CN110611851B

CN110611851B - Single-directional microphone

Info

Publication number: CN110611851B
Application number: CN201911023345.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭在康; 铁广朋; 赵忠旭
Original assignee: Goertek Techology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Goertek Techology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-25
Also published as: CN110611851A

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-direction microphone, which comprises a microphone unit, an inner shell, an outer shell and an end cover, wherein the outer shell is positioned on the outer circumferential side of the inner shell, the inner shell is provided with a cavity, the cavity is divided into a front cavity and a rear cavity by the microphone unit, the end cover partially extends into the front cavity and is arranged at one end of the inner shell and the outer shell to seal the front cavity, the single-direction microphone is provided with a front sound inlet hole and a front sound outlet hole which are communicated with the outside air and the front cavity, and the single-direction microphone is also provided with a rear sound inlet hole and a rear sound outlet hole which are communicated with the outside air and the rear cavity. The invention is used for solving the problem of poor unidirectional performance of the unidirectional microphone in the prior art.

Description

Single-directional microphone

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microphones, and particularly relates to a unidirectional microphone.

Background

The directivity of the microphone refers to that the microphone picks up sound from different directions, and is generally divided into omni-directivity and unidirectional directivity, and the omni-directivity is the characteristic of omni-directional sound collection, namely, the sound collection sensitivity of any direction of the microphone, front, back, left and right, is almost the same; the unidirectional direction is the deepest unresponsive region at 180 degrees in the opposite direction, so that the sound signals coming from the back of the sound head are not picked up at all, and the sound picking effect is the best when the unidirectional direction is opposite to the microphone at 0 degree.

An operator often configures a special telephone traffic headset, the surrounding environment of the operator is mostly noisy, the microphone in the telephone traffic headset is pointed to be a single-pointed type, as shown in fig. 1, which shows a part of the structural assembly of the existing single-pointed microphone, as shown in fig. 1, the single-pointed microphone mainly comprises a microphone unit 10, an inner housing 20, an outer housing 30 located at the outer circumferential side of the inner housing 20, and an end cover 40, the inner housing 20 forms a cavity 21, the cavity 21 is separated into a front cavity 211 and a rear cavity 212 by the microphone unit 10, the end cover 40 partially extends into the front cavity 211 and is arranged at one end of the inner housing 20 and the outer housing 30 to seal the front cavity 211, the front cavity 211 is provided with a front sound inlet 50 communicated with the outside air, and the rear cavity 212 is provided with a rear sound inlet 60 communicated with the outside air, when assembling, the microphone unit 10 is fixed and assembled in place by the inner housing 20, and sealed with foam (not labeled) such that the front cavity 211 and the rear cavity 212 are completely isolated, and the inner housing 20 is fitted over the outer housing 30 and capped at one end with the end cap 40, completing the assembly.

Referring to fig. 1 again, the unidirectional microphone with the structure has sound paths (i) and (ii), and the directional performance of the microphone unit is determined by the instantaneous sound difference between the sound paths (i) and (ii), but because of the size difference and the assembly difference of the structural parts, sound leakage is easily formed between the structural parts, and sound leakage from the sound paths (iii), (iv), (v) and (iv) indirectly changes the volumes of the front cavity 211 and the rear cavity 212, and the leakage is unstable, so that the unidirectional performance is discrete, such as the polar coordinate diagram of unidirectional shown in fig. 2.

The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the application and therefore it may comprise prior art that does not constitute known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a unidirectional microphone, which is used for solving the problem of poor unidirectional performance of the unidirectional microphone caused by assembly in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme for solving the problems:

the utility model provides a single directional microphone, includes microphone unit, interior casing, is located the outer shell body and the end cover of the outer circumference side of inner shell, interior casing is formed with the cavity, the cavity by the microphone unit separates into preceding cavity and back cavity, the end cover part stretches into preceding cavity, setting are in the one end of interior casing and shell body is in the shutoff preceding cavity, offer on the single directional microphone be used for the intercommunication outside air with the preceding sound hole of going into of preceding cavity to and be used for the intercommunication outside air with the back sound hole of going into of back cavity, its characterized in that, still seted up on the single directional microphone: the front sound leakage hole is used for communicating the outside air with the front cavity; and the rear sound leakage hole is used for communicating the outside air with the rear cavity.

