CN110601236A - Capacity selection method and device of flywheel energy storage compensation device - Google Patents

Capacity selection method and device of flywheel energy storage compensation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110601236A
CN110601236A CN201910891938.XA CN201910891938A CN110601236A CN 110601236 A CN110601236 A CN 110601236A CN 201910891938 A CN201910891938 A CN 201910891938A CN 110601236 A CN110601236 A CN 110601236A
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electric quantity
compensation
energy storage
capacity
month
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CN110601236B (en
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李军
高嵩
王昕�
孟祥荣
李巍巍
张用
路宽
王文宽
姚常青
周长来
林波
孙萌萌
秦怡鸣
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/30Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Abstract

The invention provides a capacity selection method and device of a flywheel energy storage compensation device, which are used for selecting power grid evaluation index data which can reflect 6-12 months that a unit primary frequency modulation performance index is unqualified, and respectively recording actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index QiPercent; calculating and solving the compensation electric quantity required for reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index according to the recorded data, and solving the compensation electric quantity required for each month; according to the obtained monthly compensation electric quantity AiThe value is obtained, and the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage compensation device is obtained; and solving the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device needing to be increased according to the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage compensation device. According to the invention, reasonable flywheel energy storage device capacity can be selected according to the primary frequency modulation power grid evaluation index data under each working condition of the unit, and the dynamic rapid compensation of the frequency modulation power can be realized by the coordination of the flywheel energy storage device capacity and the unitThe optimization of energy storage configuration is realized, and the stable operation of a power grid is ensured.

Description

Capacity selection method and device of flywheel energy storage compensation device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of network source coordination control, in particular to a flywheel energy storage compensation device capacity selection method based on a power grid primary frequency modulation examination performance index.
Background
The large-scale utilization of fossil energy brings outstanding problems of resource shortage, environmental pollution, climate change and the like, brings great challenges to social sustainable development, and green energy and comprehensive energy become necessary choices. China is the country with the largest global new energy scale and the fastest development. The wind power grid-connected capacity is increased by 100 times in 10 years, the photovoltaic capacity is increased by 100 times in 5 years, and the installed capacities of wind power and photovoltaic are the first in the world. By 2018, the capacity of the wind and light new energy reaches 3.6 hundred million kilowatts, and accounts for 19 percent of the total installed capacity. China is forming a new pattern of energy development, and the development of green energy revolution, acceleration of energy structure transformation and improvement of energy utilization efficiency become the tasks of the times. The intermittent and fluctuating property of renewable energy power generation and the continuous improvement of permeability provide a serious challenge for the safe and stable operation and scheduling of the existing power system. The fluctuating and intermittent nature of new energy sources requires that the system must match a certain flexible power source. The power supply structure of China is mainly based on thermal power, the proportion reaches about 60%, particularly the proportion in the 'three north' area reaches 70%, the power supply is flexibly adjusted to be 6% in national pumping energy storage, fuel gas and the like, and the proportion in the 'three north' area is less than 4%.
The energy storage technology is used as an effective means for improving the consumption capacity of new energy, network source coordinated operation can be realized in multiple time scales such as millisecond level, second level, minute level and the like, and the stable operation capacity of a power grid under the condition of high-proportion access of the new energy is improved. At present, an energy storage technology is applied to the field of frequency modulation and peak shaving in the power industry, but generally, chemical energy storage is adopted, such as lead-acid batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries and the like, and the problems of limited charging and discharging times and the like exist, so that the energy storage technology is generally applied to AGC (automatic generation control) and belongs to the field of secondary frequency modulation. Flywheel energy storage (abbreviated as FES) is an advanced physical energy storage technology from aerospace, and is an energy storage mode that a Flywheel is driven by electric energy to rotate at a high speed, the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy, a motor is dragged by inertia of the Flywheel to generate electricity when needed, and the stored mechanical energy is converted into electric energy to be output (and the Flywheel discharges electricity). Different from other battery technologies, the advantages of the battery are realized on the charge-discharge characteristics of short time, high frequency and high power. The method is mainly applied to the fields of power grid frequency modulation, new energy station grid connection and the like. The flywheel has good energy storage power characteristics and high response speed: millisecond-level high-power charging and discharging and high reliability; high efficiency, maintenance-free: the magnetic suspension support has no friction loss, and the system maintenance period is long; the service life is long: the method is not influenced by repeated deep discharge times, and the service life is generally more than 15 years; green and environment-friendly, and has no pollution: physical energy storage, no chemical substance and no cell later-stage pressure recovery.
