CN110614448B - Deformation suppression clamp for laser impact of multiple blades - Google Patents
Deformation suppression clamp for laser impact of multiple blades Download PDFInfo
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- CN110614448B CN110614448B CN201910805376.2A CN201910805376A CN110614448B CN 110614448 B CN110614448 B CN 110614448B CN 201910805376 A CN201910805376 A CN 201910805376A CN 110614448 B CN110614448 B CN 110614448B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/356—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by shock processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The invention relates to a blade tool clamp, in particular to a deformation inhibiting clamp for laser impact of multiple blades. The plunger is installed on the blade body clamping module moving seat, the plunger better fits the appearance of the blade and winds and compresses the blade workpiece through the high-strength flexible belt to perform auxiliary clamping. The deformation suppression module comprises a movable pedestal and a plunger damper deformation suppression supporting unit which are installed on the clamp base module, and can adapt to the curved surface shapes of different blades and adjust in real time. In the process of impacting the turbine blade by laser, the blade is positioned by the blade root positioning module, and the blade body clamping module assists in clamping to improve the rigidity of the whole system. Along with the movement of the laser impact light spot position, the deformation inhibiting module continuously moves and is always positioned on the rear surface of the projection area of the laser impact area, so that the elastic deformation and vibration of the blade during impact strengthening are reduced, and the laser impact precision and the strengthening effect are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blade tool fixtures, in particular to a deformation inhibiting fixture for laser impact of multiple blades, which is suitable for positioning and clamping blades of different specifications and inhibiting vibration and elastic deformation of the blades caused by laser impact.
Technical Field
The laser shock peening LSP technology is used for strengthening treatment of key parts of aero-engine compressor blades, turbine blades, blisks and the like so as to improve the fatigue fracture resistance, foreign object damage resistance and fretting wear resistance of the aero-engine compressor blades, the turbine blades, the blisks and the like.
Meanwhile, various blade parts including steam turbine blades and aero-engine blades belong to thin-wall weak-rigidity parts, the problems of elastic deformation and vibration are easily caused in the actual laser shock strengthening process, and the problems are rarely considered when the existing laser shock strengthening is used for processing the blade parts, so that the shock strengthening processing precision is reduced. Due to elastic deformation and vibration of parts, parameters of laser cannot be accurately controlled, and the strengthening precision and strengthening effect of blade parts can be reduced.
On the other hand, when the laser impacts blade parts, the blade roots are often used as positioning references, various blade specifications are various, the blade root types are complex, and in order to guarantee the laser impact processing quality of the blade parts, reliable positioning is provided, the clamping efficiency is guaranteed, meanwhile, the applicability of the clamp is improved, and the tool cost is reduced, so that the direction is explored.
The patent with the patent publication No. CN 106670651B discloses a combined clamp for laser shock strengthening of a turbine blade, which can effectively bear the positioning and clamping functions of the blade during laser shock, but does not consider the problems of laser shock vibration and deformation of the blade, the patent with the patent publication No. CN 103320579B provides a method and a device for laser shock of an aircraft turbine blade, the method and the device realize the laser shock strengthening of the whole surface of the aircraft turbine blade according to the laser process parameters of each point of the aircraft turbine blade by firstly adopting a concave die and a flexible gasket to support the back of the aircraft turbine blade, secondly adopting a thickness measuring device to measure the corresponding thickness of each point of the aircraft turbine blade, and thirdly adopting the corresponding relation of the material property, the thickness and the laser shock strengthening parameters of the blade, but the method needs to prefabricate the concave die according to the shape of the blade and has, can not be widely applied to blades with different specifications and sizes. The patent with the patent publication number of CN 109022756A provides a method for improving the laser impact precision and efficiency of a weak-rigidity part, UG three-dimensional software is used for analyzing the rigidity of the weak-rigidity part, the impact process is monitored, laser impact parameters are adjusted in real time, and a new method is provided for improving the precision and efficiency of the laser impact on the weak-rigidity part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a deformation inhibiting clamp for laser impact of various blades, which is convenient to operate, can be suitable for clamping and positioning various blade parts (including turbine blades, aero-engine blades and the like) with different blade root forms and installation angles, provides reliable positioning, improves the clamp applicability while ensuring the clamping efficiency, reduces the tool cost, can inhibit vibration and elastic deformation caused by laser impact on the blades, and improves the light impact strengthening precision and the impact efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical means
The utility model provides a deformation suppression anchor clamps for multiple blade laser shock comprises anchor clamps base module, blade root orientation module, blade body clamping module, deformation suppression module four bibliographic categories branch, and blade body clamping module, deformation suppression module, blade root orientation module install in proper order on anchor clamps base module.
