CN110581365B - Dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber - Google Patents
Dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber Download PDFInfo
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- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber, wherein a plurality of structural units are periodically and continuously distributed in two dimensions, each structural unit comprises an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure comprises hollow cylinder units which are arranged in two rows in a dislocation way, the first row comprises two complete hollow cylinder units which are arranged in a clearance way, the second row comprises a right half structure of the hollow cylinder units, one complete hollow cylinder unit and a left half structure of the hollow cylinder units which are arranged in sequence, and the three structures are arranged in a certain clearance way; the lower layer structure comprises a substrate layer and a back plate layer; the side wall of the hollow column structure is used as a supporting layer, and the inner side of the hollow column structure is used for attaching a conductive film layer; the structural unit is made of transparent materials. According to the invention, through the two-dimensional three-dimensional hollow cylinder unit arrangement structure capable of generating multiple resonances with spatial electromagnetic waves, the wave absorber has the characteristic of broadband wave absorption, so that the problem that the existing wave absorber cannot take broadband wave absorption and high visible light transmittance into consideration is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic metamaterials, in particular to a dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber.
Background
The wave-absorbing material is a material capable of absorbing electromagnetic wave energy projected to the surface of the wave-absorbing material, and the metamaterial wave-absorbing body is widely applied to the fields of electromagnetic compatibility and the like due to the unique perfect absorption characteristic of the metamaterial wave-absorbing body. Some special electronic and electrical devices require absorption capability for electromagnetic waves and corresponding light transmission capability for visible light, but a conventional wave absorber cannot have both wave-absorbing and transparent performances, for example, a three-dimensional unit broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure provided in patent CN105101764A cannot give consideration to both broadband wave-absorbing and high visible light transmittance. With the development of scientific technology, in the research of electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials in the microwave field, the development of wave-absorbing materials meeting the requirements of 'thin, light, wide and strong' performance and simultaneously meeting the requirement of high light transmittance in the visible light range is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber which solves the problem that a conventional wave absorber cannot take broadband wave absorption and high visible light transmittance into consideration, and is particularly suitable for a visual window component with specific absorption and shielding requirements on electromagnetic waves.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber comprises a plurality of structural units, wherein the structural units are periodically and continuously distributed in two dimensions, each structural unit comprises an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure comprises hollow cylinder units which are arranged in two rows in a dislocation mode, the first row comprises two complete hollow cylinder units which are arranged in a clearance mode, the second row comprises a right half structure of the hollow cylinder units, a complete hollow cylinder unit and a left half structure of the hollow cylinder units which are arranged in sequence, and the three structures are arranged in a certain clearance mode;
the lower layer structure comprises a substrate layer and a back plate layer, the back plate layer is attached to the outer side of the substrate layer, and the hollow cylinder units are fixed on the inner side of the substrate layer;
the hollow cylinder unit is in a rotationally symmetric regular N-edge hollow cylinder structure, wherein N is an even number and is more than or equal to 4; the side wall of the hollow cylinder structure is used as a supporting layer, and the inner side of the hollow cylinder structure is used for attaching a conductive film layer;
the structural unit is made of transparent materials.
Furthermore, the wave absorber is provided with more than 20 structural units in continuous distribution in two dimensional directions.
Furthermore, a plurality of structural units are distributed in a rectangular array; and the right half side structure of the hollow cylinder unit on one structural unit and the left half side structure of the adjacent hollow cylinder unit on the same straight line are spliced into a complete hollow cylinder unit.
Furthermore, the included angle between the axial direction of the hollow cylinder unit and the surface of the substrate layer is 90 degrees, and the hollow cylinder structure adopts a cube, a honeycomb prism or a cylindrical structure.
