CN110595609A - Diagnosis device for rapidly judging fault of power transformation equipment through sound abnormity - Google Patents
Diagnosis device for rapidly judging fault of power transformation equipment through sound abnormity Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/145—Indicating the presence of current or voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a diagnosis device for rapidly judging a fault of a power transformation device through sound abnormity, belonging to the technical field of operation and maintenance of a transformer substation and comprising a sound acquisition mechanism and a fault diagnosis mechanism; the sound collection mechanism comprises an adsorption module, an electricity testing module arranged on the adsorption module, and an audio output module connected with the electricity testing module; the adsorption module comprises a flexible soft gasket, a protective film and a magnet, wherein the flexible soft gasket is tightly attached to the surface of equipment, the protective film is arranged in the middle of the flexible soft gasket, the magnet is arranged on one side of the flexible soft gasket, and the protective film and the magnet are arranged on the front side of the flexible soft gasket. The invention can automatically and rapidly diagnose the fault abnormality of the power transformation equipment, can detect the defects of the operation part and the impact vibration generated by the fault when the equipment runs, can clearly distinguish the position and the severity of the noise of a machine even in a severe noise environment, and provides a basis for the normal inspection and the overhaul of the power transmission and distribution equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformer substation operation and maintenance, in particular to a diagnosis device for rapidly judging a fault of a transformer device through sound abnormity.
Background
The sound and temperature changes of the equipment such as the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like can reflect the abnormal conditions inside or outside the equipment to a certain extent, and the nature and the position of the internal fault of the equipment such as the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like can be completely judged according to the sound changes of the equipment such as the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like and by combining appearance inspection.
At present, the traditional method is adopted for the safe operation of equipment such as a transformer, a capacitor, a mutual inductor and the like, and whether the operation sound of the equipment such as the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like is abnormal or not is observed according to the operation experience of maintenance personnel, and the steps are taken: 1. the insulating rod is directly contacted with the transformer part, and the fault sound abnormality is heard in multiple directions by adopting a receiver method; 2. measuring temperature variation abnormity by an infrared temperature measuring instrument; 3. then adopting power failure maintenance to search faults for processing. The disadvantages are as follows: the time and the labor are wasted, the inspection workload is large, the accuracy of the manual identification method is low, and meanwhile, the power failure detection influences the power supply reliability.
The patent with publication number CN206378194U discloses an equipment abnormal sound diagnosis device, which comprises a box body, a box cover, a storage battery, a display, a control assembly, a detection assembly and an illumination assembly. The box body is internally provided with a first accommodating groove and a second accommodating groove, the storage battery is accommodated in the first accommodating groove, the display is arranged on the side face, close to the box body, of the box cover, the control assembly is accommodated in the second accommodating groove, and the detection assembly comprises a universal pipe, a telescopic rod and a detection plate. The first end of universal pipe sets up on the lateral wall of second storage tank, and the probe plate includes plate body, response piece and electro-magnet. When the device carries out the overhaul of the equipments, need the maintenance master to adjust the probe plate and wait to detect the position of device so that the probe plate is close to wait to detect the device and overhaul, and work load is big, and is very inconvenient.
The patent with publication number CN206114798U discloses a power equipment fault diagnosis device, which comprises a centralized collector, an equipment safety fault diagnosis unit, a wireless bundled temperature sensor, a wireless lapped temperature sensor, an environment temperature and humidity detector, an infrared camera, a gas leakage detector and an equipment vibration detector, wherein the wireless bundled temperature sensor, the wireless lapped temperature sensor, the environment temperature and humidity detector, the infrared camera, the gas leakage detector and the equipment vibration detector are in communication connection with a signal input end of the centralized collector, a signal output end of the centralized collector is connected with a signal input end of the equipment safety fault diagnosis unit, and a signal output end of the equipment safety fault diagnosis unit is connected with a display unit, an alarm. The device detects equipment only through temperature, and structural function is single, can not carry out the analysis to the reason of equipment trouble, can not discern the position of trouble.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a diagnostic apparatus for rapidly determining a fault of a power transformation device through a sound abnormality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a diagnosis device for rapidly judging the fault of a power transformation device through sound abnormity comprises a sound acquisition mechanism and a fault diagnosis mechanism; the sound collection mechanism comprises an adsorption module, an electricity testing module arranged on the adsorption module, and an audio output module connected with the electricity testing module;
the adsorption module comprises a flexible soft gasket, a protective film and a magnet, wherein the flexible soft gasket is tightly attached to the surface of equipment, the protective film is arranged in the middle of the flexible soft gasket, the magnet is arranged on one side of the flexible soft gasket, and the protective film and the magnet are arranged on the front side of the flexible soft gasket;
the electricity testing module comprises an intelligent electronic contact type electroscope, a temperature sensor, a sound sensor probe and an electret condenser microphone which are arranged on the front side of the flexible soft gasket, and an upper cover shell arranged on the back side of the flexible soft gasket, wherein a sound rotary regulator is arranged on the cover shell;
the audio output module comprises an audio output line connected with the electricity testing module and a miniature electret microphone arranged on the audio output line.
