CN104833885A - Fault prediction method of power transformation primary equipment - Google Patents
Fault prediction method of power transformation primary equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104833885A CN104833885A CN201510252923.0A CN201510252923A CN104833885A CN 104833885 A CN104833885 A CN 104833885A CN 201510252923 A CN201510252923 A CN 201510252923A CN 104833885 A CN104833885 A CN 104833885A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault prediction method of power transformation primary equipment. The method comprises the fault predication of a transformer, an isolating switch and a circuit breaker. The fault predication of the aspects of the transformer, the isolating switch, the circuit breaker and a metal oxide lightning arrester is mainly carried out, through the combination of various advanced technology of electronics, computer, photoelectricity, signal processing and sensing, and the fault predication and rapidness and accuracy of detection are realized. According to the method, the potential fault of power equipment can be early found, an early warning or prescribed operation is provided for the operation of the power equipment, and thus the stable and safe operation of a power grid is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power domain, specifically a kind of failure prediction method of power transformation primary equipment.
Background technology
In whole network system; the effect that power transformation primary equipment plays is the tapping into of power supply, send, transformation, low-voltage distribution, the protection quality of power supply and export electric energy; therefore it is the core of whole equipment; the situation of its overall operation is very important for the safety of whole electrical network, so don't fail to carry out its failure prediction and the work of detection.Stable relation the stablizing to whole electrical network of power transformation primary equipment.Therefore, for the operation and maintenance of power transformation primary equipment, even if GPRS equipment under operation or allow equipment failure prediction and the detection method also not needing disassembled equipment out of service, so just can keep power grid security, stable, economic operation.
Transforming plant primary equipment is the infrastructure of power supply.Transforming plant primary equipment mainly contains switch cubicle, transformer, reactive-load compensation, lightning rod and mutual inductor etc.At present, along with the continuous increase of power consumption, power supply scale is in continuous expansion, and the fault that supply station occurs is also in continuous increase, and especially a power-supply unit fault not only increases rapidly, and is difficult to maintenance, causes serious impact to power supply enterprise.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of failure prediction method of power transformation primary equipment, the Hidden fault of power equipment can be found early, thus guarantee stable, the safe operation of electrical network.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The failure prediction method of power transformation primary equipment, comprises the following steps:
1) failure prediction of transformer, comprises the following steps:
(1) utilize the sense organ of people, judge whether transformer has unusual odor, abnormal sound, overheated, vibration, then by Buchholz relay, thermometer, oil thermometer, whether overheatedly detect transformer;
(2) by electrical test method, detect dielectric loss, ac voltage withstanding, no-load voltage ratio, winding D.C. resistance, the insulation resistance of transformer, judge whether transformer exists internal fault;
(3) utilize the oil dissolved gas stratographic analysis of insulating oil, detect the Hidden fault that inside transformer exists;
(4) monitor content of micro water in transformer oil, prevent transformer oil dielectric strength from reducing;
(5) by measuring winding deformation, detecting Transformer Winding and whether changing;
(6) Partial Discharge Online Monitoring of Transformers technology is utilized, the local defect that diagnosis inside transformer exists;
(7) utilize ULTC shunting switch on-line measuring device to detect load ratio bridging switch, whether the electric property and the mechanical property that detect load ratio bridging switch be abnormal;
2) failure prediction of disconnector: utilize the tele-control system in smart electric grid system, the duty of real-time detection disconnector, and by remote bus disconnector adjusted and dispatch, when disconnector breaks down, tele-control system can detect location of fault in time, accurately, then send corresponding instruction, the maintenance personal that notice is relevant arrives in the position of fault and keeps in repair;
3) failure prediction of isolating switch, comprises the following steps:
(1) periodic measurement divide, minimum voltage action on making electromagnet or closing contactor terminal, when minimum voltage action is between the 38-60% of operating voltage ratings, judge that operating mechanism is normal;
(2) regularly separating brake, closing time and three-phase are not measured the same period;
(3) major loop conductive resistance is tested;
(4) for vacuum circuit breaker, the vacuum tightness of arc-chutes is detected by divide-shut brake withstand voltage test;
(5) for SF6 isolating switch, periodic monitoring also records the value of SF6 density monitor, whether there is leakage with gas-monitoring; Periodic measurement SF6 gas micro-water content, judges in SF6 gas, whether water cut exceeds standard;
(6) judge that the defect of high-tension switch cabinet inner conductive coupling part and insulated part or cracking and contact are bad by partial discharge monitoring.
As the further scheme of the present invention: the failure prediction also comprising metal oxide arrester.
