CN110608708A - Deep hole straightness measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Deep hole straightness measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608708A CN110608708A CN201911030926.4A CN201911030926A CN110608708A CN 110608708 A CN110608708 A CN 110608708A CN 201911030926 A CN201911030926 A CN 201911030926A CN 110608708 A CN110608708 A CN 110608708A
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- protective sleeve
- measuring device
- measuring
- connector
- deep hole
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
Abstract
A deep hole straightness measuring device and a measuring method thereof are disclosed, wherein the measuring device comprises a main measuring structure and auxiliary measuring structures on two sides of the main measuring structure; sensors are respectively arranged in four ports of a cross-shaped protective sleeve in the main measuring structure, the main measuring structure can stretch and retract according to different measured apertures, and the sensors are ensured to be contacted with the inner wall to be measured when the inner diameter of the deep hole is measured; the auxiliary measuring structures are arranged on two sides of the main measuring structure and are respectively provided with a spring and a foundation bolt which are pressed on the protective sleeve by a pressing cover, so that the parallelism between the measuring device and the axial section of the measured deep hole and the full contact between the main measuring structure and a lower bus of the hole are ensured during measurement; performing data fitting through a sensor and an external computer system to obtain the center line straightness error of the axial section; the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, accuracy, reliability, portability, high efficiency and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole straightness measurement, in particular to a deep hole straightness measurement device and a measurement method thereof.
Background
Deep hole refers to a hole with the ratio of the hole depth to the hole diameter larger than 10, and the measurement of the straightness of the deep hole is always a problem needing to be overcome in the aspect of measurement. At present, common deep hole straightness measuring methods mainly comprise a lever method, an optical instrument detection method and the like. The lever method is an approximate measurement method, the straightness of the deep hole is measured by the principle that a measuring element senses the change of the circle center position of a measured section, the precision is low, and measuring equipment is heavy and inconvenient to apply and mass production; although the optical alignment method can realize the high-precision measurement of the straightness of the deep hole, strict and complicated centering adjustment operation is required in the early stage, the method is easy to interfere, the economic cost is high, and the method is only suitable for specific occasions in a laboratory and is difficult to popularize and apply; the relative comparison method effectively avoids the problem of centering in the measuring process, so that the operation is simpler and more convenient, the measuring precision is relatively improved, but in the measuring process, the friction between the sensor and the lower bus of the hole easily generates experimental errors, and the measuring effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a deep hole straightness measuring device and a measuring method thereof, which can ensure the parallelism between the measuring device and the axial section of a measured deep hole, simultaneously enable a sensor to be tightly pressed on the measured inner hole wall, accurately calculate the straightness of the deep hole through data measurement and acquisition, and have the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, accuracy, reliability, portability, high efficiency and low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a deep hole straightness measuring device comprises a main measuring structure and auxiliary measuring structures connected to two sides of the main measuring structure;
the main measuring structure comprises a cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, sensors 10 are respectively arranged in four ports of the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, first springs 12 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the four ends of the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, a first sliding sleeve 9 is arranged on the outer ring of each first spring 12, a first pressing cover 11 is arranged at the top end of each first sliding sleeve 9, external threads are arranged at the bottom of each first pressing cover 11, and the external threads are connected with internal threads arranged on the inner wall of the port of the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13; the top end of the sensor 10 extends out of a small hole arranged in the center of the first gland 11;
the auxiliary measuring structure comprises a first connector 6b and a second connector 6c which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the center of a cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, one end of the first connector 6b and one end of the second connector 6c are fixedly connected with the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13 through straight screws respectively, the other end of the first connector 6b is in threaded connection with one end of a first cylinder 8, the other end of the first cylinder 8 is in threaded connection with one end of a third connector 6, the other end of the third connector 6 is fixedly connected with one side of a first protective sleeve 2 through a straight screw, the other side of the first protective sleeve 2 is fixedly connected with one end of a fourth connector 6a through a straight screw, the other end of the fourth connector 6a is in threaded connection with one end of a second cylinder 1, and the other end of the second cylinder 1 is externally connected with a propelling rod; a second spring 5 is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the first protective sleeve 2, a second sliding sleeve 3 is arranged on the outer ring of the second spring 5, a second gland 4 is arranged at the top end of the second sliding sleeve 3, an external thread is arranged at the bottom of the second gland 4, and the external thread is connected with an internal thread arranged in a port of the first protective sleeve 2; the bottom of the first protective sleeve 2 is in threaded connection with a first foundation bolt 7; the other end of the second connector 6c is in threaded connection with one end of a third cylinder 14, the other end of the third cylinder 14 is in threaded connection with one end of a fifth connector 6d, the other end of the fifth connector 6d is fixedly connected with one side of a second protective sleeve 15 through a straight screw, a third spring 5a is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the second protective sleeve 15, a third sliding sleeve 17 is arranged on the outer ring of the third spring 5a, a third gland 16 is arranged at the top end of the third sliding sleeve 17, an external thread is arranged at the bottom of the third gland 16, and the external thread is connected with an internal thread arranged in a port of the second protective sleeve 15; the bottom of the second protective casing 15 is screwed to a second ground bolt 18.
