CN111834898A - Trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap - Google Patents
Trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111834898A CN111834898A CN201910305152.5A CN201910305152A CN111834898A CN 111834898 A CN111834898 A CN 111834898A CN 201910305152 A CN201910305152 A CN 201910305152A CN 111834898 A CN111834898 A CN 111834898A
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- arc
- arc extinguishing
- backflushing
- protection device
- lightning protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/46—Means for providing an external arc-discharge path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/48—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges over chains or other serially-arranged insulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/08—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps structurally associated with protected apparatus
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without an air gap, which mainly comprises an arc extinguishing body, an upper electrode and a lower electrode; the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body are respectively arranged at the two ends of the insulator string through connecting hardware fittings to form reliable electric connection; the interior of the arc-extinguishing body is hollow, and a plurality of insulating partition plates are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the arc-extinguishing body, so that a plurality of independent backflushing perfusion arc-extinguishing cavities are formed in the interior of the arc-extinguishing body; a recoil device is arranged in each recoil pouring arc extinguishing cavity and is arranged in a spiral step arrangement mode inside the arc extinguishing body; and wall electrodes are arranged on the insulating partition plates between every two adjacent backflushing devices. The lightning protection device effectively prevents the problem of flashover of the lightning protection device, reduces the lightning trip-out rate of power equipment, protects power facilities, improves the reliability of a power grid, and is favorable for power safety production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a lightning protection device for a power transmission and distribution overhead line, and relates to a trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without an air gap.
Background
Lightning strike can bring different forms of damage and destruction to electric power facilities, lightning strike overvoltage can be caused in an electric power system by thundercloud discharge, and common overvoltage in an overhead line comprises overvoltage of lightning strike near the overhead line on a power transmission line through electromagnetic induction and overvoltage generated by lightning striking on a wire directly. Lightning stroke causes overvoltage, and can damage insulators and power transmission lines; lightning stroke causes flashover discharge of the insulator, can cause burning and shedding on the surface of porcelain or reticular cracks on the glass insulator, and greatly reduces the insulating strength; lightning strikes on a power transmission line or a lightning conductor can cause strand breakage and even breakage, so that power transmission work cannot be carried out.
Lightning protection of a power transmission line is always important content of lightning protection work of a power department, and lightning faults are still one of important factors influencing the safety of a power grid. Impact flashover caused by lightning strike on a power transmission line causes flashover of a line insulator, then large power frequency follow current is generated, an insulator string and hardware fittings are damaged, and line accidents are caused. The protection of the power department is generally realized by additionally arranging a line lightning protector on a power transmission line.
The applicant and the related inventors have found the following problems in the existing lightning protection device in the continuous research process: 1) the arc extinguishing capacity is not strong, and the arc extinguishing energy of the arc extinguishing device always effects the flashover arc energy; 2) the arc extinguishing sensitivity is not high, and the problem that an arc extinguishing device does not work under the condition of low-temperature arc exists; 3) the durability is poor, most arc extinguishing devices need gas generating materials to provide arc extinguishing conditions, and unnecessary consumption exists in extreme environments; 4) influenced by the operation mode, the arc extinguishing and lightning protection effects are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without an air gap aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a trapezoid arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap mainly comprises an arc extinguishing body, an upper electrode and a lower electrode; the upper electrode is fixedly arranged at the top of the arc extinguishing body, the lower electrode is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the arc extinguishing body, and the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body are respectively arranged at the two ends of the insulator string through the connecting hardware fittings to form reliable electric connection; the lower end of the arc-extinguishing body is open, the interior of the arc-extinguishing body is hollow, and a plurality of insulating partition plates are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the arc-extinguishing body, so that a plurality of independent backflushing perfusion arc-extinguishing cavities are formed in the arc-extinguishing body; a recoil device is arranged in each recoil pouring arc extinguishing cavity and is arranged in a spiral step arrangement mode inside the arc extinguishing body; wall electrodes are arranged on the insulating partition plate between every two adjacent backflushing devices, the top of the backflushing device positioned below is connected with one surface of the wall electrode, and the bottom of the backflushing device positioned above is connected with the other surface of the wall electrode, so that the backflushing devices are sequentially connected together end to end; the top of the recoil device at the uppermost end of the arc extinguishing body is connected with the upper electrode, and the bottom of the recoil device at the lowermost end of the arc extinguishing body is connected with the lower electrode.