The stabilization of the transient frequency of the power grid is mainly realized by a primary frequency modulation function, and for the main components and the main frequency modulation of the current Chinese power grid, the primary frequency modulation of the thermal power generating set is realized by adjusting an air inlet adjusting door of a DEH (digital electric Hydraulic Control System, steam turbine digital electro-Hydraulic Control System), utilizing the heat storage of a boiler, quickly responding to the requirement of the power grid when the power grid is abnormal, stabilizing the power grid frequency, so as to make up the load difference of the power grid, and further maintain the safety of the power grid. The primary frequency modulation of grid-connected power plants of regional power grids of various domestic regional power grids is basically the same, for example, the primary frequency modulation qualification rate of northwest regional power grids is not less than 60%, and the primary frequency modulation qualification rate of Shandong power grids is not less than 70%. As shown in fig. 1, the primary frequency modulation lattice rate is equal to the percentage of the ratio of the actual integral electric quantity of the primary frequency modulation of the unit to the theoretical monthly integral electric quantity, that is, the ratio of the integral area a formed by the theoretical power curve 2 to the integral area B formed by the actual power curve 3.
Compared with AGC, the primary frequency modulation has the characteristics of high action frequency, small action amplitude and the like, so that the quick attenuation of the service life of a battery can be caused by selecting the conventional chemical batteries such as lithium iron phosphate and the like for the primary frequency modulation compensation, and the selection of a flywheel energy storage device for the primary frequency modulation compensation is all practical and feasible schemes. Because the price of the flywheel energy storage device increases along with the increase of the capacity, reasonable compensation capacity selection needs to be carried out according to the performance of primary frequency modulation of the unit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for selecting the capacity of a flywheel energy storage compensation device based on the evaluation performance index of primary frequency modulation of a power grid, which can select reasonable capacity of the flywheel energy storage device to be coordinated with the power set according to the evaluation index data of the primary frequency modulation power grid under each working condition of the power set so as to realize dynamic and rapid compensation of frequency modulation power, realize the optimization of energy storage configuration and ensure the stable operation of the power grid.
Specifically, the invention discloses a capacity selection method of a flywheel energy storage compensation device based on a power grid primary frequency modulation assessment performance index, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting power grid assessment index data capable of reflecting 6-12 months that the unit primary frequency modulation performance index is unqualified, and respectively recording actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index Qi%;
S2: calculating and solving the compensation electric quantity required by reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index in each month according to the recorded data;
s3: according to the obtained monthly compensation electric quantity AiCalculating the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
s4: calculating the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be increased according to the calculated average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
where i is 1,2 … n.
Preferably, in the step S1,
integral electric quantity contribution index
Preferably, in step S1, the selected month includes a month having a large influence on the primary frequency modulation.
Preferably, the months include summer peak load periods and steam extraction and heating periods.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
in step S2, the expected new integral electric quantity contribution index after the energy storage compensation is performed is:
thus, the required monthly compensation electric quantity is obtained
Preferably, in the step S2, ηBThe% is a standard reference value, and the value is 60-80% according to different regional power grids.
Preferably, in the step S3,
average value of compensation electric quantity required by energy storage device
Preferably, in step S4, the flywheel energy storage capacity to be increased is
The invention also provides a capacity selection device of the flywheel energy storage compensation device, which comprises the following components:
electric quantity recording module: selecting power grid assessment index data capable of reflecting 6-12 months that the unit primary frequency modulation performance index is unqualified, and respectively recording actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index Qi%;
The compensation electric quantity calculation module is connected with the electric quantity recording module and calculates and solves the compensation electric quantity required for reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index according to the recorded data;
the average value calculation module is connected with the compensation electric quantity calculation module and used for calculating the compensation electric quantity A according to the calculated compensation electric quantity AiCalculating the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
the compensation capacity calculation module is connected with the average value calculation module and is used for calculating the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be increased according to the calculated average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
where i is 1,2 … n.
Preferably, in the electric quantity recording module, the integral electric quantity contribution index
Preferably, in the electric quantity recording module, the selected month includes a month having a large influence on the primary frequency modulation.
Preferably, the months include summer peak load periods and steam extraction and heating periods.
Preferably, in the compensation power calculating module,
the new integral electric quantity contribution index is expected to be as follows after the energy storage compensation is carried out:
the required compensation electric quantity of each month is obtained
Preferably, etaBThe% is a standard reference value, and the value is 60-80% according to different regional power grids.
