CN110611245A - Recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method and device - Google Patents
Recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110611245A CN110611245A CN201910984207.XA CN201910984207A CN110611245A CN 110611245 A CN110611245 A CN 110611245A CN 201910984207 A CN201910984207 A CN 201910984207A CN 110611245 A CN110611245 A CN 110611245A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/46—Means for providing an external arc-discharge path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
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Abstract
The invention discloses a recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method and device, belonging to the technical field of lightning protection and arc extinguishing. The invention can improve the safety of the lightning protection device because it is realized by blocking the injection of the electric arc. The safety capability of the power system is improved; the improvement of the arc extinguishing capability of the device reduces the probability of short circuit of the power system, all flashover points can be effectively stopped before various natural disturbances occur, the flashover points are eliminated before the power system is subjected to malignant mutation, and the cost performance of lightning protection is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection and arc extinction, in particular to a recoil compression combined arc extinction method and device.
Background
Lightning strike can bring different forms of damage and destruction to electric power facilities, and thundercloud discharge can cause lightning strike overvoltage in an electric power system, and the lightning strike overvoltage is divided into direct lightning strike overvoltage and induced lightning strike overvoltage. Lightning overvoltage can damage insulators and power transmission lines; the line insulator flashover is caused by impact flashover caused by lightning strike on the transmission line, and then large power frequency follow current is generated to damage the insulator string and hardware fittings, so that line accidents are caused; lightning strikes on a power transmission line or a lightning conductor can cause strand breakage and even breakage, so that power transmission work cannot be carried out.
The existing 'dredging type' lightning protection mode mainly installs parallel protection gaps at two ends of an insulator (string), has simple structure and convenient installation, but can only cut off short-circuit current by relying on a breaker because the arc extinguishing function module is not arranged, so that the short-circuit current continuously flows into a system, the accident rate is converted from the trip rate, the lightning trip rate is improved to a certain extent, and huge safety accidents of a line are easily caused. Meanwhile, due to the ablation effect of the short-circuit current, the parallel protection gap insulation matching fails, and the application function is lost.
The electric field of the existing active arc extinguishing parallel gap is mostly an extremely uneven electric field, the volt-second characteristic of the electric field is very steep, and the electric field is difficult to be well matched with the volt-second characteristic of protected insulation. In the traditional insulation fit, if the insulation fit ratio is further reduced, namely the distance of the parallel gap is shortened, the static breakdown voltage of the parallel gap is set to be too low, so that the active arc-extinguishing device frequently acts under the internal overvoltage, even under the working overvoltage.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems, a recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method and a recoil compression combined arc extinguishing device, which solve the technical problems in the background technology.
A recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the top end of the recoil pipe is provided with a recoil pipe, the bottom of the recoil pipe is provided with a plurality of compression pipes which are arranged in a surrounding way, the top end of the recoil pipe is provided with an arc striking electrode, and the bottom of the recoil pipe is provided with a recoil electrode;
step 2: when the lightning flashover arc is close to the recoil pipe, the physical touch, coulomb force action or point discharge of the arc striking electrode to the flashover arc forms an ascending pilot, the arc is drawn to the inlet of the recoil pipe, and the outer arc enters the recoil pipe under the attraction action of the recoil electrode;
and step 3: the arc column is filled in the backflushing pipe by the narrow pipe, the arc generates elastic deformation, the radial deformation of the arc is changed into axial deformation, meanwhile, the inlet arc and the outlet arc generate 180-degree opposite impact collision in the pipe, channels of arc radiation, convection, conduction and loss are cut off, heat dissipation is blocked, and the temperature in the pipe is rapidly increased;
and 4, step 4: the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the recoil pipe is increased, the pressure difference is also increased, the directional electric arc explosion effect from inside to outside is generated in the recoil pipe, and the explosion effect causes the electric arc discharge: on the one hand, the arc in the tube is rapidly evacuated; on the other hand, the outer arc cavity effect blocks the injection of the energy of the outer arc;
and 5: the rest of the arc which is not extinguished enters the compression pipe through the arc striking function of the compression pipe, and the energy of the rest of the arc which is not extinguished is further weakened after the arc which is not extinguished is compressed and recoiled through the plurality of compression pipes which are arranged in a surrounding mode, and finally the arc is completely extinguished.
Further, in the step 1, a plurality of compression pipes arranged in a surrounding mode are sequentially connected end to end, a nozzle is arranged at the joint, and a lightning receiving electrode is arranged on the inner side of the nozzle to conduct electric arcs.
Further, the compression pipe includes compression body and compression electrode, and the compression body is established to inside cavity, both ends open-ended tubular structure, and the sealed setting of compression electrode is in the compression body.
Further, the specific process of step 3 is as follows:
when the electric arc enters the inlet of the back-flushing pipe, the physical shape is changed firstly, the thick electric arc is changed into the thin electric arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the spraying speed of the electric arc back-flushing pipe is accelerated due to the back-flushing effect of the narrow pipe;
after the electric arc is thinned, the cross section area of the electric arc is reduced, the electric arc resistance can be greatly increased, the energy of the recoil pipe body can be enhanced, and the convergence temperature in the recoil pipe can be increased;
when the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.
Further, the compression recoil process of the step 5 is as follows:
when the electric arc enters the compression pipe, the electric arc is compressed and bent by the recoil section in the front half section of the compression pipe, an axial pressure gradient is generated in the recoil section, a part of electric arc is sprayed out from the recoil section to the outside, the inflection point of the electric arc is blown and pulled, the electric arc is stretched and refined again, the electric arc is blown out more easily and is not re-combusted, and the other part of electric arc is transmitted to the acceleration section by a compression electrode in the compression pipe;
the electric arc is accelerated and conducted in the accelerating section, one part of the electric arc is sprayed out from the tail end of the accelerating section, the other part of the electric arc is conducted into the recoil section of the next compression tube from the lightning electrode, and the process is repeated until the electric arc is extinguished.
The utility model provides a recoil compression combination arc control device, includes the supporter, and the outside of supporter is provided with a plurality of shirt rim, and the top of supporter is provided with the recoil device, is provided with multi-stage compression device in the supporter, the recoil device is connected with multi-stage compression device.
Furthermore, the recoil device comprises a recoil pipe, an arc striking electrode and a recoil electrode, the recoil pipe is of an internal hollow pipe structure, the arc striking electrode is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the recoil pipe, and the recoil electrode is arranged at the bottom of the recoil pipe in a sealing mode.
Furthermore, the recoil pipe is made of a non-conductive material which is high in strength, high temperature resistant and high pressure resistant, is made of alloy ceramic, rare earth ceramic, graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating material, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass or organic glass, and the inner diameter of the recoil pipe is properly increased along with the increase of the voltage grade of the power transmission line;
the arc striking electrode and the recoil electrode are both made of conductive materials, the arc striking electrode is a conductive metal ring, and the outer side wall of the conductive metal ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the upper section opening of the recoil pipe.
Further, multistage compression device includes a plurality of compression pipe, and a plurality of compression pipe encircles and sets up in the supporter, and a plurality of compression pipe end to end is in proper order nonparallel to be connected, and the compression pipe is provided with spout and outside intercommunication with the junction of compression pipe, and the inboard of spout is provided with and connects dodges the electrode.
Further, one or more than one skirt is arranged between the two nozzles.
The back-flushing pipe is positioned at the top end of the device and is a semi-closed pipe fitting with a hollow interior, the closed end of the back-flushing pipe is closed by a metal lightning receiving electrode, and an arc striking electrode made of metal materials is arranged at the port of the open end of the back-flushing pipe to draw an electric arc. The material of the wall of the backflushing pipe needs to be high-strength, high-temperature and high-pressure resistant insulating material, such as ceramic and the like.
The lower part of the recoil pipe is connected with a plurality of sections of compression pipes, the pipe walls of the compression pipes are made of high-strength high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant insulating materials, the middle parts of the inner parts of each section of the compression pipe are provided with arc striking units, the arc striking units are made of metal arc guide materials, and the inner space of each compression pipe is divided into two parts by the arc striking units. After the electric arc enters the compression pipe, a recoil arc extinguishing process also occurs in the front half section space (recoil section) of the compression pipe, so that the electric arc energy is weakened; the electric arc is limited by the pipe wall in the space (accelerating section) of the rear half section of the compression pipe, the electric arc speed is accelerated, and the electric arc is sprayed out from the nozzle. The multiple sections of compression pipes are arranged in a space spiral shape in a staggered mode, and arc nozzles are arranged at the connecting inflection point of each two sections of compression pipes. The structure of the multi-section compression pipe is supported by the support body, the compression pipe is embedded in the support body, and the arc nozzle is arranged on the surface of the support body. In order to prevent the arc from flashover outside the arc extinguishing device, the arc passes through a designated channel and restricts the development path of the arc, and a skirt is arranged outside the support body. In order to avoid the restrike of the electric arc at the adjacent nozzle in the vertical direction of the arc extinguishing device, at least one skirt edge is arranged between the two electric arc nozzles in the same vertical direction. The bottom end of the arc extinguishing device is provided with a fixed screw, and the arc extinguishing device can be connected to a cross arm of a tower through the screw and is connected to one side of the insulator in parallel or connected to two ends of the insulator in parallel.
When electric arc passed through arc control device's multistage compression pipe, because there are a plurality of inflection points in the electric arc route for electric arc produces a plurality of breakpoints simultaneously, realizes synchronous segmentation and extinguishes electric arc. Because the arc flashover speed in the arc extinguishing device is very fast, the recoil arc extinguishing process and the compression arc extinguishing process of the arc extinguishing device can be considered to synchronously occur at the same time.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
1. the arc plasma is elastically deformed. When the arc plasma enters the inlet of the back flushing pipe, the physical shape is changed firstly, a coarse arc is changed into an ultrafine arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the spraying speed is accelerated during the arc back flushing due to the back flushing effect of the narrow pipe.
2. The arc temperature rise effect is exacerbated. After the electric arc is thinned, the cross-sectional area of the electric arc is reduced according to the formulaThe arc resistance will rise substantially. Because the lightning arc often serves as a constant current source in practical experience work, according to the formula W ═ I2Xrat indicates that the total energy increases and the packing temperature in the recoil tube increases, although the impact time is only a few microseconds.
3. The pressure explosion effect increases sharply. When the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.
4. When the impact electric arc enters the multi-section compression pipe, the impact electric arc is strongly compressed and bent by the compression pipe, an extremely high axial pressure gradient is generated in the pipe, the electric arc is sprayed out from the compression pipe to the outside, the inflection point of the electric arc is blown and drawn, and the electric arc is stretched and refined again, so that the electric arc is blown out more easily and is not re-combusted.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention can improve the safety of the lightning protection device because it is realized by blocking the injection of the electric arc.
2. The safety capability of the power system is improved; the improvement of the arc extinguishing capability of the device reduces the probability of short circuit of the power system, all flashover points can be effectively stopped before various natural disturbances occur, the flashover points are eliminated before the power system is subjected to malignant mutation, and the cost performance of lightning protection is improved.
3. Simple structure, reasonable in design, the arc extinguishing ability is stronger, and work is more reliable and more stable. The recoil pipe weakens the impact flashover electric arc at first, and then the route of electric arc has not only been effectively injectd in the setting of multistage compression pipe, and guarantee electric arc is through tensile expansion many times, makes electric arc form the multiple break point through indulge blowing horizontal blow matched with mode, increases at the electric arc inflection point (the electric arc is the weakest place) and violently blows and to make electric arc extinguish rapidly and have extremely strong ability of restraining electric arc restrike.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the compression tube helix of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the compression tube of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the external structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the arc structure at the inflection point and adjacent compression tubes of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a back-flushing principle view of the back-flushing pipe of the present invention.
Numbering in the figures: 1-support body, 2-compression tube, 3-nozzle, 4-skirt edge, 5-screw, 6-recoil tube, 7-arc-striking electrode, 8-recoil electrode, 9-compression electrode, 10-lightning electrode, A-recoil section and B-acceleration section.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1, a recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method according to the present invention includes the steps of:
step 1: the top end of the recoil pipe 6 is provided with a recoil pipe, the bottom of the recoil pipe 6 is provided with a plurality of compression pipes 2 which are arranged in a surrounding way, the top end of the recoil pipe 6 is provided with an arc striking electrode 7, and the bottom of the recoil pipe is provided with a recoil electrode 8.
A plurality of is encircleed compression pipe 2 that sets up and is connected gradually end to end, and the junction is provided with spout 3, and the inboard of spout 3 is provided with and connects dodge electrode 10 conduction electric arc. The compression pipe 2 comprises a compression pipe body and a compression electrode 9, the compression pipe body is arranged to be hollow, the two ends of the compression pipe body are open, and the compression electrode 9 is arranged in the compression pipe body in a sealing mode.
The recoil pipe 6 is used for introducing electric arcs, then the electric arcs are recoiled for the first time, the electric arcs are weakened in the first step, and 180-degree recoil is achieved through the recoiling, so that the electric arcs entering the back can be effectively weakened, or the electric arcs entering the inlet can be directly cut off.
The compression pipe 2 is internally compressed and then recoiled by electric arc, the first half section plays a role of compressing and recoiling to weaken the electric arc, and the second half section accelerates the electric arc and then sprays out from the tail end to form an effect of accelerating spraying.
Step 2: when the lightning flashover arc approaches the back-flushing pipe 6, the physical touch, coulomb force action or point discharge of the arc striking electrode 7 to the flashover arc forms an ascending pilot, the arc is drawn to the inlet of the back-flushing pipe 6, and the outer arc enters the back-flushing pipe 6 under the attraction action of the back-flushing electrode 8.
And step 3: the arc column is filled by the narrow pipe in the back flushing pipe 6, the arc generates elastic deformation, the radial deformation of the arc is changed into axial deformation, meanwhile, the inlet arc and the outlet arc generate 180-degree opposite impact collision in the pipe, the channels of arc radiation, convection, conduction and loss are cut off, the heat dissipation is blocked, and the temperature in the pipe is rapidly increased.
When the electric arc enters the inlet of the back-flushing pipe 6, the physical shape is changed firstly, the thick electric arc is changed into the thin electric arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the ejection speed of the electric arc in the back-flushing pipe 6 is accelerated due to the back-flushing effect of the narrow pipe.
After the arc becomes thin, the cross-sectional area of the arc is reduced, the resistance of the arc is greatly increased, the energy of the body of the recoil pipe 6 is enhanced, and the convergence temperature in the recoil pipe is increased.
When the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.
And 4, step 4: the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the recoil pipe 6 is increased, the pressure difference is also increased, the directional arc explosion effect from inside to outside is generated in the recoil pipe 6, and the explosion effect causes the discharge of the electric arc: on the one hand, the arc in the tube is rapidly evacuated; and on the other hand, the outer arc cavity effect blocks the injection of the energy of the outer arc.
And 5: the rest of the arc which is not extinguished enters the compression pipe 2 through the arc striking function of the compression pipe 2, and the energy of the rest of the arc which is not extinguished is further weakened after the arc which is not extinguished is compressed and recoiled through the plurality of compression pipes 2 which are arranged in a surrounding mode, and finally the arc is completely extinguished.
When the electric arc enters the compression pipe 2, the electric arc is compressed and bent by the recoil section A in the first half section of the compression pipe 2, an axial pressure gradient is generated in the recoil section A, a part of electric arc is sprayed out from the recoil section A to the outside, the inflection point of the electric arc is blown and pulled, the electric arc is stretched and refined again, the electric arc is blown out more easily and is not re-combusted, and the other part of electric arc is transmitted to the acceleration section B by the compression electrode 9 in the compression pipe 2;
the electric arc is accelerated and conducted in the acceleration section B, one part of the electric arc is sprayed out from the tail end of the acceleration section B, the other part of the electric arc is conducted into the recoil section A of the next compression tube 2 from the lightning electrode 10, and the process is repeated until the electric arc is extinguished.
The utility model provides a recoil compression combination arc control device, includes supporter 1, and the outside of supporter 1 is provided with a plurality of shirt rim 4, and the top of supporter 1 is provided with the recoil device, is provided with multistage compression device in the supporter 1, the recoil device is connected with multistage compression device.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the recoil pipe 6 is located at the top end of the device, the recoil pipe is a semi-closed pipe fitting with a hollow interior, the closed end of the recoil pipe is closed by a metal lightning receiving electrode 3, and an arc striking electrode 7 made of metal is arranged at the open end port of the recoil pipe to draw an electric arc. The lower part of the recoil pipe 6 is connected with a plurality of sections of compression pipes 2, the middle part in each section of the compression pipe 2 is provided with a compression electrode 9, and the compression electrode 9 divides the inner space of the compression pipe into two parts. The multiple sections of compression pipes 2 are arranged in a space spiral shape in a staggered mode, and the nozzle 3 of the electric arc is arranged at the connecting inflection point of each two sections of compression pipes. The structure of the multi-section compression pipe 2 is supported by the support body 1, the compression pipe is embedded in the support body, and the nozzle 3 is arranged on the surface of the support body 1. In order to prevent the arc from flashover outside the arc extinguishing device and to allow the arc to pass through a designated passage and restrict the path of the arc, a skirt 4 is provided outside the support body. The bottom end of the arc extinguishing device is provided with a fixed screw 9, and the arc extinguishing device can be connected to a cross arm of a tower through the screw and is connected to one side of the insulator in parallel or connected to two ends of the insulator in parallel. The skirt 4 mainly separates the arc connection of the two nozzles 3, and better separates the arc, so that the process of separating weakening and extinguishing is formed.
After the electric arc enters the compression pipe 2, a recoil arc extinguishing process (recoil section) also occurs in the front half section space of the compression pipe, and the electric arc energy is weakened; the electric arc is limited by the pipe wall in the rear half space of the compression pipe 2, the speed of the electric arc is accelerated (acceleration section), and the electric arc is sprayed out from the nozzle 3.
The backflushing device comprises a backflushing pipe 6, an arc ignition electrode 7 and a backflushing electrode 8, wherein the backflushing pipe 6 is of an internal hollow pipe structure, the arc ignition electrode 7 is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the backflushing pipe 6, and the backflushing electrode 8 is arranged at the bottom of the backflushing pipe 6 in a sealing mode.
The recoil pipe 6 is made of a non-conductive material which is high in strength, high temperature resistant and high pressure resistant, is made of alloy ceramic, rare earth ceramic, graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating material, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass or organic glass, and the inner diameter of the recoil pipe 6 is properly increased along with the increase of the voltage grade of the power transmission line. Wherein the material of the support body 1 is the same as the material of the recoil pipe 6.
The arc ignition electrode 7 and the recoil electrode 8 are both made of conductive materials, the arc ignition electrode 7 is a conductive metal ring, and the outer side wall of the conductive metal ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the upper section opening of the recoil pipe 6.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the multistage compression device comprises a plurality of compression pipes 2, the plurality of compression pipes 2 are arranged in a support body 1 in a surrounding manner, the plurality of compression pipes 2 are sequentially connected in an end-to-end unparallel manner, a nozzle 3 communicated with the outside is arranged at the joint of the compression pipes 2 and the compression pipes 2, and a lightning receiving electrode 10 is arranged on the inner side of the nozzle 3. One or more than one skirt 4 is arranged between the two spouts 3. The bottom of the support body 1 is provided with a screw rod 4, and the screw rod 4 can be directly and rotatably fixed on other towers or connecting pieces. The lightning electrode 10 and the compression electrode 9 are both made of metal material. The compression electrode 9 is hermetically arranged at the middle position of the compression pipe 2. The lightning receiving electrode 10 is tangentially arranged at the joint of the two compression pipes 2, and the ratio of the radian occupied by the next compression pipe 2 to the radian occupied by the previous compression pipe 2 is 7:4, so that electric arcs are better conducted downwards.
The arc extinguishing process of the combined arc extinguishing device comprises the following steps:
when the lightning flashover arc approaches the back-flushing pipe 6, the physical touch, coulomb force action or point discharge of the arc striking electrode 7 to the flashover arc forms an ascending pilot, the arc is drawn to the inlet of the back-flushing pipe 6, and the outer arc enters the back-flushing pipe 6 under the attraction action of the back-flushing electrode 8.
The arc column is filled by the narrow pipe in the back flushing pipe 6, the arc generates elastic deformation, the radial deformation of the arc is changed into axial deformation, meanwhile, the inlet arc and the outlet arc generate 180-degree opposite impact collision in the pipe, the channels of arc radiation, convection, conduction and loss are cut off, the heat dissipation is blocked, and the temperature in the pipe is rapidly increased.
When the electric arc enters the inlet of the back-flushing pipe 6, the physical shape is changed firstly, the thick electric arc is changed into the thin electric arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the ejection speed of the electric arc in the back-flushing pipe 6 is accelerated due to the back-flushing effect of the narrow pipe.
After the arc becomes thin, the cross-sectional area of the arc is reduced, the resistance of the arc is greatly increased, the energy of the body of the recoil pipe 6 is enhanced, and the convergence temperature in the recoil pipe is increased.
When the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.
The temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the recoil pipe 6 is increased, the pressure difference is also increased, the directional arc explosion effect from inside to outside is generated in the recoil pipe 6, and the explosion effect causes the discharge of the electric arc: on the one hand, the arc in the tube is rapidly evacuated; and on the other hand, the outer arc cavity effect blocks the injection of the energy of the outer arc.
The rest of the arc which is not extinguished enters the compression pipe 2 through the arc striking function of the compression pipe 2, and the energy of the rest of the arc which is not extinguished is further weakened after the arc which is not extinguished is compressed and recoiled through the plurality of compression pipes 2 which are arranged in a surrounding mode, and finally the arc is completely extinguished.
When the electric arc enters the compression pipe 2, the electric arc is compressed and bent by the recoil section A at the first half section of the compression pipe 2, an axial pressure gradient is generated in the recoil section A, a part of electric arc is sprayed out from the recoil section A to the outside, the inflection point of the electric arc is blown and pulled, the electric arc is stretched and refined again, the electric arc is blown out more easily and is not re-combusted, and the other part of electric arc is transmitted to the acceleration section B by the compression electrode 9 in the compression pipe 2.
The electric arc is accelerated and conducted in the acceleration section B, one part of the electric arc is sprayed out from the tail end of the acceleration section B, the other part of the electric arc is conducted into the recoil section A of the next compression tube 2 from the lightning electrode 10, and the process is repeated until the electric arc is extinguished.
In the present application, as shown in FIG. 6, the arc has a velocity v0 at the inlet, a pressure p0, a density ρ 0, and a temperature T0. After the outer arc enters the recoil assembly, an inlet arc velocity v1, a pressure p1, a density ρ 1 and a temperature T1 are formed. After passing through the arc striking assembly, the outlet arc speed v2 is p2, the pressure is p2, and the temperature is T2. The outer arc enters the recoil assembly through the inlet to form an inner arc, the inner arc is limited by the recoil assembly wall, the diameter is mechanically compressed by a large scale, and the temperature, the density, the pressure and the speed of the inner arc are all increased. Regardless of the arc energy loss and friction effects, when the inlet arc passes through the lightning strike assembly to achieve a resilient impact moment, v1 is considered to be-v 2, i.e., the inlet arc velocity is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the outlet velocity. Considering the energy loss and friction of the arc, after the inlet arc collides with the lightning receiving assembly, it is considered that | v2 | v1 | that the outlet velocity is smaller than the inlet velocity and the direction is opposite. The outlet arc is impeded by the inlet arc, which is smaller in diameter than the inlet arc, so that the outlet arc has a greater density, temperature and pressure than the inlet arc, i.e. ρ 2 > ρ 1, T2 > T1, p2 > p1, which in combination accelerate v2 more than v1, i.e. a2 > a 1. As the outlet arc diameter is increasingly compressed, resulting in an increase in outlet arc density, temperature and pressure, v2 > v1 eventually causes the outlet arc to rush out of the recoil assembly from the inlet. After the electric arc at the outlet rushes out of the recoil component, a cavity effect is formed on the external electric arc, the continuity of the electric arc is damaged, the energy of the electric arc is weakened, and the cutting and extinguishing of the electric arc are accelerated.
Air exists in the recoil assembly, and after the electric arc enters the recoil assembly, a series of effects and mechanisms are formed, so that the air in the recoil assembly is compressed, the air pressure in the recoil assembly is increased, the free stroke length of electrons is reduced, the ionization process is weakened and inhibited, the electric insulation strength is obviously improved, and the electric arc is favorably cut off and extinguished. According to experimental data, when air is compressed from 0.1Mpa (1atm) to 2.8Mpa, the breakdown voltage of the compressed air can be increased to 9-12 times of the standard air breakdown voltage (30kV/cm), and the electrical insulation strength is greatly improved. The original air in the recoil component is influenced by the temperature rise effect and the pressure rise effect in the recoil component, the generated jet air flow is jetted from the recoil component and acts on the outer electric arc, and the convection, radiation and conduction of the outer electric arc are accelerated by utilizing the cavity effect of the air flow on the outer electric arc, so that the electric arc is converted into dielectric property from electric conductivity, and the electric arc is self-extinguished.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: a recoil pipe (6) is arranged at the top end, a plurality of compression pipes (2) arranged in a surrounding way are arranged at the bottom of the recoil pipe (6), an arc striking electrode (7) is arranged at the top end of the recoil pipe (6), and a recoil electrode (8) is arranged at the bottom;
step 2: when a lightning flashover arc approaches to the recoil pipe (6), an arc striking electrode (7) forms an ascending pilot by physical touch, coulomb force action or point discharge of the flashover arc, the arc is drawn to an inlet of the recoil pipe (6), and an external arc enters the recoil pipe (6) under the attraction action of the recoil electrode (8);
and step 3: the arc column is filled in the back flushing pipe (6) by the narrow pipe, the arc generates elastic deformation, the radial deformation of the arc is changed into axial deformation, meanwhile, the inlet arc and the outlet arc generate 180-degree opposite impact collision in the pipe, the channels of arc radiation, convection, conduction and loss are cut off, the heat dissipation is blocked, and the temperature in the pipe is rapidly increased;
and 4, step 4: the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the recoil pipe (6) is increased, the pressure difference is also increased, the directional arc explosion effect from inside to outside is generated in the recoil pipe (6), and the explosion effect causes the discharge of electric arc: on the one hand, the arc in the tube is rapidly evacuated; on the other hand, the outer arc cavity effect blocks the injection of the energy of the outer arc;
and 5: the residual unquenched electric arcs enter the compression pipe (2) through the arc striking action of the compression pipe (2), and the energy of the residual unquenched electric arcs is further weakened after the residual unquenched electric arcs are compressed through the compression pipes (2) arranged in a surrounding mode, and finally the residual unquenched electric arcs are completely quenched.
2. The recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, a plurality of compression pipes (2) which are arranged in a surrounding mode are sequentially connected end to end, a nozzle (3) is arranged at the joint, and a lightning receiving electrode (10) is arranged on the inner side of the nozzle (3) to conduct electric arcs.
3. The recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: compression pipe (2) are including compression body and compression electrode (9), and the compression body is established to inside cavity, both ends open-ended tubular structure, and compression electrode (9) are sealed to be set up in the compression body.
4. The recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific process of the step 3 is as follows:
when the electric arc enters the inlet of the back-flushing pipe (6), firstly, the physical shape is changed, the thick electric arc is changed into the thin electric arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the spraying speed of the electric arc in the back-flushing pipe (6) is accelerated due to the back-flushing effect of the narrow pipe;
after the electric arc is thinned, the cross section area of the electric arc is reduced, the electric arc resistance is greatly increased, the energy of the body of the recoil pipe (6) is enhanced, and the convergence temperature in the recoil pipe is increased;
when the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.
5. The recoil compression combined arc extinguishing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compression recoil process of the step 5 comprises the following steps:
when the electric arc enters the compression pipe (2), the electric arc is compressed and bent by the recoil section (A) in the first half section of the compression pipe (2), an axial pressure gradient is generated in the recoil section (A), a part of electric arc is sprayed out from the recoil section (A) to the outside, the inflection point of the electric arc is blown and pulled, the electric arc is stretched and refined again, the electric arc is blown out more easily and is not re-combusted, and the other part of electric arc is transmitted to the acceleration section (B) by a compression electrode (9) in the compression pipe (2);
the electric arc is accelerated and conducted in the acceleration section (B), one part of the electric arc is sprayed out from the tail end of the acceleration section (B), the other part of the electric arc is transmitted into the recoil section (A) of the next compression recoil pipe (2) from the lightning receiving electrode (10), and the process is repeated until the electric arc is extinguished.
6. A recoil compression combination arc control device which characterized in that: the device comprises a support body (1), wherein a plurality of skirt edges (4) are arranged on the outer side of the support body (1), a recoil device is arranged at the top of the support body (1), a multi-stage compression device is arranged in the support body (1), and the recoil device is connected with the multi-stage compression device.
7. A recoil compression combination arc extinguishing device according to claim 6, wherein: the backflushing device comprises a backflushing pipe (6), an arc striking electrode (7) and a backflushing electrode (8), wherein the backflushing pipe (6) is of an internal hollow pipe structure, the arc striking electrode (7) is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the backflushing pipe (6), and the backflushing electrode (8) is arranged at the bottom of the backflushing pipe (6) in a sealing mode.
8. A recoil compression combination arc extinguishing device according to claim 7, wherein: the recoil pipe (6) is made of a non-conductive material which is high in strength, high temperature resistant and high pressure resistant, is made of alloy ceramic, rare earth ceramic, graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating material, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass or organic glass, and the inner diameter of the recoil pipe (6) is properly increased along with the increase of the voltage grade of the power transmission line;
the arc ignition electrode (7) and the recoil electrode (8) are both made of conductive materials, the arc ignition electrode (7) is a conductive metal ring, and the outer side wall of the conductive metal ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the upper section opening of the recoil pipe (6).
9. A recoil compression combination arc extinguishing device according to claim 6, wherein: multistage compression recoil device includes a plurality of compression pipe (2), and a plurality of compression pipe (2) encircle to set up in supporter (1), and a plurality of compression pipe (2) end to end is in proper order nonparallel to be connected, and the junction of compression pipe (2) and compression pipe (2) is provided with spout (3) and outside intercommunication, and the inboard of spout (3) is provided with and connects dodges electrode (10).
10. A recoil compression combination arc extinguishing device according to claim 9, wherein: one or more than one skirt (4) is arranged between the two nozzles (3).
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