Furthermore, an insulating rod is connected to the upper cover shell, and a free adjusting point device is arranged on the insulating rod.
Furthermore, a pull ring and an output interface are arranged on the upper cover shell.
Further, the failure diagnosis mechanism comprises a display and a processing module connected with the display.
Furthermore, the processing module comprises an input interface, a signal acquisition unit connected with the input interface, a processing unit connected with the signal acquisition unit, and an analysis unit connected with the processing unit.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition unit comprises a preamplifier connected with the input interface, a high-low pass filter connected with the preamplifier, and a power amplifier connected with the high-low pass filter.
Further, the processing unit comprises an A/D converter connected with the power amplifier, a single chip microcomputer connected with the A/D converter, and an FIR band-pass filter connected with the single chip microcomputer.
Furthermore, the analysis unit comprises a time domain analyzer, a frequency domain analyzer, a time-frequency signal analyzer, and a neural network pattern recognition system, wherein the time domain analyzer, the frequency domain analyzer, the time-frequency signal analyzer are respectively connected with the FIR band-pass filter, and the neural network pattern recognition system is in signal interconnection with the time domain analyzer, the frequency domain analyzer, and the time-frequency signal analyzer.
As the demand of power consumers on power reliability is higher and higher, the reliability of the power grid is very important for the power industry, and the safe operation of electrical equipment is directly related to the operation of the power grid. The scale of power grids and substation equipment is increasing, and problems caused by equipment defects or operation faults are also increasing in actual substation operation. With the development and progress of science and technology, the intelligent technology is innovated, and the power transmission and transformation station equipment slowly tends to be intelligent. For example, infrared diagnosis technology, a means for transmitting information by using infrared radiation as energy, is applied to diagnosis of external overheated koto, internal oil shortage or insulation damage faults of various electrical equipment in a power system. For example, ginger phase lattice, shallow talk about infrared diagnosis [ J ] of power transformation equipment [ scientific and technical information ] 2010,35: 1156-. For another example, the patent with publication number CN201928381U discloses an infrared remote fault diagnosis device with image monitoring and analysis, which includes an original infrared remote fault diagnosis system, an indoor and outdoor image acquisition system, and an image monitoring and analysis device, wherein the indoor and outdoor image acquisition system are respectively connected with the image monitoring and analysis device through video signal transmission lines, and the original infrared remote fault diagnosis system and the indoor and outdoor image acquisition system are connected together through a field communication bus. The original infrared remote fault diagnosis system is simultaneously connected to an image monitoring and analyzing device through an image data communication bus. These technologies are used for remotely detecting the condition of equipment and diagnosing equipment faults through infrared technology. However, the temperature detection is only used, and the heating condition of the fault surface of the equipment is not comprehensive.
With the continuous development of infrared technology, researchers in this field have been eager to research in this regard. The purpose of preventing equipment damage is achieved by detecting abnormal sound, and usually, the reason of the equipment damage cannot be judged by replacing the substation equipment. Patent document No. CN106574863A discloses an electric power equipment sound diagnosis system including: a sound collector for amplifying sound generated from the electric power equipment and converting a sound signal of a specific frequency band into a digital signal in the amplified sound; and a diagnostic device that subdivides the digital signal received from the sound collector into a plurality of monitored data values so that each of the bits and the signal passing through the filter bank of the sound collector has a reference range, and analyzes the diagnostic data by time-series analysis or frequency-series analysis. The system carries out single monitoring on the equipment sound, and the important point is to prevent the equipment from being damaged through monitoring. Therefore, in combination with the prior art, it is not easy for those skilled in the art to think of determining the fault location and fault cause of the power transformation equipment through collecting and analyzing the sound of the power transformation equipment. The technical personnel in the field think that various sounds of the transformer substation are mixed, the sound emitted by abnormal equipment cannot be distinguished easily, and the reason and the position of equipment failure cannot be judged easily through the sound.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can monitor and measure the sound frequency and temperature of equipment such as the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like in real time and record information, is beneficial to monitoring and evaluating the normal running state of the transformer, provides a basis for the safe running state of the equipment such as the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like, accumulates safe running state parameters, provides a basis for fault judgment, equipment inspection and power failure maintenance, reduces power failure time and improves power supply reliability.
