CN110595375A - Method for continuously monitoring deformation of side wall in tunnel inverted arch excavation process - Google Patents
Method for continuously monitoring deformation of side wall in tunnel inverted arch excavation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110595375A CN110595375A CN201910892153.4A CN201910892153A CN110595375A CN 110595375 A CN110595375 A CN 110595375A CN 201910892153 A CN201910892153 A CN 201910892153A CN 110595375 A CN110595375 A CN 110595375A
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- infrared
- infrared ray
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for continuously monitoring the deformation of a side wall in the tunnel inverted arch excavation process, which solves the problem that the deformation of the side wall in the existing tunnel inverted arch excavation process is lack of continuous and reliable monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: fixedly mounting an infrared generator on each of the two side walls of the constructed inverted arch section; fixedly mounting infrared receivers on two side walls of one end of the inverted arch excavation section close to the tunnel face; a plurality of infrared ray passing rings are respectively arranged on the side walls at two sides of the inverted arch construction section; adjusting the position and the angle of each infrared ray passing through the ring, so that the infrared rays emitted by the infrared ray generator pass through each infrared ray positioned on the same side and then reach the infrared ray receiver positioned on the same side after passing through the ring; and (4) performing inverted arch excavation, and when the infrared receiver does not receive the infrared signal transmitted by the infrared generator positioned on the same side, giving an alarm by the infrared receiver, so that the side wall can be judged to be deformed.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnels, and particularly relates to a method for continuously monitoring the deformation of a side wall in the process of excavating an inverted arch of a tunnel.
[ background of the invention ]
Due to the unpredictability of geological conditions, the tunnel face 4 collapse phenomenon and even the door closing collapse phenomenon often occurs in tunnel construction. And particularly, the door closing collapse is large in the inverted arch construction process, and the hazard is the largest. The conventional preventive measures are to control the construction process, shorten the excavation footage and adopt the traditional continuous monitoring and measurement of side walls and the continuous measurement of vault crown subsidence as preventive measures. The continuous monitoring and measurement of the side wall and the continuous measurement of the vault subsidence not only affect the construction, but also require the field tracking of technicians, and are time-consuming and labor-consuming.
At present, at weak country rock and big deformation section, thereby the timely seal of invert forms just to prop up the cyclization and is the effective measure who suppresses the deformation development, but when the invert excavation operation is carried out to big deformation section, because the country rock is broken, cause certain unsettled and do not have the horizontal holding power effect of hunch foot to restrain the hunch foot convergence in the excavation process, will lead to the emergence that the tunnel was closed the door, traditional monitoring mode can't accomplish continuous monitoring in the past, and when taking place the early warning untimely will lead to personnel to withdraw not fast enough, need to study a reliable, convenient, the method of strong operability of side wall deformation continuous monitoring in the tunnel invert excavation process urgently.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a method for continuously monitoring the deformation of a side wall in the tunnel inverted arch excavation process, so as to solve the problem that the deformation of the side wall in the existing tunnel inverted arch excavation process is lack of continuous and reliable monitoring.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method for continuously monitoring the deformation of the side wall in the tunnel inverted arch excavation process comprises the following steps:
firstly, fixedly mounting an infrared generator on each of two side walls of a constructed inverted arch section;
fixedly mounting infrared receivers on two side walls of one end of the inverted arch excavation section close to the tunnel face;
a plurality of infrared ray passing rings are respectively arranged on the side walls at two sides of the inverted arch construction section and between the infrared ray receiver and the infrared ray generator, and the infrared ray passing rings are of flat plate structures provided with through holes;
adjusting the position and the angle of each infrared ray passing through the ring, so that the infrared rays emitted by the infrared ray generator pass through each infrared ray positioned on the same side and then reach the infrared ray receiver positioned on the same side after passing through the ring;
and step two, performing inverted arch excavation, and when the infrared receiver does not receive the infrared signal emitted by the infrared generator positioned on the same side, giving an alarm by the infrared receiver, so that the side wall can be judged to be deformed.
Further, each infrared passing ring includes:
a steel plate, which is provided with a through hole, wherein the longest distance in the through hole is 0.5 cm-1.5 cm;
a steel wire having one end connected to an edge of the steel plate;
a reinforcing bar having one end connected to the wire.
Further, the infrared ray passes through the reinforcing bar fixed mounting of ring on first branch face, adjusts the position and the angle of steel wire to the angle of adjusting the steel sheet, makes infrared ray can pass the through-hole on it under the initial condition.
Furthermore, an infrared ray passing ring is arranged at every two steel frames.
Furthermore, the distance between the infrared generator and the infrared receiver is 5-10 m.
Further, the infrared generator and the infrared receiver are both arranged at the position 1.2-1.4 m away from the top of the short side wall.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the installation is simple and easy, and the normal operation characteristics of other processes are not influenced; after the installation, because the instrument is all in the position of the side wall, normal construction of other processes is not influenced.
2. The method is visual, practical, stable and reliable; when the inverted arch excavation is continuously monitored, the high brightness and the directional performance of the laser are stably, reliably and continuously monitored, and visual safety is brought to constructors.
3. Omnibearing full-time forecasting; the triggering area of the receiver is a circle with the diameter of 1cm, the laser transmitter emits a punctiform laser beam, and the laser beam can be separated from the triggering area no matter the position of the receiver is displaced in any direction, so that the alarm can give an alarm. The horizontal convergence of the side wall is monitored, and meanwhile, the sinking of the side wall is also monitored.
4. The forecast is accurate; in the process, a total station is combined with a laser alarm system, initial data are measured by the total station at the initial stage of inverted arch excavation, and after the laser monitoring system gives an alarm, the specific situation of point displacement is accurately measured by the total station, so that site construction is accurately guided.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a device in the method for continuously monitoring the deformation of a side wall in the process of excavating an inverted arch of a tunnel according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of infrared ray passing rings 3 in a tunnel in the method for continuously monitoring the deformation of a side wall in the process of excavating an inverted arch of the tunnel according to the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of infrared ray passing through the ring 3 in the method for continuously monitoring the deformation of the side wall in the tunnel inverted arch excavation process.
The infrared ray transmission device comprises an infrared ray generator 1, an infrared ray receiver 2, an infrared ray passing ring 3, a steel plate 31, a steel wire 32, a steel bar 33, a through hole 34, a palm surface 4, a primary support surface 5 and an infrared ray 6.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for continuously monitoring the deformation of a side wall in the process of tunnel inverted arch excavation, which is characterized in that related equipment is installed and the method is applied to continuously monitor before tunnel inverted arch excavation as shown in figures 1 and 2, so that the safety of personnel in the inverted arch excavation process can be ensured, and the prevention is timely and accurate.
Firstly, fixedly mounting an infrared generator 1 on each of two side walls of a constructed inverted arch section; and an infrared receiver 2 is fixedly arranged on each of two side walls of the inverted arch excavation section close to one end of the tunnel face 4.
The distance between the infrared generator 1 and the infrared receiver 2 is 5-10 m, and the infrared generator 1 and the infrared receiver 2 are both installed at the same height, for example, at a position 1.2-1.4 m away from the top of a short side wall. If the installation height is too low, the inverted arch excavation mechanical operation is easy to damage the inverted arch excavation mechanical operation, and the precision is affected by pollution generated in the slurry spraying process. And the waterproof board is paved in the lining process of the tunnel, and the height is set to avoid the damage to the waterproof board in the installation process.
A plurality of infrared ray passing rings 3 are respectively arranged on the side walls at two sides of the inverted arch construction section and between the infrared ray receiver 2 and the infrared ray generator 1, and the infrared ray passing rings 3 are of flat plate structures provided with through holes 34; and adjusting the position and the angle of each infrared ray passing through the ring 3, so that the infrared rays emitted by the infrared ray generator 1 pass through each infrared ray passing through the ring 3 at the same side and then reach the infrared ray receiver 2 at the same side.
And step two, performing inverted arch excavation, and when the infrared receiver 2 does not receive the infrared signal emitted by the infrared generator 1 positioned at the same side, giving an alarm by the infrared receiver 2, so that the side wall can be judged to be deformed.
As shown in fig. 3, each of the infrared passing rings 3 includes: the steel plate 31 is provided with a through hole 34, the through hole 34 is used for the infrared ray 6 to pass through, and the shape of the steel plate 31 is not limited and can be circular, quadrilateral or rhombic. Whatever the shape, the longest distance in the hole is 0.5cm to 1.5cm, and a circular hole having a diameter of 1cm is preferably selected. Firstly, the receiving hole of the domestic laser receiver is generally 1cm in diameter at present; and secondly, when the clearance convergence deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock is greater than the speed of 5mm/d, the tunnel is subjected to yellow early warning, which indicates that the tunnel is to be monitored in an enhanced manner to prevent further deformation, and when the clearance convergence deformation is greater than 15mm, the tunnel is in an unsafe state, and certain engineering measures are required to be taken to inhibit the deformation development. Similarly, the deformation of the side wall is similar to the deformation of clearance convergence, the invention adopts the deformation control value of 5-15 mm to ensure the accurate and timely early warning, and the deformation is the simultaneous convergence of the side walls at the left side and the right side, namely the diameter can adopt a round hole of 0.5 cm-1.5 cm as the early warning control value.
The steel plate 31 is connected with a steel wire 32, the steel wire 32 has enough supporting force and toughness, for example, the model of the steel wire 32 is selected to be 8#, the angle of the steel plate 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the angle and the position of the steel wire 32, so that the infrared rays 6 can pass through the through holes 34 on each steel plate 31 in the initial installation state. The wire 32 is also connected to a reinforcing bar 33, the reinforcing bar 33 being adapted to be mounted on the primary support surface 5 to fix the position of the entire infrared-passing ring 3 within the tunnel.
An infrared ray passing ring 3 is arranged at every two steel frames. The space between the arches is 0.6-1.2 m, and the arch is arranged every two arches to effectively prevent the damage caused by local deformation and ensure the monitoring precision.
Example (b):
1. respectively installing an infrared generator 1 and an infrared receiver 2 on two side walls of an inverted arch section which is constructed and two side walls of one end of an inverted arch excavation section close to a tunnel face 4; the height is about 1.3m away from the top of the short-side wall (the waterproof board is not damaged), and the infrared generator 1 and the infrared receiver 2 are ensured to be firm and not to be loosened during installation. The distance between the infrared generator 1 and the infrared receiver 2 is 8 m.
2. Production of infrared through ring 3: before the inverted arch is excavated, the method is adopted outside the tunnelThe infrared ray of reinforcing bar 33 processing passes ring 3, and 8# steel wire 32 is welded to the one end of reinforcing bar 33, and 4 x 4cm steel sheet 31 is welded to the other end of steel wire 32, and steel sheet 31 thickness is no less than 2mm, bores the infrared ray that a diameter 1cm on steel sheet 31 and passes ring 3, and reinforcing bar 33 is long 30 cm.
3. Infrared is installed through the ring 3: processed outside the holeThe reinforcing steel bars 33 pass through the ring 3 by infrared rays, the infrared ray passing ring 3 is arranged at intervals of 2 steel frames from the receiver along the infrared rays, the infrared ray passing ring 3 is welded on the steel frame of the primary support surface 5, and the infrared ray passing ring is adjusted to pass through the center of the infrared ray passing ring.
5. Monitoring instrument installation time: and the installation is completed before the inverted arch is excavated, and the inverted arch is dismantled after the inverted arch concrete is poured.
6. Debugging and centering: after the instruments are installed, the power is switched on, laser infrared rays 6 emitted by the infrared ray generator 1 need to be aligned with the central point of the infrared ray receiver 2, and meanwhile, the laser infrared rays need to penetrate through the center of a circular hole of the ring 3, so that the offset phenomenon is avoided. The aim of centering is to accurately give an alarm no matter displacement change of any angle occurs. And after centering, interrupting the infrared rays and testing whether the alarm gives an alarm normally.
7. And (3) starting to perform inverted arch excavation, and when the infrared receiver 2 does not receive the infrared signal transmitted by the infrared generator 1 positioned at the same side, the infrared receiver 2 gives an alarm to prompt that the side wall is deformed.
The monitoring method adopted by the invention is simple and easy to install, and does not influence the normal operation of other procedures: after the installation, because the instrument is all in the position of the side wall, normal construction of other processes is not influenced. The method is visual, practical, stable and reliable; when the inverted arch excavation is continuously monitored, the high brightness and the directional performance of the laser are stably, reliably and continuously monitored, and visual safety is brought to constructors.
The monitoring method adopted by the invention has the advantages that the omnibearing full-time forecast is as follows: the trigger zone of receiver is that diameter 1cm is circular, and what laser emitter jetted out is punctiform laser beam, and no matter the displacement of taking place any direction of receiver's position can lead to the laser beam to break away from the trigger zone to lead to the alarm to report to the police, accomplished not only monitor the level convergence of side wall, also monitored sinking of side wall simultaneously.
The monitoring method adopted by the invention has accurate forecast: in the process, a total station is combined with a laser alarm system, initial data are measured by the total station at the initial stage of inverted arch excavation, and after the laser monitoring system gives an alarm, the specific situation of point displacement is accurately measured by the total station, so that site construction is accurately guided.
Claims (6)
1. The method for continuously monitoring the deformation of the side wall in the tunnel inverted arch excavation process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, fixedly mounting an infrared generator (1) on two side walls of a constructed inverted arch section;
two side walls of one end of the inverted arch excavation section close to the tunnel face (4) are fixedly provided with an infrared receiver (2) respectively;
a plurality of infrared ray passing rings (3) are respectively arranged on the side walls at two sides of the inverted arch construction section and between the infrared ray receiver (2) and the infrared ray generator (1), and the infrared ray passing rings (3) are of flat plate structures provided with through holes (34);
adjusting the position and the angle of each infrared ray passing ring (3) to enable the infrared rays emitted by the infrared ray generator (1) to pass through each infrared ray passing ring (3) on the same side and then reach the infrared ray receiver (2) on the same side;
and step two, performing inverted arch excavation, and when the infrared receiver (2) does not receive the infrared signals transmitted by the infrared generator (1) positioned at the same side, giving an alarm by the infrared receiver (2) so as to judge that the side wall is deformed.
2. The method of claim 1, each of said infrared passing rings (3) comprising:
the steel plate (31) is provided with a through hole (34), and the longest distance in the through hole (34) is 0.5 cm-1.5 cm;
a steel wire (32) having one end connected to an edge of the steel plate (31);
a reinforcing bar (33) having one end connected to the wire (32).
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the infrared ray passing through the reinforcing bars (33) of the ring (3) is fixedly installed on the primary support surface (5), and the position and angle of the steel wire (32) are adjusted to adjust the angle of the steel plate (31) so that the infrared ray can pass through the through-holes (34) thereof in an initial state.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one infrared pass-through ring (3) is provided per compartment (2) steel frames.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance between the infrared generator (1) and the infrared receiver (2) is 5 to 10 m.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the infrared ray generator (1) and the infrared ray receiver (2) are installed at a height of 1.2 to 1.4m from the short-sided wall top.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910892153.4A CN110595375A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Method for continuously monitoring deformation of side wall in tunnel inverted arch excavation process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910892153.4A CN110595375A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Method for continuously monitoring deformation of side wall in tunnel inverted arch excavation process |
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| CN110595375A true CN110595375A (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| CN201910892153.4A Pending CN110595375A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Method for continuously monitoring deformation of side wall in tunnel inverted arch excavation process |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112268797A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉威思顿环境系统有限公司 | All-round comprehensive detector in tunnel |
| CN113188460A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-07-30 | 浙江永诚建设工程管理有限公司 | Real-time monitoring system for building deformation |
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| CN104373129A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-25 | 合肥工业大学 | Shield tunnel vault crown settlement monitoring device |
| CN207300222U (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-05-01 | 南京合智信息技术有限公司 | Based on online sedimentation change monitoring device |
| CN109579785A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-05 | 成都钧功电子技术有限公司 | A kind of the monitoring system and data analysing method of building settlement |
| CN109681219A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Sharp turn song tunnel model test device and its method |
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2019
- 2019-09-20 CN CN201910892153.4A patent/CN110595375A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104373129A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-25 | 合肥工业大学 | Shield tunnel vault crown settlement monitoring device |
| CN207300222U (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-05-01 | 南京合智信息技术有限公司 | Based on online sedimentation change monitoring device |
| CN109579785A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-05 | 成都钧功电子技术有限公司 | A kind of the monitoring system and data analysing method of building settlement |
| CN109681219A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Sharp turn song tunnel model test device and its method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112268797A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉威思顿环境系统有限公司 | All-round comprehensive detector in tunnel |
| CN113188460A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-07-30 | 浙江永诚建设工程管理有限公司 | Real-time monitoring system for building deformation |
| CN113188460B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-12-02 | 浙江永诚建设工程管理有限公司 | Real-time monitoring system for building deformation |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |
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