CN110615662A - Precast concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Precast concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110615662A
CN110615662A CN201911005461.7A CN201911005461A CN110615662A CN 110615662 A CN110615662 A CN 110615662A CN 201911005461 A CN201911005461 A CN 201911005461A CN 110615662 A CN110615662 A CN 110615662A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
concrete
percent
water
silica fume
flint clay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201911005461.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李清彬
安金星
王凯凯
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Shandong Hongkun Technology Co Ltd
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Shandong Hongkun Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to CN201911005461.7A priority Critical patent/CN110615662A/en
Publication of CN110615662A publication Critical patent/CN110615662A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
    • C04B28/344—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition solely as one or more phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete prefabricated members, in particular to concrete for a prefabricated member and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to a precast concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11-13% of cement, 35-47% of aggregate, 5-7% of fly ash, 5-7% of silica fume, 15-25% of flint clay tailings, 0.1-2% of adhesive, 0.1-2% of water reducing agent and the balance of water; also provides a preparation method. The concrete for the prefabricated member is obtained under the synergistic action of the silica fume and the adhesive, the industrial wastes such as flint clay tailings, coal ash and the like are treated, the purposes of synergistic treatment and treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another are achieved, and the resource utilization of the flint clay tailings is realized.

Description

Precast concrete and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete prefabricated members, in particular to concrete for a prefabricated member and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The prefabricated member (PC member) refers to a concrete product processed and produced in a standardized and mechanized mode in a factory, is widely applied and plays an important role in national economy. The main raw materials of the existing concrete are cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, an additive and water, wherein the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate play a skeleton role to inhibit the shrinkage of the cement,the cement and the water are wrapped on the surfaces of the coarse and fine aggregates and fill gaps among the aggregates, and the hardened cement paste and the coarse and fine aggregates are cemented together to form a strong whole. However, cement production consumes a large amount of energy and produces a large amount of exhaust gas (CO)2、SO2Etc.) which causes pollution and cost problems; meanwhile, the exploitation of the coarse aggregate brings about various environmental damages; the above problems restrict the sustainable development of the preform industry.
The flint clay is a silicate mineral, the content of alumina after calcination is 40-50%, the structure is compact, the section is smooth, the flint clay is a high-quality preferred substance for manufacturing refractory materials, and the reserves are abundant in our province. However, the flint clay generates a great amount of flint clay tailings in the mining process, and the stockpiling of the flint clay tailings occupies a great amount of land, wastes resources and destroys the ecological environment. According to investigation, tailings are solid wastes discharged by mine enterprises in the process of refining main metallurgical raw materials, and are generally piled in a tailing pond, China is the country with the largest global tailing and waste rock stacking amount, the total amount exceeds 610 hundred million tons, and the problem of massive tailing stacking is solved by 200 circles around the earth equivalently to form a full-load heavy-load train. Professor Sunderman in the subsidiary secretary of tailing alliance has shown that through technological innovation, mountain-opening stone explosion and serious pollution caused by the stone explosion are reduced, and meanwhile, huge 'tailings and waste stone mountains' are utilized, and the clean production technology of the iron tailings and high-quality building material raw materials in the typical area is optimized in a synergistic mode to become a development trend.
At present, the comprehensive utilization technology of the flint clay tailings in China still has the problems of low economic benefit, limited consumed quantity and the like, so that the full utilization of the flint clay tailings is a necessary way for sustainable development of the mining industry in China, and the utilization of the flint clay tailings for producing the concrete for prefabricated parts also meets the requirements of the current ecological civilization construction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of pollution caused by consumption of a large amount of energy in the traditional materials and preparation methods of precast concrete and low comprehensive utilization rate of flint clay tailings in the prior art, the invention provides precast concrete and a preparation method thereof, aiming at achieving the aim of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the precast concrete consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 to 13 percent of cement, 35 to 47 percent of aggregate, 5 to 7 percent of fly ash, 5 to 7 percent of silica fume, 15 to 25 percent of flint clay tailings, 0.1 to 2 percent of adhesive, 0.1 to 2 percent of water reducing agent and the balance of water.
Wherein:
the flint clay tailing mainly comprises SiO in percentage by mass250-65% of Al2O325 to 30 percent and Fe2O35 to 15 percent. The utilization of the flint clay tailings for providing depolymerizable and repolymerizable silicon (aluminum) oxygen tetrahedrons for a concrete system is the key for reducing the consumption of cement and preparing high-durability green concrete.
The aggregate is one or more of tailing sand, waste stone, pebbles, limestone or ceramsite. The aggregate not only plays a skeleton role in the concrete, but also has great influence on the performance of the concrete due to the material, strength and water absorption of the aggregate, different forming conditions (surface characteristics) and different production processes (porosity, particle shape and the like).