The clamp base module comprises a clamp base table, a precision screw, a bearing and a sealing block assembly; the clamp base table is characterized in that two identical T-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface of the clamp base table, a precise screw rod installation cavity is formed in the center of the upper surface of the clamp base table, the precise screw rod is provided with trapezoidal threads, and bearings are installed at two ends of the precise screw rod and are installed in the precise screw rod installation cavity on the clamp base table through sealing blocks.
The blade root positioning module consists of a motor, a blade root positioning device and a positioning module platform. The positioning module platform is matched and connected with the clamp base platform through a T-shaped groove and fixed through a bolt, so that the edges of the positioning module platform and the clamp base platform are aligned, and the matching precision is H7/f 7. The motor is installed on the upper surface of the positioning module table through bolts, and the axial direction of the main shaft is parallel to the axial direction of a screw rod installation cavity of the clamp base table. The main shaft end of the motor is connected with the blade root positioning device and can drive the blade root positioning device to rotate around the axial direction of the blade so as to adapt to different clamping angles.
The blade root positioning device comprises a magnetic positioning block, an engineering plastic clamping block I, an engineering plastic clamping block II, a movable clamping seat I, a movable clamping seat II, a gland, a table ring, a device table, a clamping seat driving disc and a bevel pinion; one end of the device platform is connected with the motor spindle, a cylindrical concave surface is formed at one end of the device platform and used for mounting the clamping seat driving disc, and meanwhile, a mounting hole is formed in the side face of the device platform and used for mounting the bevel pinion. The center of the cassette driving disc is provided with a through hole, one side of the cassette driving disc is provided with an Archimedes spiral slot, and the other side of the cassette driving disc is a bevel gear surface. The clamping seat driving disc is arranged in the cylindrical concave surface of the device table and can rotate around the axial direction, the table ring is sleeved outside the clamping seat driving disc, and the bevel gear surface of the clamping seat driving disc is meshed with the small bevel gear arranged in the mounting hole of the device table. The pressure cover is connected with the platform ring, the platform ring is connected with the device platform through countersunk bolts, rectangular through holes with different lengths are formed below the platform ring and the pressure cover and on two side surfaces of the platform ring to form 3T-shaped grooves, and the magnetic positioning block is arranged in the T-shaped groove below and is fixedly connected with the pressure cover through bolts; the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are arranged in the T-shaped grooves on the left side surface and the right side surface. The tail parts of the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are meshed with the Archimedes spiral grooves of the clamping seat driving disc, the clamping seat driving disc can be driven to rotate through rotating the small bevel gear, and then the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are driven to synchronously approach or separate to the center of the blade root positioning device. The clamping surfaces of the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are respectively provided with a dovetail groove, and the engineering plastic clamping block I and the engineering plastic clamping block II are respectively connected with the dovetail grooves through the dovetail grooves and are fixed on the corresponding movable clamping seats through countersunk bolts.
The engineering plastic clamping block and the magnetic positioning block are matched according to the shape of the blade root, and the method mainly comprises the following two matching schemes: 1. the engineering plastic clamping block is matched and manufactured according to the blade root molded line, and the magnetic positioning block plays a role of positioning a stop pin; 2. the magnetic positioning block is customized according to the blade root profile, and the engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping; for the steam turbine blade, when the blade root is in a T-shaped blade root form, the magnetic positioning block is matched and manufactured according to the blade root profile, and the engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping; when the blade root is in a fork-shaped blade root or a fir-tree blade root, the engineering plastic clamping block is matched and manufactured according to the profile of the blade root, and the engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping; for the arc aviation blade root, the engineering plastic clamping block is processed into an arc shape, and the magnetic positioning block plays a role in positioning the stop pin.
The blade body clamping module comprises a clamp frame, a clamping module moving seat, a locking block, a high-strength flexible belt, a plunger, a cylinder, a gas conveying pipe and a packaging block I; the clamping module moving seat is connected with the clamp base table through a T-shaped groove and can move along the T-shaped groove, the matching precision is H7/f7, and the clamping module moving seat is fixed through a locking bolt. The inside equipartition of clamping module removal seat has single row of cylinder installation cavity, and the cylinder passes through the bolt to be installed in clamping module cylinder installation cavity, and the piston rod axial direction perpendicular to anchor clamps base platform upper surface of cylinder keeps upwards simultaneously, and the plunger bushing is on the piston rod of cylinder, and plunger top end is provided with hemispherical stereoplasm engineering plastics. The packaging block I is fixedly connected with the clamping module moving seat through a bolt and packages the air cylinder; air pipe through holes are uniformly distributed on the packaging block I, the air pipes penetrate through the corresponding through holes to be connected with corresponding air cylinders, and the plungers are adjusted to ascend and descend by driving the air cylinders. The clamp frame is hinged with one end of the clamping module moving seat so as to open the accommodating blade and be locked by a locking block at the other end of the clamping module moving seat. The high-strength flexible belt is made of aramid fiber, and two ends of the high-strength flexible belt are respectively installed at two ends of the clamp frame and are kept tensioned. When the blade is clamped in an auxiliary mode, the lifting of the plunger is controlled to be tightly attached to the shape of the blade. When the plunger is activated, a high strength flexible band is wrapped around the other face of the blade for securing the blade to the plunger mounted to the clamping module. Once the vane shape is set, the plunger is mechanically locked in place and the air supply is disconnected. The blade body clamping module can move along the axial direction of the blade to adapt to the blades with different lengths.