In the above single directional microphone, the opening direction of the front sound inlet hole is parallel to the opening direction of the front sound outlet hole, and the opening direction of the rear sound inlet hole is parallel to the opening direction of the rear sound outlet hole.

In the above single directional microphone, the cross section of the front sound inlet hole and/or the front sound outlet hole is circular or elliptical, and the cross section of the rear sound inlet hole and/or the rear sound outlet hole is circular or elliptical.

In the above single directional microphone, the front sound inlet hole is covered with a first damping mesh, and/or the front sound outlet hole is covered with a second damping mesh, and/or the rear sound inlet hole is covered with a third damping mesh, and/or the rear sound outlet hole is covered with a fourth damping mesh.

As for the single-directional microphone, the damping mesh cloth is adhered to the corresponding hole through the double-sided adhesive layer.

When the cross-section of the front sound vent and the rear sound vent is circular, the cross-sectional area of the front sound vent and the rear sound vent is about 0.07mm²~0.2mm²。

In the above single directional microphone, the front sound release hole is formed near the front sound inlet hole, and the rear sound release hole is formed near the rear sound inlet hole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the unidirectional performance is discrete and the performance is poor due to the matching size difference and the assembly difference between the structural members of the existing unidirectional microphone, and the influence of sound leakage caused by the assembly difference on the volume change of the front cavity and the rear cavity is reduced by arranging the front sound leakage hole for communicating the outside air with the front cavity and the rear sound leakage hole for communicating the outside air with the rear cavity, so that the unidirectional performance is improved, and the consistency of microphone products is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art assembled partial structure assembly of a single directional microphone;

fig. 2 is a polar diagram of a unidirectional test performed on the unidirectional microphone shown in fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is an assembled schematic view of a portion of the structural components of the single directional microphone of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a polar diagram of a unidirectional test performed on the unidirectional microphone shown in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to overcome the problem of poor unidirectional performance of the conventional unidirectional microphone shown in fig. 1 due to assembly differences, as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a unidirectional microphone, which includes a microphone unit 10, an inner housing 20, an outer housing 30 located at the outer circumferential side of the inner housing 20, and an end cap 40, wherein the inner housing 20 is formed with a cavity 21, the cavity 21 is partitioned into a front cavity 211 and a rear cavity 212 by the microphone unit 10, the end cap 40 partially extends into the front cavity 211 and is disposed at one end of the inner housing 20 and the outer housing 30 to seal the front cavity 211, the unidirectional microphone is provided with a front sound inlet hole 50 communicating with the front cavity 211 and a front sound outlet hole 70 communicating with the front cavity 211 and communicating with the outside air, and the rear cavity 212 is provided with a rear sound inlet hole 60 communicating with the outside air and a rear sound outlet hole 80 communicating with the outside air and the rear cavity 212.

