CN110595618A - Control device and method for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging - Google Patents
Control device and method for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging Download PDFInfo
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- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
Abstract
The invention relates to a control device and a control method for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging. A control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging comprises a synchronous control pulse generation module, a gate control photon counting module, a first random measurement matrix loading module, a pulse stretching module, a first USB interface communication module, a second USB interface communication module, a random measurement matrix generation module, a second random measurement matrix loading module and a deflection degree control loading module of a polaroid. The control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging can flexibly set parameters such as sampling frequency (namely DMD turnover frequency), measuring times, repetition times of the whole experiment and the like according to requirements. The high-precision synchronous control signal generated by the invention is simultaneously input into the random measurement matrix loading module and the photon counting module, so that DMD deflection and photon counting are synchronous in high precision, and single-photon compression spectrum polarization imaging is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spectral imaging, in particular to a control device and a control method for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging in the field of spectral imaging.
Background
The spectral imaging technology is a spectrum-integrated information acquisition technology combining an imaging technology and a spectral measurement technology, and has the characteristics of detecting the space and spectral information of an object, so that the spectral imaging technology can not only acquire the geometric shape information of an imaged target, but also identify the spectral characteristic difference of the target, form three-dimensional data containing rich information of the target, and complete the accurate analysis of the spectral characteristic of the target. The spectral imaging technology is widely applied to the fields of biological detection, material analysis, astronomical observation, remote sensing imaging, reconnaissance and detection, aerospace remote sensing and the like.
The polarization imaging technology is a perfect combination of the imaging technology and the polarization analysis technology, the polarization imaging detection can provide the characteristics of surface roughness, texture trend, surface orientation, surface conductivity, material physicochemical characteristics, water content and the like which cannot be displayed by a light intensity image of a target, and the identification of the object outline and the surface orientation has obvious superiority. The polarization imaging technology has wide application prospect and economic value in the aspects of environment detection, target identification, remote sensing detection, industrial detection and the like.
The spectral polarization imaging integrates an imaging technology, a spectral technology and a polarization technology, adds the polarization information of the target on the basis of obtaining a three-dimensional data cube of the target, and can simultaneously utilize the advantages of spectral detection and polarization detection. The spectrum polarization imaging can acquire multiple information of space, intensity, spectrum, polarization and the like of the target, provides richer information support for realizing target detection, and further improves the detection accuracy. The spectral polarization imaging technology can synchronously measure the spatial information, the spectral components and the polarization characteristic components of a target, and has great development potential in the fields of astronomical physical research, atmospheric component detection, biomedicine and the like.
By adding linear polaroids with different angles into the spectral imaging detection system, spectral polarization images of the detection target can be obtained by processing the spectral images under different polarizations. The compressed sensing theory is applied to spectral polarization imaging, namely a compressed spectral polarization imaging technology. In the imaging technology, a target is imaged on a DMD, the DMD performs spatial light modulation on the target image and then inputs the target image into a spectrometer, spectrum curves of several light polarization channels are obtained by configuring a polaroid in front of the spectrometer, and a spectrum polarization image is reconstructed by using a compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm. However, parameters of the DMD, the polarizer, and the spectrometer in the imaging system need to be adjusted respectively for synchronization, which is not high in synchronization accuracy and time-consuming, and it is difficult to obtain a good imaging result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a control device and a control method for single-photon compression spectral polarization imaging in order to realize the combination of a compression sensing technology and a spectral polarization imaging technology, and a polaroid, a double DMD and a single-photon detector work cooperatively so as to realize single-photon compression spectral polarization imaging. The method has the advantages of flexibly adjustable parameters, high integration level and high control precision.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging comprises a synchronous control pulse generation module, a gate control photon counting module, a first random measurement matrix loading module, a pulse stretching module, a first USB interface communication module, a second USB interface communication module, a random measurement matrix generation module, a second random measurement matrix loading module and a deflection degree control loading module of a polaroid sheet;