The invention has three functions and advantages:
1. the intelligent electricity testing and judging function is as follows:
(1) the neutral point current of equipment such as a transformer, a capacitor, a mutual inductor and the like is very small or even zero in a normal state, whether the transformer and the shell are electrified or not and the leakage current are measured, and the personal safety and the equipment safety in the process of measuring the transformer are ensured.
(2) The electricity is tested through equipment shells such as a transformer, a capacitor and a mutual inductor, whether faults exist in the transformer and circuits and whether the resistance value of the grounding resistance of the transformer meets the regulation requirements can be indirectly judged, and meanwhile, the personal safety is guaranteed.
2. Intelligent temperature measurement and judgment functions:
(1) the temperature sensor can realize the functions of acquiring, transmitting, processing and the like of the transmission data information of the running equipment, and can also realize the control integrated intelligent management of the target system.
(2) The real-time temperature measurement change and the height of the operating equipment can reflect and monitor the safe operating state of the operating equipment, analyze and process the data, and give an alarm in time when the temperature exceeding the warning or abnormal fluctuation occurs. In addition, temperature measurement data can be stored in the intelligent PC for a long time for inquiry, and when equipment breaks down, the change trend of the temperature can be analyzed to assist judgment and carry out fault exception handling.
3. Intelligent sound fault diagnosis and recognition function:
(1) the sound change of equipment such as the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like can reflect the abnormal conditions inside or outside the transformer to a certain extent, and the nature and the position of the internal fault of the transformer can be completely judged according to the sound change of the transformer and by combining with appearance inspection
(2) The sound reflects the safe operation state of the machine equipment, the vibration and impact signals of the machine are detected and analyzed, the fault position and the severity of the fault position of the machine can be judged, the mechanical vibration of various sound frequency components is converted into electric signals, the signals are connected to a PC through an audio line, after the signals are processed, the main control module performs A/D conversion, the audio line transmits the signals to a single chip microcomputer through a USB port, and the PC displays the signal acquisition result in a graphic mode.
(3) And the intelligent PC is provided with singlechip software for carrying out spectrum analysis, and when abnormal sound signals are generated by the transformer, the frequencies of the sound signals correspond to specific spectral lines. And the results of the spectral analysis are displayed in real time, and more accurate and valuable diagnostic results can be obtained through the analysis of the spectral lines. Meanwhile, the method is stored in the intelligent PC, and can be used as a basis for diagnosing faults and also can be used for judging the nature of the faults.
The portable diagnostic instrument is the most basic and necessary portable diagnostic instrument for inspecting, checking and diagnosing faults of equipment such as transformers, capacitors, mutual inductors and the like, can detect defects of running parts and impact vibration generated by faults when the equipment is abnormal in sound during running, can clearly distinguish the parts and the severity of noise of a machine even in a severe noise environment, and provides a basis for inspection and inspection.
The intelligent PC touch liquid crystal display screen can find latent faults and abnormal faults of equipment such as a transformer, a capacitor and a mutual inductor as soon as possible, is a main tool for ensuring safe operation and normal maintenance of the transformer, can display the size of sound and temperature to be measured and whether the sound and the temperature are electrified or not in real time, is convenient and quick to inquire and store, and has accurate diagnosis result data.
The device has the advantages of alarm threshold value setting and fault result reporting indication, high measurement precision, wide measurement range, convenient use and the like. The test data is accurate, and the functions of real-time monitoring and historical query, dynamic display, waveform indication, fault abnormity alarm critical value setting and fault result indication reporting, historical data reading, searching, storing, printing and the like are realized.
