CN110591721A - Mucilage soil passivator polluted by alkaline heavy metal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mucilage soil passivator polluted by alkaline heavy metal and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110591721A CN110591721A CN201910880261.XA CN201910880261A CN110591721A CN 110591721 A CN110591721 A CN 110591721A CN 201910880261 A CN201910880261 A CN 201910880261A CN 110591721 A CN110591721 A CN 110591721A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention discloses a clay alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil remediation, wherein the passivator comprises, by mass, 10-40% of modified biomass charcoal, 10-40% of clay minerals, 10-30% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1-10% of microbial agent and 1-10% of polyglutamic acid. The passivator mainly comprises modified biomass charcoal, decomposed organic fertilizer, microbial agent, clay mineral and polyglutamic acid. The passivator has strong adsorption-chelation effects, can effectively fix lead and cadmium in soil, and reduces the migration of effective lead and cadmium to crop roots. Meanwhile, the organic matter content is high, the safety is high, secondary pollution to soil can not be caused, the soil quality can be improved, and the method is suitable for clay alkaline heavy metal composite polluted soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a clay alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The soil is a material base for human survival and development. However, with the continuous development of human society, the activity area of human beings is gradually enlarged, the heavy metal content in soil is gradually increased due to industrial and agricultural production, and the heavy metal pollution of soil is gradually serious. These heavy metal contaminants have poor mobility in soil, long residence time and are difficult to be degraded by microorganisms, can be transferred along with the food chain and cause harm to human health and even life. And the heavy metals can be diffused through the actions of scouring, runoff, rainwater leaching and the like, so that the surrounding water environment is polluted, and the production environment of human beings is seriously threatened.
The passivation technology is characterized in that a passivator is applied to soil, so that the solubility and the mobility of heavy metals are reduced, the possibility of being absorbed by plants is reduced, and the influence on the environment is reduced. Therefore, the preparation of the passivant is imminent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a clay alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problem that the heavy metal contamination of the existing soil is gradually serious.
A clay alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-40% of modified biomass charcoal, 10-40% of clay mineral, 10-30% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1-10% of microbial agent and 1-10% of polyglutamic acid.
The preparation method of the clay alkaline heavy metal composite contaminated soil passivator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing modified biomass charcoal:
(1) crushing crop straws to the particle size of 1-2 cm, and then burning for 2-4 h in an ozone environment at 450-600 ℃ to prepare biomass charcoal;
(2) adding the biomass charcoal prepared in the step (1) into 0.1-0.2 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 3-8 h at 40-60 ℃;
(3) and (3) after the reaction in the step (2) is finished, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration to obtain modified biomass charcoal, washing once with clear water with the pH value of 7, performing suction filtration again, and finally stirring and drying the modified biomass charcoal in an environment at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
S2, preparing a decomposed organic fertilizer:
(1) mixing 30 parts of earthworm excrement and 70 parts of straws which are chopped into particles with the size of 1-2 cm, and then stacking, wherein the stacked objects are in a pyramid shape with the height of 40 cm;
(2) and covering a layer of dry soil on the accumulation layer, covering the accumulation layer with a layer of plastic cloth, and stacking and fermenting for 3 months to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer.
S3, preparation of a microbial agent:
(1) separately culturing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus mucilaginosus powder and bacillus megaterium, and then mixing according to the proportion of 1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(2) adding 4-8 times of sterile water by mass into the bacterial liquid prepared in the step (1), then respectively adding 2-4 times of glucose and peptone, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a microbial agent;
s4, preparing a passivator:
(1) uniformly mixing 1-10% of microbial agent described in S3, 10-30% of decomposed organic fertilizer described in S2 and 1-10% of polyglutamic acid, and then preparing into round particles with the diameter of 2 mm;
(2) sieving clay mineral with 1mm sieve;
(3) and (2) mixing the round particles prepared in the step (1) with the modified biomass charcoal (10-40%) and the clay mineral (10-40%) to prepare the passivator.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention has stronger adsorption-chelation effect through the passivator, can effectively fix lead and cadmium in soil and reduce the migration of the effective lead and cadmium to crop roots. Meanwhile, the organic matter content is high, the environmental protection is good, the soil quality can be improved, secondary pollution to the soil can not be caused, and the method is suitable for clay alkaline heavy metal composite polluted soil.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments are given and the present invention is described in further detail. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1
The viscid alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator comprises, by mass, 30% of modified biomass charcoal, 30% of clay minerals, 20% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 10% of microbial agent and 10% of polyglutamic acid. Uniformly mixing 10% of microbial agent, 20% of decomposed organic fertilizer and 10% of polyglutamic acid, and preparing into round particles with the diameter of 2 mm; mixing 30% of round particles of modified biomass charcoal and 30% of clay mineral to obtain the passivator.