Furthermore, the gap between adjacent hollow column units in the same plane is S, and satisfies 0.3 lambda ≥ S ≥ 0.1 lambda, where lambda meansShortest wavelength lambda of wave-absorbing frequency bandmin。
Furthermore, the size p of the structural unit is more than or equal to 2 lambda, wherein lambda refers to the shortest wavelength lambda of the wave-absorbing frequency bandmin。
Further, the maximum dimension L of the hollow cylinder unit in the electric field polarization direction is: l is more than or equal to 1.2 lambda and more than or equal to 0.6 lambda; the height h of the hollow cylinder unit is 1.5 lambda, more than or equal to h and more than or equal to 0.6 lambda, wherein lambda refers to the shortest wavelength lambda of the wave-absorbing frequency bandmin。
Further, the thickness of the support layer is: w is more than or equal to 0.06 lambda and more than or equal to 0.02 lambda, and the thickness of the conductive film layer is g00.001 λ, wherein λ is the shortest wavelength λ of the wave-absorbing frequency bandmin。
Further, the thickness of the back plate layer is: g10.005 λ; the thickness of the substrate layer is d ═ 0.01 lambda, and lambda refers to the shortest wavelength lambda of the wave-absorbing frequency bandmin。
Further, the substrate layer and the support layer are made of transparent inorganic materials; the back plate layer and the conductive film layer are transparent conductive films, the transparent conductive films are continuous conductive films, and the conductivity of the transparent conductive films is 102S/m～105S/m。
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the two-dimensional three-dimensional hollow cylinder unit arrangement structure capable of generating multiple resonances with spatial electromagnetic waves, the wave absorber has the characteristic of broadband wave absorption, so that the problem that the existing wave absorber cannot take broadband wave absorption and high visible light transmittance into consideration is solved. Different from the wave-absorbing characteristics of the traditional wave-absorbing material (electric loss, magnetic loss and dielectric loss type material), the invention not only has good electromagnetic absorption characteristics, but also has good light transmittance characteristics; the absorption rate of the wave absorber in the frequency band of 2.9 GHz-28.8 GHz is more than 90%, and the light transmittance of the wave absorber in the wavelength range of 430 nm-800 nm can be more than 80% through the light transmittance test;
2. the wave absorber provided by the invention has wave absorbing performance of incoming wave wide angle incidence and wave absorbing characteristic of polarization insensitivity. As in the xoy plane, the electromagnetic waves have different polesAngular incidence, i.e. direction of electric field polarisation of electromagnetic waves
When the wave absorbing body is incident under different angles with the x axis or the y axis, the absorption characteristic of the wave absorbing body is basically unchanged. Namely, the wave absorber has the wave absorbing characteristic of polarization insensitivity; the wave absorber provided by the invention is a hollow cylinder with depth height as a whole, taking the yoz plane as an example, the wave propagation direction
When the incident angle between the wave absorbing body and the z axis is 0-55 degrees, the absorption curve of the wave absorbing body to electromagnetic waves is basically consistent, namely, the wave absorbing body has the wave absorbing performance of incoming wave width angle incidence;
3. compared with the wave absorbers arranged in parallel arrays, the staggered arrays on the integral display position of the wave absorber provided by the invention can reduce the coupling inductance capacitance between each structural unit and can increase the effective size of the hollow cylinder unit, so that the low-frequency resonance frequency point is reduced, the low-frequency absorption characteristic is expanded, and the lowest absorption rate is more than 90% at 2.9 GHz; the three-dimensional wave-absorbing integral design provided by the invention ensures that the wave absorber not only has stability of physical structure, attractive appearance and light weight, but also can effectively eliminate the defect that the corresponding single-layer wave-absorbing structure is easy to generate total reflection by absorbing incident electromagnetic waves through the side resistive film of the three-dimensional unit structure, improve the wave-absorbing characteristic of intermediate frequency, and have a plurality of resonance peaks, so that the wave absorber has good strong wave-absorbing characteristic in medium and high frequency bands.
In conclusion, the dislocation type three-dimensional wave absorber provided by the invention solves the problem that broadband wave absorption and high visible light transmittance cannot be considered at the same time, and is particularly suitable for a visual window component with specific absorption and shielding requirements on electromagnetic waves.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a staggered three-dimensional periodic array model of wave absorbers according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structural unit of the wave absorber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a wave-absorbing curve of the dislocation type three-dimensional wave absorber of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a light transmittance curve of the dislocation type three-dimensional wave absorber of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings: 1-structural unit, 11-hollow column unit, 111-supporting layer, 112-conductive film layer, 12-substrate layer, and 13-back plate layer.
Parameters in the drawing are defined as follows:
wherein p is defined as the size of the structural unit;
wherein L is defined as the maximum size of the hollow cylinder unit in the electric field polarization direction;
wherein h is defined as the height of the hollow cylinder unit;
wherein s defines a gap between adjacent hollow cylinder units in the same plane;
wherein w is defined as the thickness of the support layer;
wherein d is defined as the thickness of the substrate layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber which comprises a plurality of structural units 1, wherein the structural units 1 are periodically and continuously distributed in two dimensions. Each structural unit 1 comprises an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure comprises hollow cylinder units 11 which are arranged in two rows in a staggered mode, the first row comprises two complete hollow cylinder units 11 which are arranged in a gap mode, the second row comprises a right half structure of the hollow cylinder units 11, one complete hollow cylinder unit 11 and a left half structure of the hollow cylinder units 11 which are arranged in sequence, and the three structures are arranged in a certain gap mode; the substructure comprises a substrate layer 12 and a back sheet layer 13, the back sheet layer 13 being attached to the outside of the substrate layer 12, and the hollow cylindrical cells 11 being fixed inside the substrate layer 12.
