CN110616349A - Melting refining agent for 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Melting refining agent for 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110616349A CN110616349A CN201911009195.5A CN201911009195A CN110616349A CN 110616349 A CN110616349 A CN 110616349A CN 201911009195 A CN201911009195 A CN 201911009195A CN 110616349 A CN110616349 A CN 110616349A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a melting refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-32 parts of potassium chloride, 35-55 parts of magnesium chloride, 5-14 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3-8 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 3-8 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.5-4 parts of rare earth fluoride, 1-5 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 1-5 parts of potassium fluoborate, 2-8 parts of manganese chloride and 2-6 parts of barium sulfate. The invention reduces the content of hydrogen, impurities and impurity element Fe in the wire blank melt of the welding wire, refines crystal grains and ensures that the welding wire is free from welding defects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy refining agents, in particular to a melting refining agent for a 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire mainly refers to an aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire with the mass fraction of Mg element larger than 3.0%, such as SAl 5356, SAl 5183, SAl 5087, SAl 5556, SAl 5654 and the like. The welding wire has good welding compatibility, is used as a general welding material, is widely applied to welding of medium and high strength aluminum alloys such as non-heat treatment strengthened Al-Mg series (such as 5083, 5052 and the like), heat treatment strengthened Al-Mg-Si series (such as 6061, 6082 and the like), Al-Zn-Mg series (such as 7N01, 7003) and the like, and is an aluminum alloy welding wire which is most widely used in welding and manufacturing of high-end equipment of aluminum alloys, such as fields of high-speed trains, pressure vessels, aluminum alloy ships, military equipment and the like.
The 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy contains high magnesium element, so that an oxide film on the surface of an aluminum alloy melt is loose, the compactness is poor, the air suction of the melt is obviously increased, and oxide inclusions are easily formed; on the other hand, magnesium and a second phase containing magnesium have strong hydrogen adsorption capacity, the solubility of hydrogen in magnesium is 92.5 times higher than that of aluminum at the liquid state of 658 ℃, and hydrogen in the second phase Mg5Al8The solubility of the impurity is 3-5 times of that of other common metal compounds, and the inclusion is often associated with gas elements such as hydrogen and the like. Meanwhile, the trace impurity element sodium can strongly damage the thermal deformation performance of the alloy, and sodium brittleness is generated, and is particularly prominent in high-magnesium alloy. The characteristics seriously deteriorate the internal quality (such as hydrogen content, oxide inclusion and grain size) and the processing performance of the 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank, so that the defects of air holes, slag inclusion, cracks and the like frequently exist in the welding process of the domestic 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire, the safety and the reliability of a welding joint are seriously influenced, and the high-end aluminum alloy welding wire is monopolized by foreign enterprises all the time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a melting refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank, which is used for reducing the contents of hydrogen, impurities and impurity element Fe in a welding wire blank melt, refining crystal grains and ensuring that the welding wire is free of welding defects, and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the technical scheme is that the melting refining agent for the 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-32 parts of potassium chloride, 35-55 parts of magnesium chloride, 5-14 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3-8 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 3-8 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.5-4 parts of rare earth fluoride, 1-5 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 1-5 parts of potassium fluoborate, 2-8 parts of manganese chloride and 2-6 parts of barium sulfate.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of potassium chloride, 40 parts of magnesium chloride, 12 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 5 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 1 part of rare earth fluoride, 2 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 2 parts of potassium fluoborate, 2 parts of manganese chloride and 4 parts of barium sulfate.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of potassium chloride, 35 parts of magnesium chloride, 7 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 6 parts of potassium carbonate, 3 parts of rare earth fluoride, 3 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 4 parts of potassium fluoborate, 4 parts of manganese chloride and 2 parts of barium sulfate.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of potassium chloride, 50 parts of magnesium chloride, 5 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3.5 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 4.5 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.6 part of rare earth fluoride, 4 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 1 part of potassium fluoborate, 3.4 parts of manganese chloride and 6 parts of barium sulfate.