The deformation inhibiting module comprises a movable pedestal, a deformation inhibiting supporting unit, a hydraulic rubber tube, a miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder and a packaging block II; the movable pedestal is connected with the clamp base module through a T-shaped groove. The fitting accuracy was H7/f 7. Meanwhile, the movable pedestal is connected with the precision screw rod through threads, and the precision screw rod is rotated to drive the movable pedestal to move along the T-shaped groove; the inside equipartition of portable pedestal has the pneumatic cylinder installation cavity of single row, and miniature double-acting pneumatic cylinder passes through the bolt and installs in portable pedestal pneumatic cylinder installation cavity, and the piston rod axial direction perpendicular to anchor clamps base bench upper surface of miniature double-acting pneumatic cylinder keeps upwards. The packaging block II is fixedly connected with the movable pedestal through a bolt and is used for packaging the hydraulic cylinder mounting cavity; hydraulic rubber pipe through holes are uniformly distributed on the packaging block II, the hydraulic rubber pipes penetrate through the corresponding through holes to be connected with the corresponding miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinders, and the deformation inhibition supporting unit further comprises a plunger damper and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is wrapped by hemispherical shell-shaped neoprene and is arranged above the plunger damper, and the cylindrical plunger damper is arranged above the piston rod of the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder is controlled to control the whole deformation restraining support unit to lift, and the chloroprene rubber layer is in contact with the blade body. In the laser shock strengthening process of the blade, for adapting to the curved surface shapes of different blades and providing support, the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder continuously drives the deformation inhibiting support unit to float upwards until the pressure sensor senses the pressure of a set value and feeds back the pressure, the deformation inhibiting support unit does not float upwards any more, the light spot of the blade is continuously moved along with laser shock, the deformation inhibiting module continuously moves along the axial direction of the blade and enables the deformation inhibiting support unit to be always supported on the rear surface of a projection area of a laser shock area, and the plunger damper inhibits the vibration of the blade and effectively reduces the elastic deformation of the blade.
The method for clamping the blade comprises the following steps: 1. moving the blade body clamping module according to the length of the blade workpiece to enable the distance between the blade body clamping module and a gland of the blade root positioning device to be equal to the distance between a blade shroud of the blade workpiece and a blade root, namely enabling the blade body clamping module to be located at the position of the blade shroud of the blade during clamping and rotating a locking bolt for fixing, opening a clamp frame and lowering a plunger to the lowest position; 2. according to the shape of the blade workpiece, a motor is started to drive a blade root positioning device to rotate around the axial direction of the blade so as to adapt to different clamping angles; energizing the magnetic positioning block, enabling the blade root of the blade to abut against the magnetic positioning block of the blade root positioning module, and tightly sucking the blade root of the blade for preliminary positioning; rotating the small bevel gear to drive the movable clamping seat to move towards the center of the blade root positioning device so as to further position and clamp the blade; 3. the driving cylinder is closely attached to the shape of the blade by controlling the lifting of the plunger. When the plunger is activated, the clamp frame is locked, with a high strength flexible band wrapped around the other face of the blade for securing the blade to the plunger mounted to the blade body clamping module. Once the vane shape is set, the plunger is mechanically locked in place and the air supply is disconnected. Auxiliary clamping is carried out on the blade; 4. driving the precision screw to enable the deformation inhibiting module to move along the axial direction of the blade, enabling the deformation inhibiting supporting unit to be supported on the rear surface of a laser first impact area on a blade workpiece, and preparing to start laser impact; in the laser shock strengthening process of the blade, in order to adapt to the curved surface shapes of different blades and provide support, the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder continuously drives the deformation inhibiting supporting unit to float upwards until the pressure sensor senses the pressure of a set value and feeds back the pressure, the deformation inhibiting supporting unit does not float upwards any more, the deformation inhibiting supporting unit moves along with the laser shock of the blade, the precision screw rod is driven to enable the deformation inhibiting module to continuously move along the axial direction of the blade and enable the deformation inhibiting supporting unit to be supported below a laser shock area all the time, the plunger damper inhibits the vibration of the blade, and the elastic deformation of the blade is effectively reduced.