the input end of the synchronous control pulse generation module inputs a high-frequency clock signal, the output end of the synchronous control pulse generation module generates three paths of pulse signals, one path of pulse signals is output to the first random measurement matrix loading module, the other path of pulse signals is output to the gated photon counting module and the second random measurement matrix loading module respectively, and the other path of pulse signals is output to the deflection degree control loading module of the polaroid; the first random measurement matrix loading module and the second random measurement matrix loading module are both connected with the random measurement matrix generation module and are both connected with respective memories and controllers, and the controllers are used for reading the random measurement matrices from the respective memories and sending the random measurement matrices to the respective controllers when the two random measurement matrix loading modules receive the rising edges of the synchronous control pulse signals; the deflection degree control loading module of the polaroid is used for controlling the rotary translation table so as to control the deflection degree of the polaroid when receiving the rising edge of the synchronous control pulse signal generated by the synchronous control pulse generating module;
the pulse stretching module stretches the input single photon pulse and then inputs the pulse into the gated photon counting module; the gated photon counting module is connected with the second USB interface communication module and is used for outputting a photon counting value obtained by counting under the control of the synchronous control pulse signal b by the gated photon counting module to an upper computer;
the first USB interface communication module is connected with the synchronous control pulse generation module and used for sending sampling parameters input by the upper computer to the synchronous control pulse generation module; the first USB interface communication module is also connected with the random measurement matrix generation module and used for data exchange between the upper computer and the random measurement matrix generation module.
Preferably, the first random measurement matrix loading module is connected to the random measurement matrix generating module and the sdama, and is configured to store the random measurement matrix a generated by the random measurement matrix generating module to the sdama; the second random measurement matrix loading module is connected with the random measurement matrix generation module and the SDRAMB and is used for storing the random measurement matrix b generated by the random measurement matrix generation module to the SDRAMB.
Further preferably, the first random measurement matrix loading module is connected to the DMDa controller, and is configured to read the random measurement matrix a from the sdama and send the random measurement matrix a to the DMDa controller when the random measurement matrix loading module receives a rising edge of the synchronization control pulse signal a; and the second random measurement matrix loading module is connected with the DMDB controller and used for reading the random measurement matrix b from the SDRAMB and sending the random measurement matrix b to the DMDB controller when the random measurement matrix loading module receives the rising edge of the synchronous control pulse signal b.
Preferably, the synchronous control pulse generation module, the gated photon counting module, the first random measurement matrix loading module, the pulse stretching module, the first USB interface communication module, the second USB interface communication module, the random measurement matrix generation module, the second random measurement matrix loading module, and the deflection degree control loading module of the polarizer are implemented by an FPGA chip.
A method for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging, comprising the steps of:
1) setting sampling frequency K and sampling frequency F on upper computer software, and sending the sampling times M multiplied by N of each polarization angle to a synchronous control pulse generation module through a first USB interface communication module;
2) the upper computer generates 4 multiplied by M random measurement matrixes a and 4 multiplied by M multiplied by N random measurement matrixes b, and the two measurement matrixes are sent to a random measurement matrix generation module through a first USB interface communication module to be stored in the upper computer and used for loading the two measurement matrixes to the DMDa controller and the DMDb controller respectively;
3) the synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA generates a measurement starting signal through an instruction of upper computer software;
4) after the synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA receives a measurement starting signal, the synchronous control pulse generating module outputs a synchronous control pulse signal a with the number of 4M and the sampling frequency of K to the DMDa controller, and the synchronous control pulse signal a is input to the first random measurement matrix loading module;
5) meanwhile, in each pulse signal interval of the synchronous control pulse signal a, the synchronous control pulse generating module outputs a synchronous control pulse signal b with the number of N and the sampling frequency of F to the DMDb controller, and the synchronous control pulse signal b is input to the second random measurement matrix loading module and the gated photon counting module; each pulse represents a sample;
6) loading a corresponding measuring matrix to control the micro mirror to turn over when the DMDa controller and the DMDb controller detect the rising edge of a synchronous control pulse signal pulse, wherein the micro mirror corresponding to '1' in the measuring matrix turns over by +12 degrees, and the micro mirror corresponding to '0' in the measuring matrix is kept unchanged;
7) synchronously with the step 6, when the pulse rising edge of a synchronous control pulse signal b is detected, the FPGA-based control and synchronous counting module stores the current value of a counter for photon counting to an internal buffer and clears the counter for photon counting;
8) in the FPGA-based synchronous control and photon counting module, single photon pulses are input into a pulse widening module for widening, and a counter for photon counting counts the single photon pulse signals output by a detector;
9) repeating the steps 6-8 until 4 XMXN synchronous control pulse signals b pass through to finish 4 XMXN times of sampling;
10) the synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA outputs the MXN photon counting values sampled from the 1 st to the MXN times to an upper computer, and reconstructs a 0-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix; outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values sampled at the Mmultiplied by N +1 to 2 Mmultiplied by N times to an upper computer, and reconstructing a 45-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix; outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values of the 2 MxN +1 to 3 MxN times of sampling to an upper computer, reconstructing a 90-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix, outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values of the 3 MxN +1 to 4 MxN times of sampling to the upper computer, and reconstructing a 135-degree polarization image together with the corresponding measurement matrix;
11) the upper computer reconstructs a polarization degree image and a polarization angle image by using the 0-degree polarization image, the 45-degree polarization image, the 90-degree polarization image and the 135-degree polarization image.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the parameters are flexible and adjustable. The control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging can flexibly set parameters such as sampling frequency (namely DMD turnover frequency), measuring times, repetition times of the whole experiment and the like according to requirements.
2. The synchronization precision is high. The high-precision synchronous control signal generated by the invention is simultaneously input into the random measurement matrix loading module and the photon counting module, so that DMD deflection and photon counting are synchronous in high precision, and single-photon compression spectrum polarization imaging is realized.
3. The integration level is high. The invention integrates the random measurement matrix loading module, the photon counting module, the upper computer communication module and the like on one functional board, and the integration level of the device is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a single photon compression spectral polarization imaging device.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the FPGA synchronous control pulse signal and the photon counting module.
FIG. 4 is a single photon compression spectral imaging schematic.
FIG. 5 is a reconstruction block diagram of single photon compression spectral polarization imaging.
In fig. 1, 101 is an LED, 102 is an attenuation plate, 103 is a diaphragm, 104 is an object to be imaged, 105 is a polarizer, 106 is an imaging lens L1, 107 is a rotary translation stage, 108 is a DMDa controller, 109 is a lens L2, 110 is a lens L3, 111 is a grating, 112 is an imaging lens L4, 113 is a DMDb controller, 114 is a focusing lens L5, 115 is a PMT detector, and 116 is an FPGA controller, which are sequentially disposed as shown in fig. 1;
in fig. 2, 1 is a synchronous control pulse 1 generation module, 2 is a gated photon counting module, 3 is a first random measurement matrix loading module, 4 is a pulse stretching module, 5 is a first USB interface communication module, 6 is a second USB interface communication module, 7 is a random measurement matrix generation module, 8 is a second random measurement matrix loading module, and 9 is a deflection degree control loading module of a polarizer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 1 to 5 and the embodiments.
The invention provides a single photon compression spectrum polarization imaging device, as shown in figure 1, a system device takes an LED as a light source, an imaging target is irradiated by weak parallel light, a polaroid is placed between the imaging target and an imaging lens L1, the light beam area of the parallel light is larger than the plane area of the imaging target, and the imaging target forms a clear and complete image on a DMDA through the polaroid and the imaging lens L1. A lens is arranged in the + 12-degree reflection direction of the DMDA micro-mirror, the light is focused on a small hole through a lens L2, the light is collimated and parallel through a lens L3 and is irradiated on a blazed grating, a spectral line is formed on the focal plane of the lens L4 and is imaged on a DMDb, and finally the total light intensity after the spectral line is modulated is collected into a photomultiplier PMT through a lens L5. During each measurement, the control device of single photon compression spectrum polarization imaging loads a random measurement matrix a generated by a random measurement matrix generation module 7 on a DMDA controller through a random measurement matrix loading module 3, loads a random measurement matrix b generated by the random measurement matrix generation module 7 on a DMDB controller through a random measurement matrix loading module 8, wherein the random measurement matrix a loaded by the DMDA controller can randomly modulate the light intensity of a space two-dimensional image of an imaging object, the random measurement matrix b loaded by the DMDB controller can randomly modulate the light intensity of a light line and synchronously controls a gated photon counting module 2 under the control of a synchronous control pulse signal b, a single photon detector outputs discrete single photon pulses in a measurement time interval to count photon counting values, namely measurement values, and the used random measurement matrix a and the random measurement matrix b are sent to a host computer, and the upper computer inputs the received measured values and the two random measurement matrixes into a compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm for image recovery.
The embodiment discloses a control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging, which comprises a synchronous control pulse generation module 1, a gated photon counting module 2, a first random measurement matrix loading module 3, a pulse stretching module 4, a first USB interface communication module 5, a second USB interface communication module 6, a random measurement matrix generation module 7, a second random measurement matrix loading module 8 and a deflection degree control loading module 9 of a polaroid, as shown in fig. 2.
The input end of the synchronous control pulse generating module 1 inputs a high-frequency clock signal, the output end generates two paths of pulse signals which are marked as a synchronous control pulse signal a and a synchronous control pulse signal b, the two paths of pulse signals are controlled by an FPGA with the clock frequency of 50M, and the control is realized on a Cyclone IV chip of an Altera DE2-115 development board. Wherein, the synchronous control pulse signal a is output to the first random measuring matrix loading module 3, and the synchronous control pulse signal b is respectively output to the gated photon counting module 2 and the second random measuring matrix loading module 8; the first random measurement matrix loading module 3 and the second random measurement matrix loading module 8 are both connected with the random measurement matrix generation module 7 and are both connected with respective memories and controllers, the controllers are used for reading the random measurement matrices from the respective memories and sending the random measurement matrices to the respective controllers when the two random measurement matrix loading modules receive the rising edges of the synchronous control pulse signals, and the deflection degree control loading module of the polaroid is used for controlling the rotary translation table so as to control the deflection degree of the polaroid when receiving the rising edges of the synchronous control pulse signals generated by the synchronous control pulse generation module.
The pulse stretching module 4 stretches the input single photon pulse and then inputs the pulse into the gate-controlled photon counting module 2; the gated photon counting module 2 is connected with the second USB interface communication module 6 and is used for outputting a photon counting value obtained by counting under the control of the synchronous control pulse signal b by the gated photon counting module 2 to an upper computer; because the PMT detector converts the received single photon into an electric signal to be output, the high-level pulse width of the output signal is narrow, and the numerical value received by the FPGA with the clock frequency of 50M is reduced, a single photon pulse broadening module is needed, and the experimental error is reduced.
The first USB interface communication module 5 is connected to the synchronization control pulse generation module 1, and is configured to send sampling parameters input by the upper computer to the synchronization control pulse generation module 1, where the sent parameters include, but are not limited to, sampling frequency K and sampling frequency F, DMDa turn frequency M, DMDb turn frequency N; the first USB interface communication module 5 is also connected with a random measurement matrix generation module 7 and is used for data exchange between the upper computer and the random measurement matrix generation module.
The first random measurement matrix loading module 3 is connected with the random measurement matrix generating module 7 and the SDRAMA, and is used for storing the random measurement matrix a generated by the random measurement matrix generating module 7 to the SDRAMA; the second random measurement matrix loading module 8 is connected to the random measurement matrix generating module 7 and the SDRAMb, and is configured to store the random measurement matrix b generated by the random measurement matrix generating module 7 in the SDRAMb.
The first random measurement matrix loading module 3 is connected with the DMDA controller, and is used for reading a random measurement matrix a from the SDRAMA and sending the random measurement matrix a to the DMDA controller when the random measurement matrix loading module 3 receives the rising edge of the synchronous control pulse signal a, wherein the random measurement matrix a loaded by the DMDA controller can randomly modulate the light intensity of an imaging object; the second random measurement matrix loading module 8 is connected to the DMDb controller, and is configured to read the random measurement matrix b from the SDRAMb and send the random measurement matrix b to the DMDb controller when the random measurement matrix loading module 8 receives a rising edge of the synchronous control pulse signal b, where the random measurement matrix b loaded by the DMDb controller performs random light intensity modulation on the spectral line.
The synchronous control pulse generation module 1, the gated photon counting module 2, the first random measurement matrix loading module 3, the pulse stretching module 4, the first USB interface communication module 5, the second USB interface communication module 6, the random measurement matrix generation module 7, the second random measurement matrix loading module 8 and the deflection degree control loading module 9 of the polaroid are realized by FPGA chips.
The invention also discloses a method for single photon compression spectrum polarization imaging, which comprises the following steps:
1. and a sampling frequency K and a sampling frequency F are set on the upper computer software, and the sampling times M multiplied by N of each polarization angle are sent to the synchronous control pulse generation module (1) through the first USB interface communication module (5).
2. The upper computer generates 4 multiplied by M random measurement matrixes a and 4 multiplied by M multiplied by N random measurement matrixes b, sends the two measurement matrixes to a random measurement matrix generation module (7) through a first USB interface communication module (5) and stores the two measurement matrixes in the upper computer for respectively loading the two measurement matrixes to the DMDA controller and the DMDB controller.
3. The synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA generates a measurement start signal through an instruction of software of an upper computer, and as shown in fig. 3, is a timing diagram of the synchronous control pulse signal of the FPGA and the photon counting module.
4. After the synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA receives a measuring starting signal, the synchronous control pulse generating module (1) outputs a synchronous control pulse signal a with the number of 4M and the sampling frequency of K to the DMDa controller, and the synchronous control pulse signal a is input to the first random measuring matrix loading module (3).
5. Meanwhile, in each pulse signal interval of the synchronous control pulse signal a, the synchronous control pulse generating module (1) outputs a synchronous control pulse signal b with the number of N and the sampling frequency of F to the DMDb controller, the synchronous control pulse signal b is input to the second random measurement matrix loading module (8) and the gate photon counting module (2), and each pulse represents one-time sampling.
And 6, loading a corresponding measuring matrix to control the micro mirror to turn over when the DMDa controller and the DMDb controller detect the rising edge of a synchronous control pulse signal pulse, wherein the micro mirror corresponding to the '1' in the measuring matrix turns over by +12 degrees, and the micro mirror corresponding to the '0' in the measuring matrix keeps unchanged.
7. And step 6, synchronously, when the pulse rising edge of one synchronous control pulse signal b is detected, the FPGA-based control and synchronous counting module stores the current value of the counter for photon counting to an internal buffer and clears the counter for photon counting.
8. In the FPGA-based synchronous control and photon counting module, a single photon pulse is input into a pulse widening module (4) for widening, and a counter for photon counting counts single photon pulse signals output by a detector.
9. And 6-8, repeating the steps until 4 XMXN synchronous control pulse signals b pass through, and completing 4 XMXN sampling.
