CN113000594A - Hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
Hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113000594A CN113000594A CN202110244293.8A CN202110244293A CN113000594A CN 113000594 A CN113000594 A CN 113000594A CN 202110244293 A CN202110244293 A CN 202110244293A CN 113000594 A CN113000594 A CN 113000594A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil, and particularly relates to the technical field of contaminated soil repairing methods, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, and crushing the hemp stalk cores in a crusher. According to the method, the hemp stalk core is used as a main raw material of the repairing agent, and the hemp stalk core biochar is applied to the improvement and treatment of the polluted soil to form the special hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent applied to the polluted soil treatment, so that the heavy metal pollution problem of the soil can be well improved, the hemp stalk core is changed into valuable, the treatment cost of the heavy metal polluted soil is reduced, the waste resources are reasonably utilized, the environment is protected, and the ecological sustainable development rule is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of contaminated soil remediation methods, in particular to a hemp stalk core remediation agent remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of urbanization, a great deal of human activities, such as the production and sewage discharge of chemical enterprises and the sewage discharge, generate a great deal of pollutants which enter soil and accumulate to a certain degree to cause soil pollution and soil quality deterioration and cause harm to people or other organisms, and the soil pollution includes inorganic pollutants caused by heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead and arsenic and organic pollutants generated by various chemical pesticides, petroleum and cracking products thereof or other various organic synthetic products from the viewpoint of pollution types. From the pollution source, the discharge of various domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, waste gas containing heavy metals, excessive applied chemical fertilizers and pesticides and improperly treated solid waste can bring soil pollution, from the pollution approach, the direct pollution of the solid waste and the indirect pollution of water and gas exist, therefore, the treatment of the polluted soil is not slow, the biochar is a solid substance which is generated by the high-temperature pyrolysis of biomass in the completely or partially anoxic environment and has stable physicochemical characteristics and is rich in carbon, at present, the research on the biochar at home and abroad becomes a great hotspot, and scientists find that the biochar has important significance in the application in various aspects along with the continuous deterioration of environmental problems in research. The earliest research and application of biochar in China is in the textile industry and the sewage treatment aspect.
Hemp is an annual herb plant of the cannabinoideae and cannabis, has a long cultivation history, is an ancient bast fiber crop, and at present, hemp is mainly planted in the aspects of spinning, papermaking, composite materials, automotive interiors and the like by utilizing the fiber of hemp, a large amount of hemp stem cores are generated while the fiber is utilized, the reutilization of the hemp stem cores becomes a problem to be solved, the hemp stem cores can be directly carbonized at high temperature to produce active carbon with strong adsorbability, the specific surface area of the carbonized hemp is increased, the adsorbability of the hemp is enhanced, and the hemp is used as a soil conditioner, but in China, the research on the aspect is almost not available.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil, the hemp stalk core is used as a main raw material of the repairing agent, and hemp stalk core biochar is applied to the improvement and treatment of the contaminated soil to form a special hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent applied to the treatment of the contaminated soil, so that the heavy metal contamination problem of the soil can be well improved, the hemp stalk core is changed into valuable, the treatment cost of the heavy metal contaminated soil is reduced, the waste resources are reasonably utilized, the environment is protected, and the ecological sustainable development rule is met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a hemp stalk core restoration method for heavy metal contaminated soil specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed hemp stalk cores to be between 32 and 40mm, then carbonizing the crushed hemp stalk cores at high temperature, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a high-temperature oven, controlling the temperature to be between 180 and 260 ℃ and the time to be between 60 and 80min, taking out the hemp stalk cores, preparing the hemp stalk cores into biological activated carbon, further crushing the biological activated carbon, putting the biological activated carbon into the crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon to be between 10 and 14mm, taking out and weighing 1000 parts of the biological activated carbon, adding 2000 parts of purified water, 50 parts of coffee residues, 50 parts of tea residues, 20 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of plant ash, 150 parts of rock powder, 50 parts of hydroxyl phosphate rock, 30 parts of ammonia water, carbon dioxide, sodium chloride, 30 parts of red mud, 20 parts of pyroligneous acid, 30 parts of lime, 50 parts of adsorbent and 50 parts of monocalcium phosphate, and then putting the mixture into a stirring device for stirring until the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent;
