CN110594111A - Solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system - Google Patents

Solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110594111A
CN110594111A CN201911022998.4A CN201911022998A CN110594111A CN 110594111 A CN110594111 A CN 110594111A CN 201911022998 A CN201911022998 A CN 201911022998A CN 110594111 A CN110594111 A CN 110594111A
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China
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carbon dioxide
working medium
solar
heat
evaporator
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CN201911022998.4A
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魏名山
孟佳
宋盼盼
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Beijing University of Technology
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01B23/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar energy transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system, and belongs to the field of solar heat utilization and compressed air energy storage. The invention aims to solve the problem of unstable power generation of a solar thermal power generation system caused by solar energy intermittency, fluctuation and non-periodicity. The system mainly comprises a solar heat collector, a heat conduction oil pump, an oil tank, a working medium pump on the Rankine cycle side, an evaporator, a vortex expander, a heat regenerator, a condenser, a compressor and a high-pressure air storage chamber. The invention uses carbon dioxide as a working medium of the Rankine cycle system. Work generated by an expansion machine of the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system is consumed by a compressor coaxially connected with the expansion machine, and is stored in a gas storage chamber as air potential energy. Thereby solving the problems of intermittence and the like caused by solar thermal power generation.

Description

Solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar energy transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system, and belongs to the field of solar heat utilization and compressed air energy storage.
Background
The problems of energy consumption, environmental pollution caused by traditional energy sources and low conversion efficiency of the traditional energy sources are increasingly serious. Therefore, the search for alternative renewable energy sources and efficient conversion methods is urgent. In recent years, power generation using renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and the like has attracted attention. However, renewable energy sources have the disadvantages of being intermittent, fluctuating, and aperiodic. The defects cause the fluctuation of the output electric energy to the power grid when the electric energy is connected to the power grid, and instability of power generation of the power grid is brought. The electric energy storage system effectively solves the problems of the renewable energy power generation.
The traditional medium-low temperature waste heat recovery power generation system adopts the organic Rankine cycle, but the organic Rankine cycle belongs to isothermal evaporation at the working medium evaporation side, the utilization efficiency of a heat source is not high, and the problem of 'pinch point temperature difference' exists. The problem is effectively solved through the trans-critical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle, the trans-critical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle has the advantages of being small in component size, compact in whole cycle structure and the like, and the system has sustainability and excellent economy. Meanwhile, compared with an organic Rankine cycle, the thermal efficiency of the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle is higher. One of renewable energy sources, solar energy has the advantages of cleanness, durability, wide resource distribution, huge potential and the like. Solar photo-thermal power generation is one of the forms of solar energy utilization. By using solar heat energy as a heat source and utilizing the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle for power generation, the problems of environmental pollution caused by fossil energy, global warming caused by organic working media and the like can be effectively solved. As previously mentioned, the intermittency, volatility, and aperiodicity of solar energy cause instability in the generation of electricity by solar transcritical carbon dioxide systems. Therefore, the problem of fluctuation and the like of solar thermal power generation is effectively solved by the application of the compressed air energy storage system.
The compressed air energy storage technology is an electric power storage system capable of realizing large-capacity and long-time electric energy storage. The system stores electric energy by compressing air, and when needed, the compressed gas is used for generating power by applying work through the expansion machine. The compressed air energy storage system can be used for peak clipping and valley filling, balancing power load, forming stable power supply by renewable energy sources and serving as a standby power supply for users to use in emergency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system, which stores intermittent and unstable electric energy generated by a solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system by using a compressed air energy storage method so as to solve the problem of electric power storage of a small-sized solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
solar energy transcritical carbon dioxide rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupled system includes: the system comprises an oil pump, a heat collector, an evaporator, an oil tank, a heat regenerator, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a working medium pump, an expander, a compressor and a gas storage chamber;
the heat collector is connected with an oil inlet of the evaporator through a pipeline, and an oil outlet of the evaporator is connected with the oil tank; the oil pump, the heat collector, the evaporator and the oil tank are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a loop; the working medium outlet of the heat collector is connected with the inlet of the expansion machine through a pipeline; the working medium inlet of the heat collector is connected to the heat regenerator through a pipeline; the evaporator, the heat regenerator, the condenser, the liquid storage tank and the working medium pump are connected to form a loop; the expander is coaxially connected with the compressor and stores compressed air in the air storage chamber;
the heat absorbed by the solar heat collector is used as a heat source of the evaporator, and the high-pressure working medium of the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle subsystem is heated by the evaporator, so that the high-temperature high-pressure steam pushes the expansion machine to do work and generate power.
An expander in the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle subsystem is coaxially connected with a compressor in the compressed air energy storage system, and the outlet of the compressor is connected with an air storage chamber, wherein the compressor and the air storage chamber form the compressed air energy storage system. When the solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system works, the work output by the expansion machine in the system is consumed by the compressor coaxially connected with the expansion machine, and the energy is stored in the air storage chamber in the form of air potential energy.
After the scheme is adopted, the coupling of the solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system and the compressed air energy storage system is realized, so that unstable electric energy generated by the small solar thermal power generation system is stored in a compressed air mode.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention uses carbon dioxide which is environment-friendly, stable, environment-friendly, cheap and low in critical temperature as the working medium of the Rankine cycle system. Because the carbon dioxide has low critical temperature and can easily reach a supercritical state, the carbon dioxide working medium and a heat source can be well matched, isothermal evaporation does not exist, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved.
