprises: firstly, laying geotextile, and hanging a waterproof board by adopting a self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley; positioning a self-propelled waterproof board cloth hanging trolley, and supporting and moving the waterproof board through a hoisting bracket system on the trolley; the waterproof plate is pressed tightly by adopting a telescopic hydraulic working rod and a pressing device, and the full-circle rotation is realized by utilizing a running chute track; and the waterproof plate and the hot-melt gasket are fixed by electromagnetic welding.
4. The tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarm construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step four middle inverted arch and inverted arch filling construction method comprises the following steps: the inverted arch construction adopts a movable inverted arch trestle with 12m trestle, 5I-shaped steel I30 are adopted for processing, the width is 1.0m, the upper surface of I30I-shaped steel I is firmly connected and welded by phi 22 steel bars, the distance is 25cm, and the bottom surface is welded by [10 steel channels;
the inverted arch and inverted arch filling concrete are poured in a framing and subsection mode, the secondary lining is advanced by 20-30 m, the inverted arch and the inverted arch cannot be simultaneously poured in a filling mode, one-step pouring forming is conducted according to the design thickness, and the length of a pouring section is not more than 8 m; reserving temporary ditches at two sides during filling and pouring of the inverted arch;
IV, the V-level surrounding rock comprises the pouring of inverted arch concrete and the pouring of an inverted arch filling layer; the III-grade surrounding rock comprises pouring of bottom-laying concrete;
the inverted arch is constructed by adopting a movable trestle, filling of the inverted arch is not poured simultaneously with the inverted arch, the arch wall lining is constructed by adopting a hydraulic steel mould lining trolley, and finally, a ditch cable trough is constructed.
5. The tunnel lining concrete compactness real-time intelligent monitoring and alarm construction method according to claim 1, wherein the strip mold grouting process in the fourth step comprises the following steps: vault grouting slurry adopts high-cement slurry with higher calculus rate, a grouting pipe and an exhaust pipe both adopt phi 32PVC pipes, a pipe body is provided with quincunx grout overflow holes, the aperture is 3mm, the longitudinal distance is 20cm, the grouting pipe adopts black, and the exhaust pipe adopts white; the fixing strip adopts a 40cm multiplied by 10cm rectangular waterproof board;
fixing the grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe on the vault waterproof board through hot melting by using a fixing strip, wherein the distance between the two pipes is 3-5 cm, and the distance between the fixing strips is less than or equal to 50 cm; the PVC pipes are lengthened and connected by adopting direct joints, the total length is equal to the length of the lining section plus 20cm, and the exposed end is connected with a pipeline device.
6. The method for real-time intelligent monitoring and alarm construction of the compactness of tunnel lining concrete according to claim 1, wherein the method for real-time intelligent monitoring and alarm construction of the compactness of tunnel lining concrete further comprises:
a 3cm × 3cm waterproof plate is additionally arranged on the transmission rod of the micro-sensor; a waterproof plate which is 3cm multiplied by 10cm and used for welding and fixing the sensor and the vault waterproof plate is additionally arranged at the bottom;
a signal lamp, a network cable interface and a power switch are additionally arranged on the three-stage distribution box to integrally manufacture a signal box;
the manufactured micro-sensor switches are arranged on the inner side of a waterproof board of the vault, the length of a second liner of each board is 12m, and 4 groups of sensing monitoring points are sequentially laid at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the vault; the 4 groups of sensing monitoring points are connected through the network cable, and the network cable is led to the signal box and connected with the alarm device to form an early warning system.
7. The real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for the compactness of the tunnel lining concrete according to claim 1, wherein the alarming method of the real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for the compactness of the tunnel lining concrete comprises the following steps: when steel bars are bound, a trolley is in place and lining concrete is poured, the concrete surface is jacked up to trigger a micro pressure switch along with the rising of the two lining concrete pouring surfaces in the vault pouring process, and the signal lamps of the sensing monitoring points sequentially light up to give an alarm to judge whether the concrete pouring nearby the monitoring points is full; if the blood is full, the alarm device automatically alarms.
8. A real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming system for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete for performing the real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction method for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete according to claim 1, wherein the real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming system for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete comprises:
a micro-motion monitoring module: is connected with the transmission module; the system is used for sensing and monitoring by utilizing a microswitch and a micro sensor;
a transmission module: is connected with the micro-motion monitoring module and the alarm module; the system is used for connecting the micro-motion monitoring module and the alarm module by using a network cable;
an alarm module: and the transmission module is connected with the alarm device and is used for alarming by utilizing the alarm device.