step two, excavation and repair of a foundation pit: firstly, sampling and sampling in a heavy metal contaminated soil area of a storage battery factory for detection, detecting the type and proportion of heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, detecting the type and proportion of the heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the type of the heavy metal ions comprises copper, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic, the content proportion of copper is 0.0032%, the content proportion of zinc is 0.0045%, the content proportion of tin is 0.0052%, the content proportion of nickel is 0.0089%, the content proportion of cobalt is 0.0072%, the content proportion of antimony is 0.0065%, the content proportion of mercury is 0.0021%, the content proportion of cadmium is 0.0068%, the content proportion of chromium is 0.0091%, the content proportion of lead is 0.0032% and the content proportion of arsenic is 0.0059%, then marking is carried out to establish a contaminated soil remediation area, then the heavy metal contaminated soil area is divided into a remediation area, then an upper heavy metal contaminated soil layer is excavated, forming a repair foundation pit;
step three, seepage prevention and heightening of the foundation pit: adopting a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket as a base material, paving the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket on the inner wall of the repaired foundation pit, heightening the foundation pit to form a closed water-tight foundation pit, and burying a pipeline at the bottom of the foundation pit;
step four, backfilling heavy metal contaminated soil: screening heavy metal contaminated soil, removing plastic products, non-degradable plastics, glass products, large stones and other impurity garbage, and then refilling the heavy metal contaminated soil into the closed water-tight foundation pit;
step five, oxidation reduction: adding 50 parts of oxidant and 50 parts of reducer, and stirring and mixing until uniform;
step six, overturning and leaching: turning over once every 3-5 days, adding purified water by spraying every day to keep the water content, and discharging the precipitated wastewater through a pipeline and collecting the wastewater in a centralized manner for 12-18 days;
step seven, adding a repairing agent: adding the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent prepared in the step one into heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent is controlled within the range of 100:1-100: 5;
step eight, stirring and overturning: turning and stirring the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the repairing agent to fully and uniformly mix the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent and the heavy metal contaminated soil;
step nine, adding microorganisms and animals: adding microorganism and animal such as microorganism, Lumbricus, snail, frog and beetle;
step ten, planting plants: plants such as Indian mustard, poplar, Indian grass, sunflower and the like are planted in the soil.
In a preferred embodiment, in the first step, the crushed hemp stalk core is flatly laid in a high-temperature oven, and the same horizontal height is kept, wherein the horizontal height is controlled to be 240mm-320 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the adsorbent in the first step is one or a mixture of montmorillonite and zeolite.
In a preferred embodiment, the oxidizing agent in the first step is one or more of permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, fenton's reagent, persulfate and ozone, and the reducing agent in the first step is one or more of hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, calcium polysulfide, ferrous iron and zero-valent iron.
In a preferred embodiment, the electrode with low direct current is inserted into the contaminated soil to a depth of between 100mm and 140mm in the seventh step, so that heavy metal ions in the soil are enriched towards the electrode under the action of the electric field, and then are collected and treated in a centralized manner.
In a preferred embodiment, after the foundation pit is turned over and washed in the sixth step, the heightened part of the foundation pit is removed, and a restoration protective fence is established to establish an ecological cycle protection area.
In a preferred embodiment, the protective guard is made of environment-friendly degradable materials, and the size of the protective guard is 2m × 4 m.
In a preferred embodiment, the microorganism in step nine is one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus mucilaginosus, streptomyces jingyangensis and azotobacter vinelandii.
In a preferred embodiment, after the plants are planted in the step ten, periodically performing the conserving of the plants by spraying water.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. the hemp stalk core biochar is used as a main raw material of the repairing agent, the hemp stalk core biochar is applied to the improvement and treatment of the polluted soil, the special hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent applied to the polluted soil treatment is formed, the characteristics of the soil can be well improved, the hemp stalk core biochar can improve the soil, adsorb heavy metal elements and organic pollutants in the soil, reduce the biological effectiveness of the soil, inhibit the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus, improve the soil pollution condition, change the hemp stalk core into valuable, reduce the treatment cost of the heavy metal polluted soil, reasonably utilize waste resources, protect the environment, accord with the rule of ecological sustainable development, and waste substances such as coffee residues, tea residues, egg shells, plant ash and the like are added into the repairing agent to form an organic fertilizer, improve drainage and enhance air permeability, the plant growth is promoted, the soil pH value can be maintained, the waste is further changed into valuable, the repairing effect of the repairing agent is also improved, the heavy metal in the polluted soil can be subjected to primary oxidation reduction by adding the oxidant and the reducing agent and turning and leaching, and then the wastewater is discharged through a pipeline;