A preparation method of a melt refining agent for a 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank comprises the following steps of (1) weighing raw materials in parts by weight, mixing potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluotitanate, boron fluotitanate and manganese chloride, charging, heating to 550 ℃ for melting, and preserving heat for 30 minutes in a melting state at 550 ℃; (2) and uniformly mixing potassium fluoroaluminate, potassium carbonate, rare earth fluoride and barium sulfate, adding the mixture into the melt, continuously heating to 680 ℃ for melting, preserving heat for 1 hour in the 680 ℃ molten state, pouring the mixture into a drying container, and cooling and crystallizing the mixture into blocks.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the melting refining agent has the advantages of uniform components, strong moisture resistance and extremely low water content. When the method is used for refining 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank melt, the hydrogen content of the melt can reach below 0.12mL/100g Al, the hydrogen content of the wire blank is lower than 0.20ppm, and the content of an impurity element Fe is extremely low; the metallographic method is adopted to evaluate the inclusions in the 5-series high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank, the wire blank has extremely low inclusion content, the size of the inclusions is less than 10 mu m, the structure of the wire blank is fine and uniform, the 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire prepared from the wire blank has no defects such as air holes, inclusions, cracks and the like during welding, and the X-ray detection of a welding joint is I level.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1, the invention relates to a melting refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-32 parts of potassium chloride, 35-55 parts of magnesium chloride, 5-14 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3-8 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 3-8 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.5-4 parts of rare earth fluoride, 1-5 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 1-5 parts of potassium fluoborate, 2-8 parts of manganese chloride and 2-6 parts of barium sulfate.
The main functions of the raw materials in the invention are as follows:
the potassium chloride and the magnesium chloride are main components for smelting the high magnesium aluminum alloy flux, the potassium chloride and the magnesium chloride form low-melting-point eutectic, the density of the eutectic is obviously lower than that of liquid aluminum at the smelting temperature, the surface tension can be reduced, the flux is uniformly covered on the surface of the aluminum melt, and the eutectic has extremely strong wetting and adsorption effects on aluminum oxide. Potassium fluoroaluminate: improve the purifying capacity of the refining agent, and can adsorb and dissolve alumina and SiO2The aluminum oxide slag is combined into blocky slag, so that the blocky slag is easy to remove, and meanwhile, the interface wettability between the aluminum oxide slag inclusion and the aluminum melt can be reduced, so that the slag inclusion and the aluminum melt are easy to separate, and the drying of the slag is promoted. Potassium fluosilicate: potassium fluosilicate is heated to decompose to generate volatile gas SiF4Has the function of degassing; at the same time, the alloy can be mixed with Al inclusions2O3Reaction to form K3AlF6It has the function of removing slag and is a good purifying agent. Potassium carbonate: decomposition in the aluminium melt to give off CO2The bubbles can remove hydrogen during the rising process and can also have the effect of a heat generating agent. Rare earth fluoride: the effect is that through the addition of a proper amount of rare earth elements La and Ce, stable compounds are formed with hydrogen, the atomic state and molecular state hydrogen in the aluminum melt is reduced, the 'hydrogen fixation' effect is achieved, pinholes can be obviously reduced, and the purity of the melt is improved; the crystal grains of the alloy are refined,increase the area of crystal boundary and improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the alloy. Potassium fluotitanate: the special additive stably transfers Ti element into the liquid aluminum to play a role in refining grains, and can be combined with hydrogen to form insoluble stable hydride TiH, which is beneficial to reducing the hydrogen content in the liquid aluminum. Potassium fluoroborate: a boronizing agent for stably transferring B element into liquid aluminum to form fine TiB with Ti element2Intermetallic compounds and refined grains. Manganese chloride: the aluminum-containing alloy reacts with aluminum to generate gas aluminum chloride and simple substance Mn, the generated Mn and an iron phase in the alloy form an AlSiMnFe quaternary alloy, the gravity of the iron phase is increased to naturally settle the iron phase, and the separation from a melt is realized to achieve the iron removal effect. Barium sulfate: the strong exothermic agent can accelerate the permeation of the refining agent to the inclusions, and can also be baked with Fe to form a porous structure, so that the content of Fe element in the aluminum melt can be reduced.
Embodiment 2, a melt refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of potassium chloride, 40 parts of magnesium chloride, 12 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 5 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 1 part of rare earth fluoride, 2 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 2 parts of potassium fluoborate, 2 parts of manganese chloride and 4 parts of barium sulfate.
When the 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank melt is refined by using the high-efficiency melting refining agent, the hydrogen content of the melt is 0.10mL/100g Al, the hydrogen content of the wire blank is 0.17ppm, and the content of impurity element Fe is 0.052%; the content of inclusions in a wire blank of the 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire is evaluated by a metallographic method, the wire blank inclusions are 0.03%, the sizes of the inclusions are smaller than 10 mu m, the wire blank structure is fine and uniform, the prepared 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire has no defects such as air holes, inclusions, cracks and the like during MIG welding, and the X-ray detection of a welding joint is I level.
Embodiment 3, a melt refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of potassium chloride, 35 parts of magnesium chloride, 7 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 6 parts of potassium carbonate, 3 parts of rare earth fluoride, 3 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 4 parts of potassium fluoborate, 4 parts of manganese chloride and 2 parts of barium sulfate.
