CN110596807A - Waveguide structure, display device, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents
Waveguide structure, display device, and electronic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110596807A CN110596807A CN201910767771.6A CN201910767771A CN110596807A CN 110596807 A CN110596807 A CN 110596807A CN 201910767771 A CN201910767771 A CN 201910767771A CN 110596807 A CN110596807 A CN 110596807A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
- G02B6/0078—Side-by-side arrangements, e.g. for large area displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
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Abstract
The application is applicable to the technical field of optical devices, and provides a waveguide structure, a display device and electronic equipment, wherein the waveguide structure comprises a coupling-in area, a coupling-out area and a transmission area; the transfer region comprises N waveguide layers; n is a positive integer greater than 1; the incoupling region couples an incident light beam into the transfer region, and the light coupled into the transfer region is divided into N parts according to diffraction angles, and the light beam with a relatively small diffraction angle propagates in a waveguide layer with a relatively large thickness. The invention improves the tone-off energy and the tone-off range of the light beam.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of optical devices, and particularly relates to a waveguide structure, a display device and electronic equipment.
Background
In the prior art, a head-mounted display device uses a planar optical waveguide as a display device, including a grating optical waveguide or an array optical waveguide. In order to achieve the color imaging effect of the grating head-mounted display device, the prior art adopts a multilayer optical waveguide light splitting technology to transmit light of three colors of RGB, and filters light of different wavelengths by using a total reflection critical condition, so that light of a specific wavelength is transmitted in a specified waveguide layer.
For the optical waveguide coupled into the grating, in addition to considering the change of the grating diffraction angle along with the wavelength, the influence of the diffraction angle on the system field angle needs to be considered, for the light beams in different fields, the exit pupil field is also different due to the difference of the diffraction angle, which will cause the display effect of the waveguide to be poor, the entrance pupil image cannot be clearly and completely output to the human eye, and because the coupled-in grating has a certain size, when part of the light beams are propagated in the waveguide, the phenomenon of re-coupling into the grating occurs, which causes energy loss, and also affects the display effect of the corresponding FOV. Therefore, improving the different-field-of-view beam- -out ranges and the energy-out uniformity has an important effect on improving the output effect of the image.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a waveguide structure, a display device and an electronic device, which can solve the technical problems in the related art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide structure, including: a coupling-in region, a coupling-out region and a transfer region;
the transfer region comprises N waveguide layers; n is a positive integer greater than 1; the N waveguide layers are a first waveguide layer, a second waveguide layer, … … and an Nth waveguide layer in sequence according to the sequence from small to large of the distance from the coupling-in area;
the incident light beam is divided into N directions of diffracted light after being diffracted by the coupling-in area, and the N directions of diffracted light are coupled to the transfer area; the diffracted light in the N directions is a first part of light, a second part of light, … … and an N part of light in sequence according to the order of the diffraction angles from big to small;
the first part of light is totally reflected in the first waveguide layer; the second part of light is totally reflected in a waveguide layer formed by the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer; … …, respectively; the Nth part of light is totally reflected in the waveguide layer formed by the first waveguide layer, the second waveguide layer, … … and the Nth waveguide layer;
the first part of light, the second part of light, … … and the Nth part of light which are subjected to total reflection enter the coupling-out area and then are emitted.
Through set up the waveguide layer more than two-layer in the transfer area, the light that will couple in the waveguide is divided into more than two parts according to the diffraction angle, make the light beam that the diffraction angle is relatively little propagate in the relatively great waveguide layer of thickness, avoid returning to the coupling area once more at the reflection in-process and cause out the TONG energy impaired, make the light beam that the diffraction angle is relatively big propagate in the relatively less waveguide layer of thickness simultaneously, expanded out the TONG visual field, and then promoted the play TONG scope of light beam.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a display device comprising a waveguide structure as described in the first aspect.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which is characterized by comprising the display device according to the second aspect.
It is understood that, the beneficial effects of the second aspect and the third aspect can be referred to the related description of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of improving the tone-out energy of an edge field beam according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of expanding the range of different field angles corresponding to the tone-out range of the light beam according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of light propagation through a waveguide structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of light propagation in a waveguide structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to" determining "or" in response to detecting ". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
Furthermore, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for distinguishing between descriptions and not necessarily for describing or implying relative importance.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but rather "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the waveguide structure 100 includes a coupling-in region 101, a coupling-out region 102, and a transfer region 103. The in-coupling area 101 is configured to receive light associated with an input image, the out-coupling area 102 is a light beam output end, and the transfer area 103 is disposed on an optical path between the in-coupling area 101 and the out-coupling area 102, and configured to transfer the light received by the in-coupling area 101 to the out-coupling area 102 and output a light beam. The waveguide structure 100 may be a head-mounted display device, such as an AR device, a heads-up display, or the like.
In some embodiments, the coupling-in area 101 and the coupling-out area 102 may be diffraction gratings with a grating period of several hundred nanometers, such as planar gratings, blazed gratings, or volume holographic gratings, etc.; and may also be Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE). The incoupling zone 101 separates and redirects the incident light, the separation (called the optical order) and the angular variation depending on the characteristics of the diffraction grating. Generally, the range of the in-coupling region 101 is the entrance pupil range, the range of the out-coupling region 102 is the exit pupil range, and furthermore, the out-coupling region 102 together with the transfer region 103 constitute a TONG-extension region to extend the beam-TONG-range and improve the energy uniformity of the different field-of-view beams at the TONG-exit. In a non-limiting embodiment, the dimensions of the in-coupling region 101 and the out-coupling region 102 may be determined according to the TONG-out size and characteristics of the optical system.
In some embodiments, the transfer region 103 includes a substrate, an optical glass, or an optical resin material (e.g., BK-7 glass, etc.), and when an incident light beam is greater than a critical angle of total reflection of the substrate or the optical glass, the incident light beam can implement total reflection inside thereof. When the transmission region 103 is a substrate, the surface of the substrate may be plated with a reflective material. In the present embodiment, when the diffraction angle is larger than the critical angle for total reflection inside the transfer region 103 after the light is diffracted by the incoupling region 101, the light will realize total reflection inside the transfer region 103.
The coupling-in region 101 and the coupling-out region 102 may be embedded in the transfer region 103, or may be disposed outside the outer surface of the transfer region 103. That is, the coupling-in region 101 and the coupling-out region 102 may be completely embedded (disposed inside the outer surface of the transfer region 103) or partially embedded in the transfer region 103, or may be disposed outside the outer surface of the transfer region 103. Of course, other arrangements are possible and not limiting herein.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of improving the tone-out energy of an edge field beam according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the schematic diagram includes a display engine 10, a waveguide structure 200, and an eye 20. Wherein the waveguide structure 200 comprises a coupling-in region 201, a coupling-out region 202 and a transfer region 203, the coupling-in region 201 and the coupling-out region 202 being arranged outside a front side surface 210 of the transfer region 203; display engine 10 is shown facing front side surface 210; eye 20 is shown facing posterior surface 220. The engine 10 is shown emitting at an incident angle θ1The light to the waveguide structure 200 is diffracted by the coupling-in region 201, enters the transmission region 203, is totally reflected by the transmission region 203, and then exits from the coupling-out region 202 to the eye 20.
As shown in fig. 2, the display engine 10 includes an illuminator 11, an image former 12, and a collimating lens 13, but is not limited thereto in other embodiments, and fig. 2 is merely an example and is not a limitation. The image former 12 may be implemented using transmissive projection technology, where the light source is modulated by an optically active material and the backlight is white light, which is typically implemented with a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) type Display having a powerful backlight and a high optical density. The illuminator 11 may provide the above-described backlight. The image former 12 may also be implemented using reflection technology, where external light is reflected and modulated by an optically active material. The image former 12 alone or in combination with the illuminator 11 may also be referred to as a microdisplay. The collimating lens 13 is arranged to receive the divergent display image from the image former 12, to collimate, converge the display image, and to direct the collimated image towards the in-coupling region 201 of the waveguide structure 200. In one non-limiting embodiment, the size of the entrance pupil associated with the waveguide structure 200 may be the same as, or smaller than, the size of the outgoing tone associated with the image former 12. In a non-limiting embodiment, the TONG size is about 5 mm. Of course, the design can be reasonably designed according to specific requirements, and the design is not limited here.
It should be noted that, although the coupling-in region 201 and the coupling-out region 202 are shown in fig. 2 to be disposed on the same surface of the transfer region 203, in other embodiments of the present application, the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region may also be disposed on different surfaces of the transfer region. In other embodiments of the present application, the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region may also be integrated with the transfer region, that is, the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are part of the optical structure of the transfer region. It should be noted that, when the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are disposed on the same surface of the transmission region 203, they may be disposed on the outer surface of the surface, or may be disposed on the inner surface of the surface, and they may be disposed on the same plane, or may be disposed on the substantially same plane, or may be disposed on different planes. It should be noted that, while the display engine 10 and the eye 20 are shown on different sides of the transfer area 203 in fig. 2, in other embodiments of the present application, the display engine 10 and the eye 20 may also be located on the same side of the transfer area 203. That is, only the output light of the waveguide structure is directed toward the eyes of the viewer, and the present application does not specifically define specific positions of the in-coupling region 201 and the out-coupling region 202 in the waveguide structure, nor does it specifically define angles of the output light of the waveguide structure, and the like.
With continued reference to FIG. 2, the light beam 21 exiting the display engine 10 is shown at an angle θ1Is incident on the incoupling region 201 and has a diffraction angleInto the transfer region 203. in the prior art, the thickness of the waveguide layer of the transfer region 203 is H1In a thickness of H1Due to the diffraction angle of the light beam 21 when the transmission region 203 of (2) is totally internally reflectedSmaller, therefore, a part of the light beam 22 will return to the coupling-in region 201, which will cause the energy of the light beam 22' exiting from the coupling-out region 202 to be damaged, and affect the display effect of the light beam corresponding to the field of view.
In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the waveguide layer in the transmission region 203 is increased to H2It can be ensured that the energy of the light beam with a very small diffraction angle is not damaged, and it can be understood that, in this embodiment, when the light beam 23 is totally reflected inside the transfer region 202, the light beam will not return to the coupling region 201 again, so that the energy of the corresponding emergent light beam 23' is increased, and the display effect of the corresponding view field of the light beam is further improved.
It should be noted that the thickness of the waveguide layer in the transmission region is related to the diffraction angle, the entrance pupil size and the extended exit pupil range of the light beam, and needs to be designed according to specific requirements.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of expanding different field angle corresponding beam-out-tone ranges according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that, similar to the waveguide propagation principle of fig. 2, the difference is that when the emission beam 31 of the display engine 10 (the description of the display engine 10 can refer to the embodiment shown in fig. 2) has an incident angle θ2Is incident on the incoupling region 301 and at a diffraction angleWhen entering the transmission region 303, the diffraction angleCompareBecomes large, and results in a limited-ton-like field of view within the same-ton range after propagation within the limited-length transfer region 303, as shown in fig. 3 when the thickness of the waveguide layer of the transfer region 303 is H3While the light beam 32 propagating in the transmission region 303 enters the coupling-out region 302, only one light beam 32' exiting from the coupling-out region 302 obviously affects the expansion of the tone-splitting, reducing the display effect, resulting in a reduced field of view of the image received by the eye 20,the image associated with the input field of view cannot even be received in its entirety.
In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the waveguide layer in the transmission region 303 is reduced to H4The tone-out range is extended within the limited tone-out size. When the thickness of the waveguide layer in the transfer region 303 is reduced to H as shown in FIG. 34When the light beam 33 propagating through the transmission region 303 enters the coupling-out region 302, the let-off range of the light beam 33 'exiting from the coupling-out region 302 is wider than that of the coupling-out light beam 32', and thus the display effect of the system is improved.
Similarly, it should be noted that the thickness of the waveguide layer in the transmission region is related to the diffraction angle, the entrance pupil size and the extended exit pupil range of the optical beam, and needs to be designed according to specific requirements.
It should be noted that when the light beam is at a normal incidence angle, such as θ1When incident on the grating, the diffraction angle is of a certain value, e.g.Then, as the incident angle decreases, the diffraction angle of the light beam exiting from the grating will gradually increase.
Based on the principle diagrams of the ton-out energy and the range of the expanded beam shown in fig. 2 and 3, the embodiment of the present application proposes a structural diagram of a waveguide structure, as shown in fig. 4.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the waveguide structure 400 comprises a coupling-in region 401, a coupling-out region 402 and a transfer region 403. Wherein the transmission region 403 comprises a high refractive index layer 41, a Liquid Optical Clear Adhesive (LOCA) layer 42, and a high refractive index layer 43. The high refractive index layer may be a substrate, glass, optical glass, or the like. Generally, the high refractive index layer has a refractive index in the interval of 1.5 to 2.0, and the LOCA layer has a refractive index lower than 1.5. More generally, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer are concepts of relatively high and low, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer being higher than the refractive index of the low refractive index layer; for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the high refractive index layer 41 and the high refractive index layer 43 may have the same refractive index, or may have different refractive indexes, as long as the refractive indexes of the two layers are greater than that of the LOCA layer. Note that the high refractive index layer 41 and the LOCA layer 42 constitute a first waveguide layer, and the LOCA layer 42 and the high refractive index layer 43 constitute a second waveguide layer. In other embodiments of the present application, the low refractive index layer may also be an air layer. When the LOCA layer is used as the low-refractive-index layer, the LOCA layer is not only used as the low-refractive-index layer, but also has the function of tightly bonding the layers in the waveguide structure, so that the waveguide structure is more compact, and the light propagation effect is improved.
In some embodiments, the coupling-in area 401 may be disposed on an outer surface (as shown by a solid line in fig. 4) or an inner surface (as shown by a dotted line in fig. 4) of the transfer area 403, the coupling-out area 402 may be disposed on an outer surface (as shown by a solid line in fig. 4) or an inner surface (as shown by a dotted line in fig. 4) of the transfer area 403, and the coupling-out area 402 may be disposed on an outer surface of the transfer area 403 opposite to the coupling-in area 401, and the like, which are not limited herein.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present application, the transfer region may further include more waveguide layers, such as three layers, four layers, five layers, and the like. The embodiment of fig. 4 is illustrated with only two waveguide layers, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. In the embodiment where the transmission region includes more waveguide layers, each waveguide layer added later is a repetition of the second waveguide layer in fig. 4 on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 4, that is, each added waveguide layer includes a low refractive index layer (such as a LOCA layer) and a high refractive index layer, and in this case, the refractive indexes of the high refractive index layers in each waveguide layer may be all the same, may be partially the same, or may be completely different; the refractive indices of the low-refractive-index layers in the respective waveguide layers may be all the same, may be partially the same, or may be completely different. In the embodiment of the present application, only the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is higher than that of the low refractive index layer, and the refractive index of each high refractive index layer and the refractive index of each low refractive index layer may be set according to specific requirements, which is not specifically limited in the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of light propagation based on the waveguide structure shown in fig. 4. A light beam with a certain Field of view (FOV) emitted from the display engine 10 (the description of the display engine 10 can refer to the embodiment shown in fig. 2) is diffracted by the coupling-in region 501, and then is divided into a first direction and a second direction according to the difference of the diffraction directions, wherein the light beam included in the first direction is denoted as a first part of light, and the light beam included in the second direction is denoted as a second part of light. The beam diffraction angle included in the first portion of light is not smaller than the beam diffraction angle included in the second portion of light.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, a first portion of light shown by a dotted line in the transmission region 503, such as diffracted light of the light beam 51 diffracted by the coupling-in region 501, will be totally reflected in the first waveguide layer and will exit the light beam 51' from the coupling-out region 502 to the eye 20; the second part of the light shown by the solid line in the transmission region 503, such as the diffracted light of the light beam 52 diffracted by the coupling-in region 501, will be totally reflected in the waveguide layer composed of the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer, and will exit the light beam 52' from the coupling-out region to the eye 20.
It should be noted that the waveguide structure 500 may also be configured as a waveguide structure including two or more waveguide layers (denoted as N layers), and the waveguide structure is reasonably configured according to specific requirements, which is not limited herein. It will be appreciated that when arranged as an N-layer waveguide layer, the corresponding diffracted beam will be split into N portions of light, which can all propagate totally reflected in the waveguide structure. The illustration of only the first direction and the second direction in fig. 5 is only an exemplary illustration and does not constitute a specific limitation of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of light propagation in a waveguide structure according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the explanation is divided into four steps, including steps 61 to 64.