The device has the advantages of high judgment accuracy, real-time display, simple operation, high measurement precision, safe use and convenient carrying. The software has the advantages of high analysis and processing speed, high diagnosis precision, good stability, high reliability and the like.
The invention can automatically and quickly diagnose the fault abnormality of equipment such as a transformer, a capacitor, a mutual inductor and the like, is a most basic, most direct and most quick portable diagnosis device for checking the fault of power transmission and distribution operation equipment, can detect the defects of an operation part and the impact vibration generated by the fault when the transformer, the capacitor, the mutual inductor and the like operate, can clearly distinguish the part and the severity of noise of a machine even in a severe noise environment, and provides a basis for normal inspection and maintenance of the power transmission and distribution equipment. The device has the advantages of high measurement and judgment accuracy, real-time display, simple operation, high measurement precision, safe use and convenient carrying.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of the upper cover shell of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the reverse side of the upper cover shell of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the insulation rod of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a processing module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5 of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a diagnostic apparatus for rapidly determining a fault of a power transformation device through a sound anomaly, including a sound collection mechanism and a fault diagnosis mechanism; the sound collection mechanism comprises an adsorption module, an electricity testing module arranged on the adsorption module, and an audio output module connected with the electricity testing module;
the adsorption module comprises a flexible soft gasket, a protective film 3 and a magnet 4, wherein the flexible soft gasket is tightly attached to the surface of equipment, the protective film 3 is arranged in the middle of the flexible soft gasket, the magnet 4 is arranged on one side of the flexible soft gasket, and the protective film 3 and the magnet 4 are both arranged on the front side of the flexible soft gasket;
the electricity testing module comprises an intelligent electronic contact type electroscope 1, a temperature sensor 2, a sound sensor probe 5 and an electret condenser microphone 6 which are arranged on the front surface of the flexible soft gasket, and an upper cover shell 9 arranged on the back surface of the flexible soft gasket, wherein a sound rotary regulator 11 is arranged on the cover shell 9;
the audio output module comprises an audio output line 8 connected with the electricity testing module and a miniature electret microphone 7 arranged on the audio output line 8.
The upper cover shell 9 is provided with a pull ring 10 and an output interface 15.
The intelligent electronic contact electroscope 1: by the adsorption action of the annular magnet 4, the protective film 2 of the flexible soft gasket is tightly attached to the surfaces of a transformer, a current transformer, a voltage transformer and various motors, so that whether the shell of the transformer is electrified or not and the magnitude of leakage current are directly measured. The function is as follows: the transformer grounding resistance tester can indirectly judge whether the inside and the line of the transformer have faults or not and whether the resistance value of the grounding resistance of the transformer meets the regulation requirements or not, thereby ensuring the personal safety when the transformer is measured.
The intelligent contact temperature sensor 2: the operating temperature is directly measured when the flexible soft liner protective film 2 is tightly attached to the surfaces of a transformer, a current transformer, a voltage transformer and various motors through the adsorption action of the annular magnet 4, and then the operating temperature is transmitted to a software system in the PC 16 through a temperature sensor data line for analysis and processing, the PC 16 is connected with an alarm, and the temperature value of a measured target can be directly read on a liquid crystal display screen and is positioned at the upper left corner of the screen; when the measured temperature is higher than the high temperature alarm set value, the buzzer gives out alarm sound, and the maximum value is displayed on the liquid crystal display screen and is in a flashing state
The flexible soft pad protective film 3: the intelligent electronic contact electroscope is used for buffering friction force adsorbed on a transformer or a concave-convex surface and protecting the intelligent electronic contact electroscope 1, and the intelligent contact temperature sensor 2 and the sound sensor probe 5 are collided and damaged.
The ring magnet 4: the instrument is tightly adsorbed on the objects such as a measured transformer, a mutual inductor and the like, the contact pressure is changed, and various measurement data are convenient.
The sound sensor probe 5: the flexible soft liner protective film 2 is tightly attached to the surfaces of a transformer, a current transformer, a voltage transformer and various motors by the adsorption action of the annular magnet 4, and the normal or abnormal sound of running equipment is directly measured.
The electret condenser microphone 6: the collected sound signals are converted into voltage signals which can be processed by a post-stage unit, the voltage signals are amplified and then sent to a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter to filter low-frequency and high-frequency noise signals, and output signals of the filters can be input into an intelligent PC to perform spectrum analysis and diagnose abnormal sound signals generated by equipment.