2. The invention provides a method for storing unstable electric energy generated by solar energy in a compressed air energy storage mode aiming at the volatility, intermittence and non-periodicity of solar thermal power generation. The stored electric energy is discharged stably as required.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
The system comprises an oil pump 1, a heat collector 2, an evaporator 3, an oil tank 4, an expander 5, a heat regenerator 6, a condenser 7, a liquid storage tank 8, a working medium pump 9, a compressor 10 and an air storage chamber 11.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the attached figure 1, a solar transcritical carbon dioxide rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system comprises three subsystems: the system comprises a solar heat collection subsystem, a carbon dioxide Rankine cycle subsystem and a compressed air energy storage subsystem. Wherein, solar energy collection system includes: the system comprises an oil pump 1, a heat collector 2, an evaporator 3 and an oil tank 4, wherein heat conducting oil is adopted as a circulating medium in the system; the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system includes: the system comprises an evaporator 3, an expander 5, a heat regenerator 6, a condenser 7, a liquid storage tank 8 and a working medium pump 9, wherein carbon dioxide is used as a working medium; the compressed air energy storage system includes: the system comprises a compressor 10 and an air storage chamber 11, and air is used as a working medium in the system.
In the solar heat collection system, the outlet of a heat conduction oil pump 1 is connected with the heat conduction oil inlet of a solar heat collector 2, the heat conduction oil outlet of the solar heat collector 2 is connected with the heat conduction oil side inlet of an evaporator 3, the heat conduction oil side outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected with the inlet of an oil tank 4, and the inlet of the oil tank 4 is connected with the inlet of a heat conduction oil pump 1 to form a solar heat collection subsystem.
In the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system, an outlet of a working medium pump 9 is connected with a high-pressure side inlet of a heat regenerator 6, an outlet of the high-pressure side of the heat regenerator 6 is connected with a working medium side inlet of an evaporator 3, an outlet of the working medium side of the evaporator 3 is connected with an inlet of an expansion machine 5, an outlet of the expansion machine 5 is connected with a low-pressure side inlet of the heat regenerator 6, an outlet of the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator 6 is connected with a working medium side inlet of a condenser 7, an outlet of the working medium side of the condenser 7 is connected with an inlet of.
In the compressed air energy storage system, the outlet of a compressor 10 is connected with the inlet of an air storage chamber 11 to form the compressed air energy storage system. The power of the compressor is from the work done by an expansion machine of the transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system, and the expansion machine 5 and the compressor 10 are connected through a shaft.
When the coupling system operates, the working process is as follows:
the solar heat collector 2 absorbs solar heat to heat conduction oil, the heated conduction oil heats high-pressure fluid of the trans-critical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system into high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working media through the evaporator 3, the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working media enter the expander 5 to do work, solar heat energy is converted into electric energy and then converted into low-pressure carbon dioxide working media, the low-pressure carbon dioxide working media enter the heat regenerator 6 to release heat at the low-pressure side, and then the low-pressure carbon dioxide working media enter the condenser 7 to be cooled and. The cooled low-pressure low-temperature carbon dioxide working medium is pressurized by the working medium pump 9 and is changed into a high-pressure supercritical state, the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working medium enters the heat regenerator 6, the high-pressure side absorbs the waste heat of the expansion machine 5, the transcritical carbon dioxide working medium after absorbing the waste heat enters the evaporator 3 to absorb the solar heat absorbed by the solar heat collector 2 to form a high-temperature high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working medium, and the next cycle is started. Wherein, the work of the expander 5 is consumed by the compressor 10 which is coaxially connected with the expander, and is changed into air potential energy which is stored in the air storage chamber.
The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. Solar energy transcritical carbon dioxide rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupled system, its characterized in that: solar energy transcritical carbon dioxide rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupled system includes: the system comprises an oil pump, a heat collector, an evaporator, an oil tank, a heat regenerator, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a working medium pump, an expander, a compressor and a gas storage chamber; the heat collector is connected with an oil inlet of the evaporator through a pipeline, and an oil outlet of the evaporator is connected with the oil tank; the oil pump, the heat collector, the evaporator and the oil tank are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a loop; the working medium outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the expansion machine through a pipeline; the evaporator working medium inlet is connected to the heat regenerator through a pipeline; the evaporator, the heat regenerator, the condenser, the liquid storage tank and the working medium pump are connected to form a loop; the expander is coaxially connected to the compressor and stores compressed air in the air receiver.
2. A method of stable solar photo-thermal power generation conversion by the system of claim 1, characterized by: the solar heat collector absorbs solar heat to heat conduction oil, the heated conduction oil heats high-pressure fluid of the trans-critical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle system into high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working medium through the evaporator, the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working medium enters the expander to do work, solar heat energy is converted into electric energy and then converted into low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium, the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium enters the low-pressure side of the heat regenerator to release heat, then enters the condenser to be cooled and returns to the liquid storage tank; the cooled low-pressure low-temperature carbon dioxide working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump and is changed into a high-pressure supercritical state, the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working medium enters the high-pressure side of a heat regenerator to absorb the waste heat of an expansion machine, the transcritical carbon dioxide working medium after absorbing the waste heat enters an evaporator to absorb the solar heat absorbed by a solar heat collector to form a high-temperature high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide working medium, and the next round of circulation is started; the work of the expansion machine is consumed by a compressor which is coaxially connected with the expansion machine, and is changed into air potential energy which is stored in the air storage chamber.
CN201911022998.4A 2019-10-25 2019-10-25 Solar transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle and compressed air energy storage coupling system Pending CN110594111A (en)