The passivator has strong adsorption-chelation effects, can effectively fix lead and cadmium in soil, and reduces the migration of effective lead and cadmium to crop roots. Meanwhile, the organic matter content is high, the safety is high, secondary pollution to soil can not be caused, the soil quality can be improved, and the method is suitable for clay alkaline heavy metal composite polluted soil.
Example 2
A preparation method of a clay alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing biomass charcoal:
(1) crushing crop straws to the particle size of 1-2 cm, and then burning for 2 hours in an ozone environment at 450 ℃ to prepare biomass charcoal;
(2) adding the biomass charcoal prepared in the step (1) into 0.15mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 5 hours at 40 ℃;
(3) and (3) after the reaction in the step (2) is finished, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration to obtain modified biomass charcoal, washing once with clear water with the pH value of 7, performing suction filtration again, and finally stirring and drying the modified biomass charcoal at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
S2, preparing a decomposed organic fertilizer:
(1) mixing 30 parts of earthworm excrement and 70 parts of straws which are chopped into particles with the size of 1-2 cm, and then stacking, wherein the stacked objects are in a pyramid shape with the height of 40 cm;
(2) and covering a layer of dry soil on the accumulation layer, covering the accumulation layer with a layer of plastic cloth, and stacking and fermenting for 3 months to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer.
S3, preparing a microbial agent:
(1) separately culturing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus mucilaginosus powder and bacillus megaterium, and then mixing to obtain mixed bacteria liquid;
(2) adding 4-8 times of sterile water by mass into the bacterial liquid prepared in the step (1), then respectively adding 2-4 times of glucose and peptone, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a microbial agent;
s4, preparing a passivator:
(1) uniformly mixing the 1% microbial agent described in S3, the 10% decomposed organic fertilizer described in S2 and 10% polyglutamic acid, and preparing into round particles with the diameter of 2 mm;
(2) sieving clay mineral with 1mm sieve;
(3) and (2) mixing the round particles prepared in the step (1) with 40% of modified biomass charcoal and 39% of clay mineral to prepare the passivator.
Example 3
A preparation method of a clay alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing biomass charcoal:
(1) crushing crop straws to the particle size of 1-2 cm, and then burning for 2 hours in an ozone environment at 600 ℃ to prepare biomass charcoal;
(2) adding the biomass charcoal prepared in the step (1) into 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 5 hours at 60 ℃;
(3) and (3) after the reaction in the step (2) is finished, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration to obtain modified biomass charcoal, washing once with clear water with the pH value of 7, performing suction filtration again, and finally stirring and drying the modified biomass charcoal at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
S2, preparing a decomposed organic fertilizer:
(1) mixing 30 parts of earthworm excrement and 70 parts of straws which are chopped into particles with the size of 1-2 cm, and then stacking, wherein the stacked objects are in a pyramid shape with the height of 40 cm;
(2) and covering a layer of dry soil on the accumulation layer, covering the accumulation layer with a layer of plastic cloth, and stacking and fermenting for 3 months to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer.
S3, preparing a microbial agent:
(1) separately culturing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus mucilaginosus powder and bacillus megaterium, and then mixing the bacillus subtilis powder, the bacillus mucilaginosus powder and the bacillus megaterium into mixed bacterial liquid according to the proportion of 1:1: 1;
(2) adding 4 times of sterile water by mass into the bacterial liquid prepared in the step (1), then respectively adding 3 times of glucose and 2 times of peptone, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a microbial agent;
s4, preparing a passivator:
(1) uniformly mixing the 10% microbial agent described in S3, the 40% decomposed organic fertilizer described in S2 and 5% polyglutamic acid, and preparing into round particles with the diameter of 2 mm;
(2) sieving clay mineral with 1mm sieve;
(3) and (2) mixing the round particles prepared in the step (1) with 10% of modified biomass charcoal and 35% of clay mineral to prepare the passivator.
Example 4
The preparation method of the clay alkaline heavy metal composite contaminated soil passivator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing biomass charcoal:
(1) crushing crop straws to the particle size of 1-2 cm, and then burning for 3 hours in an ozone environment at 500 ℃ to prepare biomass charcoal;
(2) adding the biomass charcoal prepared in the step (1) into 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 8 hours at 50 ℃;
(3) and (3) after the reaction in the step (2) is finished, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration to obtain modified biomass charcoal, washing once with clear water with the pH value of 7, performing suction filtration again, and finally stirring and drying the modified biomass charcoal at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
S2, preparing a decomposed organic fertilizer:
(1) mixing 30 parts of earthworm excrement and 70 parts of straws which are chopped into particles with the size of 1-2 cm, and then stacking, wherein the stacked objects are in a pyramid shape with the height of 40 cm;
(2) and covering a layer of dry soil on the accumulation layer, covering the accumulation layer with a layer of plastic cloth, and stacking and fermenting for 3 months to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer.