The binder is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, sodium citrate, water glass, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate. The adhesive can be added into concrete slurry, the concrete has high damage rate during stirring or later pouring and forming, and the adhesive is added to meet the requirements of product performance and strength. The binder is too little, the strength is improved slightly, and the addition amount is too much, so that the formation of air holes, the utilization rate of tailings and the production cost are influenced. The proper amount of the binder is added, so that the purposes of improving the strength and easily demoulding in the later period are achieved.
The water reducing agent is one or more of sodium lignosulphonate, tannin or sugar calcium. The water reducing agent can increase the hydration efficiency, reduce the unit water consumption, increase the strength and save the cement consumption; the workability of the unset concrete is improved, and the segregation of concrete components is prevented; the water permeability and the water reducing agent are not limited to the above-mentioned ranges, so long as the above-mentioned properties are satisfied.
The activity of the fly ash is mainly from active SiO2(vitreous SiO)2) And active Al2O3(vitreous body Al)2O3) Hydration under certain alkaline condition. Therefore, the active SiO in the fly ash2Active Al2O3And free calcium oxide are active favorable components, and the fly ash is doped, so that the consumption of cement can be reduced, the later strength of concrete can be improved, the workability of concrete construction can be improved, the hydration heat of the cement can be reduced, the surface cracks of prefabricated parts can be reduced, and the composite material becomes a material for increasing the strength and the durability.
The silica fume is doped into the concrete, so that the filling of the gaps of the concrete is facilitated, the compactness of the concrete is improved, the strength, the bending resistance and the wear resistance of the concrete are improved, the alkali aggregate reaction of the concrete is reduced, and the corrosion resistance and the durability of the concrete are improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concrete for the prefabricated member, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the flint clay tailings, a proper amount of silica fume and a proper amount of water, and adding the mixture into a grinding machine for ball milling to obtain slurry;
(2) adding cement, aggregate, the balance of silica fume, a binder, a water reducing agent and the balance of water into a stirrer, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the consistency of the mixture to obtain mixture slurry;
(3) adding the slurry into the mixture slurry, and continuously stirring to obtain the precast concrete.
Wherein the mass ratio of the silica fume in the step (1) to the silica fume in the step (2) is 1 (1.5-2.0). The silica fume is added in batches according to the proportion, so that the reasonable gradation of the concrete is ensured, and the alkali aggregate reaction is eliminated, so that the concrete has higher compactness and higher compressive strength.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the concrete is prepared by mixing the flint clay tailings, the fly ash, the silica fume, the binder and the like, the concrete for the prefabricated part is obtained under the synergistic action of the silica fume and the binder by utilizing the characteristic that the main components of the flint clay tailings are similar to the fly ash, the industrial wastes such as the flint clay tailings and the fly ash are treated, the purposes of synergistic treatment and treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another are achieved, and the resource utilization of the flint clay tailings is realized; meanwhile, the problems of energy consumption, waste gas pollution and the like in the traditional preparation process of concrete are avoided.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The precast concrete consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: cement: 17 percent of aggregate, 37 percent of fly ash, 6 percent of silica fume, 25 percent of flint clay tailings, 0.15 percent of binder, 2 percent of water reducing agent and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the concrete for the prefabricated member comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 25% of flint clay tailings, 2% of silica fume and 5% of water, adding the mixture into a grinding machine, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry;
(2) adding 17% of cement, 37% of aggregate, 4% of silica fume, 0.15% of binder and the balance of water into a stirring machine, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the consistency of the mixture to obtain mixture slurry;
(3) adding the slurry into the mixture slurry, and continuously stirring to obtain the precast concrete. The flexural and compressive strengths of the prepared concrete test pieces after standard curing for 28 days are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The precast concrete consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: cement: 23 percent of aggregate, 41 percent of fly ash, 5 percent of silica fume, 15 percent of flint clay tailings, 0.1 percent of binder, 0.15 percent of water reducing agent and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the concrete for the prefabricated member comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 15% of flint clay tailings, 2% of silica fume and 3% of water, adding the mixture into a grinding machine, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry;
(2) adding 23% of cement, 41% of aggregate, 3% of silica fume, 0.1% of binder and the balance of water into a stirring machine, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the consistency of the mixture to obtain mixture slurry;
(3) adding the slurry into the mixture slurry, and continuously stirring to obtain the precast concrete.