In the present embodiment, a damping mesh (not labeled) may be selectively disposed at the front sound inlet holes 50 and/or the rear sound inlet holes 60 or the air permeability of the damping mesh is changed to assist in adjusting the sound resistance to the front cavity 211 and/or the sound resistance to the rear cavity 212, and the damping mesh may be adhered to the front sound inlet holes 50 and the rear sound inlet holes 60 by a double-sided adhesive layer, but may be adhered to the front sound inlet holes 50 and the rear sound inlet holes 60 by other means, such as injection molding. In general, the front sound inlet 50 and the rear sound inlet 60 have a circular, oval, or quasi-circular shape such as an oblate shape in cross section. A front sound vent 70 communicated with the front cavity 211 is formed at a position close to the front sound inlet 50, a rear sound vent 80 communicated with the rear cavity 212 is formed at a position close to the rear sound inlet 60, and a damping mesh (not labeled) or the size of the air permeability of the damping mesh can be selectively arranged at the front sound vent 70 and/or the rear sound vent 80 for assisting in adjusting the sound resistance to the front cavity 211 and the sound resistance to the rear cavity 212.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, in order not to affect the directivity, the opening direction of the front sound vent 70 is parallel to the opening direction of the front sound inlet 50, and the opening length is the same, and the opening direction of the rear sound inlet 60 is parallel to the opening direction of the rear sound vent 80, and the opening length is the same; wherein the front sound discharging hole 70 and the rear sound discharging hole 80 have a circular, oval or quasi-circular shape such as an oblate shape in cross section. In this way, the sound leakage into the front cavity 211 through the front sound inlet hole 50 is reduced due to the presence of the front sound outlet hole 70, and the sound leakage into the rear cavity 212 through the rear sound inlet hole 60 is reduced due to the presence of the rear sound outlet hole 80, and the unidirectional performance of the microphone is adjusted in combination with the damping mesh cloth provided on the front sound inlet hole 50, the rear sound inlet hole 60, the front sound outlet hole 70, and the rear sound outlet hole 80. In this embodiment, a front sound venting hole 70 with a diameter of 0.3mm is added to the front cavity 211 and a rear sound venting hole 80 with a diameter of 0.3mm is added to the rear cavity 212, and a microphone unidirectional test is also performed under the condition that the result of fig. 2 is obtained through the test, so as to obtain fig. 4, and it can be easily seen from the polar coordinate diagram of unidirectional direction shown in fig. 4 that the addition of the front sound venting hole 70 and the rear sound venting hole 80 improves the directional performance of the microphone, reduces the influence caused by product assembly differences, makes the directional performance of the microphone products consistent under different frequencies, and improves the product consistency.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a single directional microphone, includes microphone unit, interior casing, is located the outer shell body and the end cover of the outer circumference side of inner shell, interior casing is formed with the cavity, the cavity by the microphone unit separates into preceding cavity and back cavity, the end cover part stretches into preceding cavity, setting are in the one end of interior casing and shell body is in the shutoff preceding cavity, offer on the single directional microphone be used for the intercommunication outside air with the preceding sound hole of going into of preceding cavity to and be used for the intercommunication outside air with the back sound hole of going into of back cavity, its characterized in that, still seted up on the single directional microphone:

the front sound leakage hole is used for communicating outside air with the front cavity, and the opening direction of the front sound inlet hole is parallel to the opening direction of the front sound leakage hole;

and the rear sound leakage hole is used for communicating the outside air with the rear cavity, and the opening direction of the rear sound leakage hole is parallel to the opening direction of the rear sound leakage hole.

2. The microphone of claim 1, wherein the front sound inlet hole and/or the front sound outlet hole has a circular or elliptical cross-section, and the rear sound inlet hole and/or the rear sound outlet hole has a circular or elliptical cross-section.

3. The unidirectional microphone of claim 1 or 2, wherein the front sound inlet hole is covered with a first damping mesh, and/or the front sound outlet hole is covered with a second damping mesh, and/or the rear sound inlet hole is covered with a third damping mesh, and/or the rear sound outlet hole is covered with a fourth damping mesh.

4. The unidirectional microphone of claim 3, wherein the damping mesh is adhered to the corresponding hole by a double-sided adhesive layer.

5. The single directional microphone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the front and rear sound-discharging holes have a circular cross-section, the cross-sectional area of the front and rear sound-discharging holes is 0.07mm²~0.2mm²。

6. The single directional microphone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the front sound release hole is opened near the front sound entrance hole, and the rear sound release hole is opened near the rear sound entrance hole.