10. The synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA outputs the MXN photon counting values sampled from the 1 st to the MXN times to an upper computer, and reconstructs a 0-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix; outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values sampled at the Mmultiplied by N +1 to 2 Mmultiplied by N times to an upper computer, and reconstructing a 45-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix; outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values of the 2 MxN +1 to 3 MxN times of sampling to an upper computer, reconstructing a 90-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix, outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values of the 3 MxN +1 to 4 MxN times of sampling to the upper computer, and reconstructing a 135-degree polarization image together with the corresponding measurement matrix;
the principle of single photon compression spectral imaging is shown in figure 4. In the following, taking an example in which the degree of polarization is set to 0 °, each pixel imaged on DMDa may be represented as I, assuming that the imaging size area of DMDa is R × T, the imaging area of DMDb is 1 × L, and the random measurement matrix a and the random measurement matrix b are loaded on DMDa and DMDb, respectively, since each measurement gap DMDb of DMDa performs N measurements, M groups of measurement values are obtained, and each group of N count values, the original image may be represented as:
stretching the original image into a column as the original signal x of the DMDa measurement, x can be expressed as follows:
x＝[I11(λ) I12(λ) I13(λ)…IRT(λ)T (2)
in a single photon compression spectrum polarization imaging device system, the measured value of an image modulated by DMDA and carrying wavelength information is not directly collected by a single photon detector, but light intensities with different wavelengths form spectral lines through a grating to be imaged on DMDB (formula (3)), a random measurement matrix b is sequentially loaded to DMDB to carry out random modulation on the spectral lines, N times of measurement on the spectral lines is realized, the total light intensity of the modulated spectral lines is all collected into a photomultiplier PMT, wherein the DMDA carries out one-time measurement on an original signal x, namely, the random measurement matrix a is convoluted with the spectral lines imaged on DMDB to obtain a measured value aiIn the compressive sampling process, as shown in formula (4), the measured value can be reconstructed into a corresponding spectral line by a TVAL3 algorithm, wherein phi is usedaRepresenting a random measurement matrix a, phibRepresents a random measurement matrix b; after image processing, the reconstructed spectral line is divided into L segments, and measured data under the corresponding wavelength is taken, for example, data obtained by measuring P (1, 1), P (2, 1), …, P (L, 1) and the like are reconstructed, so that a two-dimensional image under the corresponding wavelength can be recovered;
[I1(λ1) I2(λ2) I3(λ3) L IL(λL)]T (3)
order toThe above formula can be abbreviated as:
i.e. the measured value aiAnd the random measurement matrix a is used as the input of a compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm, substituted into a TVAL3 algorithm to recover the spectral line formed on the DMDB by the ith measurement of the DMDA
Referring to FIG. 4, the random measurement matrix b on the DMDb is convolved with the recovered two-dimensional image to obtain the measurement data P at the corresponding wavelengthiThe process is as shown in formula (6), and the measured data under all corresponding wavelengths are reconstructed at the same time, and then the pseudo-color processing is carried out, so that the original signal image can be restored;
since the original image x is K-sparse or sparse on the orthogonal sparse basis ψ, x will have a greater probability of being measured from a few measurements aiIf x is ψ δ and δ is a sparse signal with a number of non-zero elements much less than N, equation (4) above can be rewritten as:
a＝φψδ (7)
note ACSPhi psi, matrix ACSReferred to as a compressed sensing matrix or information operator. An equivalent condition for the RIP property is that the measurement matrix phi and the sparse basis psi are uncorrelated. Reconstruction of image x can be accomplished by solving the L0 norm problem as shown in equation (8);
with the development of the compressive sensing theory, the algorithm for solving the problem of the formula (8) is endless. The method mainly includes greedy algorithms directly solving based on L0 norm (such as Matching Pursuit (MP), Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP), and the like), L1 relaxation algorithms (such as Basis Pursuit (BP)) for converting L0 into L1 problem, and Total variation algorithms (such as TV minimization scheme (TVAL 3) based on augmented lagrange and Alternating Direction). The algorithm selects the best matching atom as the support set in the complete atom library and performs a series of local optimizations to solve the L0 norm problem. Therefore, the algorithm has lower complexity and faster reconstruction speed.
According to the principle, each time the DMDa is measured, corresponding N measured values are obtained, a group of spectral lines can be restored, M groups of spectral lines can be restored after M times of measurement of the DMDa is completed, the measured values under the corresponding wavelengths of each group of spectral lines are input respectively, corresponding two-dimensional images can be reconstructed, the spectral image of the imaging object to be measured under the polarization degree of 0 degree can be obtained by using an image synthesis algorithm, and similarly, the spectral image of the imaging object to be measured under the polarization degrees of 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees can be obtained by using the algorithm.
11. The upper computer reconstructs a polarization degree image and a polarization angle image by using the 0-degree polarization image, the 45-degree polarization image, the 90-degree polarization image and the 135-degree polarization image.