The flexural and compressive strengths of the prepared concrete test pieces after standard curing for 28 days are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
The precast concrete consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: cement: 11 percent of aggregate, 35 percent of fly ash, 7 percent of silica fume, 20 percent of flint clay tailings, 0.2 percent of binder, 2 percent of water reducing agent and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the concrete for the prefabricated member comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 20% of flint clay tailings, 3% of silica fume and 7% of water, adding the mixture into a grinding machine, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry;
(2) adding 13% of cement, 35% of aggregate, 4% of silica fume, 0.15% of binder and the balance of water into a stirring machine, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the consistency of the mixture to obtain mixture slurry;
(3) adding the slurry into the mixture slurry, and continuously stirring to obtain the precast concrete.
The flexural and compressive strengths of the prepared concrete test pieces after standard curing for 28 days are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Item 28 days compressive strength (Mpa))
Example 1 89.7
Example 2 75.8
Example 3 80.6
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. The precast concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 to 13 percent of cement, 35 to 47 percent of aggregate, 5 to 7 percent of fly ash, 5 to 7 percent of silica fume, 15 to 25 percent of flint clay tailings, 0.1 to 2 percent of adhesive, 0.1 to 2 percent of water reducing agent and the balance of water.
2. The concrete for precast member according to claim 1, wherein the content of the flint clay tailing is SiO in terms of weight fraction250-65% of Al2O325 to 30 percent and Fe2O35 to 15 percent.
3. The concrete for prefabricated members according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate is one or more of tailings, waste rocks, pebbles, limestone or ceramsite.
4. The concrete for the prefabricated member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is one or more of sodium lignosulfonate, tannin or calcium saccharate.
5. The concrete for a preform according to claim 1, wherein the binder is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, sodium citrate, water glass, sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium carbonate.
6. A method for producing a concrete for a preform according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing the flint clay tailings, a proper amount of silica fume and a proper amount of water, and adding the mixture into a grinding machine for ball milling to obtain slurry;
(2) adding cement, aggregate, the balance of silica fume, a binder, a water reducing agent and the balance of water into a stirrer, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the consistency of the mixture to obtain mixture slurry;
(3) adding the slurry into the mixture slurry, and continuously stirring to obtain the precast concrete.
7. The method for preparing the concrete for the prefabricated member according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the silica fume in the step (1) to the silica fume in the step (2) is 1 (1.5-2.0).
CN201911005461.7A 2019-10-22 2019-10-22 Precast concrete and preparation method thereof Pending CN110615662A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112113813A (en) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-22 山东大学 Limestone-like similar material and preparation method and application thereof

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994020707A1 (en) * 1993-03-04 1994-09-15 Christopher Walker Praat Vehicle inspection pit
CN1094018A (en) * 1994-05-05 1994-10-26 安宇 Be used to improve the inorganic strengthening agent of hydraulic cement
CN101565289A (en) * 2009-05-08 2009-10-28 长春金世纪矿业技术开发有限公司 Tailing foam concrete
CN101644091A (en) * 2009-08-19 2010-02-10 长春金世纪矿业技术开发有限公司 Gangue light-weight aggregate concrete compound block and manufacturing method thereof
CN103396053A (en) * 2013-07-08 2013-11-20 武汉源锦建材科技有限公司 One-component flexible polymer waterproof mortar material and method for preparing waterproof mortar by using one-component flexible polymer waterproof mortar material
CN107663064A (en) * 2017-09-13 2018-02-06 北京市住房和城乡建设科学技术研究所（北京市房屋安全鉴定总站） A kind of grouting material
CN108249861A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-06 汝州郑铁三佳水泥制品有限公司 A kind of high-speed railway Reactive Powder Concrete prefabricated components and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994020707A1 (en) * 1993-03-04 1994-09-15 Christopher Walker Praat Vehicle inspection pit
CN1094018A (en) * 1994-05-05 1994-10-26 安宇 Be used to improve the inorganic strengthening agent of hydraulic cement
CN101565289A (en) * 2009-05-08 2009-10-28 长春金世纪矿业技术开发有限公司 Tailing foam concrete
CN101644091A (en) * 2009-08-19 2010-02-10 长春金世纪矿业技术开发有限公司 Gangue light-weight aggregate concrete compound block and manufacturing method thereof
CN103396053A (en) * 2013-07-08 2013-11-20 武汉源锦建材科技有限公司 One-component flexible polymer waterproof mortar material and method for preparing waterproof mortar by using one-component flexible polymer waterproof mortar material
CN107663064A (en) * 2017-09-13 2018-02-06 北京市住房和城乡建设科学技术研究所（北京市房屋安全鉴定总站） A kind of grouting material
CN108249861A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-06 汝州郑铁三佳水泥制品有限公司 A kind of high-speed railway Reactive Powder Concrete prefabricated components and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112113813A (en) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-22 山东大学 Limestone-like similar material and preparation method and application thereof
CN112113813B (en) * 2020-09-09 2022-06-03 山东大学 Limestone-like similar material and preparation method and application thereof

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Application publication date: 20191227