CN110604806A - 一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂及其制备方法,它是由下述重量份数的原料制成的:百合8‑10份;无花果果实8‑10份;川贝母5‑8份;桔梗根5‑8份;黄岑5‑8份;天南星4‑6份;半夏4‑6份;橘皮2‑3份;甘草1‑2份;生姜0.2‑0.5份,通过科学配伍精制而成,提供给患者使用,本产品能够治疗小儿咳嗽、痰多、痰浓等症状,具有清热润肺、止咳化痰、清咽利咽、补气利气的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药制剂领域,特别是涉及一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
咳嗽是一种防御性反射运动,可以阻止异物吸入,防止支气管分泌物的积聚,清除分泌物避免呼吸道继发感染。中医认为“咳嗽”是肺系疾患的一种十分常见的证候。有时为了更有的放矢地治疗,中医还将“有声无痰”之症称为“咳”,或称“干咳”,或称“咳呛”;而“有痰无声”者称为“嗽”;而有痰有声的才统称为“咳嗽”。因此中医所说的“咳”就相当于西医的“干性咳嗽”,而中医所说的“嗽”相当于西医的“湿性咳嗽”。小儿患上咳嗽,会给家长带来无尽的烦恼,原因之一是现如今治疗咳嗽的药物铺天盖地,可是就是难以止住孩子的咳嗽,原因之二是市面上的咳嗽药物口感不好,年龄较小的幼童不愿意吃药,家长们往往要花费很大的力气去说服孩子吃药,而一些家长甚至抱着观望的态度任其发展,等到程度加深的时候为时已晚,只能采取打针、住院的方式才能压制住病程的发展,影响孩子自身免疫力的提高。
因此,研究一种口感良好、纯中药的止咳制剂是近年来热议的课题之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的是向市场提供一种不同于现有配方且口感较好的治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂及其制备方法,为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是:
一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂,其特征在于:它是由下述重量份数的原料制成的:
百合8-10份;
无花果果实8-10份;
川贝母5-8份;
桔梗根5-8份;
黄岑5-8份;
天南星4-6份;
半夏4-6份;
橘皮2-3份;
甘草 1-2份;
生姜0.2-0.5份。
以上所述一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂制备方法及使用方法是:
1、按上述重量份数称取干燥的百合、无花果果实、川贝母、桔梗根、黄岑、天南星、半夏、橘皮、生姜、甘草可用于入药的部分,切碎,放入中药煲中加温水浸泡半个小时,水面超过药材3 -5 厘米,过滤,所得浸润药材加入10-15倍水,文火煎煮1-2个小时,过滤,得滤液A。
2、过滤所得药渣继续加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮半小时-1小时,过滤,得滤液B。
3、合并两次滤液,再以文火继续煎煮20分钟,得浓缩液,冷却,杀菌,装瓶,每瓶100毫升。
使用次数:每日服用三次,每次10毫升,十天为一个疗程。
本发明所选用的各类药材组分具有如下功效:
以上所述的百合,拉丁学名【Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker】,【别名】强蜀、番韭、山丹、倒仙、重迈、中庭、摩罗、重箱、中逢花、百合蒜、大师傅蒜、蒜脑薯、夜合花等,是百合科百合属(学名:Lilium)多年生草本球根植物,鳞茎含丰富淀粉,可食,亦作药用。【性味】甘;微苦;微寒,【归经】心;肺经 【功能主治】养阴润肺;清心安神。主阴虚久嗽;痰中带血;热病后期。
以上所述的无花果果实,为桑科榕属植物无花果【拉丁学名】Ficus carica L.的果实,其根及叶也入药。根全年可采;果、叶夏秋采,晒干用或鲜用。【别名】阿驲、阿驿、映日果、优昙钵、蜜果、文仙果、奶浆果、品仙果,【性味】:果:甘、平。根、叶:淡、涩,平。【功能主治】果:润肺止咳,清热润肠。用于咳喘,咽喉肿痛,便秘,痔疮。根、叶:肠炎,腹泻;外用治痈肿。
以上所述的川贝母,为百合科植物川贝母【拉丁学名】Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don的干燥鳞茎,【性味】苦、甘,微寒。【归经】归肺、心经。【功能主治】清热润肺,化痰止咳。用于肺热燥咳,干咳少痰,阴虚劳嗽,咯痰带血。
以上所述的桔梗根,为桔梗科植物桔梗【拉丁学名】Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.的干燥根。【性味】苦、辛,平。【归经】归肺经。【功能主治】宣肺,利咽,祛痰,排脓。用于咳嗽痰多,胸闷不畅,咽痛,音哑,肺痈吐脓,疮疡脓成不溃。