Preferably, in the mean value calculation module,
average value of compensation electric quantity required by energy storage device
Preferably, in the compensation capacity calculation module, the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be added is:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, reasonable flywheel energy storage compensation device capacity can be selected to be coordinated with the unit to realize dynamic rapid compensation of frequency modulation power according to the primary frequency modulation power grid evaluation index data under each working condition of the unit, and the optimal energy storage compensation configuration is realized.
(2) According to the invention, the capacity of the energy storage device is reasonably selected, the flywheel energy storage device is fully utilized to perform frequency modulation compensation, and the action of the unit is reduced while the energy storage is effectively utilized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a primary frequency modulation integral electric quantity index calculation chart.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a capacity selection method of the flywheel energy storage compensation device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a capacity selecting device of the flywheel energy storage compensating device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
For a better understanding of the present application, embodiments of the present application are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the method in this embodiment includes the following processes:
selecting power grid assessment index data capable of reflecting 6-12 months that the unit primary frequency modulation performance index is unqualified, and respectively recording actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index Qi%,i=1,2…n;
Wherein integral electric quantity contribution index
Calculating and calculating the compensation electric quantity required for reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index according to the recorded data, and expecting a new integral electric quantity contribution index after energy storage compensationObtaining the electric quantity to be compensated
According to the obtained monthly compensation electric quantity AiValue, calculating the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage compensation device
And solving the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device needing to be increased according to the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage compensation device.
Further, the selected months should include summer load peak periods, steam extraction and heat supply periods and other months with large influence on primary frequency modulation.
Further, ηB% is a standard reference value, and the power grids of all regions are slightly different, generally 60% -80%.
Further, due to QiAactualThe equal integral electric quantity is generally calculated according to KWh, the first 60s of data is generally taken in the primary frequency modulation examination of each regional power grid, and the flywheel energy storage device can keep full capacity to release power in the time of 100 plus 120s, so the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device needing to be increased is
The invention also provides a capacity selection device of the flywheel energy storage compensation device, which comprises the following components:
electric quantity recording module: selecting power grid assessment index data capable of reflecting 6-12 months that the unit primary frequency modulation performance index is unqualified, and respectively recording actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index Qi%;
Wherein integral electric quantity contribution index
The selected months should include summer load peak period and steam extraction and heat supply period, etc. which have great influence on the working condition of primary frequency modulation.
Compensation electric quantity calculation module: calculating and solving the compensation electric quantity required for reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index according to the recorded data;
the new integral electric quantity contribution index is expected to be as follows after the energy storage compensation is carried out:
the electric quantity to be compensated is obtained from the above
ηB% is standard reference value, and is taken according to different regional power gridsThe value is 60% to 80%.
The mean value calculation module: according to the obtained each compensation electric quantity AiValue, average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device
A compensation capacity calculation module: calculating the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be increased according to the calculated average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device
Taking the northwest regional power grid as an example, an application example of the method provided by the invention in an actual power grid is given.
In the northwest region, the auxiliary service management implementation rule of the grid-connected power plant is specified, and the monthly average qualification rate of the primary frequency modulation is as follows: the percentage of the ratio of the total actual monthly integrated electric quantity to the theoretical monthly integrated electric quantity of the primary frequency modulation of the generator set.
(1) The average primary frequency modulation qualification rate of the thermal power and gas turbine units is not less than 60 percent.
(2) The average qualification rate of the primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set is not less than 50 percent.
And compensating the monthly primary frequency modulation average qualified rate for 5 minutes according to the compensation rate of 1 percent higher. Wherein, the integral electric quantity of primary frequency modulation: when the frequency of the power grid exceeds 50 +/-0.033 Hz (the hydroelectric generating set is calculated according to 50 +/-0.05 Hz) and is recovered to 50 +/-0.033 Hz (the hydroelectric generating set is calculated according to 50 +/-0.05 Hz), the integral electric quantity of the difference between the actual generated output and the initial actual generated output is a positive value, and conversely, the high-frequency low-frequency high-frequency electric quantity or the low-frequency electric quantity is a negative value. The integral electric quantity of the primary frequency modulation of the unit in the month is the algebraic sum of the electric quantity of the primary frequency modulation when the frequency of the power grid exceeds 50 +/-0.033 Hz (the hydroelectric generating unit is calculated according to 50 +/-0.05 Hz) in the month.
In the network, a 300 MW-level positive pressure direct blowing type unit is taken as a main unit, and a 300MW unit is selected for analysis, and the unit cannot meet eta due to unqualified annual frequency modulation assessment performance indexesBThe requirement that the percent is more than or equal to 60 percent, so a set of flywheel energy storage compensation device needs to be built for auxiliary frequency modulation.