The miniature electret microphone 7: the miniature electret microphone 7 is connected in series on a rubber tube connected between the electret condenser microphone 6 and the sound rotary regulator 11, the rubber tube is adopted for sealing and sound insulation, a microphone shielding wire is adopted for a sound signal lead wire to an output interface 15, and the interface is a USB interface, so that better sound collection and sound amplification effects are achieved.
The audio line 8: a voice audio line, a temperature data line and an electricity testing data line are transmitted and connected; is matched with the USB for use.
The upper cover shell 9: all of the data acquisition elements are substantially contained within the chamber housing; the function is as follows: the component shells of the intelligent electronic contact electroscope 1, the intelligent contact temperature sensor 2, the sound sensor probe 5 and the electret condenser microphone 6 are protected, and high-strength insulating PVC materials are adopted.
The tab 10: the mounting and dismounting functions are realized; when the ring magnet 4 is attached to a device to be tested such as a transformer. After measurement installation or finishing, can directly install and dismantle convenient and fast through pull ring 10.
The sound rotation adjuster 11: the volume of the sound collected by the sound sensor probe 5, the electret condenser microphone 6, and the micro electret microphone 7 is adjusted.
The output interface 15: the USB interface is convenient for the transmission and connection of various data lines.
The intelligent PC liquid crystal display 16: the measured temperature, the leakage of electricity of the equipment shell and the abnormal sound fault result are directly processed by software of the single chip microcomputer, and the result and data are directly displayed by the intelligent PC liquid crystal display 16. Functional characteristics: displaying a real-time value and a maximum value; a high temperature alarm function; a sound fault alarm function; liquid crystal backlight function. A display hold function; SET shift knob 1, function interface, 2, current temperature value, 3, battery power sign, 4, maximum value indication, 5, high temperature alarm sign, 6, backlight sign, 7, sound fault alarm, 8, and power alarm.
The switch button 17: ensuring that the intelligent PC liquid crystal display 16 is turned on and off.
The DC power supply 18: the normal use of the PC is not affected under various action environments of the PC liquid crystal display 16.
The alternating current power supply jack 19: the battery is charged in time to ensure the normal use of the PC liquid crystal display 16.
Diagnostic device principles and methods:
the instrument is very simple and convenient to use, is the most basic and necessary portable diagnostic instrument for checking machine faults, and is specially used for on-site online real-time testing;
1. the intelligent electricity testing function comprises the following steps: electroscope contact-live indicator light-USB-data connection line-intelligent PC display-buzzer alarm;
the function is as follows: when the shell of the tested device is measured to leak electricity, the buzzer sends out alarm sound, and meanwhile the alarm sound flickers and is displayed on the liquid crystal screen.
2. Intelligent temperature measurement function step: temperature contact head-temperature sensor-USB-data connecting line-intelligent PC display-buzzer alarm;
the function is as follows: when the measured temperature is higher than the high-temperature alarm set value, the buzzer gives an alarm, and meanwhile, the maximum value can be displayed on the liquid crystal screen.
3. Intelligent sound diagnostic function: a sound sensor probe, an electret condenser microphone, a miniature electret microphone, a sound rotary adjuster, a USB (universal serial bus), an audio data line, an intelligent PC (personal computer) display and a buzzer alarm;
the function is as follows: tightly screwing the probe on the electret capacitor base, turning on the knob of the amplifier, adjusting the volume to rotate to the maximum, and contacting the probe with a certain part of the running machinery, so that various sound vibrations of the transformer can be clearly diagnosed; when the running sound of the transformer is abnormal; through the processing and analysis of the singlechip, the buzzer gives out alarm sound and simultaneously flickers and displays on the liquid crystal screen.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a diagnostic apparatus for rapidly determining a fault of a power transformation device through a sound abnormality, which is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 1: the failure diagnosis mechanism comprises a display 16 and a processing module connected with the display 16.
The processing module comprises an input interface 20, a signal acquisition unit connected with the input interface 20, a processing unit connected with the signal acquisition unit, and an analysis unit connected with the processing unit.
The signal acquisition unit comprises a preamplifier 21 connected with the input interface 20, a high-low pass filter 22 connected with the preamplifier 21, and a power amplifier 23 connected with the high-low pass filter 22.