The hollow cylinder unit 11 is a rotationally symmetric regular N-edge hollow cylinder structure, wherein N is an even number and is more than or equal to 4; the side wall of the hollow cylinder structure is used as a support layer 111, and the inner side of the hollow cylinder structure is used for attaching a conductive film layer 112; the structural unit 1 is made of a transparent material.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber, which is further improved on the basis of embodiment 1, wherein more than 20 structural units 1 are continuously distributed in two dimensional directions of the wave absorber. The structural units are distributed in a rectangular array, and the right half side structure of the hollow cylinder unit 11 on one structural unit 1 and the left half side structure of the adjacent hollow cylinder unit 11 on the same straight line are spliced to form a complete hollow cylinder unit 11. Wherein, the included angle between the axial direction of the hollow cylinder unit 11 and the surface of the substrate layer 12 is 90 degrees, and the hollow cylinder structure preferably adopts a cube, a honeycomb prism or a cylindrical structure.
For a structural unit: the gap between adjacent hollow column units 11 in the same plane is S, and the condition that S is more than or equal to 0.3 lambda and more than or equal to 0.1 lambda is met; the size p of the structural unit 1 is more than or equal to 2 lambda; the thickness of the backsheet layer 13 is: g10.005 λ; the thickness d of the substrate layer 12 is 0.01 λ.
For a hollow cylinder unit: the maximum dimension L of the hollow cylindrical unit 11 in the electric field polarization direction is: l is more than or equal to 1.2 lambda and more than or equal to 0.6 lambda; the height h of the hollow column unit 11 is 1.5 lambda, h is more than or equal to 0.6 lambda; the thickness of the support layer 111 is: w is more than or equal to 0.06 lambda and more than or equal to 0.02 lambda, and the thickness of the conductive thin film layer 112 is g0＝0.001λ。
The typical L \ S \ C \ X \ Ku wave band for research is set with a wave-absorbing frequency band: f. ofmin～fmaxCorresponding to the electromagnetic wavelength: lambda [ alpha ]min～λmaxIn order to better study the intrinsic relationship between the physical size of the absorber and various resonant wavelengths, the absorber is generally designed according to the shortest electromagnetic wavelength in the radar band. Thus, reference to λ in the present invention generally refers to the shortest wavelength λmin。
The substrate layer 12 and the support layer 111 are made of the same base material, and both are made of transparent inorganic materials, such as common glass, quartz glass, inorganic glass, plastics and other typical inorganic materials. The back plate layer 13 and the conductive film layer 112 are transparent conductive films, and are generally etched into a sheet-like, ring-like or other patterned film shape, wherein the continuous conductive film is optimal, and the conductivity thereof is 102S/m～105S/m。
Example 3
The embodiment provides a dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber, which is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 2,
in the present case, the shortest wavelength λ is 10mm, wherein:
the size p of the structural unit 1 is 2.4 lambda,
the gap between adjacent hollow cylindrical units 11 in the same plane is 0.278 lambda,
thickness g of back sheet layer 131＝0.005λ，
The thickness d of the substrate layer 12 is 0.01 lambda,
the maximum dimension L of the hollow cylindrical unit 11 in the electric field polarization direction is 1.01 λ,
the height h of the hollow cylindrical unit 11 is 1.1 lambda,
the thickness w of the support layer 111 is 0.04 lambda,
the thickness of the conductive thin film layer 112 is g0＝0.001λ。
Wherein, the back plate layer 13 and the conductive film layer 112 both adopt ITO impedance film, the conductivity is 103S/m, wherein the support layer 111 and the substrate layer 12 are both made of inorganic glass, and the relative dielectric constant ∈ is 3 × (1-j 0.03).
The wave absorber provided in example 3 was subjected to a performance test, and the test results were as follows:
1. broadband wave-absorbing and high light transmittance performance
(1) Wide wave-absorbing frequency band:
as can be seen from the wave absorber curve diagram 3, the absorption rate A of the wave absorber provided in the embodiment 3 is more than 90% in the frequency band of 2.9 GHz-28.8 GHz; the wave absorber provided in example 3 has a plurality of resonance peaks at medium and high frequencies, so that the wave absorber has good strong wave absorption characteristics at medium and high frequency bands.
A＝1-|S11|2-|S21|2
Wherein S11Is the reflection coefficient, S21The transmission coefficient of port 1 to port 2.
(2) Visible light transmittance:
from the graph 4 of the wave-absorbing material transmittance, it can be seen that the wave-absorbing material provided in example 3 has a transmittance of 80% or more in the wavelength range of 430nm to 800nm, and has good visible light transmittance.
2. Wave absorbing performance of polarization insensitivity and incoming wave width angle incidence
The hollow cylinder unit design provided by the invention can ensure that the wave absorbing body has good polarization insensitivity and wave absorbing performance of incoming wave wide angle incidence in an interested frequency band.
(1) In the xoy plane, for example, the electromagnetic waves are incident at different polarization angles, i.e. the electric field polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves
When the wave absorbing body is incident under different angles with the x axis or the y axis, the absorption characteristic of the wave absorbing body is basically unchanged. Namely, the absorber has a polarization insensitive wave absorbing property. The wave absorber provided in example 3 has an absorption rate of 90% or more for both the transverse electric wave and the transverse magnetic wave in a frequency range of 2.9GHz to 28.8 GHz.
(2) The wave absorber provided by the invention is a hollow cylinder with depth height as a whole, taking the yoz plane as an example, the wave propagation direction
When the wave absorbing body is incident under the condition that the included angle between the wave absorbing body and the z axis is 0-55 degrees, the absorption curve of the wave absorbing body to electromagnetic waves is basically consistent, namely, the wave absorbing body has the wave absorbing performance of incoming wave width angle incidence. The wave absorber provided in example 3 has a wave-absorbing bandwidth of 25.9GHz at 0 °; at 55 deg.C, suckThe wave bandwidth can also reach 25.9GHz, and in the wave-absorbing bandwidth, the absorption rate is still kept more than 90%.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The staggered three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber comprises a plurality of structural units (1), wherein the structural units (1) are periodically and continuously distributed in two dimensions, and the staggered three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber is characterized in that each structural unit (1) comprises an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer structure comprises hollow cylinder units (11) which are staggered into two rows, the first row comprises two complete hollow cylinder units (11) which are arranged in a gap, the second row comprises a right half side structure of the hollow cylinder units (11) which are sequentially arranged, one complete hollow cylinder unit (11) and a left half side structure of the hollow cylinder unit (11), and the three are arranged in a certain gap;
the lower layer structure comprises a substrate layer (12) and a back plate layer (13), the back plate layer (13) is attached to the outer side of the substrate layer (12), and the hollow cylinder units (11) are fixed to the inner side of the substrate layer (12);
the hollow cylinder unit (11) is in a rotational symmetry regular N-edge hollow cylinder structure, wherein N is an even number and is more than or equal to 4; the side wall of the hollow cylinder structure is used as a support layer (111), and the inner side of the hollow cylinder structure is used for attaching a conductive film layer (112);
the structural unit (1) is made of transparent materials;
the gap between adjacent hollow column units (11) in the same plane is S, and the condition that S is more than or equal to 0.3 lambda and more than or equal to 0.1 lambda is met;
the size p of the structural unit (1) is more than or equal to 2 lambda;
the maximum size L of the hollow cylinder unit (11) in the electric field polarization direction is as follows: l is more than or equal to 1.2 lambda and more than or equal to 0.6 lambda; the height h of the hollow column unit (11) is more than or equal to 0.6 lambda, and is 1.5 lambda;
the thickness of the support layer (111) is as follows: w is more than or equal to 0.06 lambda and more than or equal to 0.02 lambda, and the thickness of the conductive film layer (112) is g0＝0.001λ；
The thickness of the back plate layer (13) is as follows: g10.005 λ; the thickness of the substrate layer (12) is d ═ 0.01 lambda;
the lambda is the shortest wavelength lambda of the wave-absorbing frequency bandmin。
2. The dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber according to claim 1, wherein more than 20 structural units (1) are continuously distributed in two dimensional directions.
3. The dislocation type three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of structural units are distributed in a rectangular array; and the right half side structure of the hollow cylinder unit (11) on one structural unit (1) and the left half side structure of the adjacent hollow cylinder unit (11) on the same straight line are spliced into a complete hollow cylinder unit (11).
4. The staggered three-dimensional metamaterial transparent wave absorber according to claim 1, wherein the included angle between the axial direction of the hollow cylinder units (11) and the plate surface of the substrate layer (12) is 90 degrees, and the hollow cylinder structure is a cube, a honeycomb prism or a cylinder structure.
5. The staggered three-dimensional metamaterial transparent absorber according to claim 1, wherein the substrate layer (12) and the support layer (111) are made of transparent inorganic materials; the back plate layer (13) and the conductive film layer (112) adopt transparent conductive films, the transparent conductive films adopt continuous conductive films, and the conductivity of the transparent conductive films is 102S/m～105S/m。
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| CN112768911A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 中山大学 | Rectangular patch array staggered super-surface antenna |
| CN112776372B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-03-07 | 中北大学 | Structural-function integrated continuous fiber resin-based wave-absorbing stealth composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113690626B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-07-29 | 电子科技大学 | Wide-angle broadband metamaterial wave-absorbing structure and design method thereof |
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