The gain effect of the invention is as follows:
(1) according to the deformation inhibiting clamp for laser impact of various blades, the engineering plastic clamping block and the magnetic positioning block in the blade root positioning module are matched according to the shape of the blade root, so that the deformation inhibiting clamp can adapt to different blade root types of blade parts (including steam turbine blades and aero-engine blades) with various specifications, the applicability of the clamp is improved, and the tool cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the magnetic positioning block is electrified to tightly suck the blade root of the blade for preliminary positioning; the clamping mode that the movable clamping seat is driven to move towards the center to further position and clamp the blade is simple to operate, and the clamping efficiency is improved.
(2) According to the deformation inhibiting clamp for laser impact of various blades, the blade body clamping module is used for assisting in clamping the tail end of the blade body, the system rigidity after the blades are clamped is further improved, elastic deformation is reduced, and the deformation inhibiting clamp can adapt to various blade shapes in a mode that a plunger inside a clamp frame is matched with a high-strength flexible belt. The blade body clamping module can move along the axial direction of the blade to adapt to the blades with different lengths.
(3) The invention discloses a deformation inhibiting clamp for laser impact of various blades, wherein a deformation inhibiting module is used for adapting to the curved surface shapes of different blades and providing support, continuously drives a deformation inhibiting and supporting unit to float upwards until a pressure sensor senses a set value pressure and feeds back the set value pressure, the deformation inhibiting and supporting unit does not float upwards any more, the deformation inhibiting module continuously moves along the axial direction of the blades along with the movement of light spots of the laser impact blades and enables the deformation inhibiting and supporting unit to be always supported below a laser impact area, and a plunger damper inhibits the vibration of the blades to effectively reduce the elastic deformation and the vibration of the blades.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a deformation-inhibiting fixture for laser shock of multiple blades;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a fixture base module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a blade root positioning module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a blade body clamping module;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a deformation inhibiting module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a scheme for assembling a certain type of turbine blade, an engineering plastic clamping block and a magnetic positioning block;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a blade of an aircraft engine of a certain type, an engineering plastic clamping block of the blade, and a magnetic positioning block of the blade;
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional configuration of a root locator;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping module moving seat cylinder installation;
fig. 10 is a structural sectional view of the deformation inhibiting support unit.
Reference numerals: 1-clamp base module, 2-blade root positioning module, 3-blade body clamping module, 4-deformation inhibiting module, 11-clamp base table, 12-precision screw rod, 13-bearing, 14-sealing block, 15-locking bolt, 21-motor, 22-blade root positioning device, 23-positioning module table, 201-magnetic positioning block, 202-engineering plastic clamping block I, 203-engineering plastic clamping block II, 204-movable clamping seat I, 205-movable clamping seat II, 206-pressing cover, 207-ring, 208-device table, 209-clamping seat driving disc, 210-bevel pinion, 31-clamp frame, 32-clamping module movable seat, 33-locking block, 34-flexible belt, 35-plunger, 351-hard engineering plastic, 36-air conveying pipe, 37-packaging block I, 38-air cylinder, 381-air cylinder piston rod, 41-movable, 42-deformation inhibiting supporting unit, 421-damping plunger device, 41-damping plunger device, 422-pressure sensor, 423-chloroprene rubber, 43-hydraulic rubber tube, 44-packaging block II, 45-miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder, 451-miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder piston rod, 51-certain type turbine blade and 52-certain type aircraft engine blade.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example (b):
as shown in the figure, the invention is composed of a clamp base module 1, a blade root positioning module 2, a blade body clamping module 3 and a deformation inhibiting module 4; the blade body clamping module 3, the deformation inhibiting module 4 and the blade root positioning module 2 are sequentially arranged on the clamp base module 1
The clamp base module 1 comprises a clamp base table 11, a precision screw 12, a bearing 13 and a sealing block 14; the precision screw 12 is provided with bearings 13 at both ends and is mounted in a precision screw mounting cavity located on the central axis of the fixture base table 11 through a seal block 14. The upper surface of the clamp base table 11 is positioned on two sides of the precision screw mounting cavity and is provided with two identical T-shaped grooves.