2. by adding montmorillonite and zeolite, heavy metal pollutants such as cadmium, chromium, lead, arsenic, mercury and the like in soil can be adsorbed by carrying out adsorption, ion exchange and other reactions on the zeolite and heavy metal elements, the content of available nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil can be adjusted, the effective slow release of the nutrients is controlled, the action time of the fertilizer is prolonged, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, the cost is reduced, various microorganisms are added, the effect of degrading organic phosphorus in the soil can be good, soluble phosphorus and potassium elements and medium and trace elements such as calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese and the like are released, so that the soil has more nutrients, nitrogen fixation and fertility enhancement can be realized, and then the polluted soil is thoroughly improved through ecological cycle by planting various plants.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed hemp stalk cores to be 32mm, then carbonizing the crushed hemp stalk cores at high temperature, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a high-temperature oven, controlling the temperature to be 180 ℃ and the time to be 60min, taking out the hemp stalk cores to prepare biological activated carbon, further crushing the biological activated carbon, putting the biological activated carbon into the crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon to be 10mm, taking out the biological activated carbon, weighing 1000 parts of the biological activated carbon, adding 2000 parts of purified water, 50 parts of coffee grounds, 50 parts of tea residues, 20 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of plant ash, 150 parts of rock powder, 50 parts of hydroxyl phosphate rock, 30 parts of ammonia water, 30 parts of red mud, 20 parts of wood vinegar, 30 parts of lime, 50 parts of an adsorbent and 50 parts of monocalcium phosphate, then placing the mixture into a stirring device for stirring until the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent, flatly paving the crushed hemp stalk cores in a high-temperature oven, keeping the same horizontal height, controlling the horizontal height to be 240mm, wherein the adsorbent is one or a mixture of montmorillonite and zeolite, the oxidant is one or more of permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, a Fenton reagent, persulfate and ozone, and the reducing agent is one or more of hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, calcium polysulfide, ferrous iron and zero-valent iron;
step two, excavation and repair of a foundation pit: firstly, sampling and sampling in a heavy metal contaminated soil area of a storage battery factory for detection, detecting the type and proportion of heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, detecting the type and proportion of the heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the type of the heavy metal ions comprises copper, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic, the content proportion of copper is 0.0032%, the content proportion of zinc is 0.0045%, the content proportion of tin is 0.0052%, the content proportion of nickel is 0.0089%, the content proportion of cobalt is 0.0072%, the content proportion of antimony is 0.0065%, the content proportion of mercury is 0.0021%, the content proportion of cadmium is 0.0068%, the content proportion of chromium is 0.0091%, the content proportion of lead is 0.0032% and the content proportion of arsenic is 0.0059%, then marking is carried out to establish a contaminated soil remediation area, then the heavy metal contaminated soil area is divided into a remediation area, then an upper heavy metal contaminated soil layer is excavated, forming a repair foundation pit;
step three, seepage prevention and heightening of the foundation pit: adopting a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket as a base material, paving the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket on the inner wall of the repaired foundation pit, heightening the foundation pit to form a closed water-tight foundation pit, and burying a pipeline at the bottom of the foundation pit;
step four, backfilling heavy metal contaminated soil: screening heavy metal contaminated soil, removing plastic products, non-degradable plastics, glass products, large stones and other impurity garbage, and then refilling the heavy metal contaminated soil into the closed water-tight foundation pit;
step five, oxidation reduction: adding 50 parts of oxidant and 50 parts of reducer, and stirring and mixing until uniform;
step six, overturning and leaching: turning the foundation pit once every 3-5 days, adding purified water in a spraying mode every day to keep the water content, discharging the precipitated wastewater through a pipeline, collecting the wastewater in a centralized mode for 12-18 days, removing the heightened part of the foundation pit after turning and spraying, establishing a restoration protective fence, and establishing an ecological cycle protection area, wherein the protective fence is made of environment-friendly degradable materials and is 2m multiplied by 4m in specification;
step seven, adding a repairing agent: adding the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent prepared in the first step into heavy metal contaminated soil, controlling the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent within the range of 100:1, inserting an electrode with low direct current into the contaminated soil, wherein the depth is 100mm, enriching heavy metal ions in the soil to the electrode under the action of an electric field, and then collecting and carrying out centralized treatment;
step eight, stirring and overturning: turning and stirring the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the repairing agent to fully and uniformly mix the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent and the heavy metal contaminated soil;
step nine, adding microorganisms and animals: adding microorganism and animal such as microorganism, Lumbricus, snail, frog and beetle, wherein the microorganism is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Streptomyces jingyang and azotobacter vinelandii;
step ten, planting plants: plants such as Indian mustard, poplar, Indian grass and sunflower are planted in the soil, and after the plants are planted, the plants are periodically conserved by spraying water.