Step 61: coupling light into the waveguide, the light corresponding to an image associated with the input light-tone and having a corresponding FOV;
step 62: dividing the diffraction direction of light passing through the coupling-in region into a first direction, a second direction, … and an Nth direction (N is a positive integer greater than 1, and the N directions are continuously distributed) at certain intervals, wherein the light contained in the first direction is marked as a first part of light, the light contained in the second direction is marked as a second part of light, …, and the light contained in the Nth direction is marked as the Nth part of light;
and step 63: the first part of light is totally reflected in the first waveguide layer; the second part of light is totally reflected in the waveguide layer formed by the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer; …, respectively; the Nth part of light is totally reflected in the waveguide layers consisting of the first waveguide layer, the second waveguide layer, … and the Nth waveguide layer;
step 64: the first, second, …, nth portions of the light, which are totally reflected, are combined and exit the waveguide from the outcoupling region.
This application is through setting up the waveguide layer more than two-layer, the light that will couple in the waveguide is divided into more than two parts according to the diffraction angle, make the light beam that the diffraction angle is relatively little propagate in the relatively great waveguide layer of thickness, avoid returning the coupling-in area once more at the reflection in-process and cause out the TONG energy impaired, make the light beam that the diffraction angle is relatively big propagate in the relatively less waveguide layer of thickness simultaneously, expanded out the TONG visual field, and then promoted the play TONG scope of light beam.
An embodiment of the present application provides a display device, which includes a display engine (the description of the display engine can refer to the embodiment shown in fig. 2) and the waveguide structure provided in the above embodiment (such as the waveguide structure in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 or fig. 5).
An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes the display device of the foregoing embodiment.
Electronic devices include, but are not limited to, wearable devices, such as head mounted display devices. Head mounted displays include, but are not limited to, Augmented Reality (AR) devices or heads-up displays, and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A waveguide structure, comprising: a coupling-in region, a coupling-out region and a transfer region;
the transfer region comprises N waveguide layers; n is a positive integer greater than 1; the N waveguide layers are a first waveguide layer, a second waveguide layer, … … and an Nth waveguide layer in sequence according to the sequence from small to large of the distance from the coupling-in area;
the incident light beam is divided into N directions of diffracted light after being diffracted by the coupling-in area, and the N directions of diffracted light are coupled to the transfer area; the diffracted light in the N directions is a first part of light, a second part of light, … … and an N part of light in sequence according to the order of the diffraction angles from big to small;
the first part of light is totally reflected in the first waveguide layer; the second part of light is totally reflected in a waveguide layer formed by the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer; … …, respectively; the Nth part of light is totally reflected in the waveguide layer formed by the first waveguide layer, the second waveguide layer, … … and the Nth waveguide layer;
the first part of light, the second part of light, … … and the Nth part of light which are subjected to total reflection enter the coupling-out area and then are emitted.
2. The waveguide structure of claim 1 wherein each of the waveguide layers comprises a high index layer and a low index layer, the high index layer having a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the low index layer.
3. The waveguide structure of claim 2 wherein said transition region comprises said high index layer and said low index layer spaced apart.
4. A waveguide structure according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the low refractive index layer is a liquid optical glue layer.
5. A waveguide structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region comprise diffraction gratings or diffractive optical elements.
6. A waveguide structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are provided at the same surface or different surfaces of the transfer region.
7. A waveguide structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region is provided integrally with the transfer region.
8. A display device comprising a waveguide structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The display device of claim 8, further comprising a display engine for impinging an incident light beam having a preset field angle toward the incoupling region of the waveguide structure.
10. An electronic device, which is a wearable display device, comprising the display apparatus according to claim 8 or 9.
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| CN111474711A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-31 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Holographic waveguide display device and augmented reality display apparatus |
| CN111679362A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-18 | 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 | Optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system |
| CN113075767A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-06 | 宁波舜宇奥来技术有限公司 | Optical waveguide structure and near-eye display |
| WO2022012244A1 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-20 | 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 | Near-eye display device, optical structure suitable for near-eye display device, and assembly method for optical structure |
| CN114660715A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-24 | 宁波舜宇奥来技术有限公司 | Preparation method of waveguide module |
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