The processing unit comprises an A/D converter 24 connected with the power amplifier 23, a single chip microcomputer 25 connected with the A/D converter 24, and an FIR band-pass filter 26 connected with the single chip microcomputer 25.
The analysis unit comprises a time domain analyzer 27, a frequency domain analyzer 28, a time-frequency signal analyzer 29 respectively connected with the FIR band-pass filter 26, and a neural network pattern recognition system 30 signal-interconnected with the time domain analyzer 27, the frequency domain analyzer 28, and the time-frequency signal analyzer 29.
The signal acquisition unit is responsible for signal acquisition, forms the digitized data of the sound frequency signal gathered and stores in the one-chip computer, and the preconditioning circuit composed of preamplifier, low-pass filter and power amplifier, weak electrical signal that will be converted into, output the result and integrate the amplifier through LM386, amplify the electrical signal of the power finally, in order to facilitate the subsequent analysis and processing.
The processing unit is responsible for filtering out the mixed noise interference acquired by the signal so as to highlight the characteristics of the running sound of the equipment and be beneficial to further analysis and diagnosis, and is mainly realized by editing MATLAB software; FIR band-pass filtering is adopted, so that most signals are weakened to a relatively low level, and further digital filtering on software is needed to meet the analysis and identification requirements. And (3) preprocessing the signal by adopting an FIR band-pass filter, filtering other noises such as power frequency interference and the like, and finally, giving an automatic diagnosis result by combining a frequency spectrum curve through neural network pattern recognition.
The analysis unit analyzes and processes the collected sound through various algorithms, including time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and time frequency analysis, and extracts characteristic signal common neural network mode identification to obtain whether the sound is abnormal in operation.
The signal acquisition unit converts the sound signal into a voltage signal which can be processed by a post-stage unit, the voltage signal is amplified and then sent to a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter to filter low-frequency and high-frequency noise signals, and the output signal of the filter is subjected to spectrum analysis by intelligent diagnosis software; the frequencies of the sound signals correspond to specific spectral lines stored in a software system one by one, the time-frequency characteristics of the sound are represented in a graphic form, a new characteristic parameter is extracted from empirical mode decomposition for identification, and finally the result of the frequency spectrum analysis is displayed in real time, so that preliminary automatic diagnosis is realized, and a more accurate and valuable diagnosis result can be obtained.
The neural network pattern recognition system can record, store, display and carry out comprehensive comparative analysis, then the time domain and the frequency domain can be combined to describe and observe signals by the time-frequency domain analysis technology, the extracted different characteristics are compared and analyzed, a characteristic vector is formed and sent to intelligent diagnosis software for classification and recognition, and meanwhile, the time-spectrum characteristics of sound are represented in a graphic form.
The sound originates from vibrations. When the transformer normally operates, the transformer generates slight uniform buzzing sound due to the vibration of the iron core, the sound is clear and regular, and the alternating current magnetic flux which changes synchronously is generated in the iron core when alternating current passes through a transformer winding, and the vibration of the iron core is caused to generate the sound along with the change of the magnetic flux; therefore, the amplitude and different frequency fluctuation caused by the change of the sound can accurately reflect the abnormal conditions inside or outside the transformer to a certain extent; if the sound is not uniform or other abnormal sounds occur, the sound is abnormal operation sound.
Causes of sound abnormality of the transformer: 1. due to overload; 2. Discharging and igniting internal poor contact; 3. Loosening individual parts; 4. The system has a ground or short circuit; 5. The large power is started, and the load change is large; 6. Ferroresonance, etc.