Example 2:
the invention provides a hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed hemp stalk cores to be 34mm, then carbonizing the crushed hemp stalk cores at high temperature, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a high-temperature oven, controlling the temperature to be 200 ℃ and the time to be 65min, taking out the hemp stalk cores to prepare biological activated carbon, further crushing the biological activated carbon, putting the biological activated carbon into the crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon to be 11mm, taking out the biological activated carbon, weighing 1000 parts of the biological activated carbon, adding 2000 parts of purified water, 50 parts of coffee grounds, 50 parts of tea residues, 20 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of plant ash, 150 parts of rock powder, 50 parts of hydroxyl phosphate rock, 30 parts of ammonia water, 30 parts of red mud, 20 parts of wood vinegar, 30 parts of lime, 50 parts of an adsorbent and 50 parts of monocalcium phosphate, then placing the mixture into a stirring device for stirring until the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent, flatly paving the crushed hemp stalk cores in a high-temperature oven, keeping the same horizontal height, controlling the horizontal height to be 260mm, wherein the adsorbent is one or a mixture of montmorillonite and zeolite, the oxidant is one or more of permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, a Fenton reagent, persulfate and ozone, and the reducing agent is one or more of hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, calcium polysulfide, ferrous iron and zero-valent iron;
step two, excavation and repair of a foundation pit: firstly, sampling and sampling in a heavy metal contaminated soil area of a storage battery factory for detection, detecting the type and proportion of heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, detecting the type and proportion of the heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the type of the heavy metal ions comprises copper, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic, the content proportion of copper is 0.0032%, the content proportion of zinc is 0.0045%, the content proportion of tin is 0.0052%, the content proportion of nickel is 0.0089%, the content proportion of cobalt is 0.0072%, the content proportion of antimony is 0.0065%, the content proportion of mercury is 0.0021%, the content proportion of cadmium is 0.0068%, the content proportion of chromium is 0.0091%, the content proportion of lead is 0.0032% and the content proportion of arsenic is 0.0059%, then marking is carried out to establish a contaminated soil remediation area, then the heavy metal contaminated soil area is divided into a remediation area, then an upper heavy metal contaminated soil layer is excavated, forming a repair foundation pit;
step three, seepage prevention and heightening of the foundation pit: adopting a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket as a base material, paving the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket on the inner wall of the repaired foundation pit, heightening the foundation pit to form a closed water-tight foundation pit, and burying a pipeline at the bottom of the foundation pit;
step four, backfilling heavy metal contaminated soil: screening heavy metal contaminated soil, removing plastic products, non-degradable plastics, glass products, large stones and other impurity garbage, and then refilling the heavy metal contaminated soil into the closed water-tight foundation pit;
step five, oxidation reduction: adding 50 parts of oxidant and 50 parts of reducer, and stirring and mixing until uniform;
step six, overturning and leaching: turning the foundation pit once every 3-5 days, adding purified water in a spraying mode every day to keep the water content, discharging the precipitated wastewater through a pipeline, collecting the wastewater in a centralized mode for 12-18 days, removing the heightened part of the foundation pit after turning and spraying, establishing a restoration protective fence, and establishing an ecological cycle protection area, wherein the protective fence is made of environment-friendly degradable materials and is 2m multiplied by 4m in specification;
step seven, adding a repairing agent: adding the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent prepared in the first step into heavy metal contaminated soil, controlling the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent within the range of 100:2, inserting an electrode with low direct current into the contaminated soil, wherein the depth is 110mm, enriching heavy metal ions in the soil to the electrode under the action of an electric field, and then collecting and carrying out centralized treatment;
step eight, stirring and overturning: turning and stirring the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the repairing agent to fully and uniformly mix the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent and the heavy metal contaminated soil;
step nine, adding microorganisms and animals: adding microorganism and animal such as microorganism, Lumbricus, snail, frog and beetle, wherein the microorganism is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Streptomyces jingyang and azotobacter vinelandii;
step ten, planting plants: plants such as Indian mustard, poplar, Indian grass and sunflower are planted in the soil, and after the plants are planted, the plants are periodically conserved by spraying water.