The sensor 10 is a displacement sensor.
The sensor 10 is in data signal connection with an external computer system.
The span L between the first anchor bolt 7 and the second anchor bolt 18 is 120 mm.
A measuring method of a deep hole straightness measuring device comprises the following steps:
1) before measurement, the measuring device is assembled and placed on a V-shaped block, and the distance between the second gland 4 and the first foundation bolt 7 and the distance between the third gland 16 and the second foundation bolt 18 are initially adjusted to be +1mm of the diameter of the measured hole pipe by a micrometer;
2) the sensor 10 is initialized: placing the measuring device on a smooth plane, and recording and reading the initial reading of the sensor 10 as a relative zero point through an external computer system;
3) putting the measuring device into the hole to be measured, enabling the sensors 10 to be tightly pressed on the inner wall of the measured hole, and acquiring and processing data by utilizing the four sensors 10 and an external computer system to obtain the position of the center of the axial section;
4) after a point is measured, the pushing rod pushes the measuring device to stably push a certain distance along the axial direction of the hole, and the circle centers of a plurality of groups of axial sections are obtained by repeating the measurement for a plurality of times;
5) and finally, fitting the data measured in the step 4) through external computer system software connected with data signals of the sensor 10 to obtain a plurality of groups of axial section center line straightness error data, and taking the maximum error value as the center line straightness error of the evaluated measured shaft.
And 4) measuring more than 10 circle centers of the plurality of groups of axial sections.
The measuring device compares the data measured by the sensors in each group with the relative zero point initialized by the sensor 10 in step 2) during the measurement process.
The distance of each axial advance of the measuring device in the hole to be measured is the span between the first anchor bolt 7 and the second anchor bolt 18, or is specifically adjusted according to collected data points.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the four ports of a cross-shaped protective sleeve 13 in the main measurement structure are respectively provided with a sensor 10, the outer surfaces of the four ends of the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13 are provided with a first spring 12 and a first sliding sleeve 9, the top end of the first sliding sleeve 9 is provided with a first gland 11, the first gland 11 is tightly pressed on the protective sleeve 13, and the top end of the sensor 10 extends out of a small hole arranged in the center of the first gland 11; the main measuring structure can stretch out and draw back according to different apertures of the measured hole, and the contact between the sensor and the inner wall of the measured hole is ensured when the inner diameter of the hole is measured.
The auxiliary measuring structure is arranged on two sides of the main measuring structure, the second sliding sleeve 3, the second spring 5, the third sliding sleeve 17 and the third spring 5a are respectively pressed on the first protective sleeve 2 and the second protective sleeve 15 through the second pressing cover 4 and the third pressing cover 16, the bottom of the first protective sleeve 2 is in threaded connection with the first foundation bolt 7, the bottom of the second protective sleeve 15 is in threaded connection with the second foundation bolt 18, and the parallelism of the whole device and the axial section of the measured hole and the full contact of the main measuring structure and the lower bus of the hole are ensured during measurement; in addition, the top of the second sliding sleeve 3 and the bottom fulcrum of the first foundation bolt 7 are on the same circle of the X-Z axis plane, the top of the third sliding sleeve 17 and the bottom fulcrum of the second foundation bolt 18 are on the same circle of the X-Z axis plane, and the structure enables the main measuring structure to be relatively stable in the hole.