As the further scheme of the present invention: the failure prediction of described metal oxide arrester, comprises the following steps:
(1) by megger test, detect lightning arrester inside and whether make moist;
(2) DC reference voltage during measurement direct current 1mA, the leakage current under 0.75 times of DC reference voltage, check whether its valve block makes moist;
(3) ac leakage current under measurement working voltage, calculates the ratio of current in resistance property and ac leakage current, when current in resistance property is only the 10-15% of ac leakage current, and lightning arrester normal operation;
(4) by the operation conditions of on-Line Monitor Device Real-Time Monitoring metal oxide arrester.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention mainly carries out failure prediction from the several aspect of transformer, disconnector, isolating switch and metal oxide arrester, by the technology in conjunction with various advanced person---electronics, computing machine, photoelectricity, signal transacting and various sensing technology, achieve the swiftness and accuracy of failure prediction and detection.Therefore, the present invention can find the Hidden fault of power equipment early, and the operation for power equipment provides the operation of early warning or regulation, thus guarantees stable, the safe operation of electrical network.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the failure prediction method of power transformation primary equipment, power transformation primary equipment mainly comprises transformer, disconnector, isolating switch and metal oxide arrester, when carrying out failure prediction to it, also main these aspects to be predicted, specifically comprise the following steps:
One, transformer
Transformer is the core of well-known converting equipment, and in whole transformer station, the major function of power transformation is also that transformer realizes.And in each transformer station, transformer for subsequent use don't fail to be had, if the state of transformer goes wrong, so can integrate with transformer for subsequent use at any time, which solves the problem that cannot solve in time when going wrong, then corresponding State Maintenance being carried out to the transformer off-the-line that there is hidden danger.Rational operation can ensure the old transformer of the off-the-line of transformer, and transformer substation system need not quit work.
The operation troubles of transformer is more, comparatively common are the transformer sound abnormal, make moist and lead wire fault etc.These faults mostly cause because of running environment problem.
1, transformer exception sound of movement: transformer exception sound of movement is fault type common in transformer, it mainly because of inside transformer parts loosen or the earthing of low voltage line caused by.Under the detection of ultrasonic probe, have some sound that discharge especially, and vibrations probe can gather that track, so just can be clear and definite judge what transformer produced problem is, discharge and occur the loosening of exception or part and winding deformation.Meanwhile, workman on duty by the sound of transformer, can sentence the noise found out it and send when trying to find out, this just can watchful we complete inspection is carried out to it.
2, Insulation monitoring: utilize existing Insulation Live Testing system, it can be combined with ultrasonic probe by we, and then whether the basic insulativity deciding transformer has problems.And by the monitoring of Gas in Oil of Transformer, also the paradoxical discharge of transformer can be monitored to determine the state of insulation of transformer in the paired running process of transformer, and by ground insulation tester, directly can detect the ground connection D.C. isolation of transformer, by a series of monitoring method, we can conclude that transformer is the need of overhauling substantially.
3, lead wire fault: lead-in wire is a very important line in transformer, lead wire fault main manifestations is that lead-in wire burns or stem loosens.The former causes because of the latter, after stem appearance loosens, if do not overhauled in time, then lead-in wire can be made to generate heat, and final lead-in wire is burnt.Therefore, in order to ensure the stable operation of electric power system, lead wire fault should be paid attention to.In the inspection of lead-in wire juxtaposition, can see whether lead-in wire has loosening situation, flashover, the abnormal and situation of burning that goes between appears in electric discharge very easily.If find that the lead-in wire of transformer loosens or sealing-off, so should carry out off-the-line and isolation maintenance to it, the security incident preventing the lead-in wire owing to loosening from causing, reduces potential safety hazard at once.
The failure prediction method of transformer:
(1) utilize the sense organ of people, judge whether transformer has unusual odor, abnormal sound, overheated, vibration etc., then by instrument such as Buchholz relay, thermometer, oil thermometers, whether overheatedly detect transformer.
(2) by various electrical test methods such as insulation resistance, winding D.C. resistance, no-load voltage ratio, ac voltage withstanding and dielectric losses, detect dielectric loss, ac voltage withstanding, no-load voltage ratio, winding D.C. resistance, the insulation resistance of transformer, judge whether transformer exists internal fault with this.
(3) utilize the oil dissolved gas stratographic analysis of insulating oil, find the Hidden fault that inside transformer exists early.
(4) monitor content of micro water in transformer oil, prevent transformer oil dielectric strength from reducing.
(5) during transformer generation terminal short-circuit, by measuring winding deformation, the irreversible changes such as whether Transformer Winding is subjected to displacement, distortion, bulge or turn-to-turn short circuit are detected.