Example 3:
the invention provides a hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed hemp stalk cores to be 36mm, then carbonizing the crushed hemp stalk cores at high temperature, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a high-temperature oven, controlling the temperature to be 220 ℃ and the time to be 70min, taking out the crushed hemp stalk cores to prepare biological activated carbon, further crushing the biological activated carbon, putting the biological activated carbon into the crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon to be 12mm, taking out the biological activated carbon, weighing 1000 parts of the biological activated carbon, adding 2000 parts of purified water, 50 parts of coffee grounds, 50 parts of tea residues, 20 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of plant ash, 150 parts of rock powder, 50 parts of hydroxyl phosphate rock, 30 parts of ammonia water, 30 parts of red mud, 20 parts of wood vinegar, 30 parts of lime, 50 parts of an adsorbent and 50 parts of monocalcium phosphate, then placing the mixture into a stirring device for stirring until the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent, flatly paving the crushed hemp stalk cores in a high-temperature oven, keeping the same horizontal height, controlling the horizontal height to be 280mm, wherein the adsorbent is one or a mixture of montmorillonite and zeolite, the oxidant is one or more of permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, a Fenton reagent, persulfate and ozone, and the reducing agent is one or more of hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, calcium polysulfide, ferrous iron and zero-valent iron;
step two, excavation and repair of a foundation pit: firstly, sampling and sampling in a heavy metal contaminated soil area of a storage battery factory for detection, detecting the type and proportion of heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, detecting the type and proportion of the heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the type of the heavy metal ions comprises copper, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic, the content proportion of copper is 0.0032%, the content proportion of zinc is 0.0045%, the content proportion of tin is 0.0052%, the content proportion of nickel is 0.0089%, the content proportion of cobalt is 0.0072%, the content proportion of antimony is 0.0065%, the content proportion of mercury is 0.0021%, the content proportion of cadmium is 0.0068%, the content proportion of chromium is 0.0091%, the content proportion of lead is 0.0032% and the content proportion of arsenic is 0.0059%, then marking is carried out to establish a contaminated soil remediation area, then the heavy metal contaminated soil area is divided into a remediation area, then an upper heavy metal contaminated soil layer is excavated, forming a repair foundation pit;
step three, seepage prevention and heightening of the foundation pit: adopting a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket as a base material, paving the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket on the inner wall of the repaired foundation pit, heightening the foundation pit to form a closed water-tight foundation pit, and burying a pipeline at the bottom of the foundation pit;
step four, backfilling heavy metal contaminated soil: screening heavy metal contaminated soil, removing plastic products, non-degradable plastics, glass products, large stones and other impurity garbage, and then refilling the heavy metal contaminated soil into the closed water-tight foundation pit;
step five, oxidation reduction: adding 50 parts of oxidant and 50 parts of reducer, and stirring and mixing until uniform;
step six, overturning and leaching: turning the foundation pit once every 3-5 days, adding purified water in a spraying mode every day to keep the water content, discharging the precipitated wastewater through a pipeline, collecting the wastewater in a centralized mode for 12-18 days, removing the heightened part of the foundation pit after turning and spraying, establishing a restoration protective fence, and establishing an ecological cycle protection area, wherein the protective fence is made of environment-friendly degradable materials and is 2m multiplied by 4m in specification;
step seven, adding a repairing agent: adding the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent prepared in the first step into heavy metal contaminated soil, controlling the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent within the range of 100:3, inserting an electrode with low direct current into the contaminated soil, wherein the depth is 120mm, enriching heavy metal ions in the soil to the electrode under the action of an electric field, and then collecting and carrying out centralized treatment;
step eight, stirring and overturning: turning and stirring the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the repairing agent to fully and uniformly mix the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent and the heavy metal contaminated soil;
step nine, adding microorganisms and animals: adding microorganism and animal such as microorganism, Lumbricus, snail, frog and beetle, wherein the microorganism is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Streptomyces jingyang and azotobacter vinelandii;
step ten, planting plants: plants such as Indian mustard, poplar, Indian grass and sunflower are planted in the soil, and after the plants are planted, the plants are periodically conserved by spraying water.