The blade root positioning module 2 consists of a motor 21, a blade root positioning device 22 and a positioning module table 23. The positioning module table 23 is matched and connected with the clamp base table 11 through a T-shaped groove and fixed through a bolt, so that the positioning module table 23 is aligned with the edge of the clamp base table 11, and the matching precision is H7/f 7. The motor 21 is mounted on the upper surface of the positioning module table 23 through a bolt, and the axial direction of the main shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the screw mounting cavity of the fixture base table 11. The main shaft end of the motor 21 is connected with the blade root positioning device 22, and can drive the blade root positioning device 22 to rotate around the axial direction of the blade so as to adapt to different clamping angles.
The blade root positioning device 22 comprises a magnetic positioning block 201, an engineering plastic clamping block I202, an engineering plastic clamping block II 203, a movable clamping seat I204, a movable clamping seat II 205, a gland 206, a table ring 207, a mounting table 208, a clamping seat driving disc 209 and a bevel pinion 210 assembly; one end of the assembly table 208 is connected with a motor spindle, a cylindrical concave surface is formed at one end of the assembly table for mounting the clamping seat driving disc 209, and meanwhile, a mounting hole is formed in the upper side surface of the assembly table 208 for mounting the bevel pinion 210. The center of the cassette driving disk 209 is provided with a through hole, one surface of the cassette driving disk is provided with an Archimedes spiral slot, and the other surface is a bevel gear surface. The clamping seat driving disc 209 is arranged in a cylindrical concave surface of the device table 208 and can rotate around the axial direction, meanwhile, a table ring 207 is sleeved outside the clamping seat driving disc 209, and the bevel gear surface of the clamping seat driving disc 209 is meshed with a small bevel gear 210 arranged in a mounting hole of the device table 208. The pressing cover 206 is connected with the table ring 207 through countersunk bolts, the table ring 207 is connected with the device table 208 through countersunk bolts, rectangular through holes with different lengths are formed below the table ring 207 and the pressing cover 206 and on two side faces of the table ring 207 to form 3T-shaped groove shapes, the magnetic positioning block 201 is installed in the T-shaped groove below and is fixedly connected with the pressing cover 206 through bolts, and the movable clamping seat I204 and the movable clamping seat II 205 are installed in the T-shaped grooves on the left side face and the right side face. The tail parts of the movable clamping seat I204 and the movable clamping seat II 205 are meshed with the Archimedes spiral grooves of the clamping seat driving disc 209, the clamping seat driving disc 209 can be driven to rotate through the rotating bevel pinion 210, and then the movable clamping seat I204 and the movable clamping seat II 205 are driven to synchronously approach or separate to the center of the blade root positioning device 22. Clamping surfaces of the movable clamping seat I204 and the movable clamping seat II 205 are respectively provided with a dovetail groove, and the engineering plastic clamping block I202 are respectively connected with the dovetail grooves and fixed on the corresponding movable clamping seats through countersunk bolts.
The blade body clamping module 3 comprises a clamp frame 31, a clamping module moving seat 32, a locking block 33, a high-strength flexible belt 34, a plunger 35, a gas pipe 36, a packaging block I37 and a cylinder 38; the clamping module moving base 32 is connected to the clamp base table 11 through a T-shaped groove and is movable along the T-shaped groove and fixed by a locking bolt. The inside equipartition of clamping module removal seat 32 has single row of cylinder installation cavity, and cylinder 38 passes through the bolt and installs in clamping module 32 cylinder installation cavity, and cylinder piston rod 381 axial direction perpendicular to anchor clamps base platform 11 upper surface keeps upwards simultaneously, and plunger 35 suit is on cylinder piston rod 381, and plunger 35 top end is provided with hemispherical stereoplasm engineering plastics 351. The packaging block I37 is fixedly connected with the clamping module moving seat 32 through a bolt and packages the air cylinder 38; air pipe through holes are uniformly distributed on the packaging block I37, the air pipes 36 penetrate through the corresponding through holes to be connected with the corresponding air cylinders 38, and the plungers 35 can be adjusted to ascend and descend by driving the air cylinders 38. The clamp frame 31 is hinged to the clamp module moving base 32 so as to open the receiving blade and can be locked by the locking block 33. Both ends of the high-strength flexible belt 34 are respectively installed at both ends of the clamp frame 31 and held in tension.