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111561363A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-21 上海电力大学 Transcritical CO2Heat pump energy storage system driven by power generation
CN112554975A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-03-26 北京理工大学 Supercritical carbon dioxide thermodynamic cycle power generation system and control method thereof
CN112880451A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-01 深圳市博德维环境技术股份有限公司 CO based on supplemental external energy2Gas-liquid phase change energy storage device and method
CN113381443A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-10 中国能源建设集团山西省电力勘测设计院有限公司 Working method of new energy power generation power grid load fluctuation compensation system
CN114109749A (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-03-01 西安热工研究院有限公司 Solar energy-geothermal energy organic Rankine cycle power generation system and use method
CN114484933A (en) * 2022-03-03 2022-05-13 东北电力大学 Carbon dioxide transcritical electricity storage coupling solar heat storage and carbon dioxide storage circulating system device and system method
CN116292200A (en) * 2023-01-13 2023-06-23 清华大学 Photo-thermal, compressed air and organic Rankine cycle comprehensive energy system
CN116599231A (en) * 2023-05-18 2023-08-15 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 Compressed air energy storage system of coupling organic Rankine cycle without heat storage tank
CN116292200B (en) * 2023-01-13 2024-06-11 清华大学 Photo-thermal, compressed air and organic Rankine cycle comprehensive energy system

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111561363A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-21 上海电力大学 Transcritical CO2Heat pump energy storage system driven by power generation
CN111561363B (en) * 2020-04-29 2022-10-25 上海电力大学 Transcritical CO 2 Heat pump energy storage system driven by power generation
CN112554975A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-03-26 北京理工大学 Supercritical carbon dioxide thermodynamic cycle power generation system and control method thereof
CN112554975B (en) * 2020-11-17 2022-04-12 北京理工大学 Supercritical carbon dioxide thermodynamic cycle power generation system and control method thereof
WO2022166381A1 (en) * 2021-02-07 2022-08-11 百穰新能源科技(深圳)有限公司 Energy storage device and method based on co2 gas-liquid phase change for supplementing external energy
CN112880451A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-01 深圳市博德维环境技术股份有限公司 CO based on supplemental external energy2Gas-liquid phase change energy storage device and method
CN113381443B (en) * 2021-05-24 2022-11-11 中国能源建设集团山西省电力勘测设计院有限公司 Working method of new energy power generation power grid load fluctuation compensation system
CN113381443A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-10 中国能源建设集团山西省电力勘测设计院有限公司 Working method of new energy power generation power grid load fluctuation compensation system
CN114109749A (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-03-01 西安热工研究院有限公司 Solar energy-geothermal energy organic Rankine cycle power generation system and use method
CN114484933A (en) * 2022-03-03 2022-05-13 东北电力大学 Carbon dioxide transcritical electricity storage coupling solar heat storage and carbon dioxide storage circulating system device and system method
CN114484933B (en) * 2022-03-03 2023-12-01 东北电力大学 Carbon dioxide transcritical electricity storage coupling solar heat storage and carbon dioxide storage circulation system device and system method
CN116292200A (en) * 2023-01-13 2023-06-23 清华大学 Photo-thermal, compressed air and organic Rankine cycle comprehensive energy system
CN116292200B (en) * 2023-01-13 2024-06-11 清华大学 Photo-thermal, compressed air and organic Rankine cycle comprehensive energy system
CN116599231A (en) * 2023-05-18 2023-08-15 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 Compressed air energy storage system of coupling organic Rankine cycle without heat storage tank
CN116599231B (en) * 2023-05-18 2024-02-20 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 Compressed air energy storage system of coupling organic Rankine cycle without heat storage tank

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