FIG. 5 is a reconstruction block diagram of single photon compression spectral polarization imaging, in which an external FPGA pulse signal controls a rotation translation stage to rotate the polarizer, and in combination with the theory of compressive sensing and polarization imaging, polarization images with polarization degrees of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° and different wavelength bands of 700nm, 520nm, 450nm are respectively reconstructed by a TVAL3 reconstruction algorithm, and polarization images with different angles of light intensity I can be obtained from the polarization images with different angles0°、I45°、I90°、I135°The upper computer utilizes 0-degree polarization image and 45-degree polarization of the same wave bandAnd combining the image, the 90-degree polarization image and the 135-degree polarization image to reconstruct a polarization degree image and a polarization angle image of the corresponding wave band. The polarization state of the target can be represented by the stokes vector as equation (9), and typically V ═ 0:
S＝[I，Q，U，V]T＝[I0°+I90°，I0°-I90°，I45°-I135°，0] (9)
and obtaining the value of the polarization degree W and the value of the polarization angle beta of the target according to the formula (10), wherein the value range of W is 0 to 1, the value of beta is 0 to pi, and the generated images are respectively a polarization degree image and a polarization angle image, so that the image reconstruction of the compressed sensing polarization imaging under the corresponding wavelength is realized.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention and the contents of the drawings or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a single photon compression spectrum polarization imaging's controlling means which characterized in that: the device comprises a synchronous control pulse generation module (1), a gated photon counting module (2), a first random measurement matrix loading module (3), a pulse stretching module (4), a first USB interface communication module (5), a second USB interface communication module (6), a random measurement matrix generation module (7), a second random measurement matrix loading module (8) and a deflection degree control loading module (9) of a polaroid;
the input end of the synchronous control pulse generation module (1) inputs a high-frequency clock signal, the output end of the synchronous control pulse generation module generates three paths of pulse signals, one path of pulse signals is output to the first random measurement matrix loading module (3), the other path of pulse signals is output to the gated photon counting module (2) and the second random measurement matrix loading module (8), and the other path of pulse signals is output to the deflection degree control loading module (9) of the polaroid; the first random measurement matrix loading module (3) and the second random measurement matrix loading module (8) are both connected with the random measurement matrix generating module (7) and are both connected with respective memories and controllers, and the controllers are used for reading the random measurement matrices from the respective memories and sending the random measurement matrices to the respective controllers when the two random measurement matrix loading modules receive the rising edges of the synchronous control pulse signals; the deflection degree control loading module (9) of the polaroid is used for controlling the rotary translation table so as to control the deflection degree of the polaroid when receiving the rising edge of the synchronous control pulse signal generated by the synchronous control pulse generating module (1);
the pulse stretching module (4) stretches the input single photon pulse and then inputs the pulse into the gate control photon counting module (2); the gated photon counting module (2) is connected with the second USB interface communication module (6) and is used for outputting a photon counting value obtained by counting the gated photon counting module (2) under the control of the synchronous control pulse signal b to an upper computer;
the first USB interface communication module (5) is connected with the synchronous control pulse generation module (1) and is used for sending sampling parameters input by the upper computer to the synchronous control pulse generation module (1); the first USB interface communication module (5) is also connected with the random measurement matrix generation module (7) and is used for data exchange between the upper computer and the random measurement matrix generation module.
2. The control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging according to claim 1, wherein: the first random measurement matrix loading module (3) is connected with the random measurement matrix generating module (7) and the SDRAMA and is used for storing the random measurement matrix a generated by the random measurement matrix generating module (7) to the SDRAMA; the second random measurement matrix loading module (8) is connected with the random measurement matrix generation module (7) and the SDRAMB and is used for storing the random measurement matrix b generated by the random measurement matrix generation module (7) to the SDRAMB.
3. The control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging according to claim 1, wherein: the first random measurement matrix loading module (3) is connected with the DMDA controller and used for reading a random measurement matrix a from the SDRAMA and sending the random measurement matrix a to the DMDA controller when the random measurement matrix loading module (3) receives the rising edge of the synchronous control pulse signal a; and the second random measurement matrix loading module (8) is connected with the DMDB controller and is used for reading the random measurement matrix b from the SDRAMB and sending the random measurement matrix b to the DMDB controller when the random measurement matrix loading module (8) receives the rising edge of the synchronous control pulse signal b.