The deformation inhibiting module 4 comprises a movable pedestal 41, a deformation inhibiting support unit 42, a hydraulic rubber tube 43, a packaging block II 44 and a miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder 45; a plurality of deformation inhibiting support units 42 are arranged in a single row and mounted above the movable base 41; the movable table 41 is connected to the jig base module 1 through a T-shaped groove and also connected to a precision screw through a screw, and rotating the precision screw drives the movable table 41 to move along the T-shaped groove. The micro double-acting hydraulic cylinder 45 is mounted in the hydraulic cylinder mounting chamber of the movable pedestal 41 by bolts, and the axial direction of the piston rod of the micro double-acting hydraulic cylinder 45 is kept upward perpendicular to the upper surface of the movable pedestal 41. The packaging block II 44 is fixedly connected with the movable pedestal 41 through a bolt and is used for packaging the hydraulic cylinder mounting cavity; the packaging block II 44 is uniformly provided with through holes of hydraulic rubber hoses 43, the hydraulic rubber hoses 43 penetrate through the corresponding through holes to be connected with the corresponding miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinders 45, and the deformation inhibition supporting unit 42 further comprises a plunger damper 421 and a pressure sensor 422; the pressure sensor 422 is wrapped by a hemispherical shell-shaped neoprene 423 and is installed above the plunger damper 421, and the cylindrical plunger damper 421 is installed above the micro double-acting hydraulic cylinder piston rod 451. The control and control micro double-acting hydraulic cylinder 45 can control the lifting of the whole deformation restraining and supporting unit 42, and the chloroprene rubber 423 layer is in contact with the blade body.
The shapes of the engineering plastic clamping block and the magnetic positioning block 201 are changed according to the actual clamping blade:
1. the engineering plastic clamping block is matched and manufactured according to the blade root molded line, and the magnetic positioning block 201 plays a role of positioning a stop pin;
2. the magnetic positioning block 201 is customized according to the blade root profile, and the engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping.
Taking a certain type of steam turbine blade as an example, the blade root of the certain type of steam turbine blade is wrapped with a double-T-shaped blade root, a magnetic positioning block is matched and manufactured according to the profile of the blade root, and an engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping;
taking a certain type of aircraft engine blade as an example, the engineering plastic clamping block is processed into an arc shape, and the magnetic positioning block 201 plays a role of positioning a stop pin.
The method for clamping the blade comprises the following steps:
1. moving the blade body clamping module 3 to the blade shroud position according to the blade length, locking, opening the clamp frame 31, and descending the plunger 35 to the lowest position; and (3) moving the blade body clamping module 3 according to the length of the blade workpiece to enable the distance between the blade body clamping module 3 and the gland 206 of the blade root positioning device 22 to be equal to the distance between the blade shroud of the blade workpiece and the blade root, namely enabling the blade body clamping module 3 to be located at the position of the blade shroud of the blade during clamping and rotating the locking bolt 15 for fixing, opening the clamp frame 31 and simultaneously lowering the plunger 35 to the lowest position.
2. According to the shape of the blade workpiece, starting a motor 21 and driving a blade root positioning device 22 to rotate around the axial direction of the blade so as to adapt to different clamping angles; energizing the magnetic positioning block 201, abutting the blade root on the magnetic positioning block 201 of the blade root positioning module 2, and tightly sucking the blade root for preliminary positioning; the small bevel gear 210 is rotated to drive the movable clamping seat to move towards the center of the blade root positioning device 22 so as to further position and clamp the blade.
3. The cylinder 38 is driven to closely fit the profile of the blade by controlling the elevation of the plunger 35. When the plunger 35 is activated, the clamp frame 31 is locked, with the high strength flexible strip 34 wrapped around the other side of the blade for securing the blade to the plunger 35 mounted to the blade clamping module 3. Once the vane shape is set, the plunger 35 is mechanically locked in place and the air supply is disconnected. And (5) performing auxiliary clamping on the blade.
4. Driving the precision screw 12 to enable the deformation suppression module 4 to move along the axial direction of the blade, and enabling the deformation suppression supporting unit 42 to be supported on the rear surface of the projection area of the laser primary impact area to prepare for starting laser impact; in the laser shock strengthening process of the blade, in order to adapt to the curved surface shapes of different blades and provide support, the micro double-acting hydraulic cylinder 45 continuously drives the deformation inhibiting support unit 42 to float upwards until the pressure sensor 422 senses the set value pressure and feeds back the set value pressure, the deformation inhibiting support unit 42 does not float upwards any more, the precise screw 12 is driven to enable the deformation inhibiting module 4 to continuously move along the axial direction of the blade and enable the deformation inhibiting support unit 42 to be supported below a laser shock area all the time along with the movement of laser shock blade light spots, the plunger damper 421 inhibits the vibration of the blade, and the elastic deformation of the blade is effectively reduced.
