CN110583532A - Method for recovering coral reef ecosystem by using basalt - Google Patents
Method for recovering coral reef ecosystem by using basalt Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583532A CN110583532A CN201910848727.8A CN201910848727A CN110583532A CN 110583532 A CN110583532 A CN 110583532A CN 201910848727 A CN201910848727 A CN 201910848727A CN 110583532 A CN110583532 A CN 110583532A
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- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 241000242757 Anthozoa Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000257465 Echinoidea Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000008058 Lilium brownii Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015982 Lilium brownii Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000258920 Chilopoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005335 volcanic glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/26—Artificial reefs or seaweed; Restoration or protection of coral reefs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering a coral reef ecosystem by utilizing basalt. Selecting a coral reef degeneration area meeting the required condition for coral regeneration, throwing basalt blocks into the area and at least covering the bottom material of the area to be recovered, wherein gaps exist among the placed basalt blocks, and the coral reef ecosystem is recovered. The method adopts a natural repair method for promoting attachment of coral larvae in the area by utilizing the characteristics of basalt, does not damage coral reefs in other areas, can cover broken reef discs by putting the basalt, stabilizes the substrate, can reduce damage to the environment in the repair process, and possibly promotes attachment of coral larvae and inhabitation of coral reef organisms. The method for recovering the coral reef ecosystem by using the volcanic rocks has the advantages of low cost and convenient manufacture, and greatly reduces the investment of manpower and financial resources.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of coral reef ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for restoring a coral reef ecosystem by utilizing basalt.
Background art:
coral death occurs due to global warming and human activities, and the coral reef structure is destroyed. The coral reef area in China also has a serious degradation phenomenon, so the coral reef area is urgently needed to be repaired or recovered by human intervention.
At present, coral reef repairing methods mainly adopt coral transplantation, namely coral of a proper size and variety is transplanted to a degraded area so as to improve the coral reef ecosystem of the degraded area and improve the species abundance of the area. There are two common methods: one is a measure for protecting in different places, and a whole reef-building coral is transplanted to a coral reef degeneration area; the other method is horticultural cultivation, namely collecting large reef-building corals, then dividing the large reef-building corals into small blocks or small branches, cultivating the large reef-building corals under a proper environment to a certain size, and transplanting the large reef-building corals to a coral reef degeneration area (high eternal interest, yellow light, exercise and health, Lixiubao, Youfeng, Zhou Wei, Liu, Hai-Yawan reef-building coral transplanting place selection and transplanting survival rate monitoring [ J ] application oceanographic newspaper 2013,32(02): 243-. The methods all need to collect a large amount of healthy live coral adults, can cause coral reef degeneration, disease and other problems in a collection area, and need to invest a large amount of manpower and financial resources, so the method is not suitable for being implemented in a large-range degeneration area.
The bottom material of the coral repairing area is an important factor influencing whether the coral transplantation can survive, and a stable bottom material can prevent coral larvae from falling off in broken stone rolling, prevent the bottom material from being stirred by inrush current to influence the transparency of seawater, block light and avoid the death of the coral larvae due to suffocation. If the threat of environmental factors cannot be resolved, the coral restoration performed is meaningless (Liyuan surpass, Huanghui, Dongzhi, etc.. progress of coral reef ecological restoration [ J ]. ecology bulletin, 2008,28(10): 5047-5054.). In many coral reef protection areas, workers fix movable broken stones to reef disc substrates by gluing the broken stones with cement and the like, and coral larvae have obvious additional increase effect and are widely applied to coral reef recovery work. The method not only increases the natural recovery and supplement speed of coral, but also greatly improves the survival rate of coral transplantation (the culture is handsome, and the remainder is overcome, royal yinghui. the theory and practice of coral reef ecological restoration [ J ]. tropical geography, 2016 (1):80-86.), but the operation is relatively complicated and inconvenient and is difficult to implement.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for recovering a coral reef ecosystem by utilizing basalt, which can promote attachment of coral larvae in a region and increase the abundance of species in the region.
The method for recovering the coral reef ecosystem by using basalt comprises the following steps:
selecting a coral reef degeneration area meeting the requirements of coral regeneration, throwing basalt blocks into the area and covering a substrate (at least of the area to be recovered), wherein gaps exist among the placed basalt blocks, and the coral reef ecosystem is recovered.