Measured values are obtained through the four sensors 10, the center of the axial section is calculated through related software of an externally connected computer system, the centers of other axial sections are obtained through repeated measurement calculation, and then data fitting is carried out to obtain the center line straightness error of the axial section.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, accuracy, reliability, portability, high efficiency and low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a measuring apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main measurement structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the measuring axial direction of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a radial schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the measuring device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a second cylinder; 2. a second protective cover; 3. a second sliding sleeve; 4. a second gland; 5. a second spring; a third spring 5 a; 6. a third connector; a fourth joint 6 a; a first connector 6 b; a second connector 6 c; a fifth joint 6 d; 7. a first anchor bolt; 8. a first cylinder; 9. a first sliding sleeve; 10. a sensor; 11. a first gland; 12. a first spring; 13. a cross-shaped protective sleeve; 14. a third cylinder; 15. a second protective cover; 16. a third gland; 17. a third sliding sleeve; 18. and a second footing bolt.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a deep hole straightness measuring device comprises a main measuring structure and auxiliary measuring structures connected to two sides of the main measuring structure;
the main measuring structure comprises a cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, sensors 10 are respectively arranged in four ports of the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, first springs 12 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the four ends of the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, a first sliding sleeve 9 is arranged on the outer ring of each first spring 12, a first pressing cover 11 is arranged at the top end of each first sliding sleeve 9, external threads are arranged at the bottom of each first pressing cover 11, and the external threads are connected with internal threads arranged on the inner wall of the port of the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13; the top end of the sensor 10 extends out of a small hole arranged in the center of the first gland 11;
the auxiliary measuring structure comprises a first connector 6b and a second connector 6c which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the center of a cross-shaped protective sleeve 13, one end of the first connector 6b and one end of the second connector 6c are fixedly connected with the cross-shaped protective sleeve 13 through straight screws respectively, the other end of the first connector 6b is in threaded connection with one end of a first cylinder 8, the other end of the first cylinder 8 is in threaded connection with one end of a third connector 6, the other end of the third connector 6 is fixedly connected with one side of a first protective sleeve 2 through a straight screw, the other side of the first protective sleeve 2 is fixedly connected with one end of a fourth connector 6a through a straight screw, the other end of the fourth connector 6a is in threaded connection with one end of a second cylinder 1, and the other end of the second cylinder 1 is externally connected with a propelling rod; a second spring 5 is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the first protective sleeve 2, a second sliding sleeve 3 is arranged on the outer ring of the second spring 5, a second gland 4 is arranged at the top end of the second sliding sleeve 3, an external thread is arranged at the bottom of the second gland 4, and the external thread is connected with an internal thread arranged in a port of the first protective sleeve 2; the bottom of the first protective sleeve 2 is in threaded connection with a first foundation bolt 7;
the other end of the second connector 6c is in threaded connection with one end of a third cylinder 14, the other end of the third cylinder 14 is in threaded connection with one end of a fifth connector 6d, the other end of the fifth connector 6d is fixedly connected with one side of a second protective sleeve 15 through a straight screw, a third spring 5a is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the second protective sleeve 15, a third sliding sleeve 17 is arranged on the outer ring of the third spring 5a, a third gland 16 is arranged at the top end of the third sliding sleeve 17, an external thread is arranged at the bottom of the third gland 16, and the external thread is connected with an internal thread arranged in a port of the second protective sleeve 15; the bottom of the second protective sleeve 15 is in threaded connection with a second foundation bolt 18; the top of the second sliding sleeve 3 and the bottom fulcrum of the first foundation bolt 7 are on the same circle of the X-Z axial plane, and the third sliding sleeve 17 and the bottom fulcrum of the second foundation bolt 18 are on the same circle of the X-Z axial plane, so that the circle center of the hole is determined, and the stability of the device in the hole is guaranteed.
The sensor 10 is a displacement sensor.
The sensor 10 is in data signal connection with an external computer system.
The span L between the first anchor bolt 7 and the second anchor bolt 18 is 120 mm.
The measuring method based on the deep hole straightness measuring device comprises the following steps:
1) before measurement, the measuring device is assembled and placed on a V-shaped block, and the distance between the second gland 4 and the first foundation bolt 7 and the distance between the third gland 16 and the second foundation bolt 18 are initially adjusted to be +1mm of the diameter of the measured hole pipe by a micrometer;
2) the sensor 10 is initialized: placing the measuring device on a smooth plane, and recording and reading the initial reading of the sensor 10 as a relative zero point through an external computer system;
3) putting the measuring device into the hole to be measured, enabling the sensor 10 to be tightly pressed on the inner wall of the measured hole, and acquiring and processing data by utilizing the four sensors 10 and an external computer system to obtain the position of the circle center of the axial section;
4) after a point is measured, the pushing rod pushes the measuring device to stably push a certain distance along the axial direction of the hole, and the circle centers of a plurality of groups of axial sections are obtained by repeating the measurement for a plurality of times;
5) and finally, fitting the data measured in the step 4) through external computer system software connected with data signals of the sensor 10 to obtain a plurality of groups of axial section center line straightness error data, and taking the maximum error value as the center line straightness error of the evaluated measured shaft.
And 4) measuring more than 10 circle centers of the plurality of groups of axial sections.
In the measuring process, the data of each group measured by the sensor is compared with the relative zero point initialized by the sensor 10 in the step 2), so that the artificial error caused by accurate centering and the measuring error caused by friction are avoided.
The device is positioned in the hole to be tested, and the distance of each axial advance is the span between the first foundation bolt 7 and the second foundation bolt 18, or is specifically adjusted according to the collected data points.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, before measurement, the measuring device of the invention is assembled and placed on a V-shaped block, a micrometer is used to initially adjust the distance between a second gland 4 and a first foundation bolt 7 to be +1mm of the diameter of a measured hole pipe, a sensor 10 is initialized, then the device of the invention is placed in the hole pipe, the first foundation bolt 7 and a second foundation bolt 18 form two supporting points, and the mathematical principle that only one straight line exists between the two points is utilized to ensure that the measuring device is fully contacted with a lower bus of the hole; the circle formed by the second sliding sleeve 3 and the first foundation bolt 7 and the circle formed by the third sliding sleeve 17 and the second foundation bolt 18 respectively ensure that the device is kept relatively stable in the measuring hole; the measuring device is stably pushed in the hole pipe by a pushing rod externally connected with the second cylinder 1, the distance pushed each time is the span between the foundation bolt 7 and the foundation bolt 8, namely L is 120mm, or the measuring device is specifically adjusted according to the collected data points and then collects data, measures a plurality of groups of data after repeated measurement, and fits the data by using external computer system software to evaluate the straightness of the axis.
Claims (8)
1. A deep hole straightness measuring device comprises a main measuring structure and auxiliary measuring structures connected to two sides of the main measuring structure; the method is characterized in that: the main measurement structure comprises a cross-shaped protective sleeve (13), sensors (10) are respectively arranged in four ports of the cross-shaped protective sleeve (13), a first spring (12) is arranged on the outer surface of each of the four ends of the cross-shaped protective sleeve (13), a first sliding sleeve (9) is arranged on the outer ring of the first spring (12), a first pressing cover (11) is arranged at the top end of the first sliding sleeve (9), external threads are arranged at the bottom of the first pressing cover (11), and the external threads are connected with internal threads arranged on the inner wall of each port of the cross-shaped protective sleeve (13); the top end of the sensor (10) extends out of a small hole arranged in the center of the first gland (11);
the auxiliary measuring structure comprises a first connector (6b) and a second connector (6c) which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the center of the cross-shaped protective sleeve (13), one end of the first connector (6b) and one end of the second connector (6c) are respectively and fixedly connected with the cross-shaped protective sleeve (13) through a straight screw, the other end of the first connector (6b) is in threaded connection with one end of the first cylinder (8), the other end of the first cylinder (8) is in threaded connection with one end of the third connector (6), the other end of the third connector (6) is fixedly connected with one side of the first protective sleeve (2) through a straight screw, the other side of the first protective sleeve (2) is fixedly connected with one end of the fourth connector (6a) through a straight screw, the other end of the fourth connector (6a) is in threaded connection with one end of the second cylinder (1), and the other end of the second cylinder (1) is externally connected with a push rod; a second spring (5) is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the first protective sleeve (2), a second sliding sleeve (3) is arranged on the outer ring of the second spring (5), a second gland (4) is arranged at the top end of the second sliding sleeve (3), external threads are arranged at the bottom of the second gland (4), and the external threads are connected with internal threads arranged in a port of the first protective sleeve (2); the first protective sleeve (2) is in threaded connection with a first foundation bolt (7); the other end of the second connector (6c) is in threaded connection with one end of a third cylinder (14), the other end of the third cylinder (14) is in threaded connection with one end of a fifth connector (6d), the other end of the fifth connector (6d) is fixedly connected with one side of a second protective sleeve (15) through a straight screw, a third spring (5a) is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the second protective sleeve (15), a third sliding sleeve (17) is arranged on the outer ring of the third spring (5a), a third gland (16) is arranged at the top end of the third sliding sleeve (17), external threads are arranged at the bottom of the third gland (16), and the external threads are connected with internal threads arranged in the port of the second protective sleeve (15); the bottom of the second protective sleeve (15) is in threaded connection with a second foundation bolt (18).
2. The deep hole straightness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor (10) is a displacement sensor.
3. The deep hole straightness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor (10) is in data signal connection with an external computer system.
4. The deep hole straightness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the span L between the first foundation bolt (7) and the second foundation bolt (18) is 120 mm.
5. The measuring method of the deep hole straightness measuring device based on claim 1 comprises the following steps:
1) before measurement, the measuring device is assembled and placed on a V-shaped block, and the distance between a second gland (4) and a first foundation bolt (7) and the distance between a third gland (16) and a second foundation bolt (18) are initially adjusted to be +1mm of the diameter of a measured hole pipe by a micrometer;
2) initializing the sensor (10): placing the measuring device on a smooth plane, and recording and reading an initial reading of the sensor (10) as a relative zero point through an external computer system;
3) putting the measuring device into a hole to be measured, enabling the sensor (10) to be tightly pressed on the inner wall of the measured hole, and acquiring and processing data by utilizing the four sensors (10) and an external computer system to obtain the position of the circle center of the axial section;
4) after a point is measured, the pushing rod pushes the measuring device to stably push a certain distance along the axial direction of the hole, and the circle centers of a plurality of groups of axial sections are obtained by repeating the measurement for a plurality of times;
5) and finally, fitting the data measured in the step 4) through external computer system software connected with data signals of the sensor (10) to obtain a plurality of groups of axial section center line straightness error data, and taking the maximum error value as the center line straightness error of the measured axis.
6. The measuring method of the deep hole straightness measuring device according to claim 5, wherein: and 4) measuring more than 10 circle centers of the plurality of groups of axial sections.
7. The measuring method of the deep hole straightness measuring device according to claim 5, wherein: a deep hole straightness measuring device compares data measured by a sensor with a relative zero point initialized by the sensor (10) in step 2) during measurement.
8. The measuring method of the deep hole straightness measuring device according to claim 5, wherein: the device for measuring the straightness of the deep hole is arranged in a measured hole, and the distance of each axial propulsion is the span between a first foundation bolt (7) and a second foundation bolt (18), or is specifically adjusted according to collected data points.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911030926.4A CN110608708A (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2019-10-28 | Deep hole straightness measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911030926.4A CN110608708A (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2019-10-28 | Deep hole straightness measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110608708A true CN110608708A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911030926.4A Pending CN110608708A (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2019-10-28 | Deep hole straightness measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111912371A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | RV reducer planet carrier clamping ring groove machining precision measuring system and method |
| CN112525132A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Petroleum pipe inner wall ovality measuring instrument and measuring method thereof |
| CN116222345A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-06-06 | 陕西深孔智越科技有限公司 | High-precision intelligent deep hole detection device and detection method |
-
2019
- 2019-10-28 CN CN201911030926.4A patent/CN110608708A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111912371A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | RV reducer planet carrier clamping ring groove machining precision measuring system and method |
| CN112525132A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Petroleum pipe inner wall ovality measuring instrument and measuring method thereof |
| CN116222345A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-06-06 | 陕西深孔智越科技有限公司 | High-precision intelligent deep hole detection device and detection method |
| CN116222345B (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-11-21 | 陕西深孔智越科技有限公司 | High-precision intelligent deep hole detection device and detection method |
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