Claims (7)
1. The deformation inhibiting clamp for the laser impact of various blades is characterized by comprising a clamp base module, a blade root positioning module, a blade body clamping module and a deformation inhibiting module, wherein the blade body clamping module, the deformation inhibiting module and the blade root positioning module are sequentially arranged on the clamp base module;
the clamp base module comprises a clamp base table, a precision screw, a bearing and a sealing block assembly; the upper surface of the clamp base table is provided with two identical T-shaped grooves, the center of the upper surface of the clamp base table is provided with a precision screw mounting cavity, the precision screw uses trapezoidal threads, and two ends of the precision screw are provided with bearings and are mounted in the precision screw mounting cavity on the clamp base table through sealing blocks;
the blade root positioning module consists of a motor, a blade root positioning device and a positioning module platform; the positioning module platform is matched and connected with the clamp base platform through a T-shaped groove and fixed through a bolt, the motor is installed on the upper surface of the positioning module platform through a bolt, and the axial direction of the main shaft is parallel to the axial direction of a screw rod installation cavity of the clamp base platform; the main shaft end of the motor is connected with the blade root positioning device and can drive the blade root positioning device to rotate around the axial direction of the blade so as to adapt to different clamping angles;
the blade body clamping module comprises a clamp frame, a clamping module moving seat, a locking block, a high-strength flexible belt, a plunger, a cylinder, a gas conveying pipe and a packaging block I; the clamping module moving seat is connected with the clamp base table through a T-shaped groove, can move along the T-shaped groove and is fixed through a locking bolt; a single-row cylinder mounting cavity is uniformly distributed in the clamping module moving seat, the cylinders are mounted in the clamping module cylinder mounting cavities through bolts, meanwhile, the axial direction of a piston rod of each cylinder is perpendicular to the upper surface of the clamp base table and is kept upward, the plunger is sleeved on the piston rod of each cylinder, and the tail end of the top of the plunger is provided with hemispherical hard engineering plastics; the packaging block I is fixedly connected with the clamping module moving seat through a bolt and packages the air cylinder; air pipe through holes are uniformly distributed on the packaging block I, the air pipes penetrate through the corresponding through holes to be connected with corresponding air cylinders, and the plungers are adjusted to ascend and descend by driving the air cylinders; the clamp frame is hinged with one end of the clamping module moving seat so as to open the accommodating blade and be locked by a locking block positioned at the other end of the clamping module moving seat; the two ends of the high-strength flexible part are respectively arranged at the two ends of the clamp frame and are kept tensioned; the blade body clamping module can move along the axial direction of the blade and is suitable for the blades with different lengths;
the deformation inhibiting module comprises a movable pedestal, a deformation inhibiting supporting unit, a hydraulic rubber tube, a miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder and a packaging block II; the movable pedestal is connected with the clamp base module through a T-shaped groove and simultaneously connected with the precision screw rod through threads, and the movable pedestal can be driven to move along the T-shaped groove by rotating the precision screw rod; single-row hydraulic cylinder installation cavities are uniformly distributed in the movable pedestal, the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder is installed in the hydraulic cylinder installation cavity of the movable pedestal through bolts, and the axial direction of a piston rod of the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder is vertical to the upper surface of the clamp pedestal and is kept upward; the packaging block II is fixedly connected with the movable pedestal through a bolt and is used for packaging the hydraulic cylinder mounting cavity; hydraulic rubber pipe through holes are uniformly distributed on the packaging block II, the hydraulic rubber pipes penetrate through the corresponding through holes to be connected with the corresponding miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinders, and the deformation inhibition supporting unit further comprises a plunger damper and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is wrapped by hemispherical shell-shaped neoprene and is arranged above the plunger damper, and the cylindrical plunger damper is arranged above the piston rod of the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder; the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder is controlled to control the whole deformation restraining support unit to lift, and the chloroprene rubber layer is in contact with the blade body.
2. The deformation-suppressing jig for laser shock of multiple blades as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning module stage, the clamping module moving base and the movable pedestal are all connected by fitting with the jig base stage through T-shaped grooves with a fitting accuracy of H7/f7, and the positioning module stage is aligned with the edge of the jig base stage; the clamping module moving seat is fixed on the clamp base platform through a locking bolt.