The basalt blocks are formed by trimming basalt, so that the basalt does not have a large volume and is in an irregular shape, and the surface area for putting the basalt is increased. Preferably the basalt blocks have an average length of 38.15cm diagonal. The basalt blocks are collected from a natural formation area, have uniform pores and are not subjected to other treatment.
The coral reef degeneration area which meets the requirements for coral regeneration is selected by inspecting the coral reef degeneration area and comprehensively analyzing whether the current situation meets the requirements for coral regeneration, such as detecting whether the environmental conditions of water quality, illumination, turbidity and the like meet the standards, so as to reduce unnecessary waste. It is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art whether the conditions required for coral regeneration are met.
Gaps need to exist among the basalt blocks, so that more inhabitation spaces can be provided for other coral reef organisms, and the species abundance of the area is increased.
And putting the basalt blocks into a coral reef degeneration area, and enabling the basalt blocks to cover the bottom material of the area. The substrate of the destroyed coral reef area is mostly gravel and broken stone, and the gravel and the broken stone can roll under the action of surge and lead the water body to become turbid. In this case, not only the attached coral larvae fall off and bury, but also the lighting conditions in the area are affected, and the coral larvae cannot grow or even die. The added basalt has high density, is not easy to be flushed by surge, can play a role in fixing the substrate, improves the water environment, and can ensure the survival rate of coral larvae.
Volcanic rock is a very precious porous stone material formed by volcanic glass, minerals and bubbles after volcanic eruption, and contains abundant minerals and trace elements. The basalt belongs to one of volcanic rocks, the rough surface of the basalt is convenient for attachment of coral larvae, the porous characteristic of the basalt is that the basalt has hydrophobicity and adsorbability, and is also a good place for growth of nitrobacteria, and nitric acid substances biologically discharged in the area can be efficiently decomposed.
The method adopts a natural repair method for promoting attachment of coral larvae in the area by utilizing the characteristics of basalt, does not damage coral reefs in other areas, can cover broken reef discs by putting the basalt, stabilizes the substrate, can reduce damage to the environment in the repair process, and possibly promotes attachment of coral larvae and inhabitation of coral reef organisms. The method for recovering the coral reef ecosystem by using the volcanic rocks has the advantages of low cost and convenient manufacture, and greatly reduces the investment of manpower and financial resources.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a reef formed by the accumulation of basalt blocks and an attached coral larva;
figure 2 is a comparison of basalt mass coverage versus uncovered area bio-density.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1:
the specific implementation process of the method for recovering the coral reef ecosystem by using basalt is as follows:
through investigation on the local coral reef area on the north side of the centipede branch and winter island, the water quality environment condition is relatively good, and the environments such as illumination, turbidity and the like reach the standard, so that the requirements for coral regeneration are met. However, the coral reef is broken, and the coral larvae are difficult to supplement naturally and slow to recover naturally. Attempts have been made to use basalt to repair the coral reef here.
After the basalt is obtained, the size and the shape of the basalt are trimmed to enable the basalt to meet the required standard, the minimum diagonal length of any surface of the processed basalt block is 20cm, the maximum diagonal length of any surface is 70cm, and the average length of the basalt block is 38.15 cm.
And 5, throwing basalt blocks into a local coral reef area at the north side of the centipede branch and winter island in a depth of 3-4 meters in water within 30 days 8 and 30 days 2017, wherein the length of the basalt throwing area is 103 m. The minimum width of the test piece was 1.6m, the maximum width was 4.2m, and the average width was 2.26m, which were randomly measured at 11 points. The total area of the basalt throwing area is 232.72m through calculation2. When the basalt blocks are thrown in, the bottom of a throwing area is covered by the thrown basalt blocks, and the basalt blocks are stacked, so that gaps exist among the basalt blocks (figure 1). The area without basalt is used as a control.
After the basalt was dropped into the designated area, coral reef bottom and biomass surveys (fig. 2, table 1) were conducted on basalt covered areas and uncovered neighboring areas (within a range of about 1-3 m) in 6 months of 2018, 4 months of 2019 (fig. 1), and 5 months of 2019.
In the area covered by basalt, investigation in 2018 and 6 months shows that the coverage rate of the substrate is 98.23% of stone, 1.6% of sea urchins and 0.16% of sea cucumbers. According to the investigation in 2019 and 4 months, the coverage rate of the substrate in the basalt coverage area is 97.36 percent of stone, 1.53 percent of calcium algae, 0.56 percent of coral, 0.28 percent of sea urchin, 0.14 percent of large-sized seaweed and 0.14 percent of lilium brownii. In 2019, the coverage rate of the substrate in the basalt uncovered area is investigated to be 4.99% of stones, 22.22% of gravel, 71.94% of broken stones, 0.57% of calcium algae, 0.14% of corals and 0.14% of sea cucumbers in 5 months. Therefore, the coverage rate of the stone substrate in the basalt-added area exceeds 97%, and is obviously different from the coverage rate of the stone substrate in the basalt-not-added area which is only 4.99%.