Example 4:
the invention provides a hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed hemp stalk cores to be 38mm, then carbonizing the crushed hemp stalk cores at high temperature, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a high-temperature oven, controlling the temperature to be 240 ℃ and the time to be 75min, taking out the crushed hemp stalk cores to prepare biological activated carbon, further crushing the biological activated carbon, putting the biological activated carbon into the crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon to be 13mm, taking out the biological activated carbon, weighing 1000 parts of the biological activated carbon, adding 2000 parts of purified water, 50 parts of coffee grounds, 50 parts of tea residues, 20 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of plant ash, 150 parts of rock powder, 50 parts of hydroxyl phosphate rock, 30 parts of ammonia water, 30 parts of red mud, 20 parts of wood vinegar, 30 parts of lime, 50 parts of an adsorbent and 50 parts of monocalcium phosphate, then placing the mixture into a stirring device for stirring until the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent, flatly paving the crushed hemp stalk cores in a high-temperature oven, keeping the same horizontal height, controlling the horizontal height to be 300mm, wherein the adsorbent is one or a mixture of montmorillonite and zeolite, the oxidant is one or more of permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, a Fenton reagent, persulfate and ozone, and the reducing agent is one or more of hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, calcium polysulfide, ferrous iron and zero-valent iron;
step two, excavation and repair of a foundation pit: firstly, sampling and sampling in a heavy metal contaminated soil area of a storage battery factory for detection, detecting the type and proportion of heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, detecting the type and proportion of the heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the type of the heavy metal ions comprises copper, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic, the content proportion of copper is 0.0032%, the content proportion of zinc is 0.0045%, the content proportion of tin is 0.0052%, the content proportion of nickel is 0.0089%, the content proportion of cobalt is 0.0072%, the content proportion of antimony is 0.0065%, the content proportion of mercury is 0.0021%, the content proportion of cadmium is 0.0068%, the content proportion of chromium is 0.0091%, the content proportion of lead is 0.0032% and the content proportion of arsenic is 0.0059%, then marking is carried out to establish a contaminated soil remediation area, then the heavy metal contaminated soil area is divided into a remediation area, then an upper heavy metal contaminated soil layer is excavated, forming a repair foundation pit;
step three, seepage prevention and heightening of the foundation pit: adopting a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket as a base material, paving the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket on the inner wall of the repaired foundation pit, heightening the foundation pit to form a closed water-tight foundation pit, and burying a pipeline at the bottom of the foundation pit;
step four, backfilling heavy metal contaminated soil: screening heavy metal contaminated soil, removing plastic products, non-degradable plastics, glass products, large stones and other impurity garbage, and then refilling the heavy metal contaminated soil into the closed water-tight foundation pit;
step five, oxidation reduction: adding 50 parts of oxidant and 50 parts of reducer, and stirring and mixing until uniform;
step six, overturning and leaching: turning the foundation pit once every 3-5 days, adding purified water in a spraying mode every day to keep the water content, discharging the precipitated wastewater through a pipeline, collecting the wastewater in a centralized mode for 12-18 days, removing the heightened part of the foundation pit after turning and spraying, establishing a restoration protective fence, and establishing an ecological cycle protection area, wherein the protective fence is made of environment-friendly degradable materials and is 2m multiplied by 4m in specification;
step seven, adding a repairing agent: adding the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent prepared in the first step into heavy metal contaminated soil, controlling the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent within the range of 100:4, inserting an electrode with low direct current into the contaminated soil, wherein the depth of the electrode is 130mm, enriching heavy metal ions in the soil to the electrode under the action of an electric field, and then collecting and carrying out centralized treatment;
step eight, stirring and overturning: turning and stirring the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the repairing agent to fully and uniformly mix the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent and the heavy metal contaminated soil;
step nine, adding microorganisms and animals: adding microorganism and animal such as microorganism, Lumbricus, snail, frog and beetle, wherein the microorganism is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Streptomyces jingyang and azotobacter vinelandii;
step ten, planting plants: plants such as Indian mustard, poplar, Indian grass and sunflower are planted in the soil, and after the plants are planted, the plants are periodically conserved by spraying water.
Example 5:
the invention provides a hemp stalk core repairing agent repairing method for heavy metal contaminated soil, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed hemp stalk cores to be between 40mm, then carbonizing the crushed hemp stalk cores at high temperature, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a high-temperature oven, controlling the temperature to be 260 ℃ and the time to be 80min, then taking out the crushed hemp stalk cores to prepare biological activated carbon, further crushing the biological activated carbon, putting the biological activated carbon into the crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon to be 14mm, taking out the crushed biological activated carbon, weighing 1000 parts of the biological activated carbon, adding 2000 parts of purified water, 50 parts of coffee grounds, 50 parts of tea residues, 20 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of plant ash, 150 parts of rock powder, 50 parts of hydroxyl phosphate rock, 30 parts of ammonia water, 30 parts of red mud, 20 parts of wood vinegar, 30 parts of lime, 50 parts of an adsorbent and 50 parts of monocalcium phosphate, then placing the mixture into a stirring device for stirring until the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent, flatly paving the crushed hemp stalk cores in a high-temperature oven, keeping the same horizontal height, controlling the horizontal height to be 320mm, wherein the adsorbent is one or a mixture of montmorillonite and zeolite, the oxidant is one or more of permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, a Fenton reagent, persulfate and ozone, and the reducing agent is one or more of hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, calcium polysulfide, ferrous iron and zero-valent iron;
