CN110600877A - Ultra-wideband double-ridge horn antenna for 1-40GHz frequency band - Google Patents

Ultra-wideband double-ridge horn antenna for 1-40GHz frequency band Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110600877A
CN110600877A CN201910864215.0A CN201910864215A CN110600877A CN 110600877 A CN110600877 A CN 110600877A CN 201910864215 A CN201910864215 A CN 201910864215A CN 110600877 A CN110600877 A CN 110600877A
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ridge
metal
side wall
shell
ultra
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林澍
刘首岚
聂秋月
张仲麟
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0275Ridged horns

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Abstract

An ultra wide band double-ridge horn antenna for a 1-40GHz frequency band belongs to the technical field of antennas. The invention solves the problems of poor low-frequency band matching performance, high-frequency band directional diagram main lobe splitting and gain reduction of the existing double-ridged horn antenna. The horn comprises a ridge adding horn and a feed structure, wherein the ridge adding horn comprises a shell, an upper ridge and a lower ridge, the shell is of a rectangular cone structure, the left side wall and the right side wall of the shell are both metal grids, the upper ridge and the lower ridge are respectively and fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the shell, the upper ridge and the lower ridge are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, and ridge lines of the upper ridge and ridge lines of the lower ridge are both curves; the feed structure comprises a coaxial line, a metal floor and a waveguide section, wherein the metal floor is vertically arranged, and the coaxial line is horizontally arranged and is connected with the ridged loudspeaker through the metal floor and the waveguide section.

Description

Ultra-wideband double-ridge horn antenna for 1-40GHz frequency band
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultra wide band double-ridge horn antenna for a 1-40GHz frequency band, and belongs to the technical field of antennas.
Background
The ridged horn antenna is a typical ultra-wideband antenna form, has the advantages of a horn antenna such as high gain and stable radiation aperture, and also has an extremely wide operating band and a relatively small volume. Therefore, the ridged horn antenna is widely used in microwave measurement and electromagnetic compatibility test.
The existing ultra-wideband double-ridge horn antenna has the main problems that: the split gain of the high-frequency front directional diagram is reduced, the matching performance at the low frequency is poor, and the feed structure is complex.
The invention patent application with application number 201610068745.0 discloses a broadband double-ridged horn antenna, which is stable in directivity diagram in the range of 2-18GHz and stable in high-frequency gain according to the description of the specification, but has the problems of split directivity diagram in high frequency, reduced gain and poor matching performance at low frequency in the range of 1-40 GHz.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor low-frequency band matching performance, high-frequency band directional diagram main lobe splitting and gain reduction of the conventional double-ridged horn antenna, and further provides an ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna for a 1-40GHz frequency band.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an ultra wide band double-ridge horn antenna for a 1-40GHz frequency band comprises a ridge adding horn and a feed structure, wherein the ridge adding horn comprises a shell, an upper ridge and a lower ridge, the shell is of a rectangular cone structure, the left side wall and the right side wall of the shell are both metal grids, the upper ridge and the lower ridge are fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the shell respectively, the upper ridge and the lower ridge are arranged in an up-down symmetrical mode, and ridge lines of the upper ridge and ridge lines of the lower ridge are both curves;
the feed structure comprises a coaxial line, a metal floor and a waveguide section, wherein the metal floor is vertically arranged, and the coaxial line is horizontally arranged and is connected with the ridged loudspeaker through the metal floor and the waveguide section.
Furthermore, the coaxial line is inserted on the metal floor, the waveguide section comprises an upper metal transverse plate, a lower metal transverse plate, a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate, the upper side wall of the shell is connected with the metal floor through the upper metal transverse plate, the lower side wall of the shell is connected with the metal floor through the lower metal transverse plate, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected with the upper ridge through the first vertical plate, and the lower ridge is connected with the metal floor through the second vertical plate.
Furthermore, the top surface of the first vertical plate is an inclined surface, the highest point of the inclined surface is located on one side close to the upper ridge, and the lowest point of the inclined surface is located on one side close to the coaxial line.
Furthermore, the height of one side surface of the first vertical plate connected with the inner conductor of the coaxial line is 2.2mm, and the height of the other side surface of the first vertical plate connected with the upper ridge is 18-20 mm.