以上所述的黄岑,为唇形科植物黄芩【拉丁学名】Scutellaria baicalensisGeorgi的干燥根。【性味】苦,寒。【归经】归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。【功能主治】清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎。用于湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。
以上所述的天南星【拉丁学名】Arisaema heterophyllum Blume,【别名】南星、白南星、山苞米、蛇包谷、山棒子,天南星为历史悠久的中药之一,能解毒消肿、祛风定惊、化痰散结。主治面神经麻痹、半身不遂、小儿惊风、破伤风、癫癎。外用治疗疮肿毒、毒蛇咬伤、灭蝇蛆。用胆汁处理过的称胆南星,主治小儿痰热、惊风抽搐。
以上所述的半夏【拉丁学名】学名:Pinellia ternata,【别名】地文、守田、羊眼半夏、蝎子草、麻芋果、三步跳、和姑,【功能主治】燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结。用于痰多咳喘,痰饮眩悸,风痰眩晕,痰厥头痛,呕吐反胃,胸脘痞闷,梅核气;生用外治痈肿痰核。
以上所述的橘皮,【拉丁学名】Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae又称为陈皮,为芸香科植物橘及其栽培变种的成熟果皮。【别名】陈皮(孟诜),贵老(侯宁极《药谱》),黄橘皮(《鸡峰普济方》),红皮(《汤液本草》)。【性味】辛苦,温。【归经】入脾、肺经。【功能主治】理气,调中,燥湿,化痰。治胸腹胀满,不思饮食,呕吐哕逆,咳嗽痰多。亦解鱼、蟹毒。
以上所述的甘草,本品为豆科植物【拉丁学名】甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensisFisch.的干燥根。春、秋二季采挖,除去须根,晒干。【别名】甜草根、红甘草、粉甘草、粉草。【药性】甘,平。【归经】归心、肺、脾、胃经。【功能主治】补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。
以上所述的生姜,为姜科植物姜【拉丁学名】Zingiber officinale Rosc.的新鲜根茎。【性味】辛,微温。【归经】归肺、脾、胃经。【功能主治】解表散寒,温中止呕,化痰止咳。用于风寒感冒,胃寒呕吐,寒痰咳嗽。
本发明一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂各成分的药理功能是:
1、百合养阴润肺、化痰止咳、清热凉血。
2、无花果果实能润肺止咳,清热润肠,还能消积食、开胃,治食欲不振,因为按照中医的说法,儿童容易积食,积食则导致脾胃受损、体虚气虚,体虚气虚又会使人容易出汗、全身乏力、精神萎顿、头昏耳鸣、痰多或有水肿,从而导致机体的某些功能活动低下或衰退,抗病能力下降等衰弱的现象,因此服用无花果果实又可以消除积食,强健脾胃,无花果果实清甜芳香,不似一般的中药那样味苦,无花果果实的加入一定程度也可以提高中药的口感。
3、川贝母化痰止咳,桔梗根宣肺利咽,黄岑泻火解毒,半夏燥湿化痰,橘皮理气化痰,甘草祛痰止咳、调和诸药,生姜解表散寒,化痰止咳。
本发明的有益效果:
1、中医用药最讲究“君臣佐使”,在一个方剂中君药起主要作用,它的药量占得最多,臣药,佐药,使药,根据它们的作用不同药量依次递减,这就形成了中药配伍中特有的君臣佐使,这个规则千百年来一直被大多医家所遵奉。方剂发挥作用并不是组成这个方子的每一个单味药的功能的相加,而是每一种药组合起来以后,它们随着配伍当中,所选取的药物,或者取它相辅相成的作用,或者取它相反相成作用,是一个很综合的另外一种更多于这个单味药之和的这个功效的发挥。君:发挥主要治疗作用。臣:协助君药发挥作用。佐:制约药物毒性发挥。使:引导药物直达病所。在本发明所提供的方剂中,君药为百合和无花果果实两味药,它们具有清热化痰、补气利气、养阴润肺等作用,臣药为川贝母、桔梗根、黄岑、天南星、半夏它们也都具有清热燥湿、利咽祛痰等作用,臣药的加入大大增强了君药的作用,佐药则为甘草、生姜,生姜具有解表散寒的作用,因本方君药、臣药大多具有清热祛热的功效,加入生姜能够起到中和之用,而甘草具有解毒的功效,能够缓解服用药物所带来的毒性,橘皮则是本方剂中的一味使药,橘皮入脾、肺,能协君药、臣药、佐药的治疗作用,同时还可将诸药引导到所需治疗的脏腑和经络,这样使治疗作用更有针对性。
2、本发明采用成本低廉且易取得的中药制成,无毒副作用,且口感清甜,小儿较易接受。
3、本发明制备方法简单,适合现代化大规模生产,适合绝大多数患者家庭使用。
具体实施方式
实施例1,
取以下原料:
百合8 份;
无花果果实8 份;
川贝母5 份;
桔梗根5 份;
黄岑5 份;
天南星4 份;
半夏4 份;
橘皮2 份;
甘草 1 份;
生姜0.2 份。