step two, excavation and repair of a foundation pit: firstly, sampling and sampling in a heavy metal contaminated soil area of a storage battery factory for detection, detecting the type and proportion of heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, detecting the type and proportion of the heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the type of the heavy metal ions comprises copper, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic, the content proportion of copper is 0.0032%, the content proportion of zinc is 0.0045%, the content proportion of tin is 0.0052%, the content proportion of nickel is 0.0089%, the content proportion of cobalt is 0.0072%, the content proportion of antimony is 0.0065%, the content proportion of mercury is 0.0021%, the content proportion of cadmium is 0.0068%, the content proportion of chromium is 0.0091%, the content proportion of lead is 0.0032% and the content proportion of arsenic is 0.0059%, then marking is carried out to establish a contaminated soil remediation area, then the heavy metal contaminated soil area is divided into a remediation area, then an upper heavy metal contaminated soil layer is excavated, forming a repair foundation pit;
step three, seepage prevention and heightening of the foundation pit: adopting a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket as a base material, paving the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket on the inner wall of the repaired foundation pit, heightening the foundation pit to form a closed water-tight foundation pit, and burying a pipeline at the bottom of the foundation pit;
step four, backfilling heavy metal contaminated soil: screening heavy metal contaminated soil, removing plastic products, non-degradable plastics, glass products, large stones and other impurity garbage, and then refilling the heavy metal contaminated soil into the closed water-tight foundation pit;
step five, oxidation reduction: adding 50 parts of oxidant and 50 parts of reducer, and stirring and mixing until uniform;
step six, overturning and leaching: turning the foundation pit once every 3-5 days, adding purified water in a spraying mode every day to keep the water content, discharging the precipitated wastewater through a pipeline, collecting the wastewater in a centralized mode for 12-18 days, removing the heightened part of the foundation pit after turning and spraying, establishing a restoration protective fence, and establishing an ecological cycle protection area, wherein the protective fence is made of environment-friendly degradable materials and is 2m multiplied by 4m in specification;
step seven, adding a repairing agent: adding the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent prepared in the first step into heavy metal contaminated soil, controlling the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent within the range of 100:5, inserting an electrode with low direct current into the contaminated soil, wherein the depth is 140mm, enriching heavy metal ions in the soil to the electrode under the action of an electric field, and then collecting and carrying out centralized treatment;
step eight, stirring and overturning: turning and stirring the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the repairing agent to fully and uniformly mix the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent and the heavy metal contaminated soil;
step nine, adding microorganisms and animals: adding microorganism and animal such as microorganism, Lumbricus, snail, frog and beetle, wherein the microorganism is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Streptomyces jingyang and azotobacter vinelandii;
step ten, planting plants: plants such as Indian mustard, poplar, Indian grass and sunflower are planted in the soil, and after the plants are planted, the plants are periodically conserved by spraying water.
The method comprises the following steps of respectively taking the above embodiments 1-5, repairing, obtaining the repaired soil by sampling after waiting for 3 months through changing the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon and changing the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the China hemp stalk core biological carbon-based soil repairing agent, carrying out related detection, detecting the type reduction rate, the heavy metal ratio reduction rate, the vegetation number promotion rate and the microorganism population promotion rate of heavy metals in the soil, and obtaining the following data:
as can be seen from the above table, the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon and the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biological carbon-based soil remediation agent are moderate in example 3, after 3 months, the remedied soils are obtained by sampling respectively and relevant detection is performed, the type reduction rate, the heavy metal proportion reduction rate, the vegetation number promotion rate and the microorganism population promotion rate of the heavy metals in the soil in example 3 are all the highest, which indicates that the method in example 3 has the best remediation effect on the heavy metal contaminated soil, the proportion and the type of the heavy metals are greatly reduced, the number of microorganisms and plants is significantly increased, which indicates that the nutrients in the remedied soil are very abundant, the soil contamination condition is greatly improved, and the proportion of the heavy metals in the remedied soil is detected, wherein the proportion of the copper is 0.00023%, the proportion of the zinc is 0.00035%, the proportion of the tin is 0.00024%, the proportion of the nickel is 0.00054%, The content of cobalt is 0.00013%, the content of mercury is 0.00015%, the content of cadmium is 0.00045%, and the content of lead is 0.00051%, so that the repaired soil is greatly reduced in heavy metal types and heavy metal contents, the repairing effect is remarkable, and the pollution condition of the soil is greatly improved.