Further, the ridge line is in the form of the sum of an exponential function and a linear function, and the specific formula is as follows:
y=a×ekz+bz+yt,z∈[0,L0]
wherein L is0For the length of the ridged horn, z represents the linear distance of the ridgeline along the axial direction of the ridged horn, y represents the vertical distance from the ridgeline to the central axis of the ridged horn, a, b, k, ytAre parameters for adjusting the distance between two ridges.
Furthermore, the metal grid comprises a plurality of rectangular metal strips which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the ridged horn.
Further, the two metal grids are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the ridged horn.
Furthermore, the width of each rectangular metal strip is 2-3mm, the thickness of each rectangular metal strip is 0.1-0.3mm, the distance between every two adjacent rectangular metal strips on the same side is 18-20mm, and the number of the rectangular metal strips in each metal grid is ten.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
this application adopts the metal grid to replace left and right sides wall among the prior art, can improve the matching performance of loudspeaker at the low-frequency channel effectively, makes loudspeaker reduce to 1GHz at minimum cut-off frequency. The metal grids on the left side and the right side of the shell are equivalent to inductions between the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the shell, and the capacitors between the metal grids and the upper side wall and the lower side wall resonate in a low frequency band, so that the bandwidth of the antenna in the low frequency band is widened; meanwhile, the adoption of the metal grid is equivalent to the introduction of an additional radiator, so that the depression of a directional diagram can be inhibited, and the antenna gain can be improved.
The standing-wave ratio of the ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna is smaller than 2 in the frequency range of 1-40GHz, directional radiation is performed on a direction diagram in the whole frequency band, a main lobe is not split, and the gain is gradually increased from 3.49dBi at 1GHz to 16.3dBi at 40 GHz.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a feed structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a simulation curve of voltage standing wave ratio of 1-40GHz according to the present application;
FIG. 9 is a simulation curve of the gain of the present application at 1-40 GHz;
FIG. 10 is a simulated pattern of the E/H plane at 1GHz according to the present application;
FIG. 11 is a simulation directional diagram of the E/H surface at 18GHz according to the present application;
FIG. 12 is a simulated E/H plane directional diagram of the present application at 26.5 GHz;
FIG. 13 is the simulated E/H plane pattern at 40GHz according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 7, and the ultra wide band double-ridge horn antenna for the 1-40GHz band comprises a ridge horn and a feed structure, wherein the ridge horn comprises a shell 1, an upper ridge 2 and a lower ridge 3, the shell 1 is in a rectangular cone structure, the left side wall and the right side wall of the shell are both metal grids 11, the upper ridge 2 and the lower ridge 3 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the shell 1, the upper ridge 2 and the lower ridge 3 are arranged in a vertically symmetrical manner, and ridge lines of the upper ridge 2 and ridge lines of the lower ridge 3 are both curved lines;
the feed structure comprises a coaxial line 4, a metal floor 5 and a waveguide section 6, wherein the metal floor 5 is vertically arranged, the coaxial line 4 is horizontally arranged, and the coaxial line 4 is connected with the ridged loudspeaker through the metal floor 5 and the waveguide section 6.
The waveguide section 6 is positioned at the tail end of the ridged horn, except the coaxial line 4, all parts are made of light metal materials, the characteristic impedance of the coaxial feeder line is 50 omega, and the relative dielectric constant of a filling medium between the inner conductor 41 and the outer conductor 42 is 1.
The feed structure of the ridged horn is in a form of converting coaxial feed into waveguide, the coaxial line 4 is connected with the ridged horn through the metal floor 5 and the waveguide section 6, the ridged horn has extremely wide impedance bandwidth (40:1) and radiation pattern bandwidth, and a parallel feed method (the axial direction of the feed coaxial line 4 is parallel to the normal direction of the horn mouth surface) is adopted, so that the feed structure of the ridged horn is simplified, the processing is easy, and the weight is light.
This application adopts metal grid 11 to replace left and right sides wall among the prior art, can improve the matching performance of loudspeaker at the low-frequency channel effectively, makes loudspeaker reduce to 1GHz at minimum cut-off frequency. The metal grids 11 on the left side and the right side of the shell 1 are equivalent to inductions between the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the shell 1, and the capacitors between the metal grids and the upper side wall and the lower side wall resonate in a low frequency band to widen the bandwidth of the antenna in the low frequency band; meanwhile, the adoption of the metal grid 11 is equivalent to the introduction of an additional radiator, so that the directional pattern depression can be suppressed and the antenna gain can be improved.
The standing-wave ratio of the ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna is smaller than 2 in the frequency range of 1-40GHz, directional radiation is performed on a direction diagram in the whole frequency band, a main lobe is not split, and the gain is gradually increased from 3.49dBi at 1GHz to 16.3dBi at 40 GHz.
The coaxial line 4 is inserted on the metal floor 5, the waveguide section 6 includes an upper metal transverse plate 61, a lower metal transverse plate 62, a first vertical plate 63 and a second vertical plate 64, the upper side wall of the housing 1 is connected with the metal floor 5 through the upper metal transverse plate 61, the lower side wall of the housing 1 is connected with the metal floor 5 through the lower metal transverse plate 62, the inner conductor 41 of the coaxial line 4 is connected with the upper ridge 2 through the first vertical plate 63, and the lower ridge 3 is connected with the metal floor 5 through the second vertical plate 64. The inner conductor 41 of the coaxial line 4 is connected with the upper ridge 2 through a first vertical plate 63, the outer conductor 42 of the coaxial line 4 is connected with the metal floor 5, the outer conductor 42 of the coaxial line 4 is connected with the upper side wall of the shell 1 through the metal floor 5 and an upper metal transverse plate 61, the outer conductor 42 of the coaxial line 4 is connected with the lower side wall of the shell 1 through the metal floor 5 and a lower metal transverse plate 62, and the outer conductor 42 of the coaxial line 4 is connected with the lower ridge 3 through the metal floor 5 and a second vertical plate 64.
The inner conductor 41 of the coaxial line 4 is overlapped with the first vertical plate 63, and the upper metal transverse plate 61 is fixedly connected with the metal bottom plate, the upper metal transverse plate 61 is fixedly connected with the upper side wall, the lower metal transverse plate 62 is fixedly connected with the metal bottom plate, the lower metal transverse plate 62 is fixedly connected with the lower side wall, the first vertical plate 63 is fixedly connected with the upper ridge 2, the second vertical plate 64 is fixedly connected with the lower ridge 3, and the second vertical plate 64 is fixedly connected with the metal floor 5.
Compared with the prior art, the waveguide section 6 is simpler in structure and easier to process.
The top surface of the first vertical plate 63 is an inclined surface, and the highest point of the inclined surface is located at one side close to the upper ridge 2, and the lowest point is located at one side close to the coaxial line 4. By the design, the gradually changed waveguide section is beneficial to impedance matching, and ultra-wide impedance bandwidth can be realized.
The height of one side surface of the first vertical plate 63 connected with the inner conductor 41 of the coaxial line 4 is 2.2mm, and the height of the other side surface of the first vertical plate 63 connected with the upper ridge 2 is 18-20 mm.
The ridge line is in the form of the sum of an exponential function and a linear function, and the specific formula is as follows:
y=a×ekz+bz+yt,z∈[0,L0]
wherein L is0For the length of the ridged horn, z represents the linear distance of the ridgeline along the axial direction of the ridged horn, y represents the vertical distance from the ridgeline to the central axis of the ridged horn, a, b, k, ytAre parameters for adjusting the distance between two ridges. e is a natural index. The method adopts the ridge structure in the form of the index, can well realize the impedance transformation from the feed port to the free space, and further avoids the splitting and the gain of a high-frequency time direction diagramThe problem of drop.
The metal grid 11 comprises a plurality of rectangular metal strips 11-1 which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the ridged horn.
The two metal grids 11 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the ridged horn. By the design, the matching characteristic of the antenna at a low frequency band can be improved by the metal grid, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is widened, meanwhile, the introduction of the metal grid is equivalent to the introduction of an additional radiator, the radiation of the metal grid inhibits the splitting of a main lobe of a directional diagram at a high frequency band, and the gain of the antenna in the whole frequency band is improved.