Firstly, selecting 12 months of power grid assessment index data which can lead the unit to have unqualified primary frequency modulation performance index, and respectively recording the actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index Qi%, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Primary frequency modulation performance index data table for 2018 years of certain 300MW unit
And respectively calculating and solving the compensation electric quantity required by reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index in each month according to the recorded data.In the same way, respectively obtain A2≥13.19,A3≥14.63,A4≥15.17,A5≥12.86,A6≥15.86,A7≥8.62,A8≥6.08,A9≥9.59,A10≥8.56,A11≥13.58,A12≥10.93。
According to the obtained monthly compensation electric quantity AiValue, calculating the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the flywheel energy storage compensation device
The capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device which needs to be increased is obtained according to the obtained average value of the compensation electric quantity needed by the energy storage device, because QiAactualThe equal integral electric quantity is generally calculated according to KWh, the first 60s of data is generally taken in the primary frequency modulation examination of each regional power grid, and the flywheel energy storage compensation device can keep full capacity to release power in the time of 100 plus 120s, so the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device needing to be increased is
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A method for selecting the capacity of a flywheel energy storage compensation device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting power grid assessment index data capable of reflecting 6-12 months that the unit primary frequency modulation performance index is unqualified, and respectively recording actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index Qi%;
S2: calculating and solving the compensation electric quantity required by reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index in each month according to the recorded data;
s3: according to the obtained monthly compensation electric quantity AiCalculating the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
s4: calculating the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be increased according to the calculated average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
where i is 1,2 … n.
2. The method of claim 1,
in the step S1, in the above step,
integral electric quantity contribution index
3. The method of claim 1,
in step S1, the selected month includes a month having a large influence on the primary frequency modulation.
4. The method of claim 3,
the months include summer peak load periods and steam extraction and heat supply periods.
5. The method of claim 2,
in step S2, the expected new integral electric quantity contribution index after the energy storage compensation is performed is:
the required compensation electric quantity of each month is obtained
6. The method of claim 5,
in the step S2, ηBThe% is a standard reference value, and the value is 60-80% according to different regional power grids.
7. The method of claim 5 or 6,
in the step S3, in the above step,
average value of compensation electric quantity required by energy storage device
8. The method of claim 7,
in step S4, the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be added is
9. A flywheel energy storage compensation device capacity selection device, characterized in that the device comprises:
electric quantity recording module: selecting power grid assessment index data capable of reflecting 6-12 months that the unit primary frequency modulation performance index is unqualified, and respectively recording actual integral electric quantity Q of each monthiAactualTheoretical integral electric quantity QiIdealIntegral electric quantity contribution index Qi%;
The compensation electric quantity calculation module is connected with the electric quantity recording module and used for calculating and solving the compensation electric quantity of each month required for reaching the qualified integral electric quantity contribution index according to the recorded data;
the average value calculation module is connected with the compensation electric quantity calculation module and used for calculating the compensation electric quantity A according to the calculated monthly compensation electric quantity AiCalculating the average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
the compensation capacity calculation module is connected with the average value calculation module and is used for calculating the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be increased according to the calculated average value of the compensation electric quantity required by the energy storage device;
where i is 1,2 … n.
10. The apparatus of claim 9,
in the electric quantity recording module, integral electric quantity contribution index
11. The method of claim 10,
in the electric quantity recording module, the selected month comprises a month with larger influence on the working condition of primary frequency modulation.
12. The method of claim 11,
the months include summer peak load periods and steam extraction and heat supply periods.
13. The method of claim 10,
in the compensation electric quantity calculating module, the compensation electric quantity calculating module is used for calculating the compensation electric quantity,
the new integral electric quantity contribution index is expected to be as follows after the energy storage compensation is carried out:
the required compensation electric quantity of each month is obtained
14. The method of claim 13,
ηBthe% is a standard reference value, and the value is 60-80% according to different regional power grids.
15. The method of claim 13 or 14,
in the mean value calculation module,
average value of compensation electric quantity required by energy storage device
16. The method of claim 15,
in the compensation capacity calculation module, the capacity of the flywheel energy storage compensation device to be added is as follows:
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CN112018785A (en) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-01 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 Receiving-end power grid flywheel energy storage frequency modulation method and system based on frequency disturbance complementation
CN113078659A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-06 西安热工研究院有限公司 Capacity selection method for AGC frequency modulation device of energy storage auxiliary thermal power generating unit
CN113270880A (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-08-17 华北电力大学 Flywheel energy storage capacity configuration method and system
CN113595109A (en) * 2021-09-06 2021-11-02 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 Flywheel energy storage capacity configuration method and device

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