S3, preparing a microbial agent:
(1) separately culturing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus mucilaginosus powder and bacillus megaterium, and then mixing to obtain mixed bacteria liquid;
(2) adding 8 times of sterile water by mass into the bacterial liquid prepared in the step (1), then respectively adding 4 times of glucose and 4 times of peptone, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a microbial agent;
s4, preparing a passivator:
(1) uniformly mixing the 5% microbial agent described in S3, the 30% decomposed organic fertilizer described in S2 and 5% polyglutamic acid, and preparing into round particles with the diameter of 2 mm;
(2) sieving clay mineral with 1mm sieve;
(3) and (2) mixing the round particles prepared in the step (1) with 40% of modified biomass charcoal and 20% of clay mineral to prepare the passivator.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The clay alkaline heavy metal contaminated soil passivator is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: the passivator comprises, by mass, 10-40% of modified biomass charcoal, 10-40% of clay mineral, 10-30% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 1-10% of microbial agent and 1-10% of polyglutamic acid.
2. The clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the modified biomass charcoal comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing crop straws to the particle size of 1-2 cm, and then burning for 2 hours in an ozone environment at 450 ℃ to prepare biomass charcoal;
(2) adding the biomass charcoal prepared in the step (1) into 0.15mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 5 hours at 40 ℃;
(3) and (3) after the reaction in the step (2) is finished, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration to obtain modified biomass charcoal, washing once with clear water with the pH value of 7, performing suction filtration again, and finally stirring and drying the modified biomass charcoal at 60 ℃ for 12 hours.
3. The clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 30 parts of earthworm excrement and 70 parts of straws which are chopped into particles with the size of 1-2 cm, and then stacking, wherein the stacked objects are in a pyramid shape with the height of 40 cm;
(2) and covering a layer of dry soil on the accumulation layer, covering the accumulation layer with a layer of plastic cloth, and stacking and fermenting for 3 months to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer.
4. The clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the microbial agent comprises the following steps:
(1) separately culturing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus mucilaginosus powder and bacillus megaterium, and then mixing to obtain mixed bacteria liquid;
(2) and (2) adding 4-8 times of sterile water by mass into the bacterial liquid prepared in the step (1), then respectively adding 2-4 times of glucose and peptone, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial agent.
5. The clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the bacterial numbers of the bacillus subtilis bacterial powder, the bacillus mucilaginosus bacterial powder and the bacillus megatherium are all 1.2 multiplied by 108 CFU/g.
6. The preparation method of the clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing 1-10% of microbial agent, 10-30% of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1-10% of polyglutamic acid to prepare circular particles with the diameter of 2 mm;
step 2: sieving clay mineral with 1mm sieve;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the round particles prepared in the step (1) with 10-40% of modified biomass charcoal and 10-40% of clay mineral to obtain the passivator.
7. The clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the preparation process of the microbial agent in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) separately culturing bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus mucilaginosus powder and bacillus megaterium, and then mixing according to the proportion of 1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the bacterial count of the bacillus subtilis powder, the bacillus mucilaginosus powder and the bacillus megaterium is 1.2 multiplied by 108 CFU/g;
(2) and (2) adding 4-8 times of sterile water by mass into the bacterial liquid prepared in the step (1), then respectively adding 2-4 times of glucose and peptone, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial agent.
8. The clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the preparation process of the decomposed organic fertilizer in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) fully mixing 30 parts of earthworm excrement and 70 parts of straws which are cut into particles with the size of 1-2 cm, and then stacking the mixture into a pyramid shape with the height of 40 cm;
(2) and covering a layer of dry soil on the accumulation layer, covering the accumulation layer with a layer of plastic cloth, and stacking and fermenting for 3 months to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer.
9. The clay alkali heavy metal contaminated soil passivator and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the preparation process of the modified biomass charcoal in the step 3 comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing crop straws to the particle size of 1-2 cm, and then burning for 2-4 h in an ozone environment at 450-600 ℃ to obtain biomass charcoal;
(2) adding the biomass charcoal prepared in the step (1) into 0.1-0.2 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 3-8 h at 40-60 ℃;
(3) and (3) after the reaction in the step (2) is finished, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration to obtain modified biomass charcoal, washing once with clear water with the pH value of 7, performing suction filtration again, and finally stirring and drying the modified biomass charcoal for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20191220 |