The width of each rectangular metal strip 11-1 is 2-3mm, the thickness is 0.1-0.3mm, the distance between every two adjacent rectangular metal strips 11-1 on the same side is 18-20mm, and the number of the rectangular metal strips 11-1 in each metal grid 11 is ten.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to FIGS. 1-13, the metal floor 5, the waveguide section 6 and the ridged horn are made of aluminum, and the end of the housing 1 near the waveguide section 6 is a small end with a width a1The same width as the metal floor, wherein a1The value is 44-46mm, the other end of the shell 1 far away from the waveguide section 6 is a large end, the width Dx of the large end is 140mm, the thicknesses of the upper metal transverse plate 61, the lower metal transverse plate 62, the upper side wall of the shell 1 and the lower side wall of the shell 1 are the same, and the thickness h of the large end is the same11.2-1.5mm, the opening angle of the upper and lower side walls of the shell 1 is determined by the ridge line and the length L of the shell 10Determining where L0Is 205 mm.
The width w of the ridge is 4.0-5.0mm, and the height h of the ridge at the end close to the waveguide section 6318-20mm, the ridge line is in the form of the sum of an exponential function and a linear function, and the specific formula is as follows:
y=a×ekz+bz+yt,z∈[0,205]
wherein z represents the linear distance of the ridgeline along the axial direction of the ridged horn, y represents the vertical distance from the ridgeline to the central axis of the ridged horn, a, b, ytAre parameters for adjusting the distance between two ridges, a is 0.5, b is 0.002, k is 0.022, yt0.1, the distance between the upper ridge and the lower ridge near the feeding end is 2 x (a + y)t)。
The metal grid 11 comprises a plurality of rectangular metal strips 11-1 which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the ridged horn. The two metal grids 11 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the ridged horn. The width of each rectangular metal strip 11-1 is 2-3mm, the thickness is 0.1-0.3mm, the distance between every two adjacent rectangular metal strips 11-1 on the same side is 18-20mm, and the number of the rectangular metal strips 11-1 in each metal grid 11 is ten.
One side surface of the first vertical plate 63 close to the coaxial line 4 is a square with the side length of 2.2mm, and the center of the square is superposed with the center of the inner conductor 41; the length L of the inner conductor 41 extending out of the metal floor 5 (i.e., the length of the inner conductor 41 between the metal floor 5 and the first vertical plate 63)20.8-1.2 mm; the vertical distance between the center position of the metal floor and the central axis of the inner conductor is 1 mm.
Width D of the metal floor 51Is 62-64mm, and has a height D2Is 60mm, and has a thickness w1Is 3 mm;
length L of first upright plate 63 and second upright plate 641Same, L1The value is 31-33mm, the width of the first vertical plate 63 and the width of the second vertical plate 64 are the same as the ridge width w, and the height of one end, close to the shell 1, of the first vertical plate 63, the height of the second vertical plate 64 and the height h of one end, close to the waveguide section 6, of the ridge are the same as each other3The same;
simulation content:
the antenna structure described in the above embodiment is modeled and simulated by using simulation software CST.
And (3) simulation results:
referring to FIG. 8, the voltage standing wave ratio simulation curve of the embodiment of the invention at 1-40 GHz. It can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna is less than 2 in the frequency range of 1-40 GHz. The invention has good impedance bandwidth characteristics.
Referring to FIG. 9, the embodiment of the invention has a simulation curve of gain at 1-40 GHz. It can be seen that the gain is substantially stable at high frequencies without significant drop.
Referring to fig. 10-13, the E/H plane simulated patterns of the embodiments of the present invention at 1GHz, 18GHz, 26.5GHz, and 40GHz, respectively. It can be seen that the directional diagram of the antenna is stable in the frequency range of 1-40GHz, and the main lobe is basically free from obvious splitting phenomenon.
Other components and connection relations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Claims (8)

1. An ultra wide band double-ridge horn antenna used for a 1-40GHz frequency band is characterized in that: the horn with the ridge comprises a horn with the ridge and a feed structure, wherein the horn with the ridge comprises a shell (1), an upper ridge (2) and a lower ridge (3), the shell (1) is of a rectangular cone structure, the left side wall and the right side wall of the shell are both metal grids (11), the upper ridge (2) and the lower ridge (3) are fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the shell (1) respectively, the upper ridge (2) and the lower ridge (3) are arranged in an up-down symmetrical mode, and ridge lines of the upper ridge (2) and ridge lines of the lower ridge (3) are both curves;
the feed structure includes coaxial line (4), metal floor (5) and waveguide section (6), the vertical setting of metal floor (5), coaxial line (4) level sets up and coaxial line (4) and add the ridge loudspeaker between be connected through metal floor (5) and waveguide section (6).