When the 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank melt is refined by using the high-efficiency melting refining agent, the hydrogen content of the melt is 0.08mL/100g Al, the hydrogen content of the wire blank is 0.14ppm, and the content of impurity element Fe is 0.04%; the content of inclusions in a wire blank of the 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire is evaluated by a metallographic method, the wire blank inclusions are 0.02 percent, the sizes of the inclusions are all smaller than 10 mu m, the wire blank structure is fine and uniform, the prepared 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire has no defects such as air holes, inclusions, cracks and the like during MIG welding, and the X-ray detection of a welding joint is I level.
Embodiment 4, a melting refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of potassium chloride, 50 parts of magnesium chloride, 5 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3.5 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 4.5 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.6 part of rare earth fluoride, 4 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 1 part of potassium fluoborate, 3.4 parts of manganese chloride and 6 parts of barium sulfate.
When the 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank melt is refined by using the high-efficiency melting refining agent, the hydrogen content of the melt is 0.12mL/100g Al, the hydrogen content of the wire blank is 0.20ppm, and the content of impurity element Fe is 0.05 percent; the method is characterized in that the inclusion content of 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank is evaluated by a metallographic method, the wire blank inclusion content is 0.05%, the sizes of the inclusions are all smaller than 10 mu m, the wire blank structure is fine and uniform, the 5356 high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire prepared by the wire blank has no defects such as air holes, inclusions, cracks and the like during MIG welding, and the X-ray detection of a welding joint is I level.
A5 series high magnalium alloy welding wire blank uses the preparation method of the melt refining agent, (1) weigh every raw materials according to the part by weight, mix potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluotitanate, boron fluotitanate and manganese chloride salt with lower melting point and charge the stove, heat up to 550 duC to melt, preserve heat for 30 minutes under the melting state of 550 duC; (2) and uniformly mixing potassium fluoroaluminate, potassium carbonate, rare earth fluoride and salts with higher melting points of barium sulfate, adding the mixture into the melt, continuously heating to 680 ℃ for melting, preserving the heat for 1 hour in the 680 ℃ molten state, pouring the mixture into a drying container, cooling and crystallizing the mixture into blocks, and storing the blocks in the drying container to obtain the aluminum alloy refining agent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A melting refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 18-32 parts of potassium chloride, 35-55 parts of magnesium chloride, 5-14 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3-8 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 3-8 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.5-4 parts of rare earth fluoride, 1-5 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 1-5 parts of potassium fluoborate, 2-8 parts of manganese chloride and 2-6 parts of barium sulfate.
2. The melt refining agent for the 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of potassium chloride, 40 parts of magnesium chloride, 12 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 5 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 1 part of rare earth fluoride, 2 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 2 parts of potassium fluoborate, 2 parts of manganese chloride and 4 parts of barium sulfate.
3. A melting refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of potassium chloride, 35 parts of magnesium chloride, 7 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 6 parts of potassium carbonate, 3 parts of rare earth fluoride, 3 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 4 parts of potassium fluoborate, 4 parts of manganese chloride and 2 parts of barium sulfate.
4. A melting refining agent for a 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of potassium chloride, 50 parts of magnesium chloride, 5 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 3.5 parts of potassium fluosilicate, 4.5 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.6 part of rare earth fluoride, 4 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 1 part of potassium fluoborate, 3.4 parts of manganese chloride and 6 parts of barium sulfate.
5. The method for preparing the melting refining agent for the 5-series high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire blank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the melting refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
(1) weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, mixing potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluotitanate, boron fluotitanate and manganese chloride, charging into a furnace, heating to 550 ℃ for melting, and preserving heat for 30 minutes at the melting state of 550 ℃;
(2) and uniformly mixing potassium fluoroaluminate, potassium carbonate, rare earth fluoride and barium sulfate, adding the mixture into the melt, continuously heating to 680 ℃ for melting, preserving heat for 1 hour in the 680 ℃ molten state, pouring the mixture into a drying container, and cooling and crystallizing the mixture into blocks.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113278839A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-20 | 上海交通大学 | Magnesium rare earth alloy melt purification and refinement composite treatment flux and application thereof |
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| CN104120293A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | Smc(中国)有限公司 | Refining composition and smelting method of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
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| JPH03104838A (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-05-01 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Aluminum alloy sacrificial fin material for vapor phase brazing |
| WO1999029916A1 (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1999-06-17 | Aluminum Company Of America | Ceramic particles formed in-situ in metal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113278839A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-20 | 上海交通大学 | Magnesium rare earth alloy melt purification and refinement composite treatment flux and application thereof |
| CN113278839B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-02-25 | 上海交通大学 | Magnesium rare earth alloy melt purification and refinement composite treatment flux and application thereof |
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