Typical transformer sound anomaly fault and diagnosis basis:
1. the transformer generates uniform and heavy buzzing sound without noise, which is possibly caused by the increase of the load of the transformer;
2. the transformer emits short-time 'Java' sound, the time is short, the recovery is quick, and the short-time 'Java' sound can be possibly caused by the large-current impact on the transformer;
3. the transformer generates a squeak or crackle sound, the internal discharge can occur, the development and the change of the sound are noticed, and the transformer is powered off; if the inside of the transformer has uneven and loud discharge burst sound, the internal fault is serious, and the power failure inspection is required to be immediately carried out;
4. the transformer emits a sharp, sudden and weak "humming" sound, possibly due to ferroresonance;
5. if the sound of the transformer is mixed with the 'gurgling' boiling sound, the temperature of the transformer rises sharply, the oil level rises, and the transformer is required to be stopped immediately for inspection treatment, wherein the transformer may have short circuit fault inside the transformer or be seriously overheated due to poor contact of a tap switch;
6. explosion sound is mixed in the sound equipment, and when the sound equipment is large and uneven, the breakdown phenomenon can happen inside the transformer. The transformer should be stopped from running and overhauling;
7. and other abnormal sounds.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a diagnostic apparatus for rapidly determining a fault of a power transformation device through a sound abnormality, which is an improvement on the basis of embodiment 2: the upper cover shell 9 is connected with an insulating rod 14, and the insulating rod 14 is provided with a free adjusting point device 13. The middle part of the upper cover shell 9 is provided with a screw connecting hole 12.
The screw connecting hole 12: connecting the insulating rod 14: the screw can be connected with the screw in a threaded manner when the height of the screw exceeds a certain height of a human body, and various height positions can be measured.
The free adjustment point 13: can be freely adjusted at any angle of 0-90 degrees, and is convenient for measurement of installation instruments at different angles and positions.
The insulating rod 14: the personal safety of measurement is guaranteed, electric shock of the electric leakage equipment is prevented, and meanwhile 2-3 sections of insulating rods are connected in a threaded mode to meet the height requirement of measurement.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a diagnostic device of transformer equipment trouble is judged fast through sound anomaly which characterized in that: the system comprises a sound acquisition mechanism and a fault diagnosis mechanism; the sound collection mechanism comprises an adsorption module, an electricity testing module arranged on the adsorption module, and an audio output module connected with the electricity testing module;
the adsorption module comprises a flexible soft gasket, a protective film and a magnet, wherein the flexible soft gasket is tightly attached to the surface of equipment, the protective film is arranged in the middle of the flexible soft gasket, the magnet is arranged on one side of the flexible soft gasket, and the protective film and the magnet are arranged on the front side of the flexible soft gasket;
the electricity testing module comprises an intelligent electronic contact type electroscope, a temperature sensor, a sound sensor probe and an electret condenser microphone which are arranged on the front side of the flexible soft gasket, and an upper cover shell arranged on the back side of the flexible soft gasket, wherein a sound rotary regulator is arranged on the cover shell;
the audio output module comprises an audio output line connected with the electricity testing module and a miniature electret microphone arranged on the audio output line.
2. The apparatus for rapidly diagnosing a fault of a power transformation equipment through a sound abnormality according to claim 1, wherein: the upper cover shell is connected with an insulating rod, and a free adjusting point device is arranged on the insulating rod.
3. The apparatus for rapidly diagnosing a fault of a power transformation equipment through a sound abnormality according to claim 1, wherein: and the upper cover shell is provided with a pull ring and an output interface.
4. The apparatus for rapidly diagnosing a fault of a power transformation equipment through a sound abnormality according to claim 1, wherein: the fault diagnosis mechanism comprises a display and a processing module connected with the display.
5. The apparatus for rapidly diagnosing a fault of a power transformation equipment through a sound abnormality according to claim 4, wherein: the processing module comprises an input interface, a signal acquisition unit connected with the input interface, a processing unit connected with the signal acquisition unit, and an analysis unit connected with the processing unit.
6. The apparatus for rapidly diagnosing a fault of a power transformation equipment through a sound abnormality according to claim 5, wherein: the signal acquisition unit comprises a preamplifier connected with the input interface, a high-low pass filter connected with the preamplifier, and a power amplifier connected with the high-low pass filter.
7. The apparatus for rapidly diagnosing a fault of a power transformation equipment through a sound abnormality according to claim 6, wherein: the processing unit comprises an A/D converter connected with the power amplifier, a single chip microcomputer connected with the A/D converter, and an FIR band-pass filter connected with the single chip microcomputer.
8. The apparatus for rapidly diagnosing a fault of a power transformation equipment through a sound abnormality according to claim 7, wherein: the analysis unit comprises a time domain analyzer, a frequency domain analyzer and a time-frequency signal analyzer which are respectively connected with the FIR band-pass filter, and a neural network pattern recognition system which is connected with the time domain analyzer, the frequency domain analyzer and the time-frequency signal analyzer in a signal interconnection mode.
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Application publication date: 20191220 |