2. The ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna for 1-40GHz band, according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coaxial line (4) is inserted on the metal floor (5), the waveguide section (6) comprises an upper metal transverse plate (61), a lower metal transverse plate (62), a first vertical plate (63) and a second vertical plate (64), the upper side wall of the shell (1) is connected with the metal floor (5) through the upper metal transverse plate (61), the lower side wall of the shell (1) is connected with the metal floor (5) through the lower metal transverse plate (62), the inner conductor (41) of the coaxial line (4) is connected with the upper ridge (2) through the first vertical plate (63), and the lower ridge (3) is connected with the metal floor (5) through the second vertical plate (64).
3. The ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna for 1-40GHz band, according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top surface of the first vertical plate (63) is an inclined surface, the highest point of the inclined surface is positioned on one side close to the upper ridge (2), and the lowest point of the inclined surface is positioned on one side close to the coaxial line (4).
4. The ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna for 1-40GHz band, according to claim 3, characterized in that: the height of one side surface of the first vertical plate (63) connected with the inner conductor (41) of the coaxial line (4) is 2.2mm, and the height of the other side surface of the first vertical plate (63) connected with the upper ridge (2) is 18-20 mm.
5. The ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna for 1-40GHz band according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: the ridge line is in the form of the sum of an exponential function and a linear function, and the specific formula is as follows:
y=a×ekz+bz+yt,z∈[0,L0]
wherein L is0For the length of the ridged horn, z represents the linear distance of the ridgeline along the axial direction of the ridged horn, y represents the vertical distance from the ridgeline to the central axis of the ridged horn, a, b, k, ytAre parameters for adjusting the distance between two ridges.
6. The ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna for 1-40GHz band, according to claim 5, characterized in that: the metal grid (11) comprises a plurality of rectangular metal strips (11-1) which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the ridged loudspeaker.
7. The ultra-wideband double-ridged horn antenna for 1-40GHz band, according to claim 6, characterized in that: the two metal grids (11) are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the ridged horn.
8. An ultra-wideband double ridged horn antenna for 1-40GHz band, according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the width of each rectangular metal strip (11-1) is 2-3mm, the thickness of each rectangular metal strip is 0.1-0.3mm, the distance between every two adjacent rectangular metal strips (11-1) positioned on the same side is 18-20mm, and the number of the rectangular metal strips (11-1) in each metal grid (11) is ten.
CN201910864215.0A 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 Ultra-wideband double-ridge horn antenna for 1-40GHz frequency band Pending CN110600877A (en)

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CN111525278A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-11 北京航空航天大学 Inverted ridge corrugated horn feed source antenna based on balanced feed
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111525278B (en) * 2020-04-20 2021-10-08 北京航空航天大学 Inverted ridge corrugated horn feed source antenna based on balanced feed
CN111525278A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-11 北京航空航天大学 Inverted ridge corrugated horn feed source antenna based on balanced feed
CN112366455A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-12 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 Asymmetric double-ridge horn antenna
US12100895B2 (en) 2021-07-28 2024-09-24 Nan Hu Ultra-wide band antenna using wave-absorbing material and dielectric
CN113594702A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-11-02 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 Ultra-wideband antenna using wave-absorbing material and medium
CN113594702B (en) * 2021-07-28 2022-03-04 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 Ultra-wideband antenna using wave-absorbing material and medium
CN113889745A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-04 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 Compact broadband circularly polarized antenna
US12142829B2 (en) 2021-09-30 2024-11-12 Nan Hu Compact broadband circularly polarized antenna
CN114665274A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-06-24 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Dielectric lens loaded broadband high-gain double-ridge horn antenna
CN114824808A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-29 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Double-ridge horn antenna based on linear tapered ridge width
CN115313050A (en) * 2022-08-09 2022-11-08 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 Double-ridge horn antenna
JP7367274B1 (en) 2022-08-17 2023-10-24 国防科学研究所 antenna device
US11916292B1 (en) 2022-08-17 2024-02-27 Agency For Defense Development Antenna apparatus
JP2024028088A (en) * 2022-08-17 2024-03-01 国防科学研究所 antenna device

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