And finally: the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A hemp stalk core restoration method aiming at heavy metal contaminated soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent: collecting hemp stalk cores, crushing the collected hemp stalk cores, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed hemp stalk cores to be between 32 and 40mm, then carbonizing the crushed hemp stalk cores at high temperature, putting the crushed hemp stalk cores into a high-temperature oven, controlling the temperature to be between 180 and 260 ℃ and the time to be between 60 and 80min, taking out the hemp stalk cores, preparing the hemp stalk cores into biological activated carbon, further crushing the biological activated carbon, putting the biological activated carbon into the crusher for crushing, controlling the particle size of the crushed biological activated carbon to be between 10 and 14mm, taking out and weighing 1000 parts of the biological activated carbon, adding 2000 parts of purified water, 50 parts of coffee residues, 50 parts of tea residues, 20 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of plant ash, 150 parts of rock powder, 50 parts of hydroxyl phosphate rock, 30 parts of ammonia water, carbon dioxide, sodium chloride, 30 parts of red mud, 20 parts of pyroligneous acid, 30 parts of lime, 50 parts of adsorbent and 50 parts of monocalcium phosphate, and then putting the mixture into a stirring device for stirring until the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent;
step two, excavation and repair of a foundation pit: firstly, sampling and sampling in a heavy metal contaminated soil area of a storage battery factory for detection, detecting the type and proportion of heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, detecting the type and proportion of the heavy metal ions contained in the heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the type of the heavy metal ions comprises copper, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and arsenic, the content proportion of copper is 0.0032%, the content proportion of zinc is 0.0045%, the content proportion of tin is 0.0052%, the content proportion of nickel is 0.0089%, the content proportion of cobalt is 0.0072%, the content proportion of antimony is 0.0065%, the content proportion of mercury is 0.0021%, the content proportion of cadmium is 0.0068%, the content proportion of chromium is 0.0091%, the content proportion of lead is 0.0032% and the content proportion of arsenic is 0.0059%, then marking is carried out to establish a contaminated soil remediation area, then the heavy metal contaminated soil area is divided into a remediation area, then an upper heavy metal contaminated soil layer is excavated, forming a repair foundation pit;
step three, seepage prevention and heightening of the foundation pit: adopting a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket as a base material, paving the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket on the inner wall of the repaired foundation pit, heightening the foundation pit to form a closed water-tight foundation pit, and burying a pipeline at the bottom of the foundation pit;
step four, backfilling heavy metal contaminated soil: screening heavy metal contaminated soil, removing plastic products, non-degradable plastics, glass products, large stones and other impurity garbage, and then refilling the heavy metal contaminated soil into the closed water-tight foundation pit;
step five, oxidation reduction: adding 50 parts of oxidant and 50 parts of reducer, and stirring and mixing until uniform;
step six, overturning and leaching: turning over once every 3-5 days, adding purified water by spraying every day to keep the water content, and discharging the precipitated wastewater through a pipeline and collecting the wastewater in a centralized manner for 12-18 days;
step seven, adding a repairing agent: adding the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent prepared in the step one into heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the volume ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil remediation agent is controlled within the range of 100:1-100: 5;
step eight, stirring and overturning: turning and stirring the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the repairing agent to fully and uniformly mix the hemp stalk core biochar-based soil repairing agent and the heavy metal contaminated soil;
step nine, adding microorganisms and animals: adding microorganism and animal such as microorganism, Lumbricus, snail, frog and beetle;
step ten, planting plants: plants such as Indian mustard, poplar, Indian grass, sunflower and the like are planted in the soil.
2. The hemp stalk core restoration method aiming at the heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the crushed hemp stalk core is flatly laid in a high-temperature oven, and the same horizontal height is kept and is controlled to be 240mm-320 mm.
3. The hemp stalk core restoration method aiming at the heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the adsorbent is one or a mixture of montmorillonite and zeolite.
4. The method for repairing hemp stalk core in heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim five, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reducing agent in the first step is one or more of hydrogen sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfate, calcium polysulfide, ferrous iron and zero-valent iron.
5. The method for repairing hemp stalk core in heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim five, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and seventhly, inserting the electrode with low direct current into the polluted soil, wherein the depth is 100-140 mm, enriching heavy metal ions in the soil to the electrode under the action of an electric field, and then collecting and carrying out centralized treatment on the heavy metal ions.
6. The hemp stalk core restoration method aiming at the heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and after the foundation pit is overturned and washed in the sixth step, the heightened part of the foundation pit is removed, a restoration protective fence is established, and an ecological cycle protection area is established.
7. The hemp stalk core restoration method aiming at the heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the protective guard is made of environment-friendly degradable materials, and the specification of the protective guard is 2m multiplied by 4 m.
8. The hemp stalk core restoration method aiming at the heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the microorganism bacteria in the step nine are one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus mucilaginosus, streptomyces jingyangensis and azotobacter vinelandii.
9. The hemp stalk core restoration method aiming at the heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and after planting the plants in the step ten, periodically carrying out water spraying to keep the plants in the house.
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