The density of coral larvae in a basalt covered area investigated in 2018 in 6 months to be 0.62 m-2The density of the lilium brownii is 0.41 m-2The density of sea urchin is 1.30 m-2The density of the sea cucumber is 0.10 m-2The total biological density is 2.43 m-2. The density of coral larvae in a basalt covered area is investigated to be 7.50 m in 2019 in 4 months-2The density of the lilium brownii is 1.70 m-2The density of sea urchin is 1.70 m-2The total biological density is 10.89 m-2. 2019 investigation of basalt uncovered area with coral larva density of 0.73 m in 5 months-2The density of the lilium brownii is 0.09 m-2The sea cucumber density is 0.27 m-2Total biological density of 1.10 m-2. According to the results, the coral larva density and the total biological density after the basalt is thrown in are obviously increased, which is consistent with the fact that the stable basalt substrate is more suitable for the attachment of the coral larva.
The data of the coral larva in the basalt covered area investigated in 4 months in 2019 and the coral larva in the basalt free area investigated in 5 months in 2019 are randomly divided into 4 groups for difference test, and the result shows that t is 14.42, and p is 0.0000 < 0.01, so that the density of the coral larva in the basalt covered area is greater than that in the basalt free area, and the difference is extremely obvious.
The data of the number of organisms of the coral reef in the basalt covered area investigated in 4 months in 2019 and the coral reef in the basalt uncovered area investigated in 5 months in 2019 are randomly divided into 4 groups for difference test, and the result shows that t is 6.30 and p is 0.0007 and less than 0.01, so that the total biological density of the basalt covered area is greater than that of the basalt uncovered area, and the difference is extremely obvious.
TABLE 1 investigation of regional biomass
The data show that the basalt can effectively stabilize the broken substrate, promote the attachment of coral larvae, increase the individual quantity of coral reef organisms and accelerate the recovery of the ecological environment of the coral reef.
Claims (3)
1. A method for recovering a coral reef ecosystem by using basalt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a coral reef degeneration area meeting the required condition for coral regeneration, throwing basalt blocks into the area and at least covering the bottom material of the area to be recovered, wherein gaps exist among the placed basalt blocks, and the coral reef ecosystem is recovered.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said basalt blocks have an average length of any one face angle of 38.15 cm.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the basalt pieces are derived from naturally occurring regions and have uniform porosity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910848727.8A CN110583532A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Method for recovering coral reef ecosystem by using basalt |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910848727.8A CN110583532A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Method for recovering coral reef ecosystem by using basalt |
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| CN110583532A true CN110583532A (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113925001A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-14 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Coral restoration method based on coral diversity and environmental adaptability |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030039812A (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-22 | 황덕현 | Basalt Autologous High Temperature Manufacturing Method |
| CN105660475A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 东南大学 | Basalt fiber grid structure suitable for ecological restoration of coral reef |
| CN206507063U (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-09-22 | 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 | A kind of basalt fibre network suitable for islands and reefs restoration of the ecosystem |
| CN206547613U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-10-13 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | A kind of artificial coral reef |
| CN208354346U (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-01-11 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | A kind of artificial marine habitat |
-
2019
- 2019-09-09 CN CN201910848727.8A patent/CN110583532A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030039812A (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-22 | 황덕현 | Basalt Autologous High Temperature Manufacturing Method |
| CN206547613U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-10-13 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | A kind of artificial coral reef |
| CN105660475A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 东南大学 | Basalt fiber grid structure suitable for ecological restoration of coral reef |
| CN206507063U (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-09-22 | 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 | A kind of basalt fibre network suitable for islands and reefs restoration of the ecosystem |
| CN208354346U (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-01-11 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | A kind of artificial marine habitat |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 陈彬等: "《海洋生态恢复理论与实践》", 31 January 2012, 海洋出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113925001A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-14 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Coral restoration method based on coral diversity and environmental adaptability |
| CN113925001B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-11-18 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Coral restoration method based on coral diversity and environmental adaptability |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |