CN110608136B - Hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of vertical-axis floating fan - Google Patents
Hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of vertical-axis floating fan Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110608136B CN110608136B CN201910874273.1A CN201910874273A CN110608136B CN 110608136 B CN110608136 B CN 110608136B CN 201910874273 A CN201910874273 A CN 201910874273A CN 110608136 B CN110608136 B CN 110608136B
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrodynamic brake
- vertical axis
- wind turbine
- hydrodynamic
- fan
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/90—Braking
- F05B2260/904—Braking using hydrodynamic forces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/107—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Abstract
The invention provides a hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of a vertical-axis floating fan, and belongs to the technical field of ocean renewable energy utilization. According to the invention, the vertical axis wind turbine is combined with the hydrodynamic brake, and in an emergency stop state, the driving motor receives signals to operate to drive the gear transmission system to work, the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate, then the hydrodynamic brake blade is opened, the hydrodynamic brake starts to work, and the resistance force acted on the hydrodynamic brake blade by water generates torque, so that the speed reduction and braking of the fan are realized, the emergency stop operation of the fan system is better realized when the fan system is subjected to extreme wind conditions, and the fan is prevented from being damaged due to over-speed rotation. The invention has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, very great effect on the speed reduction of the fan and high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean renewable energy utilization, and particularly relates to an integrated system combining a floating vertical axis wind turbine and a hydrodynamic brake.
Background
Currently, energy is rapidly in shortage, and renewable energy is a trend of energy development nowadays. The development start of the offshore wind power in China is late, and the development trend of the future wind power is gradually changed from onshore wind power to offshore wind power. At present, offshore wind power development in China is mainly focused on shallow sea areas mainly based on fixed foundations, and fan foundations are mainly based on traditional foundations such as single pile foundations, three piles and high pile caps. The cost of a fixed foundation will rise dramatically with increasing water depth and also present a significant technical challenge, so floating foundations are preferred in deep seas as the primary support structure for offshore fans. In deep sea, different floating foundations may be used, such as Spar floating platforms, semi-submersible platforms, and Tension Leg Platforms (TLPs). The types of fans are also mainly divided into horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines, wherein the vertical axis wind turbines are also paid attention to the advantages of simple tower technology, no yaw system, ground installation, convenience in maintenance and overhaul and the like. Unlike a horizontal axis wind turbine, in a vertical axis wind turbine having a Darrieus rotor, the wind turbine blades are pitched. When the incoming wind speed exceeds the limit value, the blades cannot rotate freely to obtain the rotating speed most suitable for wind power generation. In addition, in a large vertical axis wind turbine, only mechanical braking exists, and an air braking device is difficult to configure, so that when the wind turbine is subjected to excessive wind speed, if the mechanical braking device fails, the wind turbine cannot be stopped in time, and the wind turbine is seriously damaged. Therefore, how to ensure the emergency stop of the vertical axis wind turbine under the limit or fault working condition is one of the important directions of future vertical axis wind turbine research. The invention combines the vertical axis wind turbine and the fluid dynamic brake, and can effectively solve the problem that the vertical axis wind turbine stalls due to overlarge wind speed, thereby causing serious damage to the wind turbine. This has very great significance to future deep sea vertical axis fan strategic deployment. Conventional mechanical braking is subject to wear and tear, and can increase fatigue of mechanical parts, with certain limitations in application.
Disclosure of Invention
Because the Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine blade adopts fixed pitch control, the pitching control can not be carried out when the incoming wind speed is too high. The invention provides a hydrodynamic brake integrated system for a vertical axis wind turbine, aiming at the existing research technology on the premise that the braking performance of the vertical axis wind turbine is not good enough. The brake can effectively utilize water flow, is simple in device and easy to install, and can reduce the rotating speed of the rotor through the fluid dynamic brake when the incoming wind speed is overlarge, so that the torque is reduced, and the purpose of emergency stop is achieved by matching with mechanical dynamic braking.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of a vertical axis floating wind turbine, comprising a wind power generation system, a mooring system and a hydrodynamic brake 5.
The wind power generation system comprises a vertical axis wind turbine 1, a generator 2 and a semi-submerged floating platform 3; the semi-submerged floating platform 3 adopts a classical three-column structure and comprises main body columns and a central pontoon, wherein three groups of main body columns are connected with each other at equal intervals around the central pontoon through a truss structure and used for providing buoyancy, when the semi-submerged floating platform 3 is filled with ballast water, the gravity center of the system is reduced, the overall stability is improved, and meanwhile, the balance of the whole structure is achieved by adjusting the height of the ballast water of each main body column. The central pontoon is used for supporting the vertical axis wind turbine 1. The generator 2 is arranged on a central pontoon of the semi-submerged floating platform 3, and the top of the generator 2 is connected with the bottom of the vertical axis wind turbine 1; the vertical axis wind turbine 1 comprises vertical axis wind turbine blades and a vertical axis wind turbine main shaft, and the rotation of the vertical axis wind turbine blades directly drives the rotation of a rotor of the generator 2, so that electric energy is generated.
The anchor chain system comprises an anchor chain 4; one end of the anchor chain 4 is connected with the main body upright post of the semi-submerged floating platform 3 through a cable guiding hole, and the other end of the anchor chain 4 is connected with the bottom of the seabed through an anchoring system, so that the stability of the floating body is maintained.
The hydrodynamic brake 5 comprises hydrodynamic brake blades 6, a hydrodynamic brake spindle 7, a drive motor 8 and a gear train 9. The top end of the main shaft 7 of the hydrodynamic brake is connected to the bottom of the central pontoon of the semi-submerged floating platform 3 and is used for connecting the hydrodynamic brake with the central pontoon; the top of the main shaft 7 of the hydrodynamic brake is provided with a mounting box body, a driving motor 8 and a gear transmission system 9 are arranged in the mounting box body, and the driving motor 8 is used for driving the gear transmission system 9; the gear transmission system 9 comprises a driving gear 10 and a driven gear 11, and the driving gear 10 is connected with the driving motor 8; the driven gear 11 is connected to the tip of the fluid dynamic brake blade 6 through a rotation shaft. When the driving motor 8 starts to work, the gear transmission system 9 is driven to work, the hydrodynamic brake blade 6 is opened, the hydrodynamic brake 5 works, and the speed reduction and the braking of the vertical axis floating fan are realized.
Further, three fluid dynamic brake blades 6 are uniformly distributed outside the main shaft 7 of the fluid dynamic brake; the number of drive motors 8 and gear trains 9 corresponds one-to-one with the number of hydrodynamic brake blades 6.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the vertical axis wind driven generator is combined with the fluid dynamic brake, and in an emergency stop state, the driving motor receives a signal to operate to drive the gear transmission system to work, the driving gear rotates to drive the driven gear to rotate, then the fluid dynamic brake blade is opened, the fluid dynamic brake starts to work, and the resistance force acted on the fluid dynamic brake blade by water generates torque, so that the speed reduction and braking of the fan are realized, the emergency stop operation of the fan system is better realized when the fan system is subjected to an extreme wind condition, and the fan is prevented from being damaged due to over-speed rotation. The invention has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, very great effect on the speed reduction of the fan and high practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fluid dynamic braking system;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic of a hydrodynamic brake;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gear train of the fluid dynamic;
in the figure: 1 a vertical axis wind turbine; 2, a generator; 3 semi-submerged floating platforms; 4 anchor chains; 5 a hydrodynamic brake; 6 hydrodynamic brake blade; 7 hydrodynamic brake spindle; 8, driving a motor; 9 a gear transmission system; 10 a driving gear; 11 driven gears.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and technical solutions in order to enhance the understanding of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of a vertical axis floating wind turbine comprises a wind power generation system, a mooring system and a hydrodynamic brake 5.
The wind power generation system comprises a vertical axis wind turbine 1, a generator 2 and a semi-submerged floating platform 3. The semi-submerged floating platform 3 comprises main body upright posts and a central pontoon, wherein the three groups of main body upright posts are rigidly connected at equal intervals around the central pontoon through a truss structure, and the central pontoon is used for supporting the vertical axis wind turbine 1. The generator 2 is arranged on a central pontoon of the semi-submerged floating platform 3, and the top of the generator 2 is connected with the bottom of the vertical axis wind turbine 1. The vertical axis wind turbine 1 comprises vertical axis wind turbine blades and a vertical axis wind turbine main shaft, and the rotation of the vertical axis wind turbine blades directly drives the rotation of a rotor of the generator 2, so that electric energy is generated.
The anchor chain system comprises an anchor chain 4; one end of the anchor chain 4 is connected with the main body upright post of the semi-submerged floating platform 3 through a cable guiding hole, the other end of the anchor chain 4 is connected with the bottom of the seabed through an anchoring system, the stability of the semi-submerged floating platform 3 is guaranteed, and the bottom of the central pontoon of the semi-submerged floating platform 3 is fixedly connected with a hydrodynamic brake 5 (shown in figure 2).
The hydrodynamic brake 5 is mainly divided into four parts: hydrodynamic brake blade 6, hydrodynamic brake spindle 7, drive motor 8 and gear train 9. The main shaft 7 of the hydrodynamic brake is positioned at the center of the hydrodynamic brake and is used for connecting each blade and providing corresponding buoyancy for the hydrodynamic brake 5, so that after the hydrodynamic brake 5 is installed, the motion characteristics of the semi-submersible platform 3 are not influenced by the hydrodynamic brake 5; the top of the main shaft 7 of the hydrodynamic brake is provided with a mounting box body, a driving motor 8 and a gear transmission system 9 are arranged in the mounting box body, and the driving motor 8 is used for driving the gear transmission system 9; the three driving motors 8 and the three gear transmission systems 9 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the main shaft 7 of the hydrodynamic brake at equal intervals, and each driving motor 8 corresponds to one gear transmission system 9. The gear transmission system 9 comprises a driving gear 10 and a driven gear 11, and the three driving gears 10 are connected with corresponding driving motors 8; the three driven gears 11 are connected to the tips of the fluid dynamic brake blades 6 through rotation shafts, respectively. When the emergency stop is carried out, after the driving motor 8 receives a braking signal, the driving gear transmission system 9 starts to work, the driving gear 10 connected with the driving motor 8 starts to work, and the driven gear 11 is driven to rotate, so that the three hydrodynamic brake blades 6 are pushed to be opened, and the resistance of water to the hydrodynamic brake plays a role in decelerating the vertical axis fan. By the method, the rotating speed of the fan is reduced, so that the speed reduction and braking of the fan are realized, and the safety of the fan is ensured.
When the vertical-axis wind turbine is installed, the semi-submersible platform 3 and the hydrodynamic brake 5 can be fixed in advance, then the semi-submersible platform 3 is towed to a designated sea area in a floating mode, then the draft of the platform is adjusted through the injection of ballast water, the vertical-axis wind turbine 1 is installed on the semi-submersible platform 3 after the rated operation depth is reached, and finally the vertical-axis wind turbine reaches the normal operation water depth and starts to work formally.
When the wind speed is in the normal working range, the fan works normally, at the moment, the hydrodynamic brake 5 is connected with the central pontoon of the semi-submersible platform 3, the hydrodynamic brake blade is in a closed state, and the rotation of the hydrodynamic brake 5 does not affect the vertical axis wind turbine 1. When the cut-out wind speed of the wind speed fan or the shutdown or braking is needed due to failure, the driving motor 8 works, the hydrodynamic brake blade 6 is started, the rotation direction of the hydrodynamic brake 5 is the same as the rotation direction of the vertical axis rotor, the resistance of water to the hydrodynamic brake plays a role in decelerating and braking the vertical axis wind turbine, the rapid rising of the rotating speed of the fan is prevented, and the safety of the fan is ensured. And then, when the fan normally operates, the driving motor 8 receives signals and drives the gear transmission system 9 to reversely rotate, the hydrodynamic brake blade 6 is closed, and the fan starts to normally operate to generate electricity.
Claims (2)
1. A hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of a vertical axis floating wind turbine, characterized in that it comprises a wind power generation system, a mooring system and a hydrodynamic brake (5);
the wind power generation system comprises a vertical axis wind turbine (1), a generator (2) and a semi-submerged floating platform (3); the semi-submerged floating platform (3) adopts a three-column structure, comprises main body columns and a central pontoon, and three groups of main body columns are rigidly connected at equal intervals around the central pontoon through trusses and used for providing buoyancy; the central pontoon is used for supporting the vertical axis wind turbine (1); the generator (2) is arranged at the top of the central pontoon of the semi-submerged floating platform (3), and the top of the generator (2) is connected to the bottom of the vertical axis wind turbine (1); the vertical axis wind turbine (1) comprises vertical axis wind turbine blades and a vertical axis wind turbine main shaft, and the vertical axis wind turbine blades rotate to drive a rotor of the generator (2) to rotate, so that electric energy is generated;
the anchor chain system comprises an anchor chain (4), one end of the anchor chain (4) is connected to a main body upright post of the semi-submerged floating platform (3), and the other end of the anchor chain (4) is connected with the bottom of the seabed, so that the stability of the semi-submerged floating platform (3) is maintained;
the hydrodynamic brake (5) comprises hydrodynamic brake blades (6), a hydrodynamic brake main shaft (7), a driving motor (8) and a gear transmission system (9); the top end of the main shaft (7) of the hydrodynamic brake is connected to the bottom of the central pontoon of the semi-submerged floating platform (3); the top of the main shaft (7) of the hydrodynamic brake is provided with a mounting box body, a driving motor (8) and a gear transmission system (9) are arranged in the mounting box body, and the driving motor (8) is used for driving the gear transmission system (9); the gear transmission system (9) comprises a driving gear (10) and a driven gear (11), the driving gear (10) is connected with the driving motor (8), and the driven gear (11) is connected with the top ends of the hydrodynamic brake blades (6) through a rotating shaft; when the driving motor (8) works, the gear transmission system (9) is driven to work, the hydrodynamic brake blade (6) is opened, the hydrodynamic brake (5) works, and the speed reduction and the braking of the vertical axis fan are realized.
2. The hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of a vertical-axis floating fan according to claim 1, wherein three hydrodynamic brake blades (6) are uniformly distributed outside a hydrodynamic brake main shaft (7), and the number of driving motors (8) and gear transmission systems (9) corresponds to the number of the hydrodynamic brake blades (6) one by one.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910874273.1A CN110608136B (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of vertical-axis floating fan |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910874273.1A CN110608136B (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of vertical-axis floating fan |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110608136A CN110608136A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
| CN110608136B true CN110608136B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| CN201910874273.1A Active CN110608136B (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Hydrodynamic braking system for emergency braking of vertical-axis floating fan |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR102337859B1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-09 | 달리안 유니버시티 오브 테크놀러지 | Flat tree shape fan structure |
| CN115263662B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-06-16 | 山东大学 | Multi-rotor vertical axis fan with rotatable support frame |
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| CN102042179A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-05-04 | 国际昌 | Blade-collapsible, oil resistance-regulated and controlled vertical-spindle wind-driven generating device |
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| CN105649884A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 扈青丽 | Offshore wind energy and ocean tide energy combined power generation platform |
| JP2019039366A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-14 | サイエンスリサーチ株式会社 | Wind/hydraulic power generation device and power generation facility with the same |
| CN210660432U (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-06-02 | 大连理工大学 | Fluid power braking system for emergency braking of vertical axis floating type fan |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SE1551219A1 (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2017-03-24 | Seatwirl Ab | Floating wind energy harvesting apparatus with braking arrangement |
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2019
- 2019-09-17 CN CN201910874273.1A patent/CN110608136B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3017357A1 (en) * | 1980-05-07 | 1981-11-12 | L.V.U.- Lizenzvermittlungs-und Unternehmensberatungs-Gesellschaft mbH, 4600 Dortmund | Hydrodynamic energy converter with power control - has rotor on shaft mounted in brake tank, and has spring-loaded pivoted blades to increase resistance at high speed |
| EP0097635A2 (en) * | 1982-06-17 | 1984-01-04 | Etiene Vandervelden | Device for producing heat energy from a windmill or wind-turbine |
| JP2008063960A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-21 | Masataka Murahara | Ocean float type wind and water turbine fluid extracting power generating facilities |
| FR2945587A1 (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-19 | Jean Louis Aime Papel | Dynamic multiblade wind mill and water brewer coupling optimization device for e.g. remote village community building, has wind mill started by initially emptying water from water brewer |
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| CN210660432U (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-06-02 | 大连理工大学 | Fluid power braking system for emergency braking of vertical axis floating type fan |
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| CN110608136A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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