3. The deformation inhibiting clamp for laser shock of multiple blades as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blade root positioning device comprises a magnetic positioning block, an engineering plastic clamping block I, an engineering plastic clamping block II, a movable clamping seat I, a movable clamping seat II, a gland, a ring, a mounting table, a clamping seat driving disc and a bevel pinion; one end of the device platform is connected with the motor spindle, a cylindrical concave surface is formed at one end of the device platform and used for mounting the clamping seat driving disc, and meanwhile, a mounting hole is formed in the side surface of the device platform and used for mounting a small bevel gear; the center of the cassette driving disc is provided with a through hole, one surface of the cassette driving disc is provided with an Archimedes spiral wire groove, and the other surface of the cassette driving disc is a bevel gear surface; the clamping seat driving disc is arranged in the cylindrical concave surface of the device table and can rotate around the axial direction, the table ring is sleeved outside the clamping seat driving disc, and the bevel gear surface of the clamping seat driving disc is meshed with the small bevel gear arranged in the mounting hole of the device table; the pressure cover is connected with the platform ring, the platform ring is connected with the device platform through countersunk bolts, rectangular through holes with different lengths are formed below the platform ring and the pressure cover and on two side surfaces of the platform ring to form 3T-shaped grooves, and the magnetic positioning block is arranged in the T-shaped groove below and is fixedly connected with the pressure cover through bolts; the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are arranged in the T-shaped grooves on the left side surface and the right side surface; the tail parts of the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are meshed with the Archimedes spiral grooves of the clamping seat driving disc, the clamping seat driving disc can be driven to rotate through the rotating bevel pinion, and then the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are driven to synchronously approach or separate to the center of the blade root positioning device; the clamping surfaces of the movable clamping seat I and the movable clamping seat II are respectively provided with a dovetail groove, and the engineering plastic clamping block I and the engineering plastic clamping block II are respectively connected with the dovetail grooves through the dovetail grooves and are fixed on the corresponding movable clamping seats through countersunk bolts.
4. The deformation-inhibiting clamp for laser shock of multiple blades of claim 3, wherein the engineering plastic clamping block and the magnetic positioning block are matched according to the shape of the blade root, and the method comprises the following two matching schemes: 1. the engineering plastic clamping block is matched and manufactured according to the blade root molded line, and the magnetic positioning block plays a role of positioning a stop pin; 2. the magnetic positioning block is customized according to the blade root profile, and the engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping.
5. The clamp for suppressing laser shock deformation of multiple blades according to claim 4, wherein for a steam turbine blade, when the blade root is in the form of a T-shaped blade root, the magnetic positioning block is matched according to the profile of the blade root, and the engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping; when the blade root is in a fork-shaped blade root or a fir-tree blade root, the engineering plastic clamping block is matched and manufactured according to the profile of the blade root, and the engineering plastic clamping block plays a role in auxiliary positioning and clamping; for the arc aviation blade root, the engineering plastic clamping block is processed into an arc shape, and the magnetic positioning block plays a role in positioning the stop pin.
6. The deformation-inhibiting clamp for multiple blade laser impacts of claim 1, wherein the high-strength flexible band is made of aramid.
7. The method for clamping the blade by using the clamp as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) moving the blade body clamping module according to the length of the blade workpiece to enable the distance between the blade body clamping module and a gland of the blade root positioning device to be equal to the distance between a blade shroud of the blade workpiece and a blade root, namely enabling the blade body clamping module to be located at the position of the blade shroud of the blade during clamping and rotating a locking bolt for fixing, opening a clamp frame and lowering a plunger to the lowest position;
(2) according to the shape of the blade workpiece, a motor is started to drive a blade root positioning device to rotate around the axial direction of the blade so as to adapt to different clamping angles; energizing the magnetic positioning block, enabling the blade root of the blade to abut against the magnetic positioning block of the blade root positioning module, and tightly sucking the blade root of the blade for preliminary positioning; rotating the small bevel gear to drive the movable clamping seat to move towards the center of the blade root positioning device so as to further position and clamp the blade;
(3) the driving cylinder is tightly attached to the shape of the blade by controlling the lifting of the plunger, and when the plunger is activated, the clamp frame is locked, so that the high-strength flexible belt is wound on the other surface of the blade and is used for fixing the blade on the plunger arranged on the blade body clamping module; once the shape of the blade is set, the plunger is mechanically locked in place, the air supply is also disconnected, and the blade is clamped in an auxiliary manner;
(4) driving the precision screw to enable the deformation inhibiting module to move along the axial direction of the blade, enabling the deformation inhibiting supporting unit to be supported on the rear surface of a laser first impact area on a blade workpiece, and preparing to start laser impact; in the laser shock strengthening process of the blade, in order to adapt to the curved surface shapes of different blades and provide support, the miniature double-acting hydraulic cylinder continuously drives the deformation inhibiting supporting unit to float upwards until the pressure sensor senses the pressure of a set value and feeds back the pressure, the deformation inhibiting supporting unit does not float upwards any more, the deformation inhibiting supporting unit moves along with the laser shock of the blade, the precision screw rod is driven to enable the deformation inhibiting module to continuously move along the axial direction of the blade and enable the deformation inhibiting supporting unit to be supported below a laser shock area all the time, the plunger damper inhibits the vibration of the blade, and the elastic deformation of the blade is effectively reduced.
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| CN112091657B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-12-10 | 中国航发航空科技股份有限公司 | Clamp for machining blade shroud of engine blade and machining method of engine blade |
| CN113798478B (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-06-20 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Tool and method for reducing hot isostatic pressing deformation of investment casting turbine blade |
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