4. The control device for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging according to claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a synchronous control pulse generation module (1), a gated photon counting module (2), a first random measurement matrix loading module (3), a pulse stretching module (4), a first USB interface communication module (5), a second USB interface communication module (6), a random measurement matrix generation module (7), a second random measurement matrix loading module (8) and a deflection degree control loading module (9) of a polaroid, wherein the synchronous control pulse generation module, the gated photon counting module (2), the first random measurement matrix loading module, the pulse stretching module (4), the first USB interface communication module (5), the second USB interface communication module.
5. A method for single photon compression spectral polarization imaging according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) setting sampling frequency K and sampling frequency F on upper computer software, and sending the sampling times M multiplied by N of each polarization angle to a synchronous control pulse generation module (1) through a first USB interface communication module (5);
2) the upper computer generates 4 multiplied by M random measurement matrixes a and 4 multiplied by M multiplied by N random measurement matrixes b, sends the two measurement matrixes to a random measurement matrix generation module (7) through a first USB interface communication module (5) and stores the two measurement matrixes in the upper computer for respectively loading the two measurement matrixes to the DMDA controller and the DMDB controller;
3) the synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA generates a measurement starting signal through an instruction of upper computer software;
4) after the synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA receives a measuring starting signal, the synchronous control pulse generating module (1) outputs a synchronous control pulse signal a with the number of 4M and the sampling frequency of K to the DMDa controller, and the synchronous control pulse signal a is input to the first random measuring matrix loading module (3);
5) meanwhile, in each pulse signal interval of the synchronous control pulse signal a, the synchronous control pulse generating module (1) outputs a synchronous control pulse signal b with the number of N and the sampling frequency of F to the DMDb controller, and the synchronous control pulse signal b is input into the second random measurement matrix loading module (8) and the gating photon counting module (2); each pulse represents a sample;
6) loading a corresponding measuring matrix to control the micro mirror to turn over when the DMDa controller and the DMDb controller detect the rising edge of a synchronous control pulse signal pulse, wherein the micro mirror corresponding to '1' in the measuring matrix turns over by +12 degrees, and the micro mirror corresponding to '0' in the measuring matrix is kept unchanged;
7) synchronously with the step 6, when the pulse rising edge of a synchronous control pulse signal b is detected, the FPGA-based control and synchronous counting module stores the current value of a counter for photon counting to an internal buffer and clears the counter for photon counting;
8) in the FPGA-based synchronous control and photon counting module, single photon pulses are input into a pulse widening module (4) for widening, and a counter for photon counting counts single photon pulse signals output by a detector;
9) repeating the steps 6-8 until 4 XMXN synchronous control pulse signals b pass through to finish 4 XMXN times of sampling;
10) the synchronous control and photon counting module based on the FPGA outputs the MXN photon counting values sampled from the 1 st to the MXN times to an upper computer, and reconstructs a 0-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix; outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values sampled at the Mmultiplied by N +1 to 2 Mmultiplied by N times to an upper computer, and reconstructing a 45-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix; outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values of the 2 MxN +1 to 3 MxN times of sampling to an upper computer, reconstructing a 90-degree polarization image together with a corresponding measurement matrix, outputting the M multiplied by N photon count values of the 3 MxN +1 to 4 MxN times of sampling to the upper computer, and reconstructing a 135-degree polarization image together with the corresponding measurement matrix;
11) the upper computer reconstructs a polarization degree image and a polarization angle image by using the 0-degree polarization image, the 45-degree polarization image, the 90-degree polarization image and the 135-degree polarization image.
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| CN109357758A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-02-19 | 南昌大学 | A kind of control device and control method of the imaging of hypersensitive single photon compressed spectrum |
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| CN109357758A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-02-19 | 南昌大学 | A kind of control device and control method of the imaging of hypersensitive single photon compressed spectrum |
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