(6) Partial Discharge Online Monitoring of Transformers technology is utilized, the local defect that diagnosis inside transformer exists.
(7) utilize ULTC shunting switch on-line measuring device to detect load ratio bridging switch, whether the electric property and the mechanical property that detect load ratio bridging switch exist exception.
Above-mentionedly utilize the concrete operations of the oil dissolved gas stratographic analysis of insulating oil to be: from transformer, to extract oil sample, analyze oil dissolved gas, more just can judge inside whether exception and fault category and degree according to gas composition and content etc.Its concrete condition is: transformer solid insulation runs in ageing process normal, gas mainly CO and CO of generation
2; When there is shelf depreciation in paper oil insulation, the gas mainly H that oil-breaking produces
2, CH
4, C
2h
2and CO; When Faulty Temperature is higher than normal temperature, the gas mainly CH of generation
4; Along with the rising of Faulty Temperature, C
2h
4and C
2h
6increase gradually, when temperature is higher than 1000 DEG C, if under the effect of electric arc arc channel temp (more than 3000 DEG C), containing more C in the gas that oil-breaking produces
2h
2; If when fault relates to solid insulating material, more CO and CO can be produced
2, the gas composition that different faults type produces is summarized as follows shown in table:
The gas composition that table different faults type is produced
Two, disconnector
Disconnector in the entire system function is few, and cheap, but it is but the core of back brake work.As one of the important component part of primary equipment, in power supply, often there is the bad or overheating fault of contact point in disconnector.Examining and analyzing shows, above-mentioned fault is because disconnector is not debugged when mounted.In addition, disconnector is in the process of producing, and producer does not add certain transitional material in copper aluminium contact site, and causing being in operation often occurs the phenomenon of loose contact, and then causes power failure; When debugging disconnector, staff does not polish its surface in contact, causes nut to occur loosening, and then causes ground wire to generate heat.Disconnector contact point heating accident is not in place because designing, and causes contact area less, and then has caused the phenomenon of loose contact.In the heating position of disconnector surface of contact, junction block and contact are modal positions, and when producing disconnector, staff should pay attention to this 2 positions.In addition, when manufacturing disconnector, the service condition of transition material should be noted, carry out debugging efforts, to ensure that surface of contact polishing puts in place.
The failure prediction method of disconnector: the tele-control system in smart electric grid system, the duty of detection disconnector that can be real-time, and by remote bus disconnector adjusted and dispatch, when disconnector breaks down, tele-control system can detect location of fault in time, accurately, then send corresponding instruction, the maintenance personal that notice is relevant arrives in the position of fault and keeps in repair.
Three, isolating switch
Isolating switch as major control is the core control equipment of whole system, in more common various faults, common are three kinds the most: a kind of is the tripping of isolating switch, a kind of is the malfunction of isolating switch, also have one to be that adhesive is not tight, wherein not tight the caused problem of isolating switch adhesive is the most serious, and isolating switch can be caused overheated, if can not be removed within the shortest time, burning of isolating switch will be caused.And find that the method for these faults is also main and carry out in the inspection of staff, the warning of detection system and offline inspection etc.
1, overheated: in isolating switch, the thermal sensor of adhesive device can be reported and transmit corresponding data in correct time, which results in part device perhaps there will be periodic temperature raise or continuation be in the condition of high temperature.So, now, just should carry out corresponding comparative analysis to various data and curves, the front and back if there is temperature variation have some fluctuations of the quality of power supply, and switch so just must be made to enter inspecting state.Due in a lot of important loop relevant to bus, the technology of shunt trip breaker generally uses, and so, we just can, under the operation prediction scheme determined, can make switch for subsequent use enter duty easily, and the problem switch be in work is taken out.
2, malfunction and tripping problem: normal produced problem in circuit breaker failure during mistake action and rejecting action.
Tripping causes because of many factors, generally includes storage battery under-voltage, coil short and control loop loose contact etc.When there is tripping, may be that in above-mentioned factor causes, also may be that many factors causes jointly.Therefore, after fault occurs, answer close inspection trouble location, find out failure factor.
When operating system is abnormal, its insulativity can decline, and is broken down in loop, and then causes malfunction to occur.In addition, when reversal connection appears in the polarity of mutual inductor, the wiring of secondary circuit also can be caused to occur mistake, and then cause mutual inductor malfunction; When there is or multipoint earthing in transformer substation system at 2, also can cause secondary circuit and occurring mistake, and then causing malfunction; When there is the phenomenon of brownout in coil or in straight-flow system, malfunction can be caused.