9. An information data processing terminal carrying the real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction system for the compactness of the tunnel lining concrete as claimed in claim 8.
10. A construction control system of construction engineering carrying the real-time intelligent monitoring and alarming construction system for the compactness of tunnel lining concrete as claimed in claim 8.
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Cited By (16)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111140256A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-12 | 中铁五局集团第二工程有限责任公司 | Construction method of tunnel secondary lining concrete pouring liquid level monitor |
| CN111365018A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-03 | 上海同岩土木工程科技股份有限公司 | Cover arch reinforcement method suitable for small tunnel clearance |
| CN111398406A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Filling compactness detection method based on magnetoresistive sensor |
| CN111577328A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel lining anti-void construction method |
| CN111595784A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-28 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Real-time detection method for compactness of perfusion vault |
| CN111749716A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-09 | 徐孔明 | Colliery deep well tunnel plain noodles shotcrete supporting construction |
| CN111878122A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-03 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring cavity in concrete tunnel construction process |
| CN111912966A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-10 | 中交一公局厦门工程有限公司 | Two-lining vault close-fitting monitor and application method thereof in two-lining concrete |
| CN111927497A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-13 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Construction method for preventing and treating tunnel cracks by using intelligent concrete |
| CN112127946A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2020-12-25 | 文山州广那高速公路投资建设开发有限公司 | Tunnel drainage pipe blockage monitoring system |
| CN112327298A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-05 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Concrete quality monitoring construction method |
| CN112443343A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-05 | 中铁五局集团成都工程有限责任公司 | Tunnel lining arch anti-disengaging device and construction method |
| CN112523780A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Soft rock tunnel lining vault anti-hollowing active monitoring construction method |
| CN113356567A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 张忠良 | Intelligent template for building construction |
| CN113833525A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-24 | 福建省瑞亿机械制造有限公司 | Tunnel secondary lining concrete pouring air-defense explosion-proof alarm system |
| CN116517588A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-01 | 广东水电二局股份有限公司 | Construction method for preventing tunnel lining vault from falling out and falling out preventing device thereof |
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Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111140256A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-12 | 中铁五局集团第二工程有限责任公司 | Construction method of tunnel secondary lining concrete pouring liquid level monitor |
| CN111365018B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2021-08-06 | 上海同岩土木工程科技股份有限公司 | Cover arch reinforcement method suitable for small tunnel clearance |
| CN111365018A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-03 | 上海同岩土木工程科技股份有限公司 | Cover arch reinforcement method suitable for small tunnel clearance |
| CN111398406A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Filling compactness detection method based on magnetoresistive sensor |
| CN111577328A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel lining anti-void construction method |
| CN111595784A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-28 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Real-time detection method for compactness of perfusion vault |
| CN113833525A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-24 | 福建省瑞亿机械制造有限公司 | Tunnel secondary lining concrete pouring air-defense explosion-proof alarm system |
| CN111912966A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-10 | 中交一公局厦门工程有限公司 | Two-lining vault close-fitting monitor and application method thereof in two-lining concrete |
| CN111749716A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-09 | 徐孔明 | Colliery deep well tunnel plain noodles shotcrete supporting construction |
| CN111749716B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-01-11 | 湖南省煤业集团马田矿业有限公司 | Colliery deep well tunnel plain noodles shotcrete supporting construction |
| CN111927497A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-13 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Construction method for preventing and treating tunnel cracks by using intelligent concrete |
| CN111878122A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-03 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring cavity in concrete tunnel construction process |
| CN112327298A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-05 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Concrete quality monitoring construction method |
| CN112127946A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2020-12-25 | 文山州广那高速公路投资建设开发有限公司 | Tunnel drainage pipe blockage monitoring system |
| CN112523780A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Soft rock tunnel lining vault anti-hollowing active monitoring construction method |
| CN112523780B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-11-29 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Soft rock tunnel lining vault anti-hollowing active monitoring construction method |
| CN112443343A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-05 | 中铁五局集团成都工程有限责任公司 | Tunnel lining arch anti-disengaging device and construction method |
| CN113356567A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 张忠良 | Intelligent template for building construction |
| CN116517588A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-01 | 广东水电二局股份有限公司 | Construction method for preventing tunnel lining vault from falling out and falling out preventing device thereof |
| CN116517588B (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-10-13 | 广东水电二局股份有限公司 | Construction method for preventing tunnel lining vault from falling out and falling out preventing device thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191227 |