以上所述一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂制备方法及使用方法是:
1、按上述重量份数称取干燥的百合、无花果果实、川贝母、桔梗根、黄岑、天南星、半夏、橘皮、生姜、甘草可用于入药的部分,加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮1-2个小时,过滤,得滤液A。
2、所得药渣继续加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮1-2小时,过滤,得滤液B。
3、合并两次滤液并浓缩至60℃相对浓度为1.10-1.15的浓缩液,冷却,杀菌,装瓶,每瓶100毫升。
使用次数:每日服用三次,每次10毫升,十天为一个疗程。
实施例2,
取以下原料:
百合9份;
无花果果实9份;
川贝母6份;
桔梗根6份;
黄岑6份;
天南星5份;
半夏5份;
橘皮2.5份;
甘草 1.5份;
生姜0.3份。
以上所述一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂制备方法及使用方法是:
1、按上述重量份数称取干燥的百合、无花果果实、川贝母、桔梗根、黄岑、天南星、半夏、橘皮、生姜、甘草可用于入药的部分,加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮1-2个小时,过滤,得滤液A。
2、所得药渣继续加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮1-2小时,过滤,得滤液B。
3、合并两次滤液并浓缩至60℃相对浓度为1.10-1.15的浓缩液,冷却,杀菌,装瓶,每瓶100毫升。
使用次数:每日服用三次,每次10毫升,十天为一个疗程。
实施例3,
取以下原料:
百合 10份;
无花果果实 10份;
川贝母 8份;
桔梗根 8份;
黄岑 8份;
天南星 6份;
半夏 6份;
橘皮 3份;
甘草 2份;
生姜 0.5份。
以上所述一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂制备方法及使用方法是:
1、按上述重量份数称取干燥的百合、无花果果实、川贝母、桔梗根、黄岑、天南星、半夏、橘皮、生姜、甘草可用于入药的部分,加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮1-2个小时,过滤,得滤液A。
2、所得药渣继续加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮1-2小时,过滤,得滤液B。
3、合并两次滤液并浓缩至60℃相对浓度为1.10-1.15的浓缩液,冷却,杀菌,装瓶,每瓶100毫升。
使用次数:每日服用三次,每次10毫升,十天为一个疗程。
应用实施例
经临床诊断治疗小儿咳嗽患者共50例,0-2岁患者15例,3-5岁患者20例,6-9岁患者15例,其中痊愈的40例,显效的10例,总有效率达100%。
案例1:黄XX,男,2岁, 2017年8月因感冒导致发热三天,随后被其家人带到医院治疗,退热后出现咳嗽的症状,一开始是干咳,数天后转为湿咳,家人为其开了几副中药服用,但因味苦,小孩不肯服用,哭闹不已,后其家人经熟人介绍服用本发明中药方剂,小孩开始能接受并服用,每天服用3次,每次10毫升,五天后痊愈。
案例2:李XX,女, 5岁,2018年2月因咽喉肿痛导致痰多、痰浓,咳嗽一周后不见好,其家人担心引起肺部疾病,故找到发明人,开始服用本发明中药方剂,服用3天后痰变稀,可以将痰咳出,连续服用十天后痊愈。
案例3:刘XX,女,7岁,2018年7月患上支气管炎,咳嗽不止,尤其晚上尤甚,睡不好,食欲不振,后其家人经朋友介绍开始服用本发明的中药方剂,每天服用3次,每次10毫升,服用1个疗程后咳嗽症状明显好转,连续服用15天后痊愈。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂,其特征在于:它是由下述重量份数的原料制成的:
百合8-10份;
无花果果实8-10份;
川贝母5-8份;
桔梗根5-8份;
黄岑5-8份;
天南星4-6份;
半夏4-6份;
橘皮2-3份;
甘草 1-2份;
生姜0.2-0.5份。
2.以上所述的一种治疗小儿咳嗽的中药制剂,其特征在于:它的制备方法是:
①、按上述重量份数称取干燥的百合、无花果果实、川贝母、桔梗根、黄岑、天南星、半夏、橘皮、生姜、甘草可用于入药的部分,切碎,放入中药煲中加温水浸泡半个小时,水面超过药材3 -5 厘米,过滤,所得浸润药材加入10-15倍水,文火煎煮1-2个小时,过滤,得滤液A;
②、过滤所得药渣继续加入6-8倍水,文火煎煮半小时-1小时,过滤,得滤液B;
③、合并两次滤液,再以文火继续煎煮20分钟,得浓缩液,冷却,杀菌,装瓶,每瓶100毫升。
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