Therefore, the reason of malfunction and tripping is caused to have: 1) primary equipment of switch goes wrong and makes the loosening of the undesirable or part of the coil of adhesive, distortion etc. in operational process; 2) because the secondary circuit of switch goes wrong, the signal that comprehensive protection device is received is inaccurate, causes tele-control system normally to run; 3) to close and when system malfunctions long-range, can there is tripping due to protection automatically in switch, at this moment confirm by monitoring system with regard to needs, in addition, also need the confirmation of manually careful by-line if desired.
The failure prediction method of isolating switch:
(1) periodic measurement divide, minimum voltage action on making electromagnet or closing contactor terminal, with this, its value between the 38-60% of operating voltage ratings, should judge that whether operating mechanism abnormal.
(2) when there is the problems such as friction increase, the reduction of spring performance, control loop loose contact when operating mechanism, breaker closing will be caused, opening time changes, and when operational power cannot balance transmission, will cause spring problem and three-phase not same period, therefore needing regularly not measure the same period separating brake, closing time and three-phase.Because each several part friction of operating mechanism increases, the not good or control loop loose contact of spring-mass etc., separating brake, closing time is made to occur change.In addition, due to the improper or operational power transmission disequilibrium of three phase sizes levelling etc., three-phase not same period can all be produced, so routine test will be carried out.
(3) major loop conductive resistance is tested, with the wearing and tearing of detection contact, extent of corrosion with contact situation.
(4) for vacuum circuit breaker, by carrying out divide-shut brake withstand voltage test to detect the vacuum tightness of arc-chutes.
(5) for SF6 isolating switch, periodic monitoring also records the value of SF6 density monitor, whether there is leakage with gas-monitoring; Periodic measurement SF6 gas micro-water content, judges in SF6 gas, whether water cut exceeds standard.
(6) judge that the defect of high-tension switch cabinet inner conductive coupling part and insulated part or cracking and contact are bad etc. by carrying out partial discharge monitoring.
Four, metal oxide arrester
Metal oxide arrester: lightning arrester is one of important proterctive equipment ensureing safe operation of power system, Main Function limits the lightning surge transmitted by circuit or the internal overvoltage caused by operation.Metal oxide arrester has been widely applied in electric system because it has excellent nonlinear characteristic since appearance.
Although metal oxide arrester has many advantages compared with silicon-carbide arrester, in use also there is various fault, mainly comprise: valve block is aging, make moist etc. causes lightning arrester thermal breakdown even to explode; Insulator, terminal and pedestal due to design technology bad, the faults such as lightning arrester ftractures, topple over may be there is by the effect of mechanical force in the reasons such as atmospheric corrosion; Support that insulating sleeve is under the effect of term Voltage, insulating property are bad or to make moist etc. and cause leakage current to increase, and finally cause insulation breakdown or blast; By the pollution of rain, snow, dust etc., radial partial discharge phenomenon can be caused to occur because Potential distribution inside and outside lightning arrester is different, thus damage whole lightning arrester.
The failure prediction method of metal oxide arrester:
(1) megger test, whether preliminary its inside of understanding makes moist;
(2) DC reference voltage during measurement direct current 1mA, the leakage current under 0.75 times of DC reference voltage, check whether its valve block makes moist;
(3) ac leakage current under measurement working voltage, under normal operation, flow through the mainly capacity current of lightning arrester, current in resistance property only accounts for a very little part, be about 10-15%, when valve block is aging, lightning arrester make moist, built-in electrical insulation they deteriorate and surperficial pollution severity time, capacity current change is few, and current in resistance property increases greatly;
(4) by the operation conditions of on-Line Monitor Device monitoring metal oxide arrester.
The present invention mainly carries out failure prediction from the several aspect of transformer, disconnector, isolating switch and metal oxide arrester, by the technology in conjunction with various advanced person---electronics, computing machine, photoelectricity, signal transacting and various sensing technology, achieve the swiftness and accuracy of failure prediction and detection.Therefore, the present invention can find the Hidden fault of power equipment early, and the operation for power equipment provides the operation of early warning or regulation, thus guarantees stable, the safe operation of electrical network.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should embodiment be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this instructions is described according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of instructions is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by instructions integrally, and the technical scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Claims (3)
1. the failure prediction method of power transformation primary equipment, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) failure prediction of transformer, comprises the following steps:
(1) utilize the sense organ of people, judge whether transformer has unusual odor, abnormal sound, overheated, vibration, then by Buchholz relay, thermometer, oil thermometer, whether overheatedly detect transformer;
(2) by electrical test method, detect dielectric loss, ac voltage withstanding, no-load voltage ratio, winding D.C. resistance, the insulation resistance of transformer, judge whether transformer exists internal fault;
(3) utilize the oil dissolved gas stratographic analysis of insulating oil, detect the Hidden fault that inside transformer exists;
(4) monitor content of micro water in transformer oil, prevent transformer oil dielectric strength from reducing;
(5) by measuring winding deformation, detecting Transformer Winding and whether changing;
(6) Partial Discharge Online Monitoring of Transformers technology is utilized, the local defect that diagnosis inside transformer exists;
(7) utilize ULTC shunting switch on-line measuring device to detect load ratio bridging switch, whether the electric property and the mechanical property that detect load ratio bridging switch be abnormal;
2) failure prediction of disconnector: utilize the tele-control system in smart electric grid system, the duty of real-time detection disconnector, and by remote bus disconnector adjusted and dispatch, when disconnector breaks down, tele-control system can detect location of fault in time, accurately, then send corresponding instruction, the maintenance personal that notice is relevant arrives in the position of fault and keeps in repair;
3) failure prediction of isolating switch, comprises the following steps:
(1) periodic measurement divide, minimum voltage action on making electromagnet or closing contactor terminal, when minimum voltage action is between the 38-60% of operating voltage ratings, judge that operating mechanism is normal;
(2) regularly separating brake, closing time and three-phase are not measured the same period;
(3) major loop conductive resistance is tested;
(4) for vacuum circuit breaker, the vacuum tightness of arc-chutes is detected by divide-shut brake withstand voltage test;
(5) for SF6 isolating switch, periodic monitoring also records the value of SF6 density monitor, whether there is leakage with gas-monitoring; Periodic measurement SF6 gas micro-water content, judges in SF6 gas, whether water cut exceeds standard;
(6) judge that the defect of high-tension switch cabinet inner conductive coupling part and insulated part or cracking and contact are bad by partial discharge monitoring.
2. the failure prediction method of power transformation primary equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the failure prediction of metal oxide arrester.
3. the failure prediction method of power transformation primary equipment according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the failure prediction of described metal oxide arrester, comprises the following steps:
(1) by megger test, detect lightning arrester inside and whether make moist;
(2) DC reference voltage during measurement direct current 1mA, the leakage current under 0.75 times of DC reference voltage, check whether its valve block makes moist;
(3) ac leakage current under measurement working voltage, calculates the ratio of current in resistance property and ac leakage current, when current in resistance property is only the 10-15% of ac leakage current, and lightning arrester normal operation;
(4) by the operation conditions of on-Line Monitor Device Real-Time Monitoring metal oxide arrester.
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| CN105842575A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-08-10 | 国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司 | Status monitoring data mining and hidden danger identification method and apparatus for transmission and transformation equipment |
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| CN108152726A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 西安辰耀电气技术有限公司 | Monitor the intelligent electric instrument and high-tension switch cabinet of breaker mechanical state on-line |
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| CN110595609A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 国网河南省电力公司南召县供电公司 | Diagnosis device for rapidly judging fault of power transformation equipment through sound abnormity |
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| CN111308268A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-06-19 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for evaluating latent fault of power distribution network equipment |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105223453A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Based on substation transformer trouble-shooter and the method for multiple attribute synthetical evaluation |
| CN105842575A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-08-10 | 国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司 | Status monitoring data mining and hidden danger identification method and apparatus for transmission and transformation equipment |
| CN107248343A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-13 | 杭州易休特科技有限公司 | A kind of distribution net equipment partial discharge failure actual training device |
| CN108152726A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 西安辰耀电气技术有限公司 | Monitor the intelligent electric instrument and high-tension switch cabinet of breaker mechanical state on-line |
| CN108414901A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-08-17 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of switchgear electric insulation On-line Fault monitoring device and method |
| CN109284891A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-29 | 大连理工大学 | Charging pile Maintenance Scheduling method based on temporal index |
| CN109031072A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-18 | 国网重庆市电力公司巫溪县供电分公司 | Transformer fault detection system |
| CN110595609A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 国网河南省电力公司南召县供电公司 | Diagnosis device for rapidly judging fault of power transformation equipment through sound abnormity |
| CN111289837A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-06-16 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for evaluating latent fault of power distribution network equipment |
| CN111308268A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-06-19 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for evaluating latent fault of power distribution network equipment |
| CN111289837B (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2022-04-08 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for evaluating latent fault of power distribution network equipment |
| CN111308268B (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2022-04-12 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for evaluating latent fault of power distribution network equipment |
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Application publication date: 20150812 |