The invention further discloses that the backflushing device mainly comprises a backflushing pipe and a lightning receptor; one end of the recoil pipe is opened, and the other end of the recoil pipe is fixedly provided with the lightning receptor, so that the recoil device becomes a semi-closed pipe fitting which is hollow inside and is opened at one end and closed at the other end; the lightning receptor is connected with the adjacent wall electrode (wherein the lightning receptor on the top of the back-flushing pipe at the uppermost end of the arc extinguishing body is connected with the upper electrode). The opening direction of the recoil device is consistent with the opening direction of the arc extinguishing body.
The invention further discloses that an opening of the back flushing pipe is provided with an arc guiding ring; the arc guide ring is connected with the adjacent wall electrode (wherein the arc guide ring at the bottom of the back-flushing pipe at the lowest end of the arc extinguishing body is connected with the lower electrode).
The invention further discloses that the cross section of the arc extinguishing body is of a honeycomb structure.
Further, a plurality of skirt edges are arranged on the outer surface of the arc extinguishing and lightning protection arc extinguishing body. The skirt edge is added outside the device structure, the creepage distance is enhanced, and electric arc creeping discharge is avoided.
The invention further discloses that the wall electrode adopts an arc guide electrode plate or a compression arc extinguishing tube. The inside of compression arc-extinguishing pipe be equipped with the arc guide ball. The compression arc-extinguishing tube adopts a ceramic tube.
The invention further illustrates that the inner wall of the arc extinguishing body is mainly made of high-strength and strong-pressure-resistant non-conductive materials, such as alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics and other non-conductive materials. The insulating partition plate is made of a high-strength and strong-pressure-resistant non-conductive material, such as synthetic silicon rubber, rare earth glass, graphene glass and the like. The wall electrode material is a metal or nonmetal with strong conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, tungsten, nickel, iron, graphite and the like.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
the arc-extinguishing lightning protection device is connected beside the insulator string in parallel, a flashover air channel is arranged in the middle, through insulation matching, lightning overvoltage generated when a tower or a lightning conductor is struck by lightning preferentially breaks through the parallel channel to protect the insulator string, and formed electric arc enters the trapezoidal arc-extinguishing lightning protection device without air gaps.
The electric arc is a plasma with elastic deformation, after the electric arc enters the backflushing device through the arc guide ring, due to the limitation of the backflushing pipe wall, when the electric arc enters the initial end of the backflushing pipe, the density, the speed and the temperature are increased, so that the pressure in the pipe is increased, finally, a pressure explosion effect is generated, the electric arc impacts a lightning receptor at the bottom of the backflushing pipe, the electric arc is subjected to reverse elasticity at the bottom of the blocked backflushing pipe, the advancing direction of most of the electric arc is changed by 180 degrees, and the rebounded electric arc acts on an outer electric arc at an inlet due to the fact that the speed, the density and the pressure are larger, so that the electric arc at. The rest part of the electric arc enters the next recoil pipe due to the coulomb force of the wall electrode, and the process is repeated.
The back-flushing pipe in this patent is a narrow pipe filling channel, which is the only channel for the electric arc to enter the device. A variety of physical changes occur during perfusion.
1. The arc plasma is elastically deformed. When the arc plasma enters the inlet of the back flushing pipe, the physical shape is changed firstly, a coarse arc is changed into an ultrafine arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the spraying speed is accelerated during the arc back flushing due to the back flushing effect of the narrow pipe.
2. The arc temperature rise effect is exacerbated. After the electric arc is thinned, the cross-sectional area of the electric arc is reduced according to the formula
The arc resistance will increase substantially. Because the lightning arc is often used as a constant current source in practical experience work according to a formula
It is known that although the impact time is only a few microseconds, the overall energy increases and the packing temperature in the recoil tube increases.
Arc radiation, convection and conduction are three ways of energy loss, and because heat cannot be released in a closed pipeline, namely an exogenous plugging environment, the arc is blocked, heat can be generated only, heat dissipation cannot be realized, so that blocking temperature rise can be generated, and the temperature in the pipeline is continuously increased.
3. The pressure explosion effect increases sharply. When the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.
When electric arc gets into the recoil device from the arrester, because the recoil pipe is very thin, thick thunder and lightning electric arc can be deformed into slender electric arc when getting into the recoil pipe, is full of whole pipeline, and the pipeline can produce the effort to electric arc and finally can form the pressure and explode the effect, blocks passing through of follow-up electric arc, produces the arc and cuts. And a small part of electric arc enters the next recoil pipe under the coulomb force action of the arc guide ring and the arc guide piece, and the process is repeated.
In contrast to multiple chambers
(1) And (5) the durability is compared. The gas production material added into the multi-cavity needs to be baked at high temperature to produce gas, so that the gas production material in the multi-cavity arc extinguishing device is consumed in a high-temperature environment, and the durability of the multi-cavity is poor; the pouring material adopted by the invention has no consumption factor, does not need to extinguish arc through a gas generation mechanism, and has better durability.
(2) And (5) arc extinguishing effect comparison. When electric arcs pass through every two adjacent electrodes in the multi-cavity chamber, a condensation polar effect is generated, namely the temperature of the electric arcs under the adjacent electrodes is low, gas production effect is poor due to baking of gas production materials by low-temperature electric arcs, and arc extinguishing effect is poor due to contradiction between the condensation polar effect and arc extinguishing formed by baking of gas production at high temperature; the invention adopts a narrow tube pouring mechanism, the electric arc collision generates huge arc extinguishing energy, and the self energy of the electric arc and the collision arc extinguishing are utilized, so that the arc extinguishing effect is excellent.
(3) And (5) comparing arc extinguishing sensitivity. According to the durability and the arc extinguishing effect, as the durability of the multi-cavity is influenced by high temperature, the generated gas is influenced by the electrode condensation pole effect, namely the low-temperature arc baking capability is extremely low, the contradiction between the condensation pole effect and the high-temperature baked generated gas forming arc extinguishing is formed, the arc extinguishing effect is poor when a small arc passes through, the multi-cavity can only act correctly when a larger arc passes through the multi-cavity, and the relay protection action is caused by the circulation of the large arc, namely, a trip accident exists, so the arc extinguishing sensitivity of the multi-cavity is not ideal; in the invention, no matter large electric arcs or small electric arcs exist, the electric arcs are only required to enter the invention to generate a perfusion mechanism, and the sensitivity is higher.
(4) And comparing the operation modes. According to the sensitivity analysis, the action of the multi-cavity is influenced by external factors such as a system operation mode, short-circuit current and the like, and an arc extinguishing blind area exists, so that the multi-cavity lightning protection matching is very difficult; the invention has no influence of external factors such as system operation mode, short-circuit current and the like.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) an arc path is restrained and controlled, the arc is consistent with an arc extinguishing channel, and the harm of arc drift is eliminated;
(2) the back-flushing devices in the back-flushing perfusion arc-extinguishing cavities act on the electric arcs to realize mutual isolation of different electric arc sections, and the electric arcs are cut off at the flashers in each back-flushing assembly and are not easy to re-ignite;
(3) the wall electrode in the clapboard outside the back-flushing pouring arc extinguishing cavity can effectively disperse the energy of the electric arc, so that the whole electric arc is broken into parts;
(4) the recoil device in the recoil perfusion arc extinguishing cavity is not influenced by temperature and electrodynamic force in the arc extinguishing process;
(5) the electric arc is extinguished in the impact arc extinguishing section and destroys the power frequency arc establishing channel, and the relay protection device is ensured not to be perceived;
(6) the invention has wide application range and is not influenced by the arrangement of the conducting wires, the tower type of the tower and the polar effect
(7) The lightning protection device is effectively prevented from flashover, the lightning trip-out rate of the power equipment is reduced, the power facilities are protected, the reliability of a power grid is improved, and the power safety production is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an expanded view of the internal partial structure of the trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the recoil assembly of the present invention.
Wherein, each icon and the corresponding part name are as follows:
1-arc extinguishing body, 2-upper electrode, 3-lower electrode, 4-insulating partition board, 5-backflushing perfusion arc extinguishing cavity, 6-backflushing device, 7-wall electrode, 8-skirt edge, 61-backflushing tube, 62 lightning receptor, 611-arc guiding ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further non-limiting detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2-4, a trapezoidal arc-extinguishing lightning-protection device without air gap mainly comprises an arc-extinguishing body 1, an upper electrode 2 and a lower electrode 3; the upper electrode 2 is fixedly arranged at the top of the arc extinguishing body 1, the lower electrode 3 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the arc extinguishing body 1, and the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body 1 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the insulator string through connecting hardware fittings to form reliable electric connection; the lower end of the arc extinguishing body 1 is open and hollow, a plurality of insulating partition plates 4 are longitudinally arranged along the arc extinguishing body 1, so that a plurality of independent backflushing perfusion arc extinguishing cavities 5 are formed in the arc extinguishing body 1, a backflushing device 6 is arranged in each backflushing perfusion arc extinguishing cavity 5, and the backflushing devices 6 are arranged in the arc extinguishing body 1 in a spiral step shape; wall electrodes 7 are arranged on the insulating partition plates 4 between every two adjacent backflushing devices 6, the top of the backflushing device 6 positioned below is connected with one surface of the wall electrode 7, and the bottom of the backflushing device 6 positioned above is connected with the other surface of the wall electrode 7, so that the backflushing devices 6 are sequentially connected end to end; the top of the recoil device at the uppermost end of the arc extinguishing body 1 is connected with the upper electrode 2, and the bottom of the recoil device at the lowermost end of the arc extinguishing body 1 is connected with the lower electrode 3.
The backflushing device 6 mainly comprises a backflushing pipe 61 and a lightning receptor 62; one end of the recoil pipe 61 is open, and the other end is fixedly provided with a lightning receptor 62, so that the recoil device 6 becomes a semi-closed pipe fitting with a hollow interior, an open end and a closed end; the lightning receptor 62 is connected to the adjacent wall electrode 7.
An opening of the recoil pipe 61 is provided with an arc guide ring 611; the arc guiding ring 611 is connected with the adjacent wall electrode 7.
The cross section of the arc extinguishing body 1 is of a honeycomb structure.
The wall electrode 7 adopts an arc-conducting electrode sheet.
Example 2:
this example differs from example 1 in that: the outer surface of the arc extinguishing body 1 is provided with a plurality of skirt edges 8.
Example 3:
this example differs from example 1 in that: the wall electrode adopts a compression arc-extinguishing tube.
Example 4:
this example differs from example 3 in that: the inside of compression arc-extinguishing pipe be equipped with the arc guide ball.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 1, the arc-extinguishing lightning-protection device is connected in parallel beside an insulator string, a flashover air channel is arranged in the middle, and through insulation cooperation, lightning overvoltage generated when a tower or a lightning conductor is struck by lightning preferentially breaks through the parallel channel to protect the insulator string, and formed electric arc enters the trapezoidal arc-extinguishing lightning-protection device without air gaps.
When lightning strikes on a transmission line or a circuit to generate induced lightning overvoltage, lightning current at a high-voltage end of a lightning protection device is caused to start to pass through a high-voltage electrode, an electric arc can be pulled by the high-voltage electrode to enter the device to be backflushed into the arc extinguishing chamber 5, after the electric arc enters the backflushing device 6, the electric arc is limited by the wall of the backflushing tube, the density, the speed and the temperature are increased, the pressure in the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is generated finally, the electric arc impacts the flasher 62 at the bottom of the backflushing tube 61, the electric arc is subjected to reverse elasticity at the bottom of the blocked backflushing tube 61, the advancing direction of most of the electric arc is changed by 180 degrees, and the rebounded electric arc acts on an outer electric arc at an inlet due to higher speed, density and higher pressure, so. A small portion of the arc enters the next recoil tube 61 due to the coulomb force of the wall electrode and the process is repeated.
When thunderbolt shaft tower or transmission line lightning conductor, cause lightning protection device flashover low-voltage end to begin to have lightning current to pass through the low-voltage electrode, the electric arc can draw through the low-voltage electrode and get into this device recoil filling arc-extinguishing chamber 5 inside, because the inside diameter is very little in the recoil pipe device 6, thick lightning electric arc can be deformed into slender electric arc when getting into recoil pipe 61, be full of whole pipeline, the pipeline can produce the effect of exploding by the final formation pressure of effort to electric arc, block passing through of follow-up electric arc, produce the truncation to electric arc. The remaining portion of the arc enters the next recoil tube 61 due to the coulomb force of the arc guiding ring 71 and the wall electrode, and the process is repeated.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A trapezoid arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap mainly comprises an arc extinguishing body (1), an upper electrode (2) and a lower electrode (3); the upper electrode (2) is fixedly arranged at the top of the arc extinguishing body (1), the lower electrode (3) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the arc extinguishing body (1), and the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body (1) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the insulator string through connecting hardware fittings to form reliable electrical connection; the method is characterized in that: the lower end of the arc extinguishing body (1) is open, the interior of the arc extinguishing body is hollow, and a plurality of insulating partition plates (4) are longitudinally arranged along the arc extinguishing body (1) so that a plurality of independent backflushing perfusion arc extinguishing chambers (5) are formed in the arc extinguishing body (1), a backflushing device (6) is arranged in each backflushing perfusion arc extinguishing chamber (5), and the backflushing devices (6) are arranged in the arc extinguishing body (1) in a spiral step shape; wall electrodes (7) are arranged on the insulating partition plates (4) between every two adjacent backflushing devices (6), the top of the backflushing device (6) positioned below is connected with one surface of the wall electrode (7), the bottom of the backflushing device (6) positioned above is connected with the other surface of the wall electrode (7), and the backflushing devices (6) are sequentially connected together end to end; the top of the recoil device at the uppermost end of the arc extinguishing body (1) is connected with the upper electrode (2), and the bottom of the recoil device at the lowermost end of the arc extinguishing body (1) is connected with the lower electrode (3).
2. The air gap-free trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the backflushing device (6) mainly comprises a backflushing pipe (61) and a lightning receptor (62); one end of the recoil pipe (61) is opened, and the other end of the recoil pipe is fixedly provided with the lightning receptor (62), so that the recoil device (6) becomes a semi-closed pipe fitting which is hollow inside, and is opened at one end and closed at the other end; the lightning receptor (62) is connected with the adjacent wall electrode (7).
3. The air gap-free trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 2, wherein: an opening of the backflushing pipe (61) is provided with an arc guiding ring (611); the arc guiding ring (611) is connected with the adjacent wall electrode (7).
4. The air gap-free trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the arc extinguishing body (1) is of a honeycomb structure.
5. The air gap-free trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the arc extinguishing body (1) is provided with a plurality of skirt edges (8).
6. The air gap-free trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the wall electrode (6) adopts an arc guide electrode plate or a compression arc extinguishing tube.
7. The air gap-free trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 6, wherein: the inside of compression arc-extinguishing pipe be equipped with the arc guide ball.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910305152.5A CN111834898A (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910305152.5A CN111834898A (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111834898A true CN111834898A (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910305152.5A Pending CN111834898A (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Trapezoidal arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111834898A (en) |
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2019
- 2019-04-16 CN CN201910305152.5